2023-2024學(xué)年北京東城區(qū)高一下冊(cè)末英語(yǔ)學(xué)情檢測(cè)調(diào)研試卷（附答案）

2023-2024學(xué)年北京東城區(qū)高一下學(xué)期末英語(yǔ)學(xué)情檢測(cè)調(diào)研試卷一、選詞填空（本大題共2小題）decoratebeyondgenerousintelligentfunctionkeeptrackoftryoutadaptto1．It'sveryofyoutolendmeyourbook.2．Themachinedoesn'twellincoldweather.3．After30years,thetownhaschangedrecognition.4．Anyonewithmusicaltalentcanforthecompetition.5．Whenimportantfestivalsapproach,wewillthehouses.6．EverytimeIgooutforawalk,Iusethisapptomysteps.7．Tobecomeanastronaut,youmustbeenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.8．Scientistsareconcernedthatit'sdifficultforanimalstotheclimatechange.extinctdefiniteequipusualenergy9．Workingoutregularly，heisalways.10．Nevergoclimbingwithouttheproper.11．Theboy'sbehaviourpuzzledthedoctor.12．Manyendangeredspeciesarenowfacingthedangerof.13．ItwasanamazingatmospherethebestoneI’veeverexperienced.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）GusWhitewasdrivinghomefromworkwhenhespottedapairofdogsintheflashofhisheadlights.Itwassnowingsohard.Whatweretheydoingouthere,whenitwastoo14fordogstogooutside?Gusparkedhistruckandapproachedtheanimals.He15hishandstothem,whichmadenoefforttoescape.Heplacedthedogsonthepassengerseatandtheyweresnuggled(依偎)togetherthere.Gustookapictureofthepairand16ittohiswife,KatieWhite.Thenhecalledthe17fromthedogs’IDtags.Amananswered.“Igavethosedogsaway,”themansaid.“Well,doyouwantthemback?”“No.”Themanhungup.Thesedogswere18inthisworld.Guslookedoveratthem,theirlargeeyesbegging.HecalledKatie.“Bringthemhome”,shesaid.TheWhitespreparedabedforthedogs,alsosettingoutfoodandwater.Asaboy,Gushaddreamedofowningdogsbut19thispairwasoutofthequestiontheWhitesalreadyhadafamilydog.Thenextday,theytookthedogstoa20todropthemoffononecondition.“I'mnotsigningthedogsovertoyouifyou'regoingto21them,”Katiesaid.Theshelterworkerspromisedherthey’dkeepthecoupletogether.Inthedaysfollowing,Katiephonedtheshelter22tocheckuponPepperandCooper.Soon,thedogswereadopted,asapair,toalovingfamily.It'sasimplestorybutitspeakstothebestofour23.14．A．wetB．lateC．windyD．cold15．A．reachedoutB．spreadoutC．gaveoutD．pushedout16．A．handedB．tookC．sentD．donated17．A．policeB．passengerC．nameD．number18．A．importantB．fearlessC．friendlyD．homeless19．A．keepingB．curingC．a(chǎn)ttendingD．training20．A．shopB．shelterC．parkD．street21．A．leaveB．a(chǎn)doptC．separateD．treat22．A．unwillinglyB．casuallyC．repeatedlyD．hardly23．A．powerB．natureC．knowledgeD．worth三、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共3小題）In2009,Whitacrereceivedavideoofagirl24wassingingoneofhisworks.Inspired,heaskedhisfans25(make)videos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintooneperformance.Hisfirstvirtualchoirhad185singers2612differentcountries.IthasreceivedmillionsofviewsontheInternet.Sincethen,thevirtualchoir27(become)aworldwidephenomenon.In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital,butjustafewmonthslater,thedepartment28(close)becauseofthewar.29(think)ofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.Shechargedverylowfeestotreatpatientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.Attimesshewasevenseen30(ride)adonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.TheDragonBoatFestivalisatraditionalChineseholiday31(celebrate)bymanypeopletoday.It32(fall)onthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth.Therearemanyactivitiesandcustoms,suchas33(race)dragonboats.Itisalsoanoccasionforfamiliestogatherandforpeopletopayrespecttothefamouspoet,QuYuan.四、閱讀選擇（本大題共4小題）Familydaysoutcanbeexpensivebutit'spossibletosticktoabudgetduringthesummerholidaysbytakingadvantageofthefollowingactivities.OutdooractivitiesAtBrimhamRocks,thereisaone-hourrockexploreractivityon14July.Theactivityisfree,althoughcar-parkingchargesapplyfornon-NationalTrustmembers.Whilegettingoutintonaturehaslotsofbenefits,sometimesyouneedanextraactivitytokeepthingsinteresting.Forexample,theWoodlandTrustishostingatreeplantingeventatYonderOakWood,nearExmouthinDevon.Therearemorningandafternoonsessionson18and19July.Itisfreetoattendbutonlinebookingaheadoftimeisessential.RainhamMarshes,theRSPBnaturereserveinPurfleet,Essex,isrunninganartsprogrammeforchildrenagedthreetotenon14July.Youcansignuponlineandticketscost￡3.Itisalsohostingpond-dippingactivitieson15July(upto￡5.50).Arts,craftsandmuseumsForLondonersorthosevisitingthecapitalduringtheholiday,theSouthbankCentreishostingtheImagineChildren’sFestival(until18July),wheremanyeventsarefree,includinghip-hopdanceworkshops,andlivemusicshows.TheTateModernishostingThreads,afreefamilyeventrunningfrom11——19Julywhereyouworktogethertocreateyourownartworkusingcolorfulthreadsandtextiles.TheRoyalAirForceMuseumLondon(freeentry)inHendonhasarangeoffreeactivitiesonofferoverthesamedates,includingarobot-codingworkshop,aradarmathschallengeandtotebagmaking.AndtheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminSouthKensingtonisrunningfreeChinesethemedeventsincludingadrop-inworkshopforfamilieswhereyoumakeatraditionalChinesekite(15——17July).34．Whereisthetreeplantingeventheld?A．AtBrimhamRocks.B．AtYonderOakWood.C．InRSPBnaturereserve.D．IntheSouthbankCentre.35．WhatcanyoudoattheImagineChildren'sFestival?A．Takedanceclasses.B．Createanartwork.C．Learnrobot-coding.D．MakeaChinesekite.36．Thepassageisintendedfor.A．a(chǎn)rtistsB．teachersC．guidesD．parentsHibernationisnotjustsleep.Whilewesleep,ourbrainsfireupandbecomehighlyactive;inhibernation,onthecontrary,brainactivitycompletelyslowsdown.Thebodytemperatureofhibernatinganimalsalsodrops,insomecasesclosetothefreezingpoint.Cells(細(xì)胞)stopdividingandheartratedecreasestotwobeatsperminute.Yet,onceit'stimetowakeup,hibernatinganimalscomebacktolifewithoutanysignificantsideeffectslikefreezing,muscleloss,orlossofbonedensityduringthelongwintermonths.Thesame,however,can'tbesaidaboutpeoplewhowakeupfromlong-termmedicalcomas(昏迷),oreventhosewhohavetostayinbedforlongperiodsoftime.Suchpeople,justlikeastronautsinmicrogravity,wouldsufferfromawiderangeofsideeffectsthatcomefromnotactivelyusingtheirbodies.Scientistsarethereforelookingintohibernationresearchwiththeaimofdevelopingwaystocausehibernationinfutureceastronauts.Recently,KellyDrew,aprofessorofchemistryandbiochemistry,hasbeenrewardedforhisresearch.TheideaisthatratherthanhavingastronautssitformonthsinatinyMars-boundcapsule,consumingfood,waterandair,andgraduallywastingawayfromnotdoingmuchinmicrogravity,apartofthecrewmemberscouldbeplacedintohibernation.Thehibernatingastronautswouldn'tneedanyfoodorwaterandcouldmanagewithmuchlessair——yettheywouldwakeupwiththeirbonesandmusclesinamuchbetterconditionthanthoseoftheirawakecounterparts.“Thisresearchcouldbeusedtohelpfuturemissions,fromtheextremeofmedicallycausedhibernationforlongtermcemissions,protectingastronautsfromcabinfever,radiation,andmuchmore,”hesaid.“Itcouldalsoproveeffectiveinpreventingmuscleandbonelossinzerogravity.”Thestateofhibernationcouldalsohelpinthemedicalsettingtohelpprotectpatientssufferingfromlife-threateningconditionssuchasheartattacksandstrokes.“Thiscouldmeanthatpatientswhohavesufferedfromastrokeorheartattackcouldbeplacedinmedicallycausedhibernationuntiltheycanbetransportedtoahospitaltoreceivecare,whichcouldsignificantlyimprovemedicaloutcomes,”thescientistsaid.37．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph1?A．Theworkingprinciplesofhibernation.B．Theuniquefeaturesofhibernation.C．Themajorreasonsforhibernation.D．Thesideeffectsofhibernation.38．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterparts”inParagraph3referto?A．Bonesandmuscles.B．Brains.C．Astronauts.D．Patients.39．Whatwillscientistsprobablydointhefutureresearch?A．Studyhibernatinganimalsincemissions.B．Findwaystoputpeopleintohibernation.C．Improvemedicaltreatmentsforpatients.D．Seekcuresforlife-threateningdiseases.Willchatbotsthatcangeneratefascinatingarticlesdestroyeducationasweknowit?NewYorkCity’sDepartmentofEducationrecentlybanned(禁止)theuseofChatGPT.“Whilethetoolmaybeabletoprovidequickandeasyanswerstoquestions,”saystheofficialstatement,“itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinkingskills,whicharenecessaryforacademicandlifelongsuccess.”Banningsuchuseoftechnologyfromtheclassroomisanearsightedresponse.Instead,wemustfindawayforwardinwhichsuchtechnologiescombinewellwith,ratherthanreplace,studentthinking.BanningChatGPTisimpossibleinpractice.Studentswillfindwaysaroundtheban,whichwillcauseafurtherdefensiveresponsefromteachersandadministrators,andsoon.It'shardtobelievethatacloseracebetweenthosedigitalnativesandtheireducatorswillendinadecisivevictoryforthelatter.Infact,chatbotsmaywellspeedupatrend(趨向)towardvaluingcriticalthinking.Inaworldwherecomputerscanfluentlyansweranyquestion,studentsneedtogetmuchbetteratdecidingwhatquestionstoaskandhowtofact-checktheanswerstheprogramgenerates.Sohowdoweencourageyoungpeopletousetheirmindswhenrealthinkingissohardtotellapartfromitssimulacrum(假象)?Teachers,ofcourse,willstillwanttowatchstudentstakingold-fashioned,in-person,no-chatbot-allowedexamstocheckthattheydonotcheat.Butwemustalsofigureouthowtodosomethingnew:howtousetoolslikeGPTtoinspiredeeperthinking.GPToftengeneratestextthatisfluentand“reasonable”——butwrong.Sousingitrequiresthesamementalheavyliftingthatwritingdoes:forminganopinion,creatinganoutline,pickingwhichpointstoexplainandwhichtodrop,andlookingforsupportingfacts.GPTcanhelpwiththosetasks,butitcan'tputthemalltogether.Writingagoodessaystillrequireslotsofhumanthoughtandwork.Indeed,writingisthinking,andgoodwritingisgoodthinking.Oneapproachistofocusontheprocessasmuchastheresult.Forinstance,teachersmightrequirefourdraftsofanessay.Afterall,asJohnMcPhee,thefamouswriter,said,“thecentralnatureoftheprocessisrevision.”Eachdraftgetsfeedbackfromtheteacher,frompeersorevenfromachatbot.Thenthestudentsproducethenextdraft,andsoon.WillAIonedayoutperformhumanbeingsinthinking?Maybe,butfornow,wemustthinkforourselves.Likeanytool,GPTisanenemyofthinkingonlyifwefailtofindwaystomakeitourpartner.40．Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheban?A．Understandable.B．Irresponsible.C．Unwise.D．Necessary.41．WhyisitimpossibletobanChatGPTinpractice?A．Becausestudentsaredigitallyfluent.B．Becauseschoolswilldefendtheban.C．BecauseChatGPTwillkeepdeveloping.D．Becausepeopletreasurecriticalthinking.42．HowdoestheauthorexplainhisideainParagraph6?A．Byquotingothers.B．Bypresentingfacts.C．Bygivingexamples.D．Byshowingsimilarities.43．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．IsGPTaprocessoraresult?B．WillGPToutperformstudents?C．WhyChatbotsbecomeanewtrend?D．HowcanChatbotsserveeducation?Inthe17thcenturywhenaBritishbusinessmanheardthattherewereonehundredmillionpeopleinChina,hewasdeterminedtogothereandsellspoons.Hethoughtevenifhecouldearnonepennyforonespoon,hewouldstillmakealotofmoney.44Then,whydotheChinesepeopleusechopsticks?SomepeopledidresearchontheoriginofChina'schopsticks.OnetheoryisthatchopstickswereveryconvenientforChinesetousebecauseChinawasanagriculturalsociety,relyingmainlyonvegetablesforfood.Whenwesteamedorboiledfood,itwasdifficultforustousespoonstodipvegetablesinthesoup.45Westerners,ontheotherhand,travelledwiththeiranimalsfromplacetoplaceandlivedonmeat.Forthem,knivesandforksweremorepractical.Chopsticksreflectgentlenessandkindness,themainmoralteachingofConfucianism.46First,don'tuseittohitthesideofyourbowlorplatetomakenoises,becauseChinesepeoplethinkonlybeggarswoulddothistobegformeals.47Itmeansyoulaytheblameonothers.Also,don'tstickyourchopsticksuprightinthericebowl.Thatusuallyappearsatthefuneralsandisbelievedtobeimpolitetothehostandtheseniorswhoareatthetable.Today,chopstickshavebecomeatypicalpartofChineseculture,symbolisingthepowerofunity.48However,tenpairsofchopsticksrepresentstrength,whichmeanstheywon'tbreakoffinanycases.WeChinesepeopledrawonthisspirit,whichalwaysinspiresandencouragesustoworkhandinhandforabetterfuture.A．Asaresult,spoonsweredesignedandpreferredbyWesterners.B．Buttohissurprise,theChinesepeopleusechopsticks,notspoons.C．Therefore,Chinesepeoplecleverlyinventedchopstickstopickfood.D．Besides,neverpointatpeoplewithyourchopstickswhileusingthem.E．Indeed,onechopstickisuselessandsodelicatethatitcanbebrokenreadily.F．Sothesevirtueshavegraduallybecometherulespeoplefollowintheirdailylife.G．Therearesomerulesaboutusingchopsticksthatyoushouldpaygreatattentionto.五、其他閱讀題型（本大題共1小題）Formost12-year-olds,anyfreetimeafterschoolisspenthangingoutwithfriends,competinginsports,orplayingvideogames.ButAlejandroBuxtonhasanotherdream:makingall-naturalcandlesthathesellsonlineandatalocalmall.Theideawasinspiredbyhismother,whohadtogiveupmanyofthescentedcandlesshe’dfilledtheirhomewithafterrealizingthechemicalswithinthemwereworseningherallergies(過(guò)敏),causingherfrequentheadaches.So,in2019,atjust9yearsold,theboystartedexperimentingwithmakinghisown,mixingingredientslikesoyandcoconutwaxeswithessentialoils.Hecalledhisfirstwork“JurassicOrange,”foritscolorandpleasantsmell.Thoughhismotherwasabigfan,andthescentdidn'tcauseherheadtoache,Buxtonwantedtoimproveuponhiswork.Withinthenextfewmonths,he'ddevelopedalineofsixuniquelyscentedcandles.Bythefollowingyear,duringtheworldwidelockdowns,he'dcreatedhisownonlineshop.Soonafter,Alejandrobegansellinghisproductsonhisownwebsite,“SmellofLoveCandles,”whereshopperscanfindofferingswithcreativenameslike“SagetheDay!”and“Alexa,cleanthehouse.”Healsolistsotherproductssuchasroomspraysforsale.Accordingtothesite,hisyoungersisterValentinaservesasassistantofoperationswhilehismothertakestheroleofassistanttotheCEO.Now,heisoperatinghisbusinessinalocalmallaswell.ThispastSeptember,heopenedastandinD．C.'sTysonsCornershoppingcenter——makinghimtheyoungestleaseholder(承租人)atthemall.Besidesinspiringfellowkidswithhisentrepreneurialspiritandtalent,Alejandroisalsoapositiverolemodelforgivingbackandmakingadifference:Hedonatesapartofhisprofitstoalocalcharity.Withtheexperienceandknowledgehe'sgainingfromrunningthisbusinessatsuchayoungage,Alejandrohopestoonedaygoontocreateanengineeringbusiness.49．WhatisAlejandro'sdream?50．Whydidtheboycomeupwiththeidea?51．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.·Alejandroisasuccessfulbusinessmanbecausehebeganhiscandlebusinessandstartedanengineeringbusinessatayoungage.52．AmongAlejandro’squalities,whichonedoyouthinkwillbeimportantforyou?Why?(Inabout40words)六、書(shū)信寫(xiě)作（本大題共1小題）53．假如你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。第19屆杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)音樂(lè)作品征集活動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行，請(qǐng)你給英國(guó)好友Jim寫(xiě)郵件邀請(qǐng)他參加。內(nèi)容包括：1、活動(dòng)介紹;2、邀請(qǐng)參加。注意:1、詞數(shù)100左右;2、開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。提示詞:第19屆杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)the19thAsianGamesHangzhou組委會(huì)theorganizingcommitteeDearJim,Yours,LiHua

答案【正確答案】1．generous2．function3．beyond4．tryout5．decorate6．keeptrackof7．intelligent8．a(chǎn)daptto【詳解】1．考查形容詞。句意：你把你的書(shū)借給我真是太慷慨了。根據(jù)空前的“It's”，這里應(yīng)用形容詞，作表語(yǔ)。結(jié)合空后的“l(fā)endmeyourbook”，這里是說(shuō)你非常慷慨。generous意為“慷慨的”。故填generous。2．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這臺(tái)機(jī)器在寒冷的天氣里運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不好。根據(jù)空前的“doesn't”，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)空后的“well”，這里是說(shuō)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不好。function意為“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”，為不及物動(dòng)詞。故填function。3．考查介詞。句意:30年后，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)變得讓人認(rèn)不出來(lái)了。changebeyondrecognition意為“變得面目全非，滄海桑田”，為固定搭配。故beyond。4．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：任何有音樂(lè)天賦的人都可以參加比賽的選拔。根據(jù)空前的can，這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)空后的“forthecompetition”可知，這里表示參加比賽的選拔，tryoutfor意為“參加……的選拔(或試演)”。故填tryout。5．考查動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)重要的節(jié)日臨近時(shí)，我們會(huì)裝飾房子。根據(jù)句中的“importantfestivalsapproach”，重大節(jié)日到來(lái)時(shí)需要裝飾房子。decorate意為“裝飾”，為及物動(dòng)詞。故填decorate。6．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：每次我出去散步時(shí)，我都會(huì)使用這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序來(lái)記錄我的步數(shù)。根據(jù)空后的“mysteps”，這里是說(shuō)用應(yīng)用程序紀(jì)錄步數(shù)。keeptrackof意為“了解……的情況/動(dòng)態(tài)”。故填keeptrackof。7．考查形容詞。句意：要成為一名宇航員，你必須足夠聰明以便獲得相關(guān)的大學(xué)學(xué)位。根據(jù)空后的“getarelatedcollegedegree”，這里是說(shuō)要聰明到能夠獲得相關(guān)大學(xué)學(xué)位。intelligent意為“聰明的”。故填intelligent。8．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：科學(xué)家們擔(dān)心動(dòng)物很難適應(yīng)氣候變化。根據(jù)空后的“theclimatechange”，這里是說(shuō)適應(yīng)氣候變化。空前有不定式符號(hào)to，這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。adaptto意為“適應(yīng)”。故填adaptto?！菊_答案】9．energetic10．equipment11．unusual12．definitely【詳解】9．考查形容詞。句意：他經(jīng)常鍛煉，總是精力充沛。根據(jù)“Workingoutregularly”可知，此處是指總是精力充沛，名詞energy意為“精力”，此處應(yīng)用其形容詞形式energetic表示“精力充沛的”作表語(yǔ)。故填energetic。10．考查名詞。句意：沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)难b備，千萬(wàn)不要去爬山。根據(jù)“Nevergoclimbing”可知，此處是指沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)难b備，所以應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞equip“配備”的名詞形式equipment表示“設(shè)備”作賓語(yǔ)，不可數(shù)名詞。故填equipment。11．考查形容詞。句意：這個(gè)男孩的反常行為使醫(yī)生感到困惑。根據(jù)“puzzledthedoctor”可知，此處是指這個(gè)男孩的反常行為，所以應(yīng)用形容詞usual的反義詞unusual表示“反常的”作定語(yǔ)。故填unusual。12．考查名詞。句意：許多瀕危物種正面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“Manyendangeredspecies”可知，此處是指正面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)，形容詞extinct意為“滅絕的”，此處應(yīng)用其名詞形式extinction表示“滅絕”作賓語(yǔ)，不可數(shù)名詞。故填extinction。13．考查副詞。句意：那是一種令人驚嘆的氣氛————絕對(duì)是我經(jīng)歷過(guò)的最好的氣氛。根據(jù)“Itwasanamazingatmosphere”可知，此處是指絕對(duì)是“我”經(jīng)歷過(guò)的最好的氣氛，所以應(yīng)用形容詞definite“肯定的”的副詞形式definitely表示“絕對(duì)地”作狀語(yǔ)。故填definitely?！菊_答案】14．D15．A16．C17．D18．D19．A20．B21．C22．C23．B【詳解】14．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意；天氣太冷了，狗不能出去，它們?cè)谕饷娓墒裁?Awet濕的；Blate遲到的；Cwindy風(fēng)大的；Dcold寒冷的。根據(jù)前文“Itwassnowingsohard.(雪下得很大。)”可知，此處是指天氣太冷了。故選D。15．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:他向它們伸出雙手，它們沒(méi)有試圖逃跑。Areachedout伸出；Bspreadout展開(kāi)；Cgaveout分發(fā)；Dpushedout推出。根據(jù)“hishandstothem”可知，此處是指他向它們伸出雙手。故選A。16．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：格斯給這對(duì)狗拍了張照片，發(fā)給了他的妻子凱蒂·懷特。Ahanded遞；Btook拿走；Csent發(fā)送；Ddonated捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)“Gustookapictureofthepair”可知，此處是指把照片發(fā)給了他的妻子。故選C。17．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:然后他撥打了狗的身份牌上的號(hào)碼。Apolice警察；Bpassenger乘客；Cname名字；Dnumber號(hào)碼。根據(jù)后文“Amananswered.(一個(gè)男人接聽(tīng)了電話(huà)。)”可知，此處是指他撥打了狗的身份牌上的號(hào)碼。故選D。18．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：狗狗們?cè)谶@個(gè)世界上無(wú)家可歸了。Aimportant重要的；Bfearless無(wú)畏的；Cfriendly友好的；Dhomeless無(wú)家可歸的。根據(jù)前文“Igavethosedogsaway(狗我不要了)”可知，此處是指狗狗們?cè)谶@個(gè)世界上無(wú)家可歸了。故選D。19．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)格斯還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他就夢(mèng)想著養(yǎng)狗，但不可能養(yǎng)這兩只狗————懷特家已經(jīng)有了一只狗。Akeeping養(yǎng)；Bcuring治愈；Cattending出席；Dtraining訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)“theWhitesalreadyhadafamilydog”可知，此處是指不可能養(yǎng)這兩只狗。故選A。20．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，他們把狗送到收容所，但有一個(gè)條件。Ashop商店；Bshelter收容所；Cpark公園；Dstreet街。根據(jù)后文“Inthedaysfollowing,Katiephonedtheshelter”可知，此處是指他們把狗送到收容所。故選B。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果你們要把狗分開(kāi)，我不會(huì)把它們交給你們的?！眲P蒂說(shuō)。Aleave離開(kāi)；Badopt采用Cseparate分開(kāi)；Dtreat接待。根據(jù)后文“Theshelterworkerspromisedherthey’dkeepthecoupletogether.(收容所的工作人員向她保證，他們會(huì)讓這對(duì)狗在一起。)”可知，此處是指凱蒂讓工作人員保證不把這對(duì)狗分開(kāi)。故選C。22．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的幾天里，凱蒂不斷給收容所打電話(huà)，詢(xún)問(wèn)佩珀和庫(kù)珀的情況。Aunwillingly不情愿地；Bcasually隨意地；Crepeatedly不斷地；Dhardly幾乎不。根據(jù)“Inthedaysfollowing”可知，此處是指凱蒂不斷給收容所打電話(huà)。故選C。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的故事，但它道出了我們本性中最美好的一面。Apower力量；Bnature本性；Cknowledge知識(shí)；Dworth價(jià)值。根據(jù)“itspeakstothebestofour”可知，此處是指故事道出了我們本性中最美好的一面。故選B。【正確答案】24．who/that25．tomake26．from27．hasbecome【詳解】24．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：2009年，惠塔克收到了一段視頻，視頻中有一個(gè)女孩在唱他的一首作品。在定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞為girl，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who或that。故填who/that。25．考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：受此啟發(fā)，他讓他的粉絲制作視頻，然后他將這些視頻拼接成一場(chǎng)表演。asksbtodo意為“要求某人做某事”，此處用todo不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填tomake。26．考查介詞。句意：他的第一個(gè)虛擬合唱團(tuán)有來(lái)自12個(gè)不同國(guó)家的185名歌手。根據(jù)“12differentcountries”可知，此處是指來(lái)自12個(gè)不同國(guó)家，所以應(yīng)用介詞from表示“來(lái)自”。故填from。27．考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和主謂一致。句意：從那時(shí)起，虛擬合唱團(tuán)已經(jīng)成為一種全球現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)sincethen可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。故填hasbecome?！菊_答案】28．wasclosed29．Thinking30．riding【詳解】28．考查主謂一致、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：1941年，林醫(yī)生成為有史以來(lái)第一位被任命為北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院婦產(chǎn)科主任的中國(guó)女性，但僅僅幾個(gè)月后，該科因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而關(guān)閉?？仗巄ut作后面分句的謂語(yǔ)。close意為“停業(yè)，關(guān)閉”時(shí)既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞。作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，close和thedepartment之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“In1941”可知，這里應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填wasclosed。29．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：想到所有仍然需要幫助的人，林醫(yī)生開(kāi)了一家私人診所。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。think和邏輯主語(yǔ)DrLin之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式，作原因狀語(yǔ)。故填Thinking。30．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有時(shí)甚至有人看到她騎著驢子去遙遠(yuǎn)的村莊提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)。seesb.dosth.意為“看到某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示看到動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，其被動(dòng)形式為sb.beseentodosth.，不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；seesb.doingsth.意為“看到某人正在做某事”，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示看到動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，其被動(dòng)形式為sb.beseendoingsth.，現(xiàn)在分詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，這里是說(shuō)看到她當(dāng)時(shí)騎著驢子的瞬間，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填riding?！菊_答案】31．celebrated32．falls33．racing【詳解】31．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：端午節(jié)是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，今天很多人都在慶祝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，謂語(yǔ)是is，所以空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。邏輯主語(yǔ)atraditionalChineseholiday和celebrate之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)。故填celebrated。32．考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：它正好在農(nóng)歷五月初五。fall意為“發(fā)生”，為不及物動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，on...on...意為“適逢某時(shí)”。主語(yǔ)為It，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。這里陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填falls。33．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這里有許多活動(dòng)和習(xí)俗，例如賽龍舟。suchas“例如”后跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞等。race意為“使比賽”，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是人，二者之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的一般式。故填racing?！菊_答案】34．B35．A36．D【詳解】34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Outdooractivities”下面的“Forexample,theWoodlandTrustishostingatreeplantingeventatYonderOakWood,nearExmouthinDevon.(例如，伍德蘭信托基金會(huì)正在德文郡埃克斯茅斯附近的YonderOakWood舉辦植樹(shù)活動(dòng))”可知，植樹(shù)活動(dòng)會(huì)在YonderOakWood舉辦。故選B。35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Arts,craftsandmuseums”下面的“ForLondonersorthosevisitingthecapitalduringtheholiday,theSouthbankCentreishostingtheImagineChildren’sFestival(until18July),wheremanyeventsarefree,includinghip-hopdanceworkshops,andlivemusicshows.(對(duì)于倫敦人或假期期間參觀首都的人，南岸中心將舉辦想象兒童節(jié)，一直持續(xù)到7月18日，許多活動(dòng)都是免費(fèi)的，包括街舞講習(xí)班和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂(lè)表演)”可知，在ImagineChildren'sFestival可以上舞蹈課。故選A。36．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首句“Familydaysoutcanbeexpensivebutit'spossibletosticktoabudgetduringthesummerholidaysbytakingadvantageofthefollowingactivities.(家庭出游可能會(huì)很昂貴，但在暑假期間，可以通過(guò)以下活動(dòng)來(lái)堅(jiān)持預(yù)算)”可知，本文主要是介紹了可以省錢(qián)的家庭旅游活動(dòng)，由此可推測(cè)出，這篇文章是為家長(zhǎng)而準(zhǔn)備的。故選D?！菊_答案】37．B38．C39．B【詳解】37．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段前五句“Hibernationisnotjustsleep.Whilewesleep,ourbrainsfireupandbecomehighlyactive;inhibernation,onthecontrary,brainactivitycompletelyslowsdown.Thebodytemperatureofhibernatinganimalsalsodrops,insomecasesclosetothefreezingpoint.Cells(細(xì)胞)stopdividingandheartratedecreasestotwobeatsperminute.Yet,onceit'stimetowakeup,hibernatinganimalscomebacktolifewithoutanysignificantsideeffectslikefreezing,muscleloss，orlossofbonedensityduringthelongwintermonths.(冬眠不僅僅是睡覺(jué)。當(dāng)我們睡覺(jué)時(shí)，我們的大腦興奮起來(lái)，變得高度活躍；相反，在冬眠中，大腦活動(dòng)完全減慢。冬眠動(dòng)物的體溫也會(huì)下降，在某些情況下接近冰點(diǎn)。細(xì)胞停止分裂，心率下降到每分鐘兩次。然而，一旦醒來(lái)，冬眠的動(dòng)物就會(huì)恢復(fù)活力，沒(méi)有任何明顯的副作用，比如在漫長(zhǎng)的冬季里凍死、肌肉損失或骨密度損失)”可知，第一段主要是講冬眠的獨(dú)特特點(diǎn)。故選B。38．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“yettheywouldwakeupwiththeirbonesandmusclesinamuchbetterconditionthan(然而，當(dāng)他們醒來(lái)時(shí)，他們的骨骼和肌肉狀況要比……好得多)”和awake(醒著的)可知，此處是指進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)的宇航員在醒來(lái)時(shí)會(huì)比他們醒著的同伴的骨骼和肌肉狀況好得多，所以counterparts是指“宇航員”。故選C。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Scientistsarethereforelookingintohibernationresearchwiththeaimofdevelopingwaystocausehibernationinfutureceastronauts.(因此，科學(xué)家們正在進(jìn)行冬眠研究，目的是找到讓未來(lái)的太空宇航員冬眠的方法)”和倒第二段“Thestateofhibernationcouldalsohelpinthemedicalsettingtohelpprotectpatientssufferingfromlife-threateningconditionssuchasheartattacksandstrokes.(在醫(yī)療環(huán)境中，冬眠狀態(tài)也可以幫助保護(hù)那些患有心臟病和中風(fēng)等危及生命的疾病的病人)”可推知，在未來(lái)的研究中，科學(xué)家可能會(huì)想辦法讓人們進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)。故選B。【正確答案】40．C41．A42．B43．B【詳解】40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Banningsuchuseoftechnologyfromtheclassroomisanearsightedresponse.Instead,wemustfindawayforwardinwhichsuchtechnologiescombinewellwith,ratherthanreplace,studentthinking.(禁止在課堂上使用這種技術(shù)是一種目光短淺的反應(yīng)。相反，我們必須找到一條前進(jìn)的道路，讓這些技術(shù)與學(xué)生的思維很好地結(jié)合在一起，而不是取代學(xué)生的思維。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這一禁令很不明智。故選C。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Studentswillfindwaysaroundtheban,whichwillcauseafurtherdefensiveresponsefromteachersandadministrators,andsoon.(學(xué)生們會(huì)找到繞開(kāi)禁令的方法，這將引起教師和管理人員進(jìn)一步的防御性反應(yīng)，等等。)”可知，不可能在實(shí)踐中禁止ChatGPT是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生們對(duì)數(shù)字技術(shù)很精通。故選A。42．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段最后五句“GPToftengeneratestextthatisfluentand“reasonable”——butwrong.Sousingitrequiresthesamementalheavyliftingthatwritingdoes:forminganopinion,creatinganoutline,pickingwhichpointstoexplainandwhichtodrop,andlookingforsupportingfacts.GPTcanhelpwiththosetasks,butitcan'tputthemalltogether.Writingagoodessaystillrequireslotsofhumanthoughtandwork.Indeed,writingisthinking,andgoodwritingisgoodthinking.(GPT通常生成流暢且“合理”的文本，但卻是錯(cuò)誤的。因此，使用它需要和寫(xiě)作一樣的腦力勞動(dòng)：形成觀點(diǎn)，創(chuàng)建大綱，選擇要解釋哪些要點(diǎn)，哪些要點(diǎn)要放棄，尋找支持事實(shí)。GPT可以幫助完成這些任務(wù)，但它不能把它們放在一起。寫(xiě)一篇好文章仍然需要很多人的思考和工作。的確，寫(xiě)作就是思考，好的寫(xiě)作就是好的思考。)”可知，作者通過(guò)陳述事實(shí)來(lái)解釋他的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。43．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Willchatbotsthatcangeneratefascinatingarticlesdestroyeducationasweknowit?(聊天機(jī)器人是否會(huì)像我們所知道的那樣摧毀教育?)”和最后一段“WillAIonedayoutperformhumanbeingsinthinking?Maybe,butfornow,wemustthinkforourselves.Likeanytool,GPTisanenemyofthinkingonlyifwefailtofindwaystomakeitourpartner.(人工智能有一天會(huì)超越人類(lèi)的思維能力嗎?也許吧，但現(xiàn)在，我們必須為自己考慮。像任何工具一樣，只有當(dāng)我們找不到方法讓它成為我們的伙伴時(shí)，GPT才是思考的敵人。)”可知，文章主要是講人工智能是否有一天會(huì)超越人類(lèi)的思維能力從而摧毀教育。故選B?！菊_答案】44．B45．C46．F47．D48．E【詳解】44．根據(jù)前文“Inthe17thcenturywhenaBritishbusinessmanheardthattherewereonehundredmillionpeopleinChina,hewasdeterminedtogothereandsellspoons.Hethoughtevenifhecouldearnonepennyforonespoon,hewouldstillmakealotofmoney.(17世紀(jì)，一位英國(guó)商人聽(tīng)說(shuō)中國(guó)有一億人口，就下決心去中國(guó)賣(mài)勺子。他想，即使一個(gè)勺子能掙一分錢(qián)，他也會(huì)賺很多錢(qián)。)”可知，后文應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)該事情的結(jié)果。B選項(xiàng)“Buttohissurprise,theChinesepeopleuse