2023學年完整公開課版Book5　Unit1　Greatscientists

Book5Unit1Greatscientists?寫作詞匯1.

attend

vt.照顧;護理;出席;參加

2.

expose

vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光

3.

defeat

vt.打敗;戰(zhàn)勝;使受挫

n.失敗

4.

blame

vt.責備;譴責

n.過失;責備

5.

cure

n.治愈;痊愈

vt.治愈;治療

6.

link

vt.&n.連接;聯(lián)系

7.

handle

n.柄;把手

vt.處理;操縱

8.

expert

n.專家;行家

adj.熟練的;經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的

9.

challenge

n.挑戰(zhàn)

vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)

10.

pollute

vt.污染;弄臟

11.

announce

vt.宣布;通告

12.

contribute

vt.&vi.捐獻;貢獻;捐助

閱讀詞匯1.analysevt.分析

2.foreseevt.預見;預知

3.certaintyn.確信;確實

4.movementn.移動;運動;動作

5.neighbourhoodn.附近;鄰近

6.characteristicn.特征;特性

7.fireworkn.煙火(燃放)

8.positiveadj.積極的;肯定的

9.scientificadj.科學的

10.backwardadv.&adj.向后地(的);相反地(的);退步地(的11.enthusiasticadj.熱情的;熱心的

12.cautiousadj.小心的;謹慎的

1.pollutevt.污染;弄臟→pollutionn.污染→pollutedadj.被污染的

2.concludevt.&vi.結(jié)束;推斷出→conclusionn.結(jié)論;結(jié)束

3.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使專心→absorbingadj.十分吸引人的

4.announcevt.宣布;通告→announcementn.宣布;通告

5.instructvt.命令;指示;教導→instruction

n.命令;指示

6.contributevt.&vi.捐獻;貢獻;捐助→contribution

n.貢獻;捐款

7.responsibleadj.有責任的;負責的→responsibilityn.責任

8.

rejectvt.拒絕;不接受;拋棄→rejection

n.拒絕

9.severeadj.嚴重的;劇烈的;嚴厲的→severelyadv.嚴格地;嚴重地;嚴厲地

10.challengen.挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→challengingadj.挑戰(zhàn)性的

高頻短語1.

putforward

提出

2.

drawaconclusion

得出結(jié)論

3.expose...to...

使顯露;暴露

4.

link...to...

將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來

5.

makesense

講得通;有意義

6.

apartfrom

除……之外;此外

7.

bestrictwith

對……嚴格

8.

betoblamefor

該為……受責備;應(yīng)為……承擔責任

單句填空(注意所填詞匯的適當形式變化)1.Theriverispolluted

andnoiseisanotherkindofserious

pollution

here.(pollute)

2.Maryannounced

toherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboyandtheannouncement

oftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.(announce)

3.ThefirstladyPeng

Liyuanhascontributed

alotofmoneytotheschool,whohasmadegreat

contributions

toeducation.(contribute)

4.Althoughthetaskischallenging

foryou,youshouldtrytofaceitbravely,whichisoneofyourchallengesinyourlife.(challenge)

5.Theteacherinstructedthatallthestudentsshouldattendtheinstructive

lecturetobedeliveredbyMr.White,whoseinstruction

wouldbeofgreathelptoourstudy.(instruct)

6.Theworkersareconstructing

anewhighway,andtheroadunderconstruction

willplayavitalroleinreconstructingthedestroyedvillage.(construct)

經(jīng)典句型1.Neitheritscause

noritscure

(它的治療也不)wasunderstood.2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied

everytime

(每次)therewasanoutbreak.

3.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreak

wassoseverethat

(如此嚴重以至于)morethan500peoplediedintendays.

4.Onlyif

(只有)youputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.

5.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingroundit

(行星繞著它轉(zhuǎn))andonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.

1.這個周末,湯姆和他的父母都不打算去看電影。(neither...nor...)NeitherTomnorhisparents

aregoingtoseethefilmthisweekend.

2.每次我去拜訪他,他總是在忙著做家庭作業(yè)。(everytime)EverytimeIcallonhim,heisalwaysbusywithhishomework.

3.北京大學是如此出名以至于每年全國各地的尖子生都向它提出申請。

(so...that...)(2018北京)BeijingUniversityis

sofamousthattopstudents

fromalloverthecountryapplytoiteveryyear.

4.隨著英語單詞在媒體和日常生活中的普及,一本漢語詞典已收錄了239個英文單詞。(with復合結(jié)構(gòu))WithEnglishwordsgettingpopular

inthemediaanddailylife,aChinesedictionaryhasincluded239ofthem.

1..conclusionn.結(jié)論教材原句①Drawaconclusion

得出結(jié)論◆單句填空②Johnsaidhecouldconcludefrom

Jane'sexpressionthatJanehad

stolenhismoney.③Heconcludedhisspeechwith

“Thanksforyourtime”.重點單詞◆同義句轉(zhuǎn)換④Toconclude,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.→Inconclusion

,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.⑤Whatcanyouconcludefromtheevidenceyou'vefound?→Whatconclusions

doyoudraw

fromtheevidenceyou'vefound?◆寫作微練⑥總之,我們在這個活動中受益匪淺。(2016天津書面表達)Inconclusion,wehavebenefitedfromtheactivity.

點撥(1)draw/cometo/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論makeaconclusion下結(jié)論inconclusion最后;總之a(chǎn)ttheconclusionof當……結(jié)束時(2)concludev.得出結(jié)論;斷定;推斷出;(使)結(jié)束concludesth.with...以……結(jié)束conclude

(從……中)推斷出……toconclude總而言之,最后2.exposevt.使暴露;使遭受;揭露教材原句①Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople

exposed

(expose)tocholera.但當他一想到要幫助那些受霍亂威脅的

普通百姓時,他就感到振奮。◆單句填空②Takecare!

Beingexposed

(expose)tofrequentsmogdoesgreat

harmtoyourhealth.③Therearemorethan740millionChineseexposed

(expose)tosecond

-handsmokinginpublicplacesnow.◆句子翻譯④Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.我們想讓孩子們盡量受到藝術(shù)和文化熏陶。

◆寫作微練⑤總之,不要讓你的兒子接觸暴力游戲。Allinall,don'texposeyoursontoviolentgames.

點撥(1)exposeoneselfto將某人自己暴露在……中;遭受……beexposedto被暴露在……中;使遭受……(2)exposedadj.暴露的,無遮蔽的(3)exposuren.暴露;揭露[點津]expose...to和beexposedto中的to是介詞。3.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使專心教材原句①Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbed

(absorb)thisdiseaseinto

theirbodieswiththeirmeals.◆單句填空②Whendeeply

absorbed

(absorb)inwork,hewouldforgetallabout

eatingandsleeping.③Webothbecame

absorbed

(absorb)inthesimplicityofplayingto-gether.(2018課標全國Ⅲ)◆單句改錯④Theboysatbesidethewindow,absorbinginanovel.

absorbing→absorbed

◆同義句轉(zhuǎn)換⑤Hewasabsorbedinwritingaletteranddidn'tevenlookupwhenIcame

in.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)→

Absorbedinwritingaletter

,hedidn'tevenlookupwhenIcamein.◆完成句子⑥Absorbedineverymoveofmine

(專注于我的每一個動作),the

foreignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniquecultureandthey

couldn'thelptakingpicturesfromtimetotime.(2018北京書面表達)點撥(1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意(be)absorbedin...全神貫注于……o...把……吸收進……absorb...from...從……中吸收……(2)absorbingadj.引人入勝的[聯(lián)想]fixone'sattentionon...把注意力集中在……focuson集中于,關(guān)注beaddictedto沉溺于,上癮concentrateon全神貫注于payattentionto注意;重視devoteoneselfto專心于abandononeselfto沉湎于4.blamevt.責備;譴責n.過失;責備教材原句①Itseemedthatthewaterwas

toblame

(blame).◆單句填空②Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,butIoftenhad

crazydreamsinwhichIwastoblame

for

Miller'saccident.(2016

課標全國Ⅲ)③Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblame

on

thealarmclock.(2017課標全國Ⅲ)◆一句多譯我們不能把這起事故歸咎于天氣。④Wecan't

blame

theaccident

on

theweather.(blamev.)⑤Wecan't

put/laytheblamefor

theaccident

on

theweather.

(blamen.)點撥blamesb./sth.forsth.因……責備……blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人betoblame(forsth.)(對某事)負有責任put/laytheblame(forsth.)onsb.把(某事的)責任歸咎于某人take/accept/shouldertheblamefor...為……承擔責任[點津]在betoblame短語中,blame不能用被動形式,該短語為主動形式表示被

動含義。5.contributevt.&vi.捐獻;貢獻;捐助教材原句①tocontribute

貢獻◆單句填空②Doingsmallthingswellcontributesto

building

(build)upourconfi-

denceandhelpingusmeetbiggerchallengesinthefuture.③Everyoneiswillingtocontributefoodandclothes

to

thehomelesspeople.④AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsand

boxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergy

consumptionandcontribution

(contribute)togreenhousegasemis-

sions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.(2018課

標全國Ⅰ)◆寫作微練⑤了解唐朝的歷史有助于你理解這些詩。(2017課標全國Ⅰ書面表達)KnowingthehistoryoftheTangDynastywillcontributetoyourunder-standingofthepoems.

點撥(1)contributesth.to...把……捐獻給……contributeto促成;造成;向……投稿(2)contributorn.捐款人;作出貢獻的人(3)contributionn.捐獻;貢獻;稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto...對……作出貢獻[聯(lián)想]表示“引起;導致;有助于”的詞語還有:cause,leadto,resultin,bring

about等。6.attendvt.出席;參加;照顧;護理vi.專心;注意教材原句①JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,indeed,thathe

attended

(attend)QueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.◆完成句子②非常抱歉我明天下午不能去聽關(guān)于美國歷史的演講了。IamsosorrythatIwon'tbeableto

attendthelecture

onAmericanhis-

torytomorrowafternoon.③今晚我不能與你一起外出,因為我有一件急事要處理。Ican'tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhaveanurgentthingtoattendto

.④后來,當漢納(Hannah)上學時,她看到了另一個無家可歸的人。(2017

北京)Later,whenHannahattendedschool,shesawanotherhomelessperson

.點撥attendameeting/alecture/awedding/school/church參加會議/聽演講/參加婚禮/上學/做禮拜attendto處理;對付;照料1.putforward提出;將……提前;推薦;將鐘撥快教材原句①Whoputforward

atheoryaboutblackholes?誰提出了關(guān)于黑洞的

理論?重點短語◆寫出下列各句中putforward的含義②Putyourwatchforward;it'sfiveminutesslow.撥快

③Ithinkheisfitfortheposition;therefore,I'llputhimforwardforclub

secretary.推薦

④Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.將……提前

⑤Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheorieshavebeenputforward.提出

◆寫作微練⑥由于惡劣的天氣,運動會被推遲了。Thesportsmeetingwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather.

⑦我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了每周存一些錢的習慣。Ihaveformedthehabitofputtingawaysomemoneyeveryweek.

點撥這個短語為及物動詞短語,賓語既可以放在forward后也可放在putfor-

ward中間。[聯(lián)想]putaway將……收起來(放回原處);儲存(錢)putaside忽視;不理睬;儲存putoff延遲putout撲滅putin安裝;把……寫進(信函、故事等)2.makesense有意義;講得通;言之有理教材原句①Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsin

theskymakesense

.只有當你把太陽放在那兒(中心位置上),天空中

其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。◆單句填空②Providedyoumakesenseof

it,itwillsoundbeautiful.③Ina

sense,theaccenthasbeenconsideredasanindividualsymbol.◆單句改錯④Itisnosenseinarguingwithhim,becauseheissostubborn.

It→There

⑤It'scommonsensestodressmorewarmlywhenitgetscold.

senses→sense

◆完成句子⑥Themoviedoesn't

makeanysense

.這部電影根本就是瞎編。⑦Thissentencedoesn'tmakesense

.這個句子不通。點撥makesenseof理解,弄懂makenosense無意義commonsense常識inasense從某種意義上來說innosense決不,決非insomesenses在一定意義上cometoone'ssenses恢復理智,醒悟過來thereisnosensein(doing)sth.(做)某事是沒意義的1.neither...nor...既不……也不……教材原句①Neitheritscausenor

itscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道它的病

源,也不了解它的治療方法。重點句型

◆單句填空②Lastnightneithermywifenormyparents

were

(be)abletopersuade

mydaughtertochangehermind.③Asisknowntoall,notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctor

is

(be)verykindtothepatients.④Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis

(be)toattendthemeeting

thatisduetomorrow.◆寫作微練說實話,我弟弟和我都不喜歡這本小說。⑤Tobehonest,neithermybrothernorIlikethenovel.

點撥neither...nor...“既不……也不……”,連接句中兩個相同的句子成分。連接主語時,謂語動詞遵循就近一致原則。[聯(lián)想]遵循“就近原則”的其他表達:①either...or...或者……或者……②notonly...butalso...不僅……而且……③therebe句型2.everytime引導的時間狀語從句教材原句①Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery/eachtime

therewasanoutbreak.每次(霍亂)爆發(fā)時,都有成千上萬驚恐的人死去?！魡尉涓腻e②IfeltveryexcitedeachtimewhenIwatchedthemovie.去掉when

◆一句多譯昨天,我一聽到這個消息就給湯姆打了電話。③IcalledTomassoonasIheardthenewsyesterday.

(assoonas)④IcalledTomthemomentIheardthenewsyesterday.

(themoment)⑤HardlyhadIheardthenewswhenIcalledTomyesterday.

(hardly...

when...)⑥NosoonerhadIheardthenewsthanIcalledTomyesterday.

(no

sooner...than...)◆寫作微練⑦每次我想放棄時,我就會想到司馬遷。(2016北京書面表達)EverytimeIwantedtogiveup,IwouldthinkofSimaQian.

點撥句中everytime引導時間狀語從句,表示“每次……”。名詞詞組作連詞用、引導時間狀語從句的還有:eachtime;nexttime;the

hour/day...;the+序數(shù)詞+time;themoment/minute/instant。[聯(lián)想]nosooner...than.../hardly...when...表示“一……就……”。JohnSnow,awell-knowndoctorinLondon,became

1

(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho

2

(expose)tocholera,a

3

(dead)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak

4

nooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.

Hegotinterestedintwotheories

5

(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory

6

suggestedthatpeople

7

(absorb)thediseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.In1854,when

8

outbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotestthetwotheories.

9

thehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas

10

(blame).

Persuasivewritingisaboutchangesomebodyelse'spointofview.Whenyouaredoingthiskindsofwriting,youmustalwayshadsomeevidencetosupportyouridea.Tomakethismoreeasier,youcanhelddiscussionswithyourfamilyandfriends.Givingyourideasandreasonstothemwheneveryouaremakingchoices.Youmaybotharguewiththemortrytopersuadethem.Thenyouwillfindthateasiertodoyourpersuasivewriting.Besides,whenyouarewriting,donotforgetplanyourworkandputyourideasi