大學(xué)英語(yǔ)4-期末復(fù)習(xí)資料

VocabularyUnit51.InawayIprefershoppingonlinebecauseitismoreconvenientandsavestime.譯文：在某種程度上，我更喜歡網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物，因?yàn)樗臃奖愣夜?jié)省時(shí)間。注釋：Inaway意為“在某一方面，在某種意義上，在某種程度上”。ThesuccessofmechanicsindiscoveringreliableandusefullawsofnaturesuggestedtoGalileothatallnatureisdesignedinaccordancewithmechanicallaws.譯文：力學(xué)中一些可信的有用的自然定律的成功發(fā)現(xiàn)啟發(fā)了伽利略：整個(gè)自然與力學(xué)定律是協(xié)調(diào)一致的。注釋：inaccordancewith意為“與…一致；依照?！盇(n)vacancyexistsforasalesmanageratourParisoffice.Ifyou’reinterestedinit,pleasesendusanapplicationletterandyourresumeatonce.譯文：在我們巴黎辦事處有一個(gè)銷售經(jīng)理的職位空缺。如果你有興趣請(qǐng)即刻給我們一份求職信和簡(jiǎn)歷。Ifyouareover18andingoodcondition,it’scompletelysafetodothejob.譯文：如果你超過(guò)了18歲而且身體狀況很好，那么做這份工作就很安全。Plasticscanbemadehardasstone,strongassteel,transparentasglass,andlightaswood.譯文：塑料能夠被制造得像石頭那樣堅(jiān)硬，像鋼鐵那樣堅(jiān)固，像玻璃那樣透明，像木頭那樣輕。Coattheshoeswithpolish(擦亮劑)，thenrubhardwithasoftclothtogiveashine.譯文：把鞋油涂到鞋上，然后用軟布用力摩擦使鞋發(fā)亮。Itwasprobablyjustaspicyjoketothem,butitwasn’tfunnytomeatall.譯文：對(duì)他們而言，那可能只是一個(gè)粗俗的笑話，但對(duì)我而言，那笑話一點(diǎn)兒也不好玩。注釋：spicy在此意為“下流的，粗俗的”。Michael’spraiseformywifeopenedmyeyesandtaughtmetoshowgratitudeforherday-to-dayheroism(英雄主義)，whichIhadhithertotakenforgranted.譯文：邁克爾對(duì)我妻子的贊揚(yáng)使我注意到并教會(huì)我對(duì)她的日常勇敢行為必存感激，迄今為止我對(duì)她這種行為習(xí)以為常了。注釋：hitherto意為“迄今，到目前為止”。Thewaitressdidbringuscleanplateseventually,butwith(a)badgrace.譯文：那個(gè)女侍者最后的確給我們拿來(lái)了干凈的盤子，但是很不情愿。注釋：with(a)badgrace意為“勉強(qiáng)地，不情愿地”Somescientistsbelievethathumanbeingsarebornwitha(n)instinctforusingtheirarmsandlegstostayafloat(漂浮著)，which,however,disappearswithinafewmonthsafterbirth.譯文：一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，人類天生就有具有一種本能，能夠用他們的胳膊和腿讓自己漂浮起來(lái)，然而，這一本能在出生后幾個(gè)月后就消失了。Inordertopaythebills,Lindapawnedhergrandfather’sgoldwatchinsecret.譯文：為了付賬，琳達(dá)偷偷當(dāng)?shù)袅俗娓傅慕鸨怼Ｗ⑨專簆awn用作名詞，意為“（國(guó)際象棋中的）卒”，在此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為“典當(dāng)，抵押”Fishinstinctivelyfighttheirwayupstreamagainstthecurrent,andmanywaterbirdsandanimalshavetheabilitytotravellongdistances.譯文：魚本能地逆流而上，而且許多水禽和水上動(dòng)物都有遠(yuǎn)距離的遷徙能力。注釋：current此處為名詞，意為“水流”2.Allanandhisgirlfriendarrangedtomeetattheparkat1:30,butsomehowheneverturnedup.(turn)譯文：艾倫和他女朋友計(jì)劃好一點(diǎn)半在公園見面，但不知怎么的，他始終沒露面注釋：turnup意為“出現(xiàn)，來(lái)臨，露面”Unlesssomethingurgentdemandsherattention,Marywillsticktoherstudyschedulethatincludesbreakseverytwohours.Shethinksthattryingtostudywhenyouareovertiredisn’tsmart.(stick)譯文：除非有緊急的事情需要關(guān)注，瑪麗堅(jiān)持每隔兩小時(shí)休息一次的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。她認(rèn)為過(guò)于疲勞時(shí)還努力學(xué)習(xí)是不明智的IhappenedtoseehiminBostonandwetalkedaboutourtimetogetherinschoolanditreallybroughtbacksomefondmemories.(bring)譯文：我碰巧在波士頓遇到他，于是我們談?wù)撝覀円黄鹪趯W(xué)校的時(shí)光，這的確帶來(lái)了一些甜蜜的回憶Inthepresentfinancialcrisis,manycollegegraduatesfeelunsurehowtogoaboutlookingforajob.(go)譯文：處在金融危機(jī)之際，許多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生不能確定怎樣著手找到一份工作注釋：goaboutdoingsth.意為“著手做某事”Thespeakerkeptontalkingforaboutanhour,butIjustdidn’tunderstandwhathewasdrivingat.（drive）譯文：這位發(fā)言者連續(xù)講了約一個(gè)小時(shí)，但是我就是不能理解他講的是什么注釋：driveat意為“意指，用意所在”Grannyfoldedupthetowelsandputthemawayinthecupboard.(put)譯文：奶奶把毛巾疊起來(lái)放進(jìn)衣柜里注釋：putaway意為“放好，儲(chǔ)備…備用”Evenwhenshedidn’tsayanythingyoucouldseeherturningthingsoverinhermind.(turn)譯文：即使她什么都沒說(shuō)，你也能注意到她正在反復(fù)思考這些事情注釋：turnover意為“反復(fù)思考，考慮”Thestatementtookhimsomuchabackthatforamomenthewaslostforwords.(take)譯文：這番話讓他大吃一驚，以至于有一陣子他不知該說(shuō)什么好注釋：takesb.Aback意為“使某人大吃一驚”Unit61.Tostimulateconsumption,farmersnowcanbuyhouseholdapplianceswithgovernmentsubsidy.譯文：為了刺激消費(fèi)，農(nóng)民可以通過(guò)政府補(bǔ)貼來(lái)購(gòu)買家用電器。Conventionalmedicinehasconcentratedmainlyonthetreatmentofchronicandacuteillness,anduntilrecentyearstheroleofpreventive()medicinehassufferedcomparativeneglect.譯文：傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)一直主要致力于慢性病和急性病的治療，而且直到近幾年，預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)的作用還一直相對(duì)地遭到冷遇。Costapart,youshouldrememberthathoweverfancyafridgeis,itdoesn’tkillbacteria();itonlyshowsdowntherateatwhichtheymultiply.譯文：除去費(fèi)用，你應(yīng)該記住，不管電冰箱有多別致，它也不能夠殺滅細(xì)菌，它只能降低細(xì)菌的繁殖速度。Theeconomicplannerareseekingtoachieveafairerdistributionofwealththroughoutsociety,butit’seasiersaidthandone,Ithink.譯文：經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)劃師正設(shè)法在全社會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)更為公平的財(cái)富分配，但我認(rèn)為這說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。注釋：seektodo…意為“設(shè)法做…”，相當(dāng)于trytodo…；distribution意為“分配”Thetownhasbeenproducingwool,cloth,andblanketssincethe13thcenturyandmuchofitsprosperitytodayisstillfoundedonthoseindustries.譯文：自13世紀(jì)以來(lái)，這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)一直生產(chǎn)羊毛、布匹和地毯，它今天的許多繁榮興旺任然建立在那些工業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)上。I’veheardofacompanythatprovidesguidanceandhelpsothatyoucandecorateyourhousetoyourown譯文:帝國(guó)會(huì)瓦解，民族會(huì)消亡，但是一首好歌永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)消失Thegirlbegantomoanandthrashaboutonthebedwhenthepainsreturnedinfullforce.譯文：當(dāng)疼痛再次發(fā)威時(shí)，女孩開始呻吟著在床上來(lái)回翻滾。注釋：thrashabout意為“躁動(dòng)不安地動(dòng)來(lái)動(dòng)去，煩躁不安地翻動(dòng)”Theguy,whendrunk,usedtobecomebelligerent(好斗的)，inthatcasehiswifewouldkeephimoutofthewayifherfriendshappenedtodropby.譯文：喝醉酒的時(shí)候，這個(gè)男人經(jīng)常變得掙強(qiáng)好斗。鑒于這種情況，如果她的朋友碰巧造訪，他的妻子會(huì)讓他不再礙事注釋：outoftheway意為“不礙事”Denmark’snumeroussmalllakesareformedinsmallhollowsleftinthegroundbymeltingicefromtheglaciers(冰川)丹麥的許多小湖泊是冰川的融冰在地面上留下的洼地形成的Tomakeourclimbeasier,ourguidehadcutatrailthoughthetangledtreesandundergrowththatledtoournextcampsite譯文：為了讓攀登變得更容易些，我們的向?qū)г陔s亂的樹叢和灌木叢中開辟了一條通往下一營(yíng)區(qū)的小徑注釋：tangled意為“纏結(jié)的，糾纏的”；that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞trailTocultivateafinetasteforliterature,oneshouldstudytheclassicsinsteadofreadingwhateverhecangethishandson.譯文：為了培養(yǎng)良好的文學(xué)鑒賞力，一個(gè)人應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)典名著而不是只是閱讀隨手可得的任何書籍。Thecarpetonthefloorwasstainedandtorn,thewindowsnearlyopaquewithdirt,andthewallslookedasiftheyhadneverbeenrepaintedsincetheplacewasconstructed.譯文：地板上的地毯又臟又破，窗戶上的玻璃也布滿灰塵不在透光，墻壁像是自從這個(gè)地方建成以來(lái)從未重新粉刷過(guò)Locatedattheedgeofthetown,Henry’sapartmentistastefullybare,illuminedsoftlybyconcealedlighting.譯文：坐落在城鎮(zhèn)邊緣，亨利的公寓被影影綽綽的光線照得柔美安靜，看上去高雅、質(zhì)樸。Mostbirdspeciesthatnestorfeedintreeshopaboutonbothfeetwhenontheground.譯文：大部分在樹上筑巢或覓食的鳥兒在地面上行走時(shí)用兩只爪跳著走2.Curiosityledtheboytotaketheclockaparttofindouthowitworks.(take)譯文：好奇心促使這個(gè)小男孩拆開鐘表以弄明白它是如何工作的注釋：takeapart表示“使分開，拆開”Inrealityonequarterofroadtrafficdeathsand10percentofinjuriesresultfromdrunkdriving.(result)譯文：在現(xiàn)實(shí)當(dāng)中，四分之一的道路交通死亡和十分之一的道路交通傷害都是由酒駕造成的注釋：resultfrom意為“由…造成”；resultin意為“產(chǎn)生或造成…結(jié)果”Themostcontentiousissueattheconferenceiswhetherourplanetwillrunoutofoilsupplyinthenearfuture.(run)譯文：會(huì)議上最有爭(zhēng)議的問題是，我們的星球在不久的將來(lái)是否會(huì)用完石油供給。Thisareahasgreatpotentialfordevelopingdairyindustry,asthereisplentyofgrasshereeveninwinterforthecattletofeedon.(feed)譯文：這個(gè)地區(qū)具有開發(fā)乳制品工業(yè)的巨大潛力，因?yàn)檫@里有大量的青草，甚至在冬天都可以供牛食用ManyMuslimorganizationsintheusrespondedtothe9/11terroristattacksbycallingonMuslimAmericanstocomeforwardwiththeirskillsandresourcestohelptheaffectedpeople.(come)譯文：許多在美國(guó)的穆斯林組織針對(duì)9?11恐怖襲擊事件做出了反應(yīng)，呼吁美國(guó)的穆斯林教徒自告奮勇，用他們的技術(shù)和資源來(lái)幫助受災(zāi)群眾注釋：comeforward意為“自告奮勇，站出來(lái)”Andthenthechurchbellsbegantoring,andJeanniewokeuptofinditwasChristmasmorning.(wake)譯文：然后教堂的鐘開始響起，珍妮醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)已是圣誕節(jié)的早晨Aftersomeopeningremarksthespeakerwentstraighttothetopicandfocusedonhowwecouldmakethemostoftheopportunity.(focus)譯文：經(jīng)過(guò)一段開場(chǎng)白，演講者直接進(jìn)入主題，重點(diǎn)闡釋了我們?nèi)绾尾拍茏詈玫睦眠@個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。KathielistenedtoSchubert’savemariaforawhile;thenthevaguesenseofdepressionthathadsettledoverherbegantoslipaway.(settle)譯文：凱西聽了一會(huì)兒舒伯特的《圣母頌》，積于心中隱約的抑郁感便開始消失注釋：settleover意為“在某處停歇或停留一時(shí)”，這里指凱西被抑郁感籠罩。TranslationUnit5我的直覺是亨利會(huì)設(shè)法參加這次探險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗幸稽c(diǎn)冒險(xiǎn)家的氣質(zhì)。譯文：IhaveaninstinctthatHenrywilltrytojointheexpedition,becauseheissomethingofanadventurer.注釋：instinct意為“本能，直覺”；somethingof意為“有點(diǎn)兒”即使置身于一個(gè)嘈雜的環(huán)境中，他也能堅(jiān)持做手頭的工作。譯文：Heiscapableofstickingtothetaskathand,evenifheisexposedtonoises.注釋：stickto意為“堅(jiān)持，信守”這個(gè)商標(biāo)是依據(jù)迄今有效的（inforce）法律注冊(cè)的。譯文：Thebrandwasregisteredinaccordancewiththelawshithertoinforce.注釋：inaccordancewith意為“與…一致，根據(jù)”；hitherto意為“迄今，到目前為止”奇怪的是，許多人自愿幫助組織會(huì)議，但是只有少數(shù)幾人到場(chǎng)。譯文：Oddlyenough,manypeoplevolunteeredtohelparrangethemeeting,butonlyafewturnedup.注釋：oddlyenough意為“奇怪的是”；volunteertodosth.意為“自愿做某事”老師那充滿關(guān)愛的話語(yǔ)，以及坦誠(chéng)的評(píng)價(jià)改變了邁克對(duì)于社會(huì)和他自己的看法譯文：Theteacher’saffectionatewords,aswellashiscandidcomments,changedthewayMikeperceivedthesocietyandhimself.Unit6他們正在探索醫(yī)學(xué)研究的新領(lǐng)域，試圖治療那些目前還無(wú)藥可救的疾病譯文：Theyareexploringthenewfrontiersofmedicalsciencetoattempttofindremediesforincurablediseases/curesfordiseasesthatarebeyondremedysofar.注釋：frontier意為“（學(xué)科或活動(dòng)的）尖端，邊緣，領(lǐng)域”；remedy意為“治療（法）”，與介詞for搭配使用我的數(shù)學(xué)老師威爾遜女士不僅教學(xué)方法獨(dú)特，而且她從不試圖往我的腦子里硬塞知識(shí)。譯文：Heruniqueteachingmethodsapart,Ms.Wilson,mymathteacher,neverattemptedtocramknowledgeintomyhead.注釋：cram意為“把…塞進(jìn)(+into);把…擠滿（+with）”。例如：crampapersintoadrawer把文件塞進(jìn)抽屜里中央電視臺(tái)的定時(shí)天氣預(yù)報(bào)使得我們旅行時(shí)不管走到哪兒都能知道天氣的變化。譯文：TheregularweatherforecastbytheCentralTVStationkeepsusupwiththechangesofweatherwhereverwehaveatrip.注釋：名詞forecast意為“預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)告”；keepupwith意為“跟上，不落后”可怕的爆炸引起了一場(chǎng)大火，并造成這幢大樓部分倒塌。譯文：Theappallingexplosionstartedabigfireandledtothepartialcollapseofthebuilding.在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)里，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的方式比以往任何時(shí)候都要多，各種各樣的娛樂消遣（distraction）正在吞噬我們寶貴的時(shí)間。譯文：Inthemodernworld,therearemorewaysthanevertowasteawaytime,andvariousdistractionsareeatingintoourprecioustime.注釋：wasteaway意為“慢慢融化掉，逐漸減少”；eatinto意為“侵蝕”Unit7武裝部隊(duì)的一些高級(jí)軍官發(fā)動(dòng)了一場(chǎng)政變，推翻了政府，從而使該國(guó)陷入一片混亂。譯文：Somehigh-rankingofficersofthearmedforceslaunchedacoup,topplingthegovernmentandthrowingthecountryintochaos.注釋：toppling...andthrowing...是動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)下滑的市場(chǎng)粉碎了她快速致富的幻想。譯文：Thefallingmarketshatteredherillusionaboutgettingrichrapidly.回顧二次世界大戰(zhàn)的歷史，我們可以看到同盟國(guó)的形成是當(dāng)時(shí)的政治、軍事形勢(shì)發(fā)展的自然結(jié)果。譯文：ThinkingbackonthehistoryofWorldWar=2\*ROMANII,wecanknowthattheformationoftheAllieswasthenaturalproductofthedevelopmentofpoliticalandmilitarycircumstancesatthattime.注釋：thinkbackon意為“回想起”；Allies意為“同盟國(guó)”4）吉姆稱保羅是宗教狂熱分子，刺痛了保羅，但是因?yàn)楸Ａ_無(wú)心吵架，他干脆假裝沒聽見。譯文：PaulfeltstungwhenJimcalledhimareligiousfanatic.Butashewasinnomoodforaquarrel/notinaquarrelingmood,hemerelypretendednottohearit5）人們說(shuō)時(shí)間會(huì)治愈一切創(chuàng)傷。但對(duì)在這一事件中失去親人的人們而言，時(shí)間能填補(bǔ)他們心中的空白么？譯文：Peoplesaythattimehealsallwounds.Butasforthosewhohavelosttheirlovedonesintheevent,willtimefillupthevoidintheirhearts?注釋：heal意為“醫(yī)療，治愈”；void作名詞，意為“空白，空虛”。例如：Itvanishedintothevoid.它消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤。Unit8杰妮特正是麥克知道他可以信任的那種女孩，所以他在第一次約會(huì)是就向她敞開心扉。譯文：JanetwasjustthekindofgirlMikeknewhecouldbelieve,sohebaredhishearttoherontheirfirstdate.起先姑娘們?cè)谟陌档纳诌呁嫠?，一?huì)兒大笑，一會(huì)兒尖叫，可不一會(huì)兒她們就消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤了。譯文：Inthebeginningthegirlsplayedonthefringeofthedarkforest,nowlaughing,nowscreaming,butbeforelongtheywereoutofsight.注釋：now...now...意為“一會(huì)…一會(huì)…”；outofsight意為“看不見”。足球隊(duì)員一下飛機(jī)，就見到一個(gè)車隊(duì)在等待著他們的到來(lái)。譯文：Themomentthefootballplayersdisembarkedfromtheplane,theysawafleetofcarswaitingfortheircoming注釋：disembark意為“下船，下飛機(jī)”；fleet意為“（統(tǒng)一指揮下的）船隊(duì)，機(jī)群，（汽）車隊(duì)”。卡森譴責(zé)他的對(duì)手用誤導(dǎo)的信息來(lái)玷污他的人品。譯文：Carsondenouncedhisopponentforusingmisleadinginformationtosmearhischaracter.亞歷克斯將一個(gè)塞滿鈔票的錢包交給了警察，他說(shuō)他是在跳下校車時(shí)在馬路邊上撿到的。譯文：Alexhandedthepolicemanawalletstuffedwithbanknotes,Hesaidhehadfounditonthecurbwhenhehoppedoffhisschoolbus注釋：stuff意為“裝滿，填滿”；hopped意為“上（下）車（或船等）”closeUnit5Youseethatyoungmanswimmingoutatsea?He’stryingtoswimouttothebeaconandback.Hemustbeinsanetohavecommittedhimselftosuchathing.Thecurrentisfartoostrong.Tobecandid,Iwouldn’tattemptit.Idaresayfewswimmersarecapableofsuchafeat.Imethimonthebeachbeforehesetout.Idon’tmindtellingyouthatIwastakeabackwhenhetoldmewhathewasgoingtodo,becausehedidn’tlookingoodconditionatall.Farfromit.Hemayhavehadagoodconstitutiononce,buthehadclearlylethimselfgoalltopieces.However,itseemslikehehadnochoice.Hetoldmethathehadgonebroke,notapennyleft,andthatoldBurtonwouldonlyfindhimavacancyinhisfirmifhedidtheswim.Thatwasanothersurprise.Burtonseemssuchamild-manneredman,kindtoeverybody.Perhapshethoughttheyoungmanwouldnothavethecourage,thathewouldfunkit.That,again,perhapsBurtonknowhewassendingtheyoungmantohisdeath,butwastoocold-bloodedtocare.Itonlygoestoshowhowdeceptiveappearancescanbe.Unit6Canyouswitchofffromthecaresoflifeandrelax?Manypeopletodaycannot.Theyfeelinsteadthattheyareobligedtobeonthegoallthetime.Thepaceoflifeseemstogroweverfaster.Asaresult,feelingsofstressarecommonaspeoplestruggletocopewithwhattheyseeasashortageoftime.Suchwidespreadfeelingareinpartcausedbythelargequantityofinformationthatcomespouringinonus.”allmen,”saidAristotle,”bynaturedesiretoknow.”butitisnolongerpossible,asitwasinthepast,foranindividualtomasterthewholerangeofhumanknowledge.Instead,anyindividual,nomatterhowsmartheis,canonlycommandafractionofthetotalknowledgeavailable,Itmaybearguedthatitisfutiletoevenattempttodoso.Weshouldlearntosetmorerealisticgoalsforourselvesifwearetohopetoescapefromthetyrannyoftime.Unit7CorkySiemaszko’ssnapshotsprovideuswithaninsightintothemoodoftheAmericanpeoplefollowingthetragiceventsof9/11.Theystartwithtwopieceswrittenintheimmediateaftermathoftheattack.TheseclearlyrevealthestateofchaosintowhichNewYorkersfeltth