Unit1知識點 人教版英語八年級下冊

Unit1What'sthematter?1.what'sthematter?怎么了？（通常與with連用）類似的詢問“某人/某物怎么了”的句型What'sup?What'swrong(withyou)?What'syourtrouble?What'sthetroublewithyou?注意：此句型不能直接用Yes/No來回答，而應視具體情況來回答eg:-What'sthematte？-Ihaveaheadache.用此類句型時,matter前需加the,trouble前可加the/形容詞性物主代詞,wrong前不加任何修飾詞（matter和trouble在此類句型中作名詞，而wrong用作形容詞）2.Ihaveacoldhave:得了...(病)(可與get/catch互換)注意：haveacold為固定搭配，此時a不能用the代替也不能去掉eg:Shehas/gets/catchesatoothache.患病類短語：①havea(n)+疾病名稱eg:haveacold患感冒haveafever發(fā)燒haveacough咳嗽②havea(n)+身體部位-acheeg:haveaheadache頭痛haveastomachache胃痛haveabackache背痛haveaheartache心痛haveanearache耳朵痛haveatoothache牙痛③have+a+sore+身體部位eg:haveasoreback背疼haveasorethroat喉嚨疼注意：havetheflu患流感練習題：1.Youdon'tlookwell._____withyou?Ihaveafeverandcan'tstopcoughing.A.What'shappeningB.WhatisitC.What'sonD.What'sthematter2.What's_____matterwithyou?Ihave____fever.A.an;theB.the;/C.the;a3.liedownandrestlie:(v)躺(lyinglay)lie的多種詞義：①(v)躺；位于(lay-lainlying)eg:Sheisverytiredandsheshouldliedown.②(v)說謊(lied-liedlying)eg:Don'tbelieveher!Sheislying.③(可數(shù)n)謊言eg:Heoftentellslies,soheisabadboy.與down相關的短語：liedown躺下falldown跌倒writedown寫下putdown放下breakdown損壞；破裂；分解takedown記下letdown使失望blowdown吹倒練習題：根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞。1.Afteralongday,Tom____downonthebedandwenttosleep.2.Lastnight,wesawadog_____onthegroundandwewereveryafraid.A.liesB.tolieC.liedD.lying4.Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.getoff下車(反義短語:geton上車)與get相關的短語：getusedto習慣于getout離開；出去getin進入getinto進入；陷入getback回來;恢復geton上車；相處getoutof逃避；避免getaway脫身；逃脫getover克服getalongwith與...相處練習題：1.Itookthesubwayand______atthedowntownstation.A.gotthroughB.gotoverC.gotonD.gotoff2.Howsoonwillyourfatherbeback?Hewill______inonemonth.A.getbackB.getoverC.getinD.getinto5.It'ssadthatmanypeopledon'twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon'twantanytrouble.trouble(不可數(shù)n)麻煩；苦惱；困難常用短語：getintotrouble陷入困境beintrouble處于困境getotrouble使某人陷入困境常見搭配：havetroublewithsth.在某事方面有困難havetrouble(in)doingsth.在做某事方面有苦難同義搭配：haveproblemswith/(in)doingsth.havedifficultywith/(in)doingsth.trouble(vt)麻煩；使苦惱eg:Don'ttroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.練習題：1.Sallyismybestfriend.SheisalwaystherewheneverI'm____.Yeah.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.A.inorderB.introubleC.inpublicD.indanger2.她在學習數(shù)學方面有困難。(trouble)Shehas_______in______math.6.Someonegothitonthehead.hit(v)(用手或器具)擊；打“打某人的某個部位”的結構為：動詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體部位名詞(in用于涉及身體表面較軟或較空的部位；on用于身體較硬的部位)eg:hitsb.intheface(eye,mouth,stomach...)hitsb.onthehead(nose,back,chest...)練習題：1.Itsnowedheavilylastnight,soacar____atreebyaccidentamomentago.A.hitedB.hitC.hurtD.hurted2.He＿＿theboy____hishead.A.hit;inB.hited;onC.hit;onD.hited;in7.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.beusedtodoingsth.習慣于做某事(to是介詞)歸納：以to結尾，后接doing形式的短語有：lookforwardto盼望payattentionto注意；重視makecontributionto做貢獻辨析：beusedtodoing,beusedtodo,beusedfordoing與usedtodobeusedtodoing:習慣于做(同義短語：getusedtodoing)eg:Theyareusedtolivinginthecountryside.beusedtodo:被用來做(表示被動關系)eg:Thewoodisusedtomakepaper.beusedfordoing:被用來做某事(強調(diào)用途)eg:Thewoodisusedformakingpaper.usedtodo:過去常常做某事(只用于過去時態(tài))eg:Sheusedtoplayping-pong.risk:(可數(shù)n)危險；風險risk的相關短語:takerisks冒險(takearisk)atrisk在危險中attheriskofdoingsth.冒著...的危險risk:(v)冒險(接n/doing形式)eg:Heriskshislifetosaveher.Heriskssavingherlife.練習題：1.Jennyusedto_____towork,butnowsheisusedto_____,becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.A.drive;walkingB.drive;walkC.driving;walkD.driving;walking2.Youdon'tdoanyrunning,doyou?No,I_____,butnowI_____climbingmountainstokeepfit.A.usedto;amusedtoB.amusedto;usedtoC.wasusedto;usedtoD.usedto;usedto8.Aron'sarmwascaughtundera360-kilorock...whenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains.360-kilo:是由“數(shù)詞+名詞”構成的復合形容詞(數(shù)詞、名詞之間有連字符；名詞用單數(shù)形式)eg:600-wordletter600字的信10-year-oldboy10歲的男孩拓展：atwo-monthholiday=atwomonths'holiday兩個月的假期ten-minutewalk/ride/drive=tenminutes'walk/ride/drive步行/騎車/開車10分鐘的路程byoneself獨自地；單獨地(相當于alone)eg:Thestudentsshoulddotheirhomebythemselves.含有反身代詞的短語：hurtoneself傷了自己teachoneself自學enjoyoneself玩得愉快foroneself為自己lookafteroneself照顧自己helponeself請隨便(吃/喝)leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨留下練習題：1.HaveyouheardaboutZhangjiajieGlassFootbridge?Ofcourse,it'sbuiltovera________canyonintheZhangjiajieNationalForestPark.A.300-meter-deepB.300-meters-deepC.300meterdeepD.300-metersdeep2.Sheistoobusytohelpusfinishthework.Let'sdoit_______.A.herselfB.myselfC.itselfD.ourselves9.Butwhenhiswaterrunout...runout：(vi)用完；用盡(無被動語態(tài))辨析：runout與runoutofrunout：其主語通常為表示時間、食物、金錢等的名詞eg:Mymoneyrunsout.runoutof:其主語一般是人(相當于useup)還可意為：從...中跑出來eg:Hehasrunoutofthefood,sohehastobuysome.Thedogranoutoftheroom.練習題：1.Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillnever______.A.lookoutB.comeoutC.runoutD.stayout根據(jù)句意及所給單詞完成句子Tom用完了他的零用錢。(run)Tom____________hispocketmoney.10.Soheusedhieknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.與cut相關的短語：cutaway切掉；減掉cutup切碎cutoff切斷；中斷cutdown砍倒；削減cutin插嘴cutout剪去；刪掉cutintohalves切為兩半cutintopieces切成碎塊練習題：1.I'msorryto____onyou,butthereareoneortwothingsIdon'tunderstand.Itdoesn'tmatter.A.cutdownB.cutoutC.cutinD.cutoff解析：cutdown砍倒；減少cutout刪除cutin插嘴；打斷cutoff切掉；切斷11.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.getoutof擺脫mean:(v)打算；意欲(meant)其用法：①meantodosth.打算做某事eg:Shemeanstogotomorrow.②meandoingsth.意味著做某事eg:Theoffermeanssucceedinginsomething.③mean+從句打算、意思是eg:Itmeansthatitisgoingtorain.練習題：1.Whatisthe____ofthesign?It____“Noparking”.A.means;meaningB.meaning;meaningC.meaning;meansD.means;means12Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone'slife.importance(n)重要性；重要theimportanceof(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性eg:Youshouldknowtheimportanceof(studying)English.important(adj)重要的unimportant(adj)不重要的decision(可數(shù)n)決定；抉擇常用結構：makeadecisiontodosth.=makedecisionstodosth.決定做某事相當于:decidetodosth.eg:Hemakesadecisiontobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup.Hedecidestobeadoctor