Unit+2+Science+Fiction+單詞講義 高中英語冀教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

unit2單詞講義breast詞性：名詞中文意思：胸部；乳房英文釋義：thefrontupperpartofawoman'sbodybetweentheneckandthewaist,wherethechestis詞源：來自古英語brest，意為“胸部”例句：Shehadalumpinherbreast.固定搭配：breastcancer（乳腺癌）近義詞：chest,bosomqualification詞性：名詞中文意思：資格；條件；限制英文釋義：aperson'sabilityorqualitiesthatmakethemsuitableforaparticularjoboractivity詞源：來自拉丁語qualificatio，意為“使有資格”例句：Hehasthenecessaryqualificationsforthejob.固定搭配：educationalqualifications（教育資格）近義詞：certification,proficiency,competencedirectory詞性：名詞中文意思：目錄；名錄；指南英文釋義：alistofnames,addresses,telephonenumbers,etc.arrangedinalphabeticalorder詞源：來自拉丁語directorium，意為“指導”例句：Ifoundhisphonenumberinthedirectory.固定搭配：businessdirectory（商業(yè)名錄）近義詞：list,index,guidebooksatellite詞性：名詞中文意思：衛(wèi)星；人造衛(wèi)星；衛(wèi)星國家英文釋義：anobjectthatorbitsaroundaplanetorastarandissmallerthantheplanetorstaritorbits詞源：來自拉丁語satelles，意為“小的物體”例句：Thesatellitewillbelaunchednextmonth.固定搭配：satellitecommunication（衛(wèi)星通信）近義詞：moon,artificialsatellite,satellitestateorbit詞性：動詞/名詞中文意思：繞軌道運行；軌道；勢力范圍英文釋義：tomovearound(aplanetorstar)inacurvedpath;thecurvedpaththatanobjectmovesinaroundanotherobjectinspace詞源：來自拉丁語orbita，意為“軌道”例句：Themoonorbitsaroundtheearth.（月亮繞地球運行。）chest詞性：名詞中文意思：胸部，胸腔英文釋義：thefrontpartofthebodybetweentheneckandtheabdomen,containingtheheartandlungs詞源：來自古英語"ceast"，意為“箱子”或“柜子”，因為胸部的形狀類似于一個箱子。例句：Hehadapaininhischest.（他胸部疼痛。）固定搭配：chestofdrawers（抽屜柜），chestX-ray（胸部X光片），chestnut（栗子）近義詞：breast,thoraxdevice詞性：名詞中文意思：設(shè)備，裝置英文釋義：apieceofequipmentormachinerythatisusedforaparticularpurpose詞源：來自拉丁語"device"，意為“設(shè)計”或“計劃”。例句：Thedeviceisusedtomeasuretemperature.（這個裝置用于測量溫度。）固定搭配：technologydevice（技術(shù)設(shè)備），securitydevice（安全設(shè)備），medicaldevice（醫(yī)療設(shè)備）近義詞：apparatus,instrument,toolsuit詞性：名詞/動詞中文意思：套裝，訴訟，適合英文釋義：asetofclothesmadetomatch,especiallyajacketandtrousersworntogether；alegalactionagainstsomeone；tobeappropriateorsuitableforsomeoneorsomething詞源：來自古法語"esuit"，意為“裝備”或“衣物”。例句：Heworeadarkbluesuittothejobinterview.（他穿著深藍色的西裝去參加面試。）固定搭配：businesssuit（商務(wù)套裝），lawsuit（訴訟），suitup（穿上套裝）近義詞：outfit,attire,clothingthreat詞性：名詞中文意思：威脅，恐嚇英文釋義：anexpressionofanintentiontocauseharmorpaintosomeoneorsomething；awarningthatsomethingbadmighthappen詞源：來自古英語"thretan"，意為“嚇?！被颉巴{”。例句：Theterroristgroupissuedathreattoattackthecity.（恐怖組織發(fā)出襲擊該市的威脅。）固定搭配：threatlevel（威脅級別），nuclearthreat（核威脅），threatassessment（威脅評估）近義詞：menace,danger,riskintense詞性：形容詞中文意思：強烈的，激烈的，熱情的英文釋義：havingastrongeffectorinfluence；extremelysevereorconcentrated；showinggreatenthusiasmoremotion詞源：來自拉丁語"intentus"，意為“緊張的”或“專注的”。例句：Shehasanintenseinterestinart.（她對藝術(shù)有著濃厚的興趣。）固定搭配：intenseheat（酷熱），intenseworkout（高強度訓練），intensegaze（凝視）近義詞：fierce,passionate,ferventsneeze：詞性：動詞中文意思：打噴嚏英文釋義：toexpelairforciblyandsuddenlyfromthenoseandmouth,usuallyasareflexactioninresponsetoirritationofthenoseorthroat詞源：來自古英語的snītan，意為“打噴嚏”例句：Shegavealoudsneezethatechoedthroughtheroom.固定搭配：sneezeat（對某事不屑一顧）近義詞：hiccup,snortradiation：詞性：名詞中文意思：輻射，放射物英文釋義：theemissionortransmissionofenergyintheformofwavesorparticles詞源：來自拉丁語的radiātiō，意為“發(fā)光，照耀”例句：TheradiationfromthesunisessentialforlifeonEarth.固定搭配：radiationtherapy（放射治療）近義詞：beam,emissiongarlic：詞性：名詞中文意思：大蒜英文釋義：apungent-smellingbulbousplantwithastrongtaste,usedincooking詞源：來自拉丁語的Allium，意為“蒜屬植物”例句：Ilovegarlicinmypastadishes.固定搭配：garlicbread（大蒜面包）近義詞：bulb,onioncapsule：詞性：名詞中文意思：膠囊，容器英文釋義：asmallcylindricalcontainermadeofplasticorpaper,usedforholdingmedicineorothersubstances詞源：來自拉丁語的capsula，意為“小盒子”例句：Shetooktwocapsulesofibuprofenafterherworkout.固定搭配：softcapsule（軟膠囊）近義詞：container,pillboxuniform：詞性：名詞/形容詞中文意思：制服，一致的，相同的英文釋義：asetofclotheswornbymembersofagroup,organization,orprofession;havingaconsistentappearanceorstyle詞源：來自拉丁語的uniformis，意為“統(tǒng)一的”例句：Thesoldierswerewearingtheiruniforms.固定搭配：schooluniform（校服）近義詞：attire,outfitwool(n.)中文意思：羊毛英文釋義：thesoftthickhairthatcoversthebodyofsheepandotheranimals詞源：來自古英語wulf，意為“羊毛”例句：Sheworeawoolcoattokeepwarminthewinter.固定搭配：woolfabric（羊毛織物），woolensweater（羊毛衫）近義詞：fleece,furfabric(n.)中文意思：織物；結(jié)構(gòu)；構(gòu)造英文釋義：amaterialmadebyweavingorknittingfibers,yarns,orthreadstogether詞源：來自拉丁語fabrica，意為“制造，構(gòu)造”例句：Thedressismadeofsilkfabric.固定搭配：fabricsoftener（織物柔軟劑），cottonfabric（棉織物）近義詞：textile,materialbackward(adj.)中文意思：向后的；落后的；退步的英文釋義：movingorfacingbackward;notmodernoradvanced詞源：來自古英語b?cwāre，意為“向后的”例句：Hetookastepbackwardwhenhesawthesnake.固定搭配：backwardglance（向后瞥一眼），backwardcountry（落后的國家）近義詞：retrograde,outdatedwaist(n.)中文意思：腰，腰部英文釋義：thepartofthebodybetweentheribsandthehips詞源：來自古英語w?sc，意為“腰帶”例句：Shetiedherskirtatthewaist.固定搭配：waistline（腰線），waistband（腰帶）近義詞：torso,midriffduration(n.)中文意思：持續(xù)時間；期間英文釋義：thelengthoftimesomethinglastsorcontinues詞源：來自拉丁語durare，意為“持續(xù)”例句：Thedurationofthemovieistwohours.固定搭配：durationofstay（停留時間），lifeduration（壽命）近義詞：period,lengthclue詞性：名詞中文意思：線索，提示英文釋義：apieceofinformationorevidencethathelpstosolveaproblemormystery詞源：來自拉丁語"cluere"，意為“關(guān)閉”或“封閉”，因為線索可以解開謎團。例句：Thedetectivefoundacluethatledhimtothemurderer.（偵探找到了一條線索，指向了兇手。）固定搭配：clueless（無線索的，一無所知的），cluein（提供線索，告知秘密），clueto（關(guān)于……的線索）近義詞：hint,indication,suggestionclone詞性：動詞/名詞中文意思：克隆，復制英文釋義：tomakeanexactcopyofsomethingorsomeoneusingcellsfromthatthingorperson詞源：來自希臘語"klon"，意為“枝干”或“嫩枝”，因為克隆是通過細胞分裂產(chǎn)生的。例句：Scientistshavesuccessfullyclonedsheep.（科學家已經(jīng)成功克隆了羊。）固定搭配：clonetechnology（克隆技術(shù)），cloneorgans（克隆器官），cloneexperiment（克隆實驗）近義詞：duplicate,replicate,reproducechoke詞性：動詞中文意思：窒息，噎住英文釋義：tobeunabletobreatheproperlybecausesomethingisblockingyourthroatorairway詞源：來自古英語"cnawan"，意為“窒息”。例句：Shealmostchokedonapieceofmeat.（她差點被一塊肉噎住。）固定搭配：chokebacktears（強忍住眼淚），chokeup（激動得說不出話來），chokeoff（切斷，阻止）近義詞：strangle,asphyxiate,suffocateexposure詞性：名詞中文意思：暴露，曝光英文釋義：thestateofbeingexposedtosomething,especiallyharmfulsubstancesordangeroussituations詞源：來自中古英語"exposicioun"，意為“揭露，顯露”。例句：Thepatient'sexposuretoradiationwasminimal.（患者暴露在輻射下的時間非常短。）固定搭配：exposuretherapy（暴露療法），exposurerisk（暴露風險），exposurelevel（曝光水平）近義詞：disclosure,revelation,unveilingmicroscope詞性：名詞中文意思：顯微鏡英文釋義：aninstrumentusedformakingverysmallobjectsappearlargersothattheycanbeseenmoreclearly詞源：來自希臘語"mikros"，意為“小”，加上"skopein"，意為“看”，合起來表示“看小東西的工具”。例句：Thescientistusedamicroscopetoexaminethespecimenunderhighmagnification.（科學家使用顯微鏡在高倍鏡下觀察標本。）固定搭配：opticalmicroscope（光學顯微鏡），electronmicroscope（電子顯微鏡），compoundmicroscope（復合顯微鏡）damp詞性：形容詞中文意思：潮濕的，有濕氣的英文釋義：slightlywetorcoveredinmoisture詞源：來自古英語的dampian，意為“吸濕”例句：Thegroundwasdampaftertherain.固定搭配：dampcloth,dampweather,damproom近義詞：humid,moist,soggytowel詞性：名詞中文意思：毛巾英文釋義：apieceofabsorbentclothorpaperusedfordryingoneselforwipingthingsdry詞源：來自拉丁語的tovarium，意為“小布”例句：Shedriedherhandswithatowel.固定搭配：bathtowel,handtowel,beachtowel近義詞：towelette,rag,clothforehead詞性：名詞中文意思：額頭英文釋義：thefrontpartoftheheadabovetheeyesandbelowthehairline詞源：來自古英語的foreheafod，意為“前額”例句：Shehadaheadacheandrubbedherforehead.固定搭配：foreheadwrinkles,sweatonforehead,highforehead近義詞：brow,browline,templepessimistic詞性：形容詞中文意思：悲觀的，消極的英文釋義：believingthatbadthingswillhappenorarelikelytohappen詞源：來自希臘語的pōsimos，意為“最壞的”和istikos，意為“觀照”或“判斷”例句：Heisalwayspessimisticabouthisfuture.固定搭配：pessimisticoutlook,pessimisticattitude,pessimisticview近義詞：dismal,gloomy,negativeemergency詞性：名詞中文意思：緊急情況，突發(fā)事件英文釋義：aseriousunexpectedeventthatneedsimmediateactiontodealwithit詞源：來自拉丁語的emergere，意為“出現(xiàn)”或“冒出”例句：Thehospitalhasanemergencydepartmentfortreatingemergencies.固定搭配：emergencyroom,emergencykit,emergencyplan近義詞：crisis,disaster,urgencybackup：詞性：名詞、動詞中文意思：備份，支持英文釋義：1.acopyofcomputerfilesorprogramsthatcanbeusediftheoriginalsarelostordamaged2.tosupportorhelpsomeoneorsomething詞源：來自美國英語，由“back”和“up”組成，表示“向后”和“向上”，引申為“支持”和“備份”。例句：Ialwaysmakeabackupofmyimportantfiles.（我總是備份我的重要文件。）固定搭配：databackup（數(shù)據(jù)備份）、backupplan（備份計劃）、inbackup（作為后備）近義詞：support,reinforcementsolar：詞性：形容詞中文意思：太陽的，太陽能的英文釋義：relatingtothesunoritsenergy詞源：來自拉丁語“solare”，意為“陽光的”。例句：Thesolarpanelsgenerateelectricityfromsunlight.（太陽能電池板從陽光中產(chǎn)生電能。）固定搭配：solarenergy（太陽能）、solarsystem（太陽系）、solarpower（太陽能）近義詞：sun-powered,heliocentricpretend：詞性：動詞中文意思：假裝，偽裝英文釋義：togiveafalseimpressionof;tomakebelieve詞源：來自古法語“prétendre”，意為“主張，聲稱”。例句：Shepretendedtobeasleepwhenhermothercameintotheroom.（她假裝在睡覺，當她媽媽走進房間時。）固定搭配：pretendtodosomething（假裝做某事）、pretendnottoknow（假裝不知道）、pretendfriend（假朋友）近義詞：feign,simulate,shamconvince：詞性：動詞中文意思：使確信，說服英文釋義：tomakesomeonefeelcertainaboutsomethingorpersuadethemtodosomething詞源：來自拉丁語“convinciare”，意為“使確信”。例句：Heconvincedmetogotothepartywithhim.（他說服我和他一起去參加派對。）固定搭配：convincesomeoneofsomething（使某人相信某事）、beconvinced（被說服）、convinceoneself（使自己相信）近義詞：persuade,convince,winovershadow：詞性：名詞、動詞中文意思：陰影，影子；跟蹤，尾隨英文釋義：1.adarkshapeproducedbyanobjectblockingraysoflight2.tofollowcloselybehindsomeoneorsomethinginordertowatchthemsecretly詞源：來自古英語“scede”，意為“跟隨”。例句：Thetreecastashadowontheground.（樹在地上投下了陰影。）leather詞性：名詞中文意思：皮革英文釋義：amaterialmadefromtheskinofanimals,usedformakingclothes,shoes,bagsetc.詞源：來自古英語"leactra"，意為“皮膚”或“皮革”。例句：Heboughtanewleatherjacketyesterday.固定搭配：leathergloves,leathershoes,leatherbag近義詞：hide,peltcomparison詞性：名詞中文意思：比較，對比英文釋義：theactofcomparingtwoormorethings詞源：來自拉丁語"comparare"，意為“比較”。例句：Incomparisonwithlastyear,oursaleshaveincreasedby20%.固定搭配：makeacomparison,incomparisonto,beyondcomparison近義詞：contrast,evaluationfinding詞性：名詞中文意思：發(fā)現(xiàn)，調(diào)查結(jié)果英文釋義：somethingthatisdiscoveredorlearned,especiallyastheresultofaninvestigationorstudy詞源：來自古英語"findan"，意為“找到”或“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。例句：Thefindingsoftheresearchwerepublishedinascientificjournal.固定搭配：scientificfindings,groundbreakingfindings,importantfindings近義詞：discovery,result,conclusioncrisis詞性：名詞中文意思：危機，緊要關(guān)頭英文釋義：atimeofgreatdifficultyordanger,whenadifficultsituationmustbedealtwithquicklyandeffectively詞源：來自希臘語"krisis"，意為“決定”或“選擇”。例句：Thecompanyisfacingafinancialcrisis.固定搭配：economiccrisis,financialcrisis,globalcrisis近義詞：crisispoint,emergency,disastermonitor詞性：動詞/名詞中文意思：監(jiān)控，監(jiān)視；顯示器英文釋義：verb:towatchcarefullyandcontrol;noun:adevicethatshowsinformationorimagesfromacomputerorothersystem.詞源：來自拉丁語"monitorium"，意為“警告”或“觀察”。例句：Theteachermonitorsthestudents'progressclosely.(動詞)Themonitoronmycomputerisbroken.(名詞)adjust詞性：動詞中文意思：調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)英文釋義：tochangeslightlyinordertomakesomethingmoresuitableoraccurate詞源：來自拉丁語adjustare，意為“使適合，使適應”例句：Canyouadjustthetemperatureoftheroom?固定搭配：adjustto適應，調(diào)整；adjustoneself自我調(diào)整近義詞：modify,regulate,adaptquantity詞性：名詞中文意思：數(shù)量，量英文釋義：theamountornumberofsththatisbeingmeasuredorcounted詞源：來自拉丁語quantitas，意為“大小，數(shù)量”例句：Thequantityofsugarinthisrecipeistoomuch.固定搭配：alarge/smallquantity大量/少量；inquantity大量地近義詞：amount,number,volumepolish詞性：動詞、名詞中文意思：動詞：擦亮，磨光；名詞：光澤，優(yōu)雅英文釋義：verb:tomakesmoothandshinybyrubbing;noun:asmoothshinysurfaceorappearance詞源：來自中古英語polisn，意為“擦亮，磨光”例句：Shepolishedthesilverwareuntilitshone.（她把銀器擦得閃閃發(fā)光。）Hisspeechwasfullofpolishandelegance.（他的演講充滿了優(yōu)雅和風度。）固定搭配：polishoff迅速完成；polishup提高，改善；polishone'sEnglish提高某人的英語水平近義詞：shine,refine,improveautomatic詞性：形容詞、名詞中文意思：形容詞：自動的；名詞：自動裝置英文釋義：adjective:workingbyitselfwithoutneedingcontrolfromsomeoneelse;noun:amachineordevicethatworksbyitselfwithoutneedingcontrolfromsomeoneelse詞源：來自法語automatique，意為“自動的”例句：Thedoorsopenedautomaticallywhensheapproachedthem.（當她走近時，門自動打開了。）Thecarhasanautomatictransmission.（這輛車有自動變速器。）固定搭配：automaticpilot自動駕駛儀；automaticweapon自動武器；automaticdoor自動門近義詞：self-operating,self-regulating,mechanicalcontrary詞性：形容詞、副詞、名詞中文意思：形容詞：相反的；副詞：相反地；名詞：反對者，矛盾的事物英文釋義：adjective:oppositeinnatureordirection;adverb:inawaythatisoppositetowhatisexpectedorusual;noun:apersonwhodisagreeswithanotherpersonorgroupofpeople詞源：來自拉丁語contrarius，意為“相對的，相反的”例句：Heractionswerecontrarytoherwords.（她的行動與她的話相反。）Heactedcontrarytomyadvice.（他的行為與我的建議相反。）Theyarethecontraryofeachother.（他們彼此相反。）alternative詞性：形容詞/名詞中文意思：可替代的，選擇性的英文釋義：relatingtoorofferingachoicebetweentwoormorepossibilities詞源：來自拉丁語alternativus，意為“交替的”例句：Wehavenoalternativebuttocanceltheeventduetobadweather.固定搭配：havenoalternativebuttodosth.（別無選擇，只能做某事）近義詞：optional,elective,substitutehighlight詞性：動詞/名詞中文意思：強調(diào)，突出英文釋義：toemphasizeorgiveprominencetosomething詞源：來自古英語healdan，意為“照亮，使明亮”例句：Thereporthighlightstheneedforincreasedfunding.固定搭配：highlightthekeypoints（突出重點）近義詞：emphasize,underline,spotlightinfluential詞性：形容詞中文意思：有影響力的，有勢力的英文釋義：havingthepowertoaffectorshapeevents,situations,etc.詞源：來自拉丁語influentia，意為“流入，影響”例句：Sheisaninfluentialfigureinthefashionindustry.固定搭配：beinfluentialinsth.（在某方面有影響力）近義詞：powerful,impactful,significantclassic詞性：形容詞/名詞中文意思：經(jīng)典的，典型的英文釋義：typicalofthebestandmostrespectedexamplesofitskind詞源：來自拉丁語classicus，意為“第一流的”例句：Thisisaclassicexampleofhownottobehaveinpublic.固定搭配：classiccar（經(jīng)典汽車）近義詞：traditional,timeless,iconicentitle詞性：動詞中文意思：給…權(quán)利，給…資格英文釋義：togivesomeonetherighttodoorhavesomething詞源：來自中古英語entiten，意為“給予權(quán)利”例句：Yourmembershipentitlesyoutodiscountsonourproducts.固定搭配：entitlesb.tosth.（賦予某人某物的權(quán)利）substantial詞性：形容詞中文意思：大量的，實質(zhì)的，堅固的英文釋義：largeinamountorsize;solidandstrong詞源：來自拉丁語substantia，意為“物質(zhì)，實體”例句：Thecompanyhasmadesubstantialprogressinthelastyear.固定搭配：substantialimprovement,substantialincrease,substantialchange近義詞：significant,considerable,ample,solidwidespread詞性：形容詞中文意思：廣泛的，普遍的英文釋義：existingorhappeningoveralargeareaoramongmanypeople詞源：來自中古英語wide+spread，意為“廣泛分布的”例句：Thediseaseisnowwidespreadthroughoutthecountry.固定搭配：widespreadconcern,widespreaduse,widespreadagreement近義詞：extensive,extensive,far-reaching,universalremarkable詞性：形容詞中文意思：顯著的，非凡的，值得注意的英文釋義：deservingattentionornoticebecauseofbeingunusualorexcellent詞源：來自拉丁語remarkari，意為“評論，觀察”例句：Shehasmaderemarkableprogressinherstudies.固定搭配：remarkableachievement,remarkablesuccess,remarkabletalent近義詞：notable,exceptional,outstanding,exceptionalinnovation詞性：名詞中文意思：創(chuàng)新，革新，新方法英文釋義：anewmethod,idea,product,etc.thathasbeencreated詞源：來自拉丁語innovare，意為“更新，重新開始”例句：Thecompany'ssuccessisduetoitsconstantinnovation.固定搭配：technologicalinnovation,businessinnovation,scientificinnovation近義詞：invention,creation,novelty,advancementpractical詞性：形容詞中文意思：實際的，實用的，實踐的英文釋義：relatedtorealsituationsandactionsratherthanideasortheories詞源：來自拉丁語pragmaticus，意為“實用的”例句：It'simportanttohavepracticalexperienceinthisfield.固定搭配：practicalskills,practicalknowledge,practicalapplication近義詞：useful,functional,effective,down-to-earthsuspect詞性：動詞、名詞中文意思：懷疑，嫌疑人英文釋義：動詞-tohaveafeelingthatsomethingistrueorlikely;名詞-apersonwhoissuspectedofdoingsomethingwrong詞源：來自拉丁語suspectus，意為“可疑的”例句：Isuspectthatheislying.（我懷疑他在說謊。）固定搭配：beasuspectinacrime（是犯罪的嫌疑人）近義詞：doubt,distrust,mistrustestimate詞性：動詞、名詞中文意思：估計，評估英文釋義：動詞-toformanopinionabouttheamountorvalueofsomething;名詞-anapproximatecalculationorcalculationbasedonprobability詞源：來自拉丁語exprimere，意為“表達”例句：