Unit+4+A+Glimpse+of+the+Future+Developing+ideas+Reading+課件【知識(shí)精講精研】高二英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

Unit4Period4Reading新課導(dǎo)入1Watchthevideoandanswerthequestions.1HowdoesAsimovsetouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandrobots?2HaveyoureadanyofAsimov’snovels?Ifso,shareonestoryyou’vereadwiththeclass.Ifnot,wouldyouliketoreadthem?Whyorwhynot?1HowdoesAsimovsetouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandrobots?2HaveyoureadanyofAsimov’snovels?Ifso,shareonestoryyou’vereadwiththeclass.Ifnot,wouldyouliketoreadthem?Whyorwhynot?HeputsforwardtheThreeLawsofRobotics,whichensurethatrobotsshouldalwaysobeyandprotecthumans.1.能通過(guò)閱讀課文，理解課文內(nèi)容，能清楚地?cái)⑹龉适鹿８?，并能夠理解課文中的伏筆，欣賞文學(xué)作品。2.能在理解課文內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，感悟文章主題，加深對(duì)單元主題意義的認(rèn)識(shí)，形成積極接受但辯證地看待技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的情感態(tài)度。課堂學(xué)習(xí)2CompletethetabletocomparelifeonEarthwithlifeontheMoon.LifeonEarth?Wearordinaryclothesandchangeaccordingtotheseasons.?Breathetheairfreely.?Havetomakeanefforttojumphigh.?Keeppets,suchasdogs,cats,etc.LifeontheMoon?________________________________________________?________________________________________________?________________________________________________?________________________________________________NowreadthepassageandfindoutwhatlifeontheMoonislikeinthenovel.ABoy'sBestFriend1MrAndersonsaid,“Where'sJimmy,dear?”“Outonthecrater,”saidMrsAnderson.“Robuttiswithhim.Didhearrive?”“Yes.He'sattherocketstation,goingthroughthetests.Ihaven'treallyseenonesinceIleftEarth15yearsago.”2“Jimmyhasneverseenone,”saidMrsAnderson.3“Becausehe'sMoon-bornandcan'tvisitEarth.That'swhyI'mbringingonehere.Ithinkit'sthefirstoneeverontheMoon.”4Jimmywasoutonthecrater,ashismotherhadsaid.Hisarmsandlegswerelongandagile.Helookedthickerandstubbierwithhisspacesuiton,buthecouldhandlethelunargravityasnoEarth-bornhumanbeingcould.TheoutersideofthecraterslopedsouthwardandtheEarth,whichwaslowinthesouthernsky,wasnearlyfull,sothattheentirecrater-slopewasbrightlylit.Theslopewasagentleoneandeventheweightofthespacesuitcouldn'tkeepJimmyfromracingupitinafloatinghopthatmadethegravityseemnonexistent.5“Comeon,Robutt,”heshouted.Robutt,whocouldhearhimbyradio,squeakedandboundedafter.6Jimmy,expertthoughhewas,couldn'toutraceRobutt,whodidn'tneedaspacesuit,andhadfourlegsandtendonsofsteel.Jimmycouldn'tgowrongwhileRobuttwasaround,trippinghimwhenhewastooneararock,orjumpingonhimtoshowhowmuchhelovedhim,orcirclingaroundandsqueakinglowandscaredwhenJimmyhidbehindarock,whenallthetimeRobuttknewwellenoughwherehewas.7Heheardhisfather'svoiceonhisprivatewavelength.“Jimmy,comeback.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.”8

MrAndersonwassmiling.“Wehavesomethingforyou,Jimmy.It'sattherocketstationnow,butwe'llhaveittomorrowafterallthetestsareover.”9

“FromEarth,Dad?”10“AdogfromEarth,son.ThefirstdogontheMoon.Youwon'tneedRobuttanymore.Wecan'tkeepthemboth,andsomeotherboyorgirlwillhaveRobutt.”HeseemedtobewaitingforJimmytosaysomething,thenhesaid,“Youknowwhatadogis,Jimmy.It'stherealthing.Robutt'sonlyamechanicalimitation,arobot-mutt.That'showhegothisname.”11Jimmyfrowned.“Robuttisn'tanimitation,Dad.”12

“Robutt'sjuststeelandwiringandasimplepositronicbrain.”13

“HedoeseverythingIwanthimtodo,Dad.Heunderstandsme.”14

“No,son.Robuttisjustamachine.It'sjustprogrammedtoactthewayitdoes.Adogisalive.You'llseethedifferenceoncehegetshere.”15JimmylookedatRobutt,whowassqueakingagain,averylow,slowsqueakthatseemedfrightened.JimmyheldouthisarmsandRobuttwasintheminonebound.16Jimmysaid,“WhatwillthedifferencebebetweenRobuttandthedog?”17

“It'shardtoexplain,”saidMrAnderson,“butitwillbeeasytosee.Thedogwillreallyloveyou.Robuttisjustadjustedtoactasthoughitlovesyou.”18

“But,Dad,wedon'tknowwhat'sinsidethedog,orwhathisfeelingsare.Maybeit'sjustacting,too.”19

MrAndersonfrowned.“Jimmy,you'llknowthedifferencewhenyouexperiencetheloveofalivingthing.”20

JimmyheldRobutttightly.Hewasfrowning,too,andthedesperatelookonhisfacemeantthathewouldn'tchangehismind.Hesaid,“Butwhat'sthedifferencehowtheyact?HowabouthowIfeel?IloveRobuttandthat'swhatcounts.”21

Andthelittlerobotmutt,whichhadneverbeenheldsotightlyinallitsexistence,squeakedhighandrapidsqueaks-happysqueaks.(Adaptationofexcerptsfrom“ABoy'sBestFriend"byIsaacAsimov)NowreadthepassageandfindoutwhatlifeontheMoonislikeinthenovel.LifeonEarth?Wearordinaryclothesandchangeaccordingtotheseasons.?Breathetheairfreely.?Havetomakeanefforttojumphigh.?Keeppets,suchasdogs,cats,etc.LifeontheMoon?________________________________________________?________________________________________________?________________________________________________?________________________________________________Wearspacesuitswheneveroutside.Breathefromanairsupply.Jumphigheasily.Keeprobotsaspets.3Completethesummaryofthestory.TitleAuthorSettingTime:Place:CharactersJimmy,aMoon-bornboy

ABoy’sBestFriendIsaacAsimov

InthefutureOntheMoonMrAnderson,Jimmy’sfatherMrsAnderson,Jimmy’smotherRobutt,amechanicaldog,Jimmy’spetPlotJimmy’sparentsgetadogfromEarth.TheywanttogiveittoJimmyasapet.But...DifferentattitudestowardsRobuttParents:Jimmy:JimmyalreadyhasarobotpetnamedRobutt.HisparentsthinkitwouldbegoodforJimmytohavearealdog,andthathewouldlikeit.TheywanttosendRobutttoanotherfamily.Tohisparents’

surprise,Jimmyrefusestoaccepttherealdog,becausehelovesRobuttandhebelievesRobuttloveshimtoo.ForJimmy,Robuttisnotjustamechanicaldog,butarealfriend.TheythinkRobuttisamechanicalimitationofarealdog.HelovesRobuttandtreatshimlikearealdog.Nowtalkaboutyourattitudestowardsthestory.LearningtolearnForeshadowingiswhentheauthorgivesaclueastowhatistocomelaterinthestory.Thisoftenappearsatthebeginningofastory,orachapter,andhelpsthereaderdevelopexpectationsaboutthecomingeventinastory.ThinkShare1WhatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenRobuttandarealdog?2IsthereanyforeshadowingofJimmy’sfinaldecision?Findcluesinthereadingpassage.3Whatothersci-finovelsaboutrobotscanyouthinkof?Shareonewiththeclass.4Thetworeadingpassagesinthisunitshowusdifferentaspectsoftechnologyinthefuture.Whichofthesedoyoumostexpecttoencounterinyourlifetime?1Similarities:Bothareabletorespondtoordersgivenbyhumanbeings.Bothcanoutracehumanbeings.Bothcanguideandprotecthumanbeings.Differences:Theyhavedifferentappearances.Arealdogisalivingcreature,whileRobuttisamachine.Arealdogloveshumanbeingsasaresultofitsnature,whileRobuttisjustadjustedtoactasthoughitloveshumanbeings.2Yes,thereis.Atthebeginningofthestory,weknowJimmyhasneverseenarealdog.ItalsoseemsthathespendsalotoftimewithRobutt.JimmyplayswithRobuttenthusiastically,shouting“Comeon,Robutt”.Inthemiddleofthepassage,wearetoldthat“Jimmycouldn’tgowrongwhileRobuttwasaround”,indicatingthatRobuttprotectsJimmywell.4Workingroups.Giveatalkonwhetheritispossibletohavearealfriendshipwitharobot.1Answerthequestionstohelptoformyourpointofview.?WhydoJimmyandhisparentshavedifferentfeelingstowardsRobutt??IfyouwereJimmy,whichonewouldyouchoose,Robuttorarealdog?2Organisethemainpointsyouwouldliketocoverandcompletethetable.3Giveyourtalktotheclass.Pointofview

Arguments

Supportingdetails

Conclusion

?WhydoJimmyandhisparentshavedifferentfeelingstowardsRobutt?

BecauseJimmywasbornontheMoon,hehasneverseenarealdog.HehasbeengettingalongwellwithRobutt,andthushasdevelopedanaffectionforhim.Hecannotfigureoutwhyarealdogisbetterthanamechanicaldog,despitehisfather’sexplanation.WhileJimmy’sparentshaveseenrealdogsbeforetheyleftEarth.Theyknowwhatrealdogslooklike.TheythinkRobuttisjustamachine.Nowvoteforthebestspeaker.Askthemtosharetheirexperiences.Languagepoints1.He'sattherocketstation,goingthroughthetests.它在火箭站，正在接受測(cè)試。

(1)“goingthroughthetests”為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。

(2)gothrough在該句子中表示“經(jīng)歷”之意，此外，它還有“查閱；瀏覽；完成；通過(guò)；審查；用完；仔細(xì)檢查”的含義。e.g.Hewentthroughabadperiod.他經(jīng)歷了一段艱難的時(shí)期。

【詞匯拓展】

goafter追尋；追蹤；設(shè)法得到goahead前進(jìn)

goagainst背叛；違背；違反；不利于gowrong出故障

goinfor愛(ài)好；酷愛(ài)；從事goby(指時(shí)間)過(guò)去

goover越過(guò)……；溫習(xí)2.Ihaven'treallyseenonesinceIleftEarth15yearsago.

自從15年前我離開(kāi)地球后，就從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)真正的狗了。

since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。3.That'swhyI'mbringingonehere.

所以我要帶過(guò)來(lái)一只。

why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。4.Ithinkit'sthefirstoneeverontheMoon.

我覺(jué)得這應(yīng)該是月球上有史以來(lái)的第一只狗?！癷t'sthefirstoneeverontheMoon”為賓語(yǔ)從句。5.Jimmywasoutonthecrater,ashismotherhadsaid.

正如吉米媽媽所說(shuō)，他在外面的環(huán)形山上。

as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。6.Theoutersideofthecraterslopedsouthward

andtheEarth,whichwaslowinthesouthernsky,wasnearlyfull,sothattheentirecrater-slopewasbrightlylit.

環(huán)形山外側(cè)向南傾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)，因此整個(gè)環(huán)形山山坡明亮了起來(lái)。

(1)本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，其中and連接兩個(gè)并列句，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)southward是副詞，意為“向南方”。以-ward結(jié)尾的副詞都有“向……方向”的意思，如forward意為“向前”，northward意為“向北方”。7.Theslopewasagentleoneandeventheweightofthespacesuitcouldn'tkeepJimmyfromracingupitinafloatinghop

thatmadethegravityseemnonexistent.山坡非常平緩，即使吉米穿著厚重的太空服，也不能阻礙他跳著躍向山坡，就好像引力不存在一樣。(1)keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事=stopsb.fromdoingsth.

e.g.Theseworrieskeptherfromsleepingproperly.

這些煩惱使她睡不好覺(jué)。(2)本句中的racingup，inafloatinghop等描述非常生動(dòng)。(3)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞hop。8.Robutt,whocouldhearhimbyradio,squeakedandboundedafter.

靠電波辨認(rèn)聲音的羅布特發(fā)出叫聲，跳著跑向吉米。

who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。9.Jimmy,expertthoughhewas,couldn'toutraceRobutt,whodidn'tneedaspacesuit,andhadfourlegsandtendonsofsteel.論速度，吉米雖然是個(gè)能手，但他比不過(guò)羅布特，因?yàn)樗兴臈l腿和鋼鐵做的肌腱，還不用穿太空服。

本句是主從復(fù)合句。though在這里意思是"雖然"，引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，expertthough

hewas采用了倒裝句式，though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)句子可用正常語(yǔ)序，也可把表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提前構(gòu)成倒裝。提前的名詞前不帶冠詞；“whodidn'tneeda

spacesuit,

andhadfourlegsandtendonsofsteel”為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，who是關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代主句的賓語(yǔ)。10.Jimmycouldn'tgowrongwhileRobuttwasaround,trippinghimwhenhewastooneararock,orjumpingonhimtoshowhowmuchhelovedhim,orcirclingaroundandsqueakinglowandscaredwhenJimmyhidbehindarock,whenallthetimeRobuttknewwellenoughwherehewas.

當(dāng)羅布特在身邊時(shí)，吉米就沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)。當(dāng)吉米過(guò)于靠近一塊巖石，它會(huì)撲倒他；羅布特還會(huì)撲向他，以表達(dá)愛(ài)意；當(dāng)吉米藏在巖石后，羅布特就原地打轉(zhuǎn)，低吼，戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢，不論什么時(shí)候，羅布特都對(duì)吉米的位置了如指掌。(1)while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；三個(gè)when都引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；“howmuchhelovedhim”為賓語(yǔ)從句；“wherehewas”為賓語(yǔ)從句。(2)trip把（某人）絆倒e.g.Hedidn’tnoticemeandstretchedouthisfootsuddenly,almosttrippingme.他沒(méi)注意到我，突然伸出腳，差點(diǎn)把我絆倒。11.Youknowwhatadogis,Jimmy.你會(huì)知道什么才是真正的狗，吉米。“whatadogis”為賓語(yǔ)從句。12.That'showhegothisname.這就是他名字的由來(lái)。how引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。13.HedoeseverythingIwanthimtodo,Dad.

爸爸，我想讓它做什么，它都能做到。

“Iwanthimtodo”為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞everything。14.It'sjustprogrammedtoactthewayitdoes.

它的反應(yīng)只不過(guò)是按照編好的程序去做而已。

“itdoes”為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞way。15.You'llseethedifferenceoncehegetshere.

等小狗來(lái)了，你就會(huì)明白二者的不同之處了。

once引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。16.JimmylookedatRobutt,whowassqueakingagain,averylow,slowsqueakthatseemedfrightened.吉米看著又在吼叫的羅布特，它的叫聲非常低沉緩慢，好像受到了驚嚇。who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾Robutt；that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾squeak。17.JimmyheldouthisarmsandRobuttwasintheminonebound.

吉米伸出雙臂，羅布特一躍跳了上去。(1)holdout意為“伸出（手或手里的東西）”。e.g.Sheheldoutherhandtohim.

她向他伸出手。(2)boundn.

跳躍e.g.Withoneboundthedogwasoverthefence.

那條狗一個(gè)跳躍就躍過(guò)了籬笆。18.Robuttisjustadjustedtoactasthoughitlovesyou.

羅布特只是設(shè)定好，假裝很愛(ài)你。

asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。19.But,Dad,wedon'tknowwhat'sinsidethedog,orwhathisfeelingsare.

但是，爸爸，我們并不知道小狗真正想的是什么，它是什么感覺(jué)。

or連接兩個(gè)并列的what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。20.Jimmy,you'llknowthedifferencewhenyouexperiencetheloveofalivingthing.

吉米，當(dāng)你體驗(yàn)到一個(gè)生命體對(duì)你的愛(ài)時(shí)，你就會(huì)明白其中的不同。

when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。21.Hewasfrowning,too,andthedesperatelookonhisfacemeantthathewouldn'tchangehismind.吉米緊緊抱著羅布特。他也皺著眉頭，

臉上的堅(jiān)定表明他不愿改變心意。

(1)desperate為形容詞，意為“絕望的”，同時(shí)它還有“拼命的”意思。其副詞為desperately；名詞為desperation。e.g.Withnobodytoturnto,shefoundherselfinadesperatesituation.