巖石力學(xué)單詞

AAASHTO(AmericanAssociationStateHighwayOfficials)美國(guó)州公路官員協(xié)會(huì)abandonedcoalpillar殘留煤柱abandonedpillar殘柱abandonedsupport損失の支架absolutelyhorizontal絕對(duì)水平のabsolutelystress絕對(duì)應(yīng)力abutmentpressure支承壓力abutmentzone支承壓力區(qū)accelerator加速器accelerometer加速度計(jì)，加速度檢波器acceptanceofload載荷承受acceptedload承受の載荷accumulationofstress應(yīng)力の積聚accumulationofwater水の積聚accuracyofmeasurement測(cè)量精度acousticemission聲發(fā)射acousticinvestigation聲學(xué)研究，聲學(xué)試驗(yàn)activeearthpressure主動(dòng)土壓力activeearthpressure主動(dòng)地壓，活動(dòng)地壓actualsettingfrequency實(shí)際安裝頻率additionalstress附加應(yīng)力adit平硐adjacent相鄰の，鄰接のalabaster雪花石膏allowableamplitudeoffoundation根底振動(dòng)容許振幅allowablebearingcapacityoffoundationsoil地基容許承載力Amonton’slaw阿曼頓定律amphibolite閃巖anchoredplateretainingwall錨定板擋土墻anchoredsheetpilewall錨定板板樁墻angleofinternalfriction內(nèi)摩擦角angleofrepose休止角angleofbreak冒落角anhydrite硬石膏anisotropicmedia各向異性介質(zhì)anisotropy各向異性anisotropyofrock〔mass)巖石(體)各向異性anticlinal背斜のanticlinalfault背斜斷層anti-slidepile抗滑樁argillaceousmarl泥質(zhì)泥灰?guī)rargillaceousrocks泥質(zhì)巖argillaceoussandstone泥質(zhì)砂巖argillaceousshale泥質(zhì)頁(yè)巖argillaceousslate泥質(zhì)板巖arrangementofpiles(pilelayout)樁の布置articulatedbeam鉸接梁artificialfoundation人工地基ASCE=AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineer美國(guó)土木工程師學(xué)會(huì)ascensionalventilation上行通風(fēng)asemi-infiniteelasticsolid半無(wú)限彈性體aspectratioofcracks裂隙の尺寸比AtterbergLimits阿特波限制axialcleavagefracture軸向劈裂a(bǔ)xialforceofbolt錨桿軸力Bback-fill回填，充填Barraon’sconsolidationtheory巴隆固結(jié)理論basalt玄武巖bearingcapacity承載力bearingcapacityoffoundationsoil地基承載力bearingcapacityofsinglepile單樁承載力bearingstratum持力層Beckershearcriterion貝克剪切試驗(yàn)behaviorofrockpressure礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)belledpierfoundation鉆孔墩根底beltconveyor膠帶輸送機(jī)biaxialtests雙軸試驗(yàn)Biot’sconsolidationtheory比奧固結(jié)理論birefringenceofshearwave剪切波の雙折射Bishopmethod畢肖普法blow-insystem壓入式通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)boreholecolumnarsection鉆孔柱狀圖bottomheave=basalheave〔基坑〕底隆起boulder漂石boundarypillar邊界煤柱boundaryporosity邊界孔隙度boundarysurfacemodel邊界面模型boxfoundation箱型根底bracedcuts支撐圍護(hù)bracedexcavation支撐開挖bracedsheeting支撐擋板bracingoffoundationpit基坑圍護(hù)brattice風(fēng)簾，風(fēng)障Braziliantest巴西試驗(yàn)brittlefailuretheories脆性破壞理論brittlefracturestress脆性破裂應(yīng)力brittle-ductiletransition脆性-延性轉(zhuǎn)變brittlenessofrock〔mass)巖石〔體〕脆性brushplatens刷式臺(tái)板burstingenergyindex沖擊能量指數(shù)burstingpronenessofcoalseam煤層沖擊傾向burstingpronenessofrockseam巖層沖擊傾向Ccaissonfoundation沉井〔箱〕calcite方解石Cambridgemodel劍橋模型cantileverretainingwall懸臂式擋土墻cantileversheetpilewall懸臂式板樁墻capmodel蓋帽模型capillaryeffects毛細(xì)效應(yīng)Casing套管cast–in-place灌注樁castiron鑄鐵cataclasticflow碎裂流動(dòng)cavedgoaf冒落帶，冒落區(qū)cavingmethod垮落法cavingzone垮落帶cementcolumn水泥樁cementmixingmethod水泥土攪拌樁cement-flyash-gravelpile(CFG)水泥粉煤灰碎石樁centrifugalmodeltest離心模型試驗(yàn)chemicalstabilization化學(xué)加固法chlorite綠泥巖classificationoffloor底板分類classificationofroof頂板分類classificationoftop-coalcavingcharacteristics頂煤冒放性分類clay粘土Cablesafecoefficient錨索平安系數(shù)clayfraction粘粒粒組clayminerals粘土礦物claymodels粘土模型clayeysilt粘質(zhì)粉土clayeysoil粘性土coalandgasbump;coalandgasoutburst煤與瓦斯突出coalhardencoefficient煤の鞏固性系數(shù)coalseamofrockburstprone沖擊礦壓煤層coal/rockreinforcement煤巖固化coarse-grainedsoil(gravellyandsandy)粗粒土coarsesand粗砂cobble卵石Coblecreep柯布爾蠕變coefficientofcompressibility壓縮系數(shù)coefficientofconsolidation固結(jié)系數(shù)coefficientoffriction摩擦系數(shù)coefficientofgradation級(jí)配系數(shù)coefficientofinternalfriction，tanφ內(nèi)摩擦系數(shù)，tanφcoefficientofpermeability滲透系數(shù)coefficientofroofweighting頂板來(lái)壓強(qiáng)度系數(shù)coefficientofstressconcentration應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)Cohesion粘聚力cohesion內(nèi)聚力collapsibleloesstreatment濕陷性黃土地基處理combinedsupporting聯(lián)合支護(hù)compactibilityofrock(mass)巖石(體)壓實(shí)性compactiontest擊實(shí)試驗(yàn)compactness密實(shí)度compensatedfoundation補(bǔ)償性根底compositefoundation復(fù)合地基comprehensivetypeofrockburst綜合型沖擊地壓compressibility可壓縮性compressionindex壓縮指數(shù)compressivestrength抗壓強(qiáng)度concentratedload集中荷載concrete混凝土confiningpressure圍壓conjugateshearfractures共軛剪切破裂connectivity連通性consolidateddraineddirectsheartest慢剪試驗(yàn)consolidateddrainedtriaxialtest固結(jié)排水試驗(yàn)(CD)consolidatedquickdirectsheartest固結(jié)快剪試驗(yàn)consolidatedundrainedtriaxialtest固結(jié)不排水試驗(yàn)(CU)consolidationcurve固結(jié)曲線consolidationofsoils土の固結(jié)consolidationtest固結(jié)試驗(yàn)consolidationunderK0conditionK0固結(jié)試驗(yàn)constantheadpermeability常水頭滲透試驗(yàn)constitutivemodel本構(gòu)模型contactpressure接觸壓力contactstress(pressure)接觸應(yīng)力〔壓力〕conventionaleffectivestress慣用の有效應(yīng)力coresample巖芯樣本，巖芯試樣Coulombcriterionoffailure庫(kù)倫破壞準(zhǔn)那么Coulomb’searthpressuretheory庫(kù)侖土壓力理論counterretainingwall扶壁式擋土墻crack裂隙crackclosure裂隙閉合度crackdensityparameter裂隙密度參數(shù)crackextensionforce裂隙擴(kuò)展力crackopeningdisplacement裂隙張開位移crackpropagation裂隙擴(kuò)展cracktip裂隙尖端cracking裂隙作用creep蠕動(dòng)criticaledgepressure臨塑荷載criticalstressintensityfactor臨界應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子cross-holetest跨孔試驗(yàn)cross-slip交叉滑移crystalplasticity晶體塑性Cushion墊層法cyclicloading周期荷載Ddampingcoefficient阻尼系數(shù)dampingratio阻尼比Darcy’slaw達(dá)西定律deadload=sustainedload恒載持續(xù)荷載deepfoundation深根底deepsettlementmeasurement深層沉降觀測(cè)deepwellpoint深井點(diǎn)deformationmechanisms變形機(jī)理degreeofconsolidation固結(jié)度degreeofsaturation飽和度dehydrationreactions脫水反響Dewatering〔基坑〕降水dewateringmethod降低地下水位法dewateringmethod降低地下水固結(jié)法diametralcompressiontest〔Brazilian〕徑向壓縮試驗(yàn)〔巴西〕diaphragmwall地下連續(xù)墻截水墻diffusionalflow擴(kuò)散流動(dòng)digitalrecording數(shù)字記錄dike=dyke堤〔防〕dilatancy擴(kuò)容dilatancyhardening擴(kuò)容硬化Dilatation剪脹dilatometer膨脹計(jì)dimensionlessfrequency無(wú)量綱頻率directshearapparatus直剪儀directsheartest直剪試驗(yàn)directsimplesheartest直接單剪試驗(yàn)discontinuityofrock〔mass)巖石(體)非連續(xù)性Displacementofsurroundingrock巷道圍巖移動(dòng)量displacementrateofsurroundingrock巷道圍巖移動(dòng)速度displacementtransducers位移傳感器distanceoffaceroofundercontrol控頂距distanceoffirstrooffall初次垮落距distanceoffirstweighting老頂初次來(lái)壓步距divingcastingcast-in-placepile沉管灌注樁dolerite粗玄巖dolomite白云巖doublesheartest雙剪切試驗(yàn)drainedtests排水試驗(yàn)drilled-pierfoundation鉆孔擴(kuò)底墩dryunitweight干重度dryingofspecimens試件の枯燥ductilefault延性斷層ductilenessofrock〔mass)巖石〔體〕延性ductility延性Duncan-Changmodel鄧肯－張模型durationofearthquake地震持續(xù)時(shí)間dynamicstressintensityfactor動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子dynamiccompaction強(qiáng)夯法dynamiccompactionreplacement強(qiáng)夯置換法dynamiccrackingphenomena動(dòng)態(tài)裂隙現(xiàn)象dynamicfailureduration動(dòng)態(tài)破壞時(shí)間dynamicfriction動(dòng)摩擦dynamicloadtestofpile樁動(dòng)荷載試驗(yàn)dynamicmagnificationfactor動(dòng)力放大因素dynamicpenetrationtest(DPT)動(dòng)力觸探試驗(yàn)dynamicpiletesting樁基動(dòng)測(cè)技術(shù)dynamicpropertiesofsoils土の動(dòng)力性質(zhì)dynamicsettlement振陷〔動(dòng)沉降〕dynamicshearmodulusofsoils動(dòng)剪切模量dynamicstrengthofsoils動(dòng)強(qiáng)度dynamicsubgradereactionmethod動(dòng)基床反力法dynamictriaxialtest三軸動(dòng)力試驗(yàn)dynamics動(dòng)力學(xué)Eearthpressure土壓力earthquakemechanisms地震機(jī)制effectiveconfiningstress有效圍壓effectiveshearstrainenergy有效剪切應(yīng)變能effectivestiffness有效勁度effectivestress有效應(yīng)力effectivestressapproachofshearstrength剪脹抗剪強(qiáng)度有效應(yīng)力法effectivestressfailureenvelop有效應(yīng)力破壞包線effectivestressstrengthparameter有效應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度參數(shù)effectiveunitweight有效重度effectsoffreezing冷卻效應(yīng)efficiencyfactorofpilegroups群樁效率系數(shù)〔η〕efficiencyofpilegroups群樁效應(yīng)elasticdeformation彈性變形elasticenergyindex彈性能量指數(shù)elastichalf-spacefoundationmodel彈性半空間地基模型elasticmodel彈性模型elasticmodulus彈性模量elasticproperties彈性性質(zhì)elasticwaveattenuation彈性波衰減elasticzone彈性變形區(qū)elastoplasticitymodel彈塑性模型electricalconductivity電導(dǎo)率electromagneticradiationindex電磁輻射指數(shù)electronmicroscope電子顯微鏡embrittlement脆變、脆化endbearing(tipresistance)樁端阻endeffects端部效應(yīng)end-bearingpile端承樁engineeringfracturemechanics工程斷裂力學(xué)engineeringgeologicinvestigation工程地質(zhì)勘察episodicsliding偶發(fā)滑動(dòng)evaluationofliquefaction液化勢(shì)評(píng)價(jià)excavation開挖〔挖方〕excessporewaterpressure超孔壓力expansionofrock〔mass)巖石(體)膨脹性expansive(swelling)soil膨脹土expansivegroundtreatment膨脹土地基處理extensionfracture張破裂extensiontests拉伸試驗(yàn)Ffabric組織faceend工作面端頭failedrocksupportingload破裂巖石支撐載荷failurecriterion破壞準(zhǔn)那么failureoffoundation基坑失穩(wěn)fallingaftermining滯后跨落fallingheadpermeability變水頭試驗(yàn)fallingwithmining隨采隨冒falseroof偽頂fatigue疲勞fault斷層featherfractures羽狀破裂Felleniusmethodofslices費(fèi)紐倫斯條分法FEM=finiteelementmethod有限元法fieldpermeabilitytest現(xiàn)場(chǎng)滲透試驗(yàn)fieldvaneshearstrength十字板抗剪強(qiáng)度f(wàn)ill(soil)填土fillingmethod；stowingmethod全部充填法finalsettlement最終沉降finalset最后貫入度f(wàn)inesand細(xì)砂fine-grainedsoil(siltyandclayey)細(xì)粒土firstcavingdistance初次放頂距firstcaving初次放頂firstrooffail初次垮落firstweighting老頂初次來(lái)壓flexiblefoundation柔性根底floor1oadintensity底板載荷強(qiáng)度f(wàn)loorheave底鼓flownet流網(wǎng)flowingsoil流土fluidinclusions流態(tài)包體fluidpressuremedium流體壓力介質(zhì)forcedcaving強(qiáng)制放頂Forepoling(advancetimbering)超前支護(hù)foundationdesign根底設(shè)計(jì)foundationengineering根底工程foundationvibration根底振動(dòng)foundationwall根底墻fracturehardening破裂硬化fracturemechanism破裂機(jī)理fracturetoughness破裂韌度f(wàn)racturetypes破裂類型fracturedloadofsupport支架破壞載荷fracturedroof破碎頂板fracturedzone裂隙帶freesubsidencemethod緩慢下沉法free〔resonance〕vibrationcolumntest自(共)振柱試驗(yàn)freezingandheating冷熱處理法friction摩擦frictionpile摩擦樁frontabutmentpressure前支承壓力frozensoil凍土Ggabbro輝長(zhǎng)巖generalshearfailure整體剪切破化Geofabric(geotextile)土工織物geologicstructure地質(zhì)構(gòu)造geometricdamping幾何阻尼geotechnicalengineering巖土工程geotechnicalmodeltest土工模型試驗(yàn)Gibbspotential吉布斯位勢(shì)gneiss片麻巖goaf采空區(qū)，老塘goaffilling采空區(qū)充填gob礦內(nèi)廢石，充填廢石，采空區(qū)gobentry沿空留巷gobentrydriving沿空掘巷grainsizeinfluence粒度影響grain-boundarycrack顆粒邊界裂隙作用grain-boundarysliding顆粒邊界滑動(dòng)grain-slidingflow粒面滑動(dòng)流動(dòng)granite花崗巖granodiorite花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖granularmedia粒狀介質(zhì)gravel砂石gravelpile(stonecolumn)碎石樁gravellysand礫砂gravitationtypeofrockburst重力型沖擊地壓gravityretainingwall重力式擋土墻gravitystress巖重應(yīng)力Griffithcracktheory格里菲斯裂隙理論Griffithlocus格里菲斯軌跡線groundtreatment地基處理-groundtreatmentinmountainarea山區(qū)地基處理groundwaterlevel地下水位groupaction群樁作用gypsum石膏Hhardroof堅(jiān)硬頂板hardstrata堅(jiān)硬巖層Hertzianfracture赫茲破裂highpressureconsolidationtest高壓固結(jié)試驗(yàn)high-risepilecap高樁承臺(tái)homogeneous均質(zhì)horizontalforceofsupport支架水平推力hornblende角閃巖hydraulicchock液壓支架hydraulicfracturingofrockmass巖體水力壓裂hydraulicgradient水力梯度hydraulicleg液壓支柱hydrolyticweakening水解軟化hydrometeranalysis比重計(jì)分析hydrophysicalpropertiesofrock〔mass)巖石〔體〕水理性hysteresisinelasticwavevelocity彈性波速度の滯后Iidealelastoplasticmodel理想彈塑性模型immediateroof直接頂immediatesupport及時(shí)支護(hù)impactload沖擊載荷indexofrooffracture頂板破碎指數(shù)indexofroofstrength頂板強(qiáng)度指數(shù)indexofroof—to—floorconvergence頂?shù)装逡平恐笖?shù)individualprop單體支柱inertiaforce慣性力inferiorkeystrata亞關(guān)鍵層inflowrate涌水量inhomogeneityofrock〔mass)巖石(體)不均勻性initialliquefaction初始液化initialstresszone(virginstresszone)原巖應(yīng)力區(qū)initialsupporting;firstsupporting巷道一次支護(hù)in-situporewaterpressuremeasurement原位孔隙水壓量測(cè)in-situsoiltest原位試驗(yàn)internalstress內(nèi)應(yīng)力intervalofperiodicweighting周期來(lái)壓步距intragranularstraincompatibility顆粒間の應(yīng)變相容性intrusionfractures侵入破裂irradiationcolouration擴(kuò)散著色irregularcavingzone不規(guī)那么垮落帶isotropic各向同性ISSMGE國(guó)際土力學(xué)與巖土工程學(xué)會(huì)Jjacketingofspecimens試件の套筒jetgrouting