人版高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit3知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解

./Part1.Warmingup1、Whichkindoftransportdoyouprefertouse:busortrain?prefer寧愿；更喜歡用法：<1>prefer+n./pron.Theboypreferredadetectivestory.<2>prefer+v.-ingDoyoupreferlivingabroad?<3>prefer+todoShepreferstoliveamongtheworkingpeople.<4>prefersb.todosth.Shepreferredhimtostayathome.<5>prefer+n./pron./doing+to+n./pron./doing喜歡……而不喜歡Ipreferthetowntothecountry.Whilehewasintheofficehepreferreddoingsomethingtodoingnothing.<6>prefertodo...ratherthando=wouldratherdo...thando...寧愿……而不愿Iprefertowalkthereratherthangobybus.<7>prefer+從句<謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用shoulddo,should可省略>Shepreferredthatheshoulddoitinthekitchen.2.Imaginethatyouplantospendaholiday.imagine的用法▲構(gòu)詞：①imaginationn.[C/U]想像,想像力,想像的事物②imaginativeadj.富有想像力的▲搭配：imaginesth/doingsthYoucanimaginethesituationthere.Ican’timagin<my>marryingagirlofthatsort.[考例]IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed[答案與解析]Cimagine后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式,本句的Peter是這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ).Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.從高中起,我姐姐王維和我就一直夢(mèng)想做一次偉大的自行車旅行.<1>eversinde從那以后Itis/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)<從句中的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù)>自從……至今已經(jīng)多久了.eg:It’sfiveyearssinceIleftthere.我離開(kāi)那里有五年了.注意：在"It’s+一段時(shí)間+since從句",如果since從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,那么,它所表示的時(shí)間是從那個(gè)動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)起算,意為"不做...多久了".eg:It’sfiveyearssincehesmoked.他戒煙五年了.<2>dreamabout/of夢(mèng)見(jiàn),夢(mèng)想2、Thenshepersuademetobuyone.<1>、說(shuō)服;勸服;sb說(shuō)服某人persuadesb.<not>todosth.sb.into/outofdoingsth.eg：Ipersuadedhimtodoit.=Ipersuadedhimintodoingit.〔2、使相信,使信服persuadesbofsth使某人信服某事persuadesbthat…使某人相信…eg：Hehaspersuadedmeofitstruth.Iampersuadedthatsuchisthefact.persuasiveadj.有說(shuō)服力的persuasionn.說(shuō)服,信服[注意]如果"勸說(shuō)"不服,不能直接用persuade,而應(yīng)用trytopersuadesbtodo或advisesbtodo.1.I__himnottosmoke,buthedidn’tthinkitnecessary.A.persuadedB.advisedC.hopedD.suggested2.Iwasableatlastto____mymothertofollowmyadvice.A.suggestB.adviseC.persuadeD.leaveoff3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadeD.bepersuaded3.WangWeisoongottheminterestedincyclingtoo.<復(fù)習(xí)get用法,詳見(jiàn)Unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解4.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.首先想到沿湄公河從源頭到終點(diǎn)騎車旅游的是我的姐姐.〔復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,詳見(jiàn)Unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解5、Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettinggettoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.<1>、although,though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不能再和but,and,however連用,但可以和副詞yet,still連用.although從句多放在句首,though從句可在主句前,中,后任何位置,而且though可以作副詞用于句末,作"但是,不過(guò)"講,而although無(wú)此用法.Although/Thoughitwasraining,<yet>theystillworkedinthefields.Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn’tcomethough.[隨堂練習(xí)]______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.Since B.UnlessC.As D.Although〔2、insistv.堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,堅(jiān)持主張on/upon<one’s>doingsth堅(jiān)持做,堅(jiān)決做that+從句"堅(jiān)持一種說(shuō)法、看法或事實(shí)",后接的從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣,按insist需要選擇時(shí)態(tài)thatsb<should>dosth堅(jiān)決主張做某事,后接的賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即"should+v."eg：Iinsistedon/uponhiscomingwithus.Heinsistedthathehadn’tstolenthegirl’shandbag.Marywasill.Herparentsinsisted thatshe<should>seeadoctor.[隨堂練習(xí)]ThedoctorinsistedthatIahighfeverandthatIarestforafewdays.A.had;had B.have;haveC.had;have D.have;hadThemaninsistedataxiformeevenif/thoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.find B.tofindC.onfinding D.infindingIinsistedthatadoctor__immediately.AhasbeensentforB.sentforC.willbesentforD.besentforThedoctorinsistedthatIahighfeverandthatIarestforafewdays.A.had;had B.have;haveC.had;have D.have;hadThemaninsistedataxiformeevenif/thoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.find B.tofindC.onfinding D.infinding6、Mysisterdoesn’tcareaboutdetails.carevi.關(guān)心；介意n.關(guān)心；照顧careabout<tobeworriedabout/concernedwith>憂慮；擔(dān)心；惦念carefor<=like,love>喜歡;照料；照顧〔=takecareof=lookafter>takecare小心；提防派生：carefuladj.細(xì)心的carefullyadv.細(xì)心地carefulnessn.細(xì)心carelesslyadv.粗心地carelessnessn.粗心carelessadj.粗心的⑴Theonlythinghecares__________ismoney.⑵Idon’treallycare_____redwine.=3\*GB2⑶Whowilltakecare___yourbabyifyouareout?=4\*GB2⑷Manyaccidentsarecausedby________<care>driving.=5\*GB3⑤Theystudiedthequestion_________<care>beforetheymadethedecision.7、Shegavemeadeterminedlook–thekindthatshewouldn’tchangehermind.〔1、determinev.決定,下定決心,確定①determinetodosth.=makeupone’smindtodosth.下定決心eg：HedeterminedtolearnFrench.②bedeterminedtodosth.決心做eg：Shewasdeterminedtogotouniversity.〔2、changeone’smind改變某人的主意eg：Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tchangemymind.determinationn.決心,毅力determinedadj.堅(jiān)毅的,下決心的8.WhenItoldherthatourjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5000meters,sheseemedtobeexcitedaboutit.當(dāng)我告訴她我們將在海拔5000米處開(kāi)始旅程,她好像對(duì)此很興奮.本句中的seem后面跟了不定式結(jié)構(gòu),意為"……看起來(lái)好像……".<1>seem常常和不定式,形容詞,分詞,名詞和介詞短語(yǔ)搭配.如:1>．seem+不定式〔短語(yǔ)Iseemedtohearavoiceinthedistance.Iseemtohavecaughtacold.seem后不定式的否定式習(xí)慣上用don’t來(lái)代替,〔放在seem前,如：Youdon’tseemtobequiteyourselftoday2>.seem+形容詞Sheseemsquitehappytoday.=Sheseemstobequitehappytoday.3>．Seem+分詞Thenewsseemsexciting.Theyseemsinterestedinthefilm.4>、seem+名詞Sheseemsaclevergirl.Itseemedalongtimebeforemyturncame.5>.seem+介詞短語(yǔ)Theyseemedinhighspirits.<2>seem常用于it作形式主語(yǔ)的"Itseems/seemedthat……"結(jié)構(gòu),如：Itseemsthatyouwerelying.Itseemsimpossiblethathewillbeheretomorrow.<3>.seem常用于由asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句中,如：Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.Itseemsasifheknewnothingaboutthat.[注]在這種句式中,如從句所敘述的情實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性比較大,從句謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣若實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較小,或根本不可能實(shí)現(xiàn),從句的謂語(yǔ)則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣.<4>.seems也常用在"thereseem<s>tobe"句式中,用來(lái)代替be,作句子的謂語(yǔ).如：Thereseemstobenopointinrefusing.Thereseemedtobesomethingthematterwithhim.atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在海拔……米處e.g.Theplaneisflyingataheight/altitudeof10,000feet.注意:at在此處表"在……處/時(shí),以……"后接年齡,速度,長(zhǎng)寬深高,價(jià)格,費(fèi)用等在…歲時(shí)attheageof以..的價(jià)格atahigh/lowprice在….深度\寬度處atadepth/widthof在…距離處atadistanceof9、WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreathanditwouldbeverycold…主語(yǔ)+be+adj.+todosth.是一常用句式即不定式用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義.不定式和主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用及物動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式,若是不及物動(dòng)詞,要加相應(yīng)的介詞.常用的形容詞有：easy,difficult,hard,interesting,pleasant,nice,dangeroues,important等；該句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換成"It+be+adj+todosth."結(jié)構(gòu)eg：Theproblemisreallyhardtoworkout.=Itisreallyhardtoworkouttheproblem.還有一類表示心理活動(dòng)的形容詞<surprised,moved,disappointed,pleased,happy,sad,delighted,sorry,interested,glad,worried,eager,anxious,angry等,主動(dòng)用todo,被動(dòng)用tobedone,也可接從句.WewerebothsurprisedtolearnthathalfoftheriverisinChina.我們驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國(guó)境內(nèi).Weweredisappiontedtobetoldthatthematchhadbeenputoff.10.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.Finally,Ihadtogivein.她一旦下了決心,什么也不能使她改變.最后,我只好讓步了.once作為連詞,作"一<旦>……就……"解,連接一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句.從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái).如：Onceyouhavebeginyoumustcontinue.Onceprinted,thebookwillbeverypopularonce用作副詞,意為"一次；從前,曾經(jīng)".11、Finally,Ihadtogivein.<1>、givein<tosb./sth.>屈服于,讓步,遞交eg：Hehadtogiveintomyviews.他只好順從了我的意見(jiàn).〔2、givein<sth.tosb.>上交eg：Pleasegiveyourexaminationpapersintotheteacher.[拓展]giveup放棄,認(rèn)輸giveout筋疲力盡；分配giveaway捐贈(zèng),泄露giveoff放出,散發(fā)〔光、熱、煙、氣、味等運(yùn)用：用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空.〔1Hegave____toherrequest.〔2Ifyougive_____smoking,youwillsavealotofmoneyeveryyear.〔3Hisaccentgavehim_____.SoIknewhewasfromUSA.〔4Ourteachergave______tothepolicestationwhathepickedupfromtheground.〔5Hismoneysoongave______becauseheboughtalotofthings.12、Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.[辨析]across,through與overacross表示從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊或事物交叉位置,"橫穿,橫跨"表面through表達(dá)兩邊穿過(guò)或穿過(guò)空間內(nèi)部over表示"越過(guò)"是指越過(guò)較高的物體從一側(cè)到另一側(cè)Sheswamacrosstheriver.她游過(guò)河去.Theriverflowsthroughthecityfromwesttoeast.這條河從西往東流過(guò)城市.Thethiefclimbedoverthewallandranaway.小偷翻過(guò)墻逃走了.Part3.LearningaboutLanguage1、Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.有決心的人總是努力完成工作,而不管它有多難.疑問(wèn)詞+ever,nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以換成nomatterwhat/which/who/whom,位置可以在主句前,也可以在主句后.Takewhateveryouwant.拿你想要的任何東西.Wewillcompletetheworkontime,nomatterwhathappens.=Whateverhappens,wewillcompleretheworkontime.〔2wherever,whenever,however常引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,可以換成nomattewhere/when/how,可放在主句前或主句后.Wheneverhegoesabroad,hewillbuypresentsforhisyoungersister.=Nomatterwhenhegoesabroad,hewilbypresentsforhisyoungersister.2.exceptfor,except,but,besides表示"除了"的詞或短語(yǔ)有：except;but;exceptfor;besides;exceptthat/when...等.<1>except和but都表示"除了……之外.沒(méi)有",二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換；但在no,all,nobody,nothing,noone等不定代詞后多用but.Nooneknowsourteacher'saddressexcept/buthim.<排除him><2>besides除……之外,還……,有附加性.WhatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish?<English與otherlanguages都屬于know的范圍><3>exceptfor只不過(guò)……,整體肯定,部分修正,用于排除非同類事物,for表示細(xì)節(jié)上的修正.Yourarticleiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.當(dāng)except用于句首時(shí),后面往往要加上for.Exceptforthis,everythingisingoodorder.=Everythingisingoodorderexceptthis.<4>exceptthat/when...that后接句子Iknownothingofthatmanexceptthathe’sfromSichuan.Wedomorningexerciseseverymorningexceptwhenitisraining.Part4.UsingLanguage1.ShewasreliableandIknewIdidn’tneedtoencourageher.reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的relyvi.依靠；依賴<通常接on/upon>put相關(guān)短語(yǔ)putup舉起；掛起,張貼；建造,搭起；〔為某人提供食宿Heputuphishandtocatchtheteacher’sattention.Anewnotivehasbeenputupontheboard.They

put

up

a

new

house

here.

Willyouputmeupforthenight?putupwith忍受putaway放好,儲(chǔ)存?zhèn)溆?.putsomethingaway:把...收拾起來(lái)

Now,putyourbooksaway.現(xiàn)在,把你的書(shū)收拾好.

2.putsb.away:把...送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄〔或精神醫(yī)院

Thedoctorwantedmetohavehimputaway.醫(yī)生要我把他送進(jìn)精神病院.

3.put<money>away:把錢儲(chǔ)蓄起來(lái)

I'vegot$1000putawayforarainyday.我有1000元存在銀行以備不時(shí)之需.

4.putaway<foodordrink>：大吃大喝

Ihadputawayhalfabottleofwhisky.我一下子喝了半瓶威士忌.putdown寫(xiě)下,放下,鎮(zhèn)壓Let

me

put

down

your

telephone

number

lest

I

forget

it.

讓我先記下你的電話號(hào)碼,

以免忘了.Put

down

that

book

and

help

your

mother

with

the

dishes.

放下那本書(shū),

幫你母親洗餐具.

They

had

to

call

the

police

in

order

to

put

down

the

riot.

他們只得叫來(lái)警察以平定騷亂.putforward1.向前移

Why

don't

you

put

your

chair

forward

to

get

a

better

view?

你為什么不把椅子往前挪一點(diǎn),

以便看得更清楚些?

2.將…提前

We

shall

have

to

put

the

meeting

forward.

我們得把會(huì)議提前.

3.把...向前撥;

將鐘撥快

Put

your

watch

forward;

it's

five

minutes

slow.

將你的手表?yè)芸煨?

它慢了五分鐘.

4.提出

He

put

forward

a

plan

for

the

committee

to

consider.

他提出一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃交由全體委員審議putin打斷,插嘴,話費(fèi)〔時(shí)間He

put

in

a

good

word

for

me.

他插進(jìn)來(lái)為我說(shuō)了一句好話.

She

put

in

eight

hours

behind

a

desk.

她在花了八小時(shí)辦公.putoff推遲,延期The

appointment

was

put

off

because

of

his

illness.

由于他生病而推遲了約會(huì).puton穿上,上演They

are

going

to

put

on

Hamlet.

他們將上演《哈姆雷特》.putout撲滅〔火,伸出The

fire

was

soon

put

out.

火很快就撲滅了.It's

rude

to

put

out

your

tongues

at

people.

對(duì)人吐舌頭是不禮貌的.putone’sheartinto全神貫注于3.separate的用法separate作動(dòng)詞時(shí),指"把原來(lái)在一起的人或物分開(kāi)".例如:Separatethosetwoboyswhoarefighting,willyou?<你>把那兩個(gè)打架的孩子拉開(kāi),好嗎?▲構(gòu)詞：separationn.[U]分開(kāi),分離▲搭配：①separateAfromB把A和B分開(kāi)②AisseparatedfromBby…A和B為……所分開(kāi)／阻隔③separatesth<up>into…把……分成<幾分>作形容詞時(shí),"個(gè)別的,獨(dú)自的,分離的"Wehavesepareterooms.我們都有各自的房間.4.schedulen.時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表vt.為某事安排時(shí)間accordingtoschedule按照計(jì)劃；按照安排onschedule按時(shí)behindschedule晚點(diǎn)bescheduledtodo被安排,定于⑴火車按時(shí)到達(dá).Thetrainarrived______⑵總統(tǒng)定于明天發(fā)表演說(shuō).ThePresidentis__________<schedule>tomakeaspeechtomorrow.5butIstayedawake.stay為連系動(dòng)詞.類似stay既能做行為動(dòng)詞又能作連系動(dòng)詞的還有：become,get,grow,turn,look,appear,seem,feel,taste,smell,sound,keep等.課文原文1.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.2.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.3.Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsisted