基于沖擊脈沖輻射天線的高功率超寬帶電磁脈沖輻射系統(tǒng)

王紹飛，謝彥召，葛曉宇摘要：為給超寬帶電磁脈沖效應(yīng)機(jī)理與防護(hù)技術(shù)的研究提供實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺，研制了一種基于沖擊脈沖輻射天線(impulseradiationantenna,IRA)的高功率超寬帶電磁脈沖輻射系統(tǒng)，輻射系統(tǒng)由射特性；輻射系統(tǒng)可通過改變鋒化開關(guān)的氣壓High-PowerUltra-WidebandElectromagneticPul(StateKeyLaboratoryofElectricalInsulationandPowerEquipment,XAbstract：Inordertoprovideanexperimemechanismandprotectiontechnology,ahigh-powerultra-widebandelectromagnetipulseradiationantenna(IRA)isdeveloped.Theradiationsystemiapeakingswitch,anIRA,andadielecbasedonhydrogenthyristordpeakingswitchhasatantenna,andthemaximumworkingpressureoftheswitchlensisdesignedtocorrecttheinfluenceofhigofIRAandimprovetheradiatingperformanceoftheanchangingtheairpressureandchargingvoltageofthegasswitch.Thetestresultsshooftheradiationsystemareasfollows:inthetimedomain,therisingedgeoftps,theamplitudeisabout±8kV/mInthefrequencydomain,thecenterfrequencyoftheradiatingfieldisTheradiationsystemcanbeKeywords：ultra-widebandelProjectsupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(52007140).412成不可逆損傷[1-5]。超寬帶電磁脈沖信號時域前沿脅[6-7]。開展高功率超寬帶電磁脈沖輻射技術(shù)的研輻射系統(tǒng)，包括TEM喇叭天線[9]、圓錐天線、究實(shí)驗(yàn)室研發(fā)的沖擊脈沖輻射天線(impulseradiat-ingantenna,IRA)系統(tǒng)[13]和俄羅斯大電流所研發(fā)的組合振子天線陣列(combinedantennaarray)系統(tǒng)最差分脈沖高壓源模塊主要由氫閘流管、觸發(fā)Fig.1Thediagramoft隔離電感脈沖變壓器觸發(fā)信號接口氫閘隔離電感脈沖變壓器觸發(fā)信號接口氫閘流管充電電容王紹飛，謝彥召，葛曉宇：基于沖擊脈沖輻射天線的高功率超寬帶電磁脈沖輻射系統(tǒng)413Fig.2Thepictureofthedifferen化開關(guān)擊穿后形成的快脈沖(頻率較高)返回脈沖變Fig.3Thepictureofthedifferen的開關(guān)信號，經(jīng)過可重復(fù)觸發(fā)單穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器氫閘流管觸發(fā)控制電路輸出的觸發(fā)脈沖波形Fig.4ThewaveformofthetriggervoltageofthehydrogenFig.5Thepictureofthepeakingβ2=2arctan(m?14tan(β02))K(m)K(m)tanβ2根據(jù)式(1)可得到共面平板饋臂特性阻抗與其然后結(jié)合拋物面直徑D和焦距F計(jì)算饋臂的結(jié)構(gòu)參=2arctan(mtan(β=2arctan(mtan(β02))考慮到天線口徑阻塞率及與脈沖源阻抗匹配400Ω,通常兩對饋臂并聯(lián)饋電，天線輸入阻抗為Fig.6ThediagramofthepulserFig.7Thedependenceoftheimpparameteroftheco-planarfeedingarmsFig.8Designprincipleofdielectric王紹飛，謝彥召，葛曉宇：基于沖擊脈沖輻射天線的高功率超寬帶電磁脈沖輻射系統(tǒng)4θ2max=2arctan=β0sinθ2max=cossinθ2max2εrh0=sinθ2max ABsin2θ1 ABsin2θ1B2?2ABεrcosθ1+A2εrBcosθ1?Aεr+?BB2?2ABεrcosθ1+A2εr?A2sin2θ1B2?2ABεrcosθ1+A2εr?tanθ2,0≤θ1≤90°2用變壓器油提高絕緣強(qiáng)度，變壓器油介電常數(shù)為Fig.9ThesimulationmodelsoftheFig.10Simulationmodelofthe416下，測得其主軸方向距離天線口徑5.5m處輻射場頻域中心頻率為400MHz，基于能量范數(shù)比定義Fig.12Theconfigurationofthemeasurem7Fig.13Waveformandspect王紹飛，謝彥召，葛曉宇：基于沖擊脈沖輻射天線的高功率超寬帶電磁脈沖輻射系統(tǒng)4173）通過調(diào)節(jié)鋒化開關(guān)的氣壓及充電電壓，實(shí)environments(IEME)[J].IEE[2]NITSCHD.Couplingandeffectsofultra-wcomplexelectronicsystems[D].Hamburg,Germationalelectromagneticinterference)[C]∥Proceburgh,USA:IEEE,2012:ofSiC-TVSdevicesforhighpowerelectromageticpulsementalmonitoringsystemsuitablefoXIONGJiuliang,WUZharityoftypicalfrequencymodulationfoffuze-ultrawidebandhighelectromagneticpulseeBeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,2021,47(LIQiangbing,LIUDan.Adesignofsystem[J].JournalofTeGAOHuailin,ZHANGZhiqiang,GAODongping,etfectresearch:areview[ElectromagneticCompatibilitennasforhighpulsedpowerappliandotherapplications[M].Cambridgebandshort-pulseradiosystems[M].BostonMENGFanbao.HighpowerEMpulsetechnology[M].onakindofhigh-powercoplaHighPowerLaserandParticleBeams,[17]王紹飛.基于效應(yīng)最大化原則的超寬帶電磁脈沖輻射天線技術(shù)研theprincipleofthemaximizationofelectromagneticpulseeffects[D].tra-widebandcombinedantennasformaximumradiationwithinfiniteaperturearea[J].IEEETransactricfieldcalculationofImpulseradiatingtenna(IRA)technology[pulseradiatin