風光儲混合系統(tǒng)的雷電過電壓仿真

張毅龍，沈思遠，楊冬陽，劉亞坤摘要：風光儲混合系統(tǒng)相比于單一風電場或影響。結果表明，混合系統(tǒng)中光伏側遭受雷母線的架空線長度或減小光伏側的架空線長SimulationofOvervoltageinWi(KeyLaboratoryofControlofPowerTransmissionandConversion,MinistryofEducation,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,Abstract：Comparedwithasinglewindfarmorphotovolttemhasthecharacteristicsofmulti-terminalsouresponseofthehybridsystemaredistinctfromthoseofasinglesystem.ThePSentmodelofthewind-photovoltaic-energystoragehybridsystem.Then,thhybridsystemiscalculated,andtheeffectsoflightninglocation,overheadlinelengthandarrestergroundingmodeonovervoltagelevelofthehybridsystemareanalyzed.Resultsshowthat,inthehybridtransformerwhenthephotovoltaicsideisstruckbyliglightning.Theovervoltageofthehybridsystemcanbereducedbyincreasingthelengthoftheoverheadlineconnectedtothebusfromthewindturbinesideandbmongroundingmethodisadoptphotovoltaicsides,andtheseparategrounKeywords：lightningstrike;PSCAD;wind-photovoltaic-ProjectsupportedbyNationalKeyR&DProgram已有工作多集中在單一的風電機組或光伏發(fā)張毅龍，沈思遠，楊冬陽，等：風光儲混合系統(tǒng)的雷電過電壓仿真需要建立基于變壓器與輸電線路連接下的風-光-架空線)的頻率相關特性和公共母線各端側的電氣變壓器以及連接線路等構成，風電機組之間采用me?αt/m/m/m/m/m/m4.7×10-34.6×10-2Fig.1Schematicdiagramofwind-photovoltFig.2Circuitequivalentmodelofligh740Δl<0.1cfu(2)Rb依據(jù)式(3)計算得到，葉片內(nèi)部引下線的電感Lb與電容Cb由平均電位法計算得到[14]。計算可得Rt=1+?1142?52Rt0(4)由式(5)和(6)得到[15]。計算可得Rt=5.6mΩ、Lt=μ0htCt=2πε0Hln(6)r1計算可得R1=862mΩ、R2=180mΩ、R3=193mΩ、L1=ln?1?lnp1(7)Fig.3SectiondiagramofthreeL2,3=lnC1=2πε0εrhtln(m+m2?1)C2=πε0εrhtlna+?4式(9)—(12)中：εr為絕緣層的相對介電常數(shù)；張毅龍，沈思遠，楊冬陽，等：風光儲混合系統(tǒng)的雷電過電壓仿真Fig.4Transientanalysiscircuit742Rdcs和線圈電感Ldcs連接直流匯流箱與并網(wǎng)逆變器。PV1?f型和池儲能系統(tǒng)的建模采用多組電池儲能單元與PCS型建模[22]，如圖8所示。該電路由電壓源、內(nèi)阻LCL型濾波器可有效濾除高次諧波且在低開關頻Fig.5EquivalentcircuitofphotovoltFig.6Equivalentcircuitofi2PV1?f4Fig.7Transientmodelofthree-phFig.8EquivalentcircuitofbatteryenerFig.9Transientanalysis張毅龍，沈思遠，楊冬陽，等：風光儲混合系統(tǒng)的雷電過電壓仿真7風光儲混合系統(tǒng)在低壓側位置安裝有電涌保裝有無間隙氧化鋅避雷器(metaloxidearrester,線性電阻器對SPD進行建模，該模型可直接輸入I-V特性，支路電阻在整個工作區(qū)域內(nèi)呈分段線性側和儲能PCS電網(wǎng)側的暫態(tài)電壓峰值分別為進一步分析風光儲混合系統(tǒng)中變壓器的過電Fig.10StructureofoverheadlinesFig.11EquivalentcircuiTable3Overvoltagedis位置(a)時，風機側變壓器高壓側的過電壓峰值為端源載混合特點的風?光?儲電路連接的阻抗特征與單一風電場或光伏系統(tǒng)的端口阻抗特征明顯不系統(tǒng)中因變壓器與風機公共接地導致接地電阻減744Table4OvervoltagediΩ單一系統(tǒng)[26]51351Fig.12Overvoltageofwindturbinegeneratointrusionposition(a)andovervoltageofphotovoltFig.13Overvoltageofphotovoltaicinverterintrusionposition(a)andovervoltageofwindFig.14Gridsidetransientvo當光伏系統(tǒng)接入母線的架空線長度由250m增高壓側的暫態(tài)電壓增加了6%，儲能系統(tǒng)中變壓器張毅龍，沈思遠，楊冬陽，等：風光儲混合系統(tǒng)的雷電過電壓仿真7變壓器低壓側所裝SPD通常采用與中性點公計算得到不同避雷器接地方式下混合系統(tǒng)中器均采用單獨接地方式時，當雷電流侵入位置(a)不同避雷器接地方式下混合系統(tǒng)不同位置出2）增大風電場接入母線的架空線長度和減小Fig.15InfluenceofoverheadlinelengthontransientvoltagepeakathighvoltagesideoftransformerFig.16Transientvoltageathighvolt3）風電機組與光伏系統(tǒng)的變壓器高壓側避雷LIQingmin,YUWanshui,ZndsolfageEngineering,2021,47(9)入波過電壓幅值與波形特征統(tǒng)計分析[J].高電壓技術，2021，746analysisoftheamplitudeandwavefor[3]王曉輝，張小青.考慮參數(shù)頻變特性的風機塔體雷電暫態(tài)計算[J].binetowersinvolvingfrequency-dependentcharacteristhewindvanetowerbarrelonneering,2012,38(10):267roof-mountedphotovoltaicpowergenerationsystems[J]IEEEAccess,2018,6:22[7]趙煒.大型集中式并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部雷電過電壓保護研究tem[D].Beijing,ChLIULi.SimulationresearchonpZHANGPing,WUXianteng,ZHAOXinhe,etal.LightnageEngineering,2020,46(ofwindturbineforlightninZHAOHaixiang,WANGXiaorong.OvervolWUMingli,FANYu.NumericalcalculatulationoflightningovervoElectricalInsulationConference.[19]MAHMOUDYA,XIAOWD,ZEINELDINHH.AparameterizationIndustrialElectronics,2013,6transientscausedbylightInternationalConfe[21]DASJC.Surgestrturecontrolforthree-phasecon