2024屆新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練習(xí)“8+4+4”小題期末狂練(16)(教師版)_第1頁(yè)
2024屆新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練習(xí)“8+4+4”小題期末狂練(16)(教師版)_第2頁(yè)
2024屆新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練習(xí)“8+4+4”小題期末狂練(16)(教師版)_第3頁(yè)
2024屆新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練習(xí)“8+4+4”小題期末狂練(16)(教師版)_第4頁(yè)
2024屆新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練習(xí)“8+4+4”小題期末狂練(16)(教師版)_第5頁(yè)
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2024屆高三“8+4+4”小題期末沖刺練(16)一、單項(xiàng)選擇題:本題共8小題,每小題5分,共40分.在每小題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的.1.已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】解SKIPIF1<0,得:SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.2.已知復(fù)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿(mǎn)足SKIPIF1<0,則復(fù)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0()A.i B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.3.已知向量SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0()ASKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】已知向量SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0解得:SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,故選:A.4.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的部分圖象大致為()A. B.C. D.【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)題意,對(duì)于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,有函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),圖象關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱(chēng),故排除A?B;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則恒有SKIPIF1<0,排除D;故選:C.5.已知等差數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0,其前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和為SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,且滿(mǎn)足SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0成等比數(shù)列,則SKIPIF1<0等于()A.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.2【答案】C【解析】由已知可得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0的公差為SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.故選:C6.如圖,為了測(cè)量某鐵塔的高度,測(cè)量人員選取了與該塔底B在同一平面內(nèi)的兩個(gè)觀測(cè)點(diǎn)C與D,現(xiàn)測(cè)得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0米,在點(diǎn)C處測(cè)得塔頂A的仰角為SKIPIF1<0,則該鐵塔的高度約為().(參考數(shù)據(jù):SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0)A.42米 B.47米 C.38米 D.52米【答案】B【解析】在SKIPIF1<0中,由題意可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由正弦定理SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以該鐵塔的高度約為47米.故選:B.7.已知正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿(mǎn)足SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,則以下結(jié)論正確的是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,可知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,由SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,由題SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0,所以有SKIPIF1<0,在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中分別作出SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由圖像可得SKIPIF1<0,則A錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于B,SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由圖像可知SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,B錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于C,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故C正確;對(duì)于D,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,D錯(cuò)誤;故選:C8.《九章算術(shù)》是我國(guó)古代數(shù)學(xué)名著,它在幾何學(xué)中的研究比西方早一千多年,其中有很多對(duì)幾何體外接球與內(nèi)切球的研究.其中的一些研究思想啟發(fā)著后來(lái)者的研究方向.已知正四棱錐SKIPIF1<0的外接球半徑為R,內(nèi)切球半徑為r,且兩球球心重合,則SKIPIF1<0()A.2 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】如圖:設(shè)底面正方形ABCD的對(duì)角線長(zhǎng)為2a,高為h,,正方形的中心為O,外接球的球心為SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0①,SKIPIF1<0②,以O(shè)為原點(diǎn),建立空間直角坐標(biāo)系如上圖,則有SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)平面PCD的一個(gè)法向量為SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)向量SKIPIF1<0與平面PCD的夾角為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,球心SKIPIF1<0到平面PCD的距離SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由①得SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0③,故設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則③可整理成SKIPIF1<0,兩邊平方得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由①②得SKIPIF1<0;故選:B.二、多項(xiàng)選擇題:本題共4小題,每小題5分,共20分.在每小題給出的選項(xiàng)中,有多項(xiàng)符合題目要求,全部選對(duì)的得5分,有選錯(cuò)的得0分,部分選對(duì)的得3分.9.小明上學(xué)有時(shí)坐公交車(chē),有時(shí)騎自行車(chē),他各記錄了10次坐公交車(chē)和騎自行車(chē)所花的時(shí)間,10次坐公交車(chē)所花的時(shí)間分別為7,11,8,12,8,13,6,13,7,15(單位:min),10次騎自行車(chē)所花時(shí)間的均值為15min,方差為1.已知坐公交車(chē)所花時(shí)間X與騎自行車(chē)所花時(shí)間Y都服從正態(tài)分布,用樣本均值和樣本方差估計(jì)X,Y分布中的參數(shù),并利用信息技術(shù)工具畫(huà)出X和Y的分布密度曲線如圖所示.若小明每天需在早上8點(diǎn)之前到校,否則就遲到,則下列判斷正確的是()A.坐公交車(chē)所花時(shí)間的均值為10,方差為3B.若小明早上7:50之后出發(fā),并選擇坐公交車(chē),則有50%以上的可能性會(huì)遲到C.若小明早上7:42出發(fā),則應(yīng)選擇騎自行車(chē)D.若小明早上7:47出發(fā),則應(yīng)選擇坐公交車(chē)【答案】BCD【解析】A:坐公交車(chē)所花時(shí)間的均值為SKIPIF1<0,方差為SKIPIF1<0,故選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤.B:根據(jù)題意,可以得到SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0之后出發(fā),并選擇坐公交車(chē),有SKIPIF1<0以上的可能性會(huì)超過(guò)SKIPIF1<0,即8點(diǎn)之后到校,會(huì)遲到,故選項(xiàng)B正確.C:由圖可知,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,應(yīng)選擇在給定的時(shí)間內(nèi)不遲到的概率大的交通工具.SKIPIF1<0小明早上7:42出發(fā),有SKIPIF1<0可用,則應(yīng)選擇騎自行車(chē),故選項(xiàng)C正確.D:小明早上7:47出發(fā),只有SKIPIF1<0可用,則應(yīng)選擇坐公交車(chē),故選項(xiàng)D正確.故選:BCD.10.已知雙曲線SKIPIF1<0過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且漸近線方程為SKIPIF1<0,則下列結(jié)論正確的是()A.SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0的離心率為SKIPIF1<0C.曲線SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過(guò)SKIPIF1<0的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn) D.直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)公共點(diǎn)【答案】AC【解析】由雙曲線的漸近線方程為SKIPIF1<0,可設(shè)雙曲線方程為SKIPIF1<0,把點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0代入,得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0雙曲線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0正確;由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0雙曲線SKIPIF1<0的離心率為SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0錯(cuò)誤;取SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,曲線SKIPIF1<0過(guò)定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0正確;聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,化簡(jiǎn)得SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0只有一個(gè)公共點(diǎn),故SKIPIF1<0不正確.故選:AC.11.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則下列說(shuō)法正確的是()A.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增B.SKIPIF1<0為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象的一條對(duì)稱(chēng)軸C.將SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位,得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,若SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有3個(gè)零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0【答案】BCD【解析】由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,對(duì)于A,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,故A錯(cuò)誤,對(duì)于B,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故B正確,對(duì)于C,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由于SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,C正確,對(duì)于D,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的正零點(diǎn)有SKIPIF1<0,要使SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有3個(gè)零點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0,故D正確,故選:BCD12.若存在實(shí)常數(shù)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0,使得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0對(duì)其公共定義域上的任意實(shí)數(shù)x都滿(mǎn)足:SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則稱(chēng)此直線SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0的“隔離直線”,已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0為自然對(duì)數(shù)的底數(shù)),則()A.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)單調(diào)遞減;B.SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0之間存在“隔離直線”,且SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0;C.SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0之間存在“隔離直線”,且SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0;D.SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0之間存在唯一的“隔離直線”SKIPIF1<0.【答案】BD【解析】對(duì)于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的隔離直線為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0對(duì)任意SKIPIF1<0恒成立,即SKIPIF1<0對(duì)任意SKIPIF1<0恒成立.由SKIPIF1<0對(duì)任意SKIPIF1<0恒成立得:SKIPIF1<0.⑴若SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0符合題意;⑵若SKIPIF1<0則有SKIPIF1<0對(duì)任意SKIPIF1<0恒成立,SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)稱(chēng)軸為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;又SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)稱(chēng)軸為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;同理可得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;綜上所述:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0正確,SKIPIF1<0錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0圖象在SKIPIF1<0處有公共點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0若存在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0的隔離直線,那么該直線過(guò)這個(gè)公共點(diǎn).設(shè)隔離直線的斜率為SKIPIF1<0,則隔離直線方程為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0恒成立,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0不恒成立.若SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,對(duì)稱(chēng)軸為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0不恒成立.若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0對(duì)稱(chēng)軸為SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0.此時(shí)直線方程為:SKIPIF1<0,下面證明SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取到極小值,也是最小值,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0存在唯一的隔離直線SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0正確.故選:BD.三、填空題:本題共4小題,每小題5分,多空題,第一空2分,第二空3分,共20分.13.SKIPIF1<0展開(kāi)式中的常數(shù)項(xiàng)為_(kāi)_________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0.【解析】通項(xiàng)公式Tr+1SKIPIF1<0(x2)6﹣rSKIPIF1<0(﹣1)rSKIPIF1<0x12﹣3r,令12﹣3r=0,解得r=4.∴展開(kāi)式中的常數(shù)項(xiàng)SKIPIF1<015.故答案為15.14.已知數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0的前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0是等差數(shù)列,則SKIPIF1<0的通項(xiàng)公式為_(kāi)___________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,若數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0是等差數(shù)列,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.15.已知在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,

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