四川大學(xué)軟件工程選擇題

Whichquestionnolongerconcernsthemodernsoftwareengineering

Whydoescomputerhardwarecostsomuch?

Whydoessoftwaretakealongtimetofinish?

Whydoesitcostsomuchtodevelopapieceofsoftware?

Whycan'tsoftwareerrorsberemovedfromproductspriortodelivery?

Answer:a

Todaytheincreasedpowerofthepersonalcomputerhasbroughtaboutanabandonmentofthepracticeofteamdevelopmentofsoftware.

True

False

Answer:b

Softwareisaproductandcanbemanufacturedusingthesametechnologiesusedforotherengineeringartifacts.

True

False

Answer:b

Softwaredeterioratesratherthanwearsoutbecause

Softwaresuffersfromexposuretohostileenvironments.

Defectsaremorelikelytoariseaftersoftwarehasbeenusedoften.

Multiplechangerequestsintroduceerrorsincomponentinteractions.

Softwaresparepartsbecomehardertoorder.

Answer:c

6.Thenatureofsoftwareapplicationscanbecharacterizedbytheirinformation

a.complexity

b.content

c.determinacy

d.bothbandc

Answer:d

7.Changecannotbeeasilyaccommodatedinmostsoftwaresystems,unlessthesystemwasdesignedwithchangeinmind.

True

False

Answer:a

8.Thefunctionalityofmostcomputersystemsdoesnotneedtobeenhancedthelifetimeofthesystem.

True

False

Answer:b

Whichoftheitemslistedbelowisnotoneofthesoftwareengineeringlayers?Answer:b

Process

Manufacturing

Methods

Tools

Softwareengineeringumbrellaactivitiesareonlyappliedduringtheinitialphasesofsoftwaredevelopmentprojects.Answer:b

True

False

Whichofthesearethe5genericsoftwareengineeringframeworkactivities?Answer:a

communication,planning,modeling,construction,deployment

communication,riskmanagement,measurement,production,reviewing

analysis,designing,programming,debugging,maintenance

analysis,planning,designing,programming,testing

WhichofthesetermsarelevelnamesintheCapabilityMaturityModel?Answer:e

Performed

Repeated

Reused

Optimized

Bothaandd

5.Whichoftheitemslistedbelowisnotoneoftheprocesspatterns.Answer:d

a.Intent

b.Solution

c.ResultingContext

d.Output

6.Processtechnologytoolsallowsoftwareorganizationstocompressschedulesbyskippingunimportantactivities.Answer:b

a.True

b.False

7.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatonecannothaveweaksoftwareprocessesandcreatehighqualityendproducts.Answer:a

True

False

8.Thetasks(anddegreeofrigor)foreachactivityarealwaysunchanged.Answer:b

True

False

ThelinearsequentialmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentisAnswer：a

Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.

Agoodapproachwhenaworkingprogramisrequiredquickly.

Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.

Anoldfashionedmodelthatcannotbeusedinamoderncontext.

ThelinearsequentialmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentisalsoknownastheAnswer：e

Classicallifecyclemodel

Fountainmodel

Spiralmodel

Waterfallmodel

bothaandd

TheincrementalmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentisAnswer：b

Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.

Agoodapproachwhenaworkingcoreproductisrequiredquickly.

Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.

Arevolutionarymodelthatisnotusedforcommercialproducts.

TherapidapplicationdevelopmentmodelisAnswer：c

Anothernameforcomponent-baseddevelopment.

Ausefulapproachwhenacustomercannotdefinerequirementsclearly.

Ahighspeedadaptationofthelinearsequentialmodel.

Alloftheabove.

5.EvolutionarysoftwareprocessmodelsAnswer：d

Areiterativeinnature

Caneasilyaccommodateproductrequirementschanges

Donotgenerallyproducethrowawaysystems

Alloftheabove

6.TheprototypingmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentisAnswer：b

a.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.

b.Ausefulapproachwhenacustomercannotdefinerequirementsclearly.

c.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.

d.Ariskymodelthatrarelyproducesameaningfulproduct.

7.WhichoftheseisnotoneofthephasenamesdefinedbytheUnifiedProcessmodelfor

Softwaredevelopment?Answer：d

Inceptionphase

Elaborationphase

Constructionphase

Validationphase

8.IntheUnifiedProcessmodelrequirementsaredeterminediterativelyandmayspanmorethanonephaseoftheprocess.Answer：a

True

False

Agilityisnothingmorethantheabilityofaprojectteamtorespondrapidlytochange.(B)

True

False

Whichofthefollowingisnotnecessarytoapplyagilitytoasoftwareprocess?(A)

Eliminatetheuseofprojectplanningandtesting

Onlyessentialworkproductsareproduced

Processallowsteamtostreamlinetasks

Usesincrementalproductdeliverystrategy

Howdoyoucreateagileprocessestomanageunpredictability?(E)

Requirementsgatheringmustbeconductedverycarefully

Riskanalysismustbeconductedbeforeplanningtakesplace

Softwareincrementsmustbedeliveredinshorttimeperiods

Softwareprocessesmustadapttochangesincrementally

Bothcandd

4.Whichofthefollowingtraitsneedtoexistamongthemembersofanagilesoftwareteam?(D)

Competence

Decision-makingability

Mutualtrustandrespect

Alloftheabove.

5.Allagileprocessmodelsconformtoagreaterorlesserdegreetotheprinciplesstatedinthe"ManifestoforAgileSoftwareDevelopment".Answer:A

True

False

6.WhatarethefourframeworkactivitiesfoundintheExtremeProgramming(XP)processmodel?

a.analysis,design,coding,testing

b.planning,analysis,design,coding

c.planning,analysis,coding,testing

d.planning,design,coding,testing

Answer:D

7.WhatarethethreeframeworkactivitiesfortheAdaptiveSoftwareDevelopment(ASD)processmodel?Answer:D

analysis,design,coding

feasibilitystudy,functionalmodeliteration,implementation

requirementsgathering,adaptivecycleplanning,iterativedevelopment

speculation,collaboration,learning

8.WhichisnotoneofthekeyquestionsthatisansweredbyeachteammemberateachdailyScrummeeting?Answer:C

Whatdidyoudosincethelastmeeting?

Whatobstaclesareyouencountering?

Whatisthecauseoftheproblemsyouareencountering?

Whatdoyouplantoaccomplishatthenextteammeeting?

Whichofthefollowingcanbeelementsofcomputer-basedsystems?Answer:E

documentation

software

hardware

people

allofabove

Toconstructasystemmodeltheengineershouldconsiderwhichofthefollowingrestrainingfactors?Answer:E

assumptions

budget

constraints

schedule

bothaandc

Duringbusinessprocessengineering,threedifferentarchitecturesareexamined.Answer:A

applications,data,technologyinfrastructure

communications,organization,financialinfrastructure

network,database,reportingstructure

systems,requirements,datastructure

Thegoalofproductengineeringistotranslatethecustomer'sdesireforasetofdefinedcapabilitiesintoaworkingproduct.Answer:A

True

False

5.UMLnotationsthatcanbeusedtomodelthehardwareandsoftwareelementsofasystemare

Activitydiagrams

Classdiagrams

Deploymentdiagrams

Use-casediagrams

a,b,andc

Answer:e

6.Thesystemmodeltemplatecontainswhichofthefollowingelements

a.input

b.output

c.userinterface

d.allofabove

Answer:d

7.Thetoplevelofthehierarchicalmodelofasystemisknownasthe

AFD

DFD

SCD

SFD

Answer:c

8.Selectanylargesystemorproductwithwhichyouarefamiliar.Definethesetofdomainsthatdescribetheworldviewofthesystemorproduct.Describethesetofelementsthatmakeuponeortwodomains.Foroneelement,identifythetechnicalcomponentsthatmustbeengineered.

BPE(BusinessProcessEngineering)

worldview:bank

domains:loans,savings,foreignexchange

elementsofsavings:Windowservice,Onlineservice,ATMservice

technicalcomponentsofOnlineservice:customeridentify(security),communication,database

ProductEngineering

worldview:smartphone

domains:chipset,software

elementsofsoftware:OS,applicationplatform

technicalcomponentsofapplicationplatform:

communication,security,utility(telephonebook,calendar)

1.Inrequirementsvalidationtherequirementsmodelisreviewedtoensureitstechnicalfeasibility.

True

False

Answer:b

2.Inwin-winnegotiation,thecustomer'sneedsaremeteventhoughthedeveloper'sneedmaynotbe.

True

False

Answer:b

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthecontext-freequestionsthatwouldbeusedduringprojectinception?

Whatwillbetheeconomicbenefitfromagoodsolution?

Whoisagainstthisproject?

Whowillpayforthework?

Whowillusethesolution?

Answer:b

4.Theuseoftraceabilitytableshelpsto

debugprogramsfollowingthedetectionofrun-timeerrors

determinetheperformanceofalgorithmimplementations

identify,control,andtrackrequirementschanges

noneoftheabove

Answer:c

5.Thesystemspecificationdescribesthe

Function,performanceandconstraintsofacomputer-basedsystem

implementationofeachallocatedsystem

elementsoftwarearchitecture

timerequiredforsystemsimulation

Answer:a

6.Use-caseactorsarealwayspeople,neversystemdevices.

a.True

b.False

Answer:b

7.WhichofthefollowingisnotoneoftherequirementclassificationsusedinQualityFunctionDeployment(QFD)?

exciting

expected

mandatory

normal

Answer:c

8.Developacompleteuse-caseforoneofthefollowingactivities.

MakingawithdrawalatanATM

Usingyourchargecardforamealatarestaurant

Searchingforbooks(onaspecifictopic)usinganon-linebookstore

Solutiona

Use-case:withdrawalatanATM

Primaryactor:customer,bankcard,ATM

Precondition:ATMisready

Trigger:customerdecidestomakeawithdrawal

Scenario:

CustomerinsertbankcardintoATM

Customerinputpassword

Customerpressthewithdrawal

Customerinputthenumberofmoney

Customergetsthemoney

Customertakesoutthebankcard

Exception:

Thebankcardisnotrecognized–seeabnormalprocess

Passwordisincorrectornotrecognized–seeabnormalprocess

Moneydoesnotgetout–seeabnormalprocess

Thebankcardcannotbetookout–seeabnormalprocess

Whichoftheseisnotanelementofanobject-orientedanalysismodel?Answer:c

Behavioralelements

Class-basedelements

Dataelements

Scenario-basedelements

Whichofthefollowingisnotanobjectiveforbuildingananalysismodel?Answer:c

definesetofsoftwarerequirementsthatcanbevalidated

describecustomerrequirements

developanabbreviatedsolutionfortheproblem

establishbasisforsoftwaredesign

ThedataflowdiagramAnswer:e

depictsrelationshipsbetweendataobjects

depictsfunctionsthattransformthedataflow

indicateshowdataaretransformedbythesystem

indicatessystemreactionstoexternalevents

bothbandc

WhichofthefollowingitemsdoesnotappearonaCRCcard?Answer:c

classcollaborators

classname

classreliability

classresponsibilities

5.Forpurposesofbehaviormodelingastateisany

consumerorproducerofdata.

dataobjecthierarchy.

observablemodeofbehavior.

welldefinedprocess.

Answer:c

6.Attributescannotbedefinedforaclassuntildesignhasbeencompleted.

a.True

b.False

Answer:b

7.Operationsareobjectproceduresthatareinvokedwhenanobjectreceivesamessage.

True

False

Answer:a

8.UMLactivitydiagramsareusefulinrepresentingwhichanalysismodelelements?

a.Behavioralelements

b.Class-basedelements

c.Flow-basedelements

d.Scenario-basedelements

Answer:d

9.Whichofthefollowingshouldbeconsideredascandidateobjectsinaproblemspace?

a.eventsb.people

c.structured.alloftheabove

Answer:d

10.Inafewsentences,trytodescribetheprimarydifferencesbetweenstructuredanalysis

andobject-orientedanalysis.

Answer:Structuredanalysisbeginswithaconsiderationofthedataobjectsthatthesystemmustmanipulate.Instructuredanalysisthedataobjectsaredescribedwithadatadictionaryandtheentityrelationdiagram(ERD)depictsrelationshipsbetweendataobjects.Theflowandtransformationofdatathroughasystemarerepresentedusingthedataflowdiagram(DFD).Thestructuredanalysisalsoincorporatesabehavioralmodelingnotationcalledthestatetransitiondiagram(STD).Intheobjectorientedanalysismodel,class-basedelementsmodeltheobjectsthatthesystemwillmanipulate,theoperationsthatwillbeappliedtotheobjectstoeffectthemanipulation,relationships(somehierarchical)betweentheobjects,andthecollaborationsthatoccurbetweentheclassesthataredefined.InadditiontheOOmodelrepresentsthebehaviorofobjectsandthebehaviorofthesystem

Whichofthefollowingareareasofconcerninthedesignmodel?Answer:e

architecture

data

interface

projectscope

a,bandc

Whichofthesearecharacteristicsofagooddesign?Answer:e

exhibitsstrongcouplingbetweenitsmodules

implementsallrequirementsintheanalysismodel

includestestcasesforallcomponents

providesacompletepictureofthesoftware

bothbandd

Informationhidingmakesprogrammaintenanceeasierbyhidingdataandprocedurefromunaffectedpartsoftheprogram.Answer:a

True

False

CohesionisaqualitativeindicationofthedegreetowhichamoduleAnswer:b

canbewrittenmorecompactly.

focusesonjustonething.

isabletocompleteitsfunctioninatimelymanner.

isconnectedtoothermodulesandtheoutsideworld.

5.CouplingisaqualitativeindicationofthedegreetowhichamoduleAnswer:d

canbewrittenmorecompactly.

focusesonjustonething.

isabletocompleteitsfunctioninatimelymanner.

isconnectedtoothermodulesandtheoutsideworld.

6.PolymorphismreducestheeffortrequiredtoextendanobjectsystembyAnswer:b

couplingobjectstogethermoretightly.

enablinganumberofdifferentoperationstosharethesamename

makingobjectsmoredependentononeanother.

removingthebarriersimposedbyencapsulation.

7.Whichdesignmodelelementsareusedtodepictamodelofinformationrepresentedfromtheuser'sview?Answer:c

Architecturaldesignelements

Component-leveldesignelements

Datadesignelements

Interfacedesignelements

8.Whichdesignisanalogoustothefloorplanofahouse?Answer:a

a.Architecturaldesignelements

b.Component-leveldesignelements

c.Datadesignelements

d.Interfacedesignelements

9.Whichdesignmodelisanalogoustothedetaileddrawingsoftheaccesspointsandexternalutilitiesforahouse?

Architecturaldesignelements

Component-leveldesignelements

Datadesignelements

Interfacedesignelements

Answer:d

10.Whichdesignmodelisanalogoustoasetofdetaileddrawingsforeachroominahouse?

a.Architecturaldesignelements

b.Component-leveldesignelements

c.Datadesignelements

d.Interfacedesignelements

Answer:b

11.Thedeploymentdesignelementsspecifythebuildorderforthesoftwarecomponents.

a.True

b.False

Answer:b

12.Oneofthekeyproblemsinsoftwarereuseistheinabilitytofindexistingreusabledesignpatternswhenhundredsofcandidatesexist.

a.True

b.False

Answer:a

Anarchitecturalstyleencompasseswhichofthefollowingelements?Answer:e

constraints

setofcomponents

semanticmodels

syntacticmodels

a,bandc

Duringtheprocessofmodelingthesystemincontext,systemsthatinteractwiththetargetsystemarenotrepresentedasAnswer:d

Peer-levelsystems

Subordinatesystems

Super-ordinatesystems

Workingsystems

Whentheoverallflowinasegmentofadataflowdiagramislargelysequentialandfollowsstraight-linepaths,_________ispresent.Answer:d

lowcoupling

Goodmodularity

transactionflow

transformflow

WhenyouencounterbothtransformflowandtransactionflowinthesameDFDtheflowispartitionedandtheappropriatemappingtechniqueisusedoneachpartoftheDFD.Answer:a

True

False

5.Whenasingleitemthattriggersotherdataflowalongoneofmanypathsofadataflowdiagram,________characterizestheinformationflow.Answer:c

highcoupling

poormodularity

transactionflow

transformflow

6.IntransactionmappingthefirstlevelfactoringresultsintheAnswer:b

creationofCFD.

derivationofcontrolhierarchy

distributionofworkmodules

refinementofthemoduleview

7.AsuccessfulapplicationoftransformortransactionmappingtocreateanarchitecturaldesignissupplementedbyAnswer:e

entityrelationshipdiagram

moduleinterfacedescriptions

processingnarrativesforeachmodule

testcaseforeachmodule

Bothbandc

8.Thebestrepresentationofsystemarchitectureisanoperationalsoftwareprototype.Answer:b

a.True

b.False

1.Inthecontextofobject-orientedsoftwareengineeringacomponentcontains

attributesandoperations

instancesofeachclass

rolesforeachactor(deviceoruser)

asetofcollaboratingclasses

Answer:d

2.Intraditionalsoftwareengineering,modulesmustserveinwhichofthefollowingroles?

Controlcomponent

Infrastructurecomponent

Problemdomaincomponent

Alloftheabove

Answer:d

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthefourprinciplesusedtoguidecomponent-leveldesign?

DependencyInversionPrinciple

ParsimoniousComplexityPrinciple

InterfaceSegregationPrinciple

Open-ClosedPrinciple

Answer:b

4.Classesandcomponentsthatexhibitfunctional,layer,orcommunicationalcohesionarerelativelyeasytoimplement,test,andmaintain.Answer:a

True

False

5.Incomponentdesign,elaborationdoesnotrequirewhichofthefollowingelementstobedescribedindetail?

Sourcecode

Attributes

Interfaces

Operations

b,candd

Answer:a

6.Incomponent-leveldesign"persistentdatasources"refertoAnswer:e

Componentlibraries

Databases

Files

Alloftheabove

Bothbandc

7.Theobjectconstraintlanguage(OCL)complementsUMLbyallowingasoftwareengineertouseaformalgrammartoconstructunambiguousstatementsaboutdesignmodelelements.

True

False

Answer:a

8.Whichofthesecriteriaareusefulinassessingtheeffectivenessofaparticulardesignnotation?

a.maintainabilityb.modularityc.simplicityd.sizee.a,b,andc

Answer:e

Whichofthefollowinginterfacedesignprinciplesdoesnotallowtheusertoremainincontroloftheinteractionwithacomputer?Answer:d

allowinteractiontointerruptible

allowinteractiontobeundoable

hidetechnicalinternalsfromcasualusers

onlyprovideonedefinedmethodforaccomplishingatask

Whichofthefollowinginterfacedesignprinciplesreducestheuser'smemoryload?Answer:e

defineintuitiveshortcuts

discloseinformationinaprogressivefashion

establishmeaningfuldefaults

provideanon-linetutorial

answersa,bandc

InterfaceconsistencyimpliesthatAnswer:e

eachapplicationshouldhaveitsowndistinctivelookandfeel

inputmechanismsremainthesamethroughouttheapplication

navigationalmethodsarecontextsensitive

visualinformationisorganizedaccordingtoadesignstandard

bothbandd

Thereasonforreducingtheuser'smemoryloadismakehisorherinteractionwiththecomputerquickertocomplete.Answer:b

True

False

5.Whichmodeldepictstheprofileoftheendusersofacomputersystem?Answer:c

designmodel

implementationmodel

usermodel

user'smodel

6.Whichoftheseframeworkactivitiesisnotnormallyassociatedwiththeuserinterfacedesignprocesses?Answer:a

costestimation

interfaceconstruction

interfacevalidation

userandtaskanalysis

7.Whichapproach(es)tousertaskanalysiscanbeusefulinuserinterfacedesign?Answer:e

haveusersindicatetheirpreferencesonquestionnaires

relyonthejudgementofexperiencedprogrammers

studyexistingcomputer-basedsolutions

observeusersperformingtasksmanually

bothcandd

8.SeveralusabilitymeasurescanbecollectedwhileobservingusersinteractingwithacomputersystemincludingAnswer:e

a.downtimefortheapplicationb.numberofusererrors

c.softwarereliabilityd.timespentlookingathelpmaterials

e.bothbandd

Whichofthefollowinginterfacedesignprinciplesallowtheusertoremainincontroloftheinteractionwithacomputer?Answer:e

allowinteractiontointerruptible

allowinteractiontobeundoable

hidetechnicalinternalsfromcasualusers

onlyprovideonedefinedmethodforaccomplishingatask

a,bandc

Whichofthefollowinginterfacedesignprinciplesdoesnotreducetheuser'smemoryload?

defineintuitiveshortcuts

discloseinformationinaprogressivefashion

establishmeaningfuldefaults

provideanoff-linetutorial

answersa,bandcAnswer:d

Interfaceconsistencyimpliesthat

eachapplicationshouldhaveitsowndistinctivelookandfeel

inputmechanismsremainthesamethroughouttheapplication

navigationalmethodsarecontextsensitive

visualinformationisorganizedaccordingtoadesignstandard

bothbanddAnswer:e

Ifpastinteractivemodelshavecreatedcertainuserexpectationsitisnotgenerallygoodtomakechangestothemodel.

TruebFalseAnswer:a

5.Whichmodeldepictstheimageofasystemthatanendusercreatesinhisorherhead?

designmodel

usermodel

systemmodel

d.systemperceptionAnswer:d

6.Whichoftheseframeworkactivitiesisnormallyassociatedwiththeuserinterfacedesignprocesses?

costestimation

interfaceconstruction

interfacevalidation

userandtaskanalysis

b,canddAnswer:e

7.Whichapproach(es)tousertaskanalysiscanbeusefulinuserinterfacedesign?

haveusersindicatetheirpreferencesonquestionnaires

relyonthejudgementofexperiencedprogrammers

studyexistingprojectmanagement

observeusersperformingtasksmanuallyAnswer:d

8.Severalcommondesignissuessurfaceforalmosteveryuserinterfaceincluding

a.adaptiveuserprofilesb.errorhandlingresolutionofgraphics

c.responsetimed.displayssystem

e.bothbanddAnswer:e

Whatisthenormalorderofactivitiesinwhichtraditionalsoftwaretestingisorganized?Answer:c

integrationtesting,unittesting,systemtesting,validationtesting

systemtesting,validationtesting,integrationtesting,unittesting

validationtesting,unittesting,integrationtesting,systemtesting

unittesting,integrationtesting,validationtesting,systemtesting

Whichofthefollowingstrategicissuesneedstobeaddressedinasuccessfulsoftwaretestingprocess?Answer:e

conductformaltechnicalreviewspriortotesting

specifyrequirementsinaquantifiablemanner

useindependenttestteams

waittillcodeiswrittenpriortowritingthetestplan

answersaandb

Whichofthefollowingneedtobeassessedduringunittesting?Answer:e

algorithmicperformance

codestability

errorhandling

executionpaths

bothcandd

Driversandstubsarenotneededforunittestingbecausethemodulesaretestedindependentlyofoneanother.Answer:b

True

False

5.Top-downintegrationtestinghasasit‘smajoradvantage(s)thatAnswer:e

lowlevelmodulesneverneedtesting

majordecisionpointsaretestedearly

nodriversneedtobewritten

nostubsneedtobewritten

bothbandc

6.Bottom-upintegrationtestinghasasit'smajoradvantage(s)thatAnswer:c

majordecisionpointsaretestedearly

nodriversneedtobewritten

nostubsneedtobewritten

regressiontestingisnotrequired

7.TheOOtestingintegrationstrategyinvolvestestingAnswer:a

groupsofclassesthatcollaborateorcommunicateinsomeway

singleoperationsastheyareaddedtotheevolvingclassimplementation

operatorprogramsderivedfromuse-casescenarios

noneoftheabove

8.Whichofthefollowingisanapproachtodebugging?Answer:e

a.backtracking

b.causeelimination

c.bruteforce

d.coderestructuring

e.a,bandc

Whichofthefollowingarecharacteristicsoftestablesoftware?Answer:d

observability

simplicity

stability

alloftheabove

Thetestingtechniquethatrequiresdevisingtestcasestodemonstratethateachprogramfunctionisoperationaliscalled?Answer:a

black-boxtesting

glass-boxtesting

grey-boxtesting

white-b