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Lesson11Notguilty

GoingthroughtheCustomsisatiresomebusiness.Thestrangestthingaboutitisthatreallyhonestpeopleareoften

madetofeelguilty.Thehardenedprofessionalsmuggler,ontheotherhand,isnevertroubledbysuchfeelings,evenif

hehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshiddeninhissuitcase.When1returnedfromabroadrecently,aparticularlyofficious

youngCustomsOfficerclearlyregardedmeasasmuggler.

'Haveyouanythingtodeclare?'heasked,lookingmeintheeye.

'No;Iansweredconfidently.

'Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcaseplease?'

'Notatall/Ianswered.

TheOfficerwentthroughthecasewithgreatcare.AllthethingsIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadful

mess.IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.Suddenly,IsawtheOfficer'sfacelightup.Hehad

spottedatinybottleatthebottomofmycaseandhepouncedonitwithdelight.

'Perfume,eh?'heaskedsarcastically.'Youshouldhavedeclaredthat.'Perfumeisnotexemptfromimportduty.'

'Butitisn'tperfume,*Isaid.*It'shair-oil.'ThenIaddedwithasmile,'It*sastrangemixtureImakemyself.*AsI

expected,hedidnotbelieveme.

'Tryit!'Isaidencouragingly.

TheOfficerunscrewedthecapandputthebottletohisnostrils.Hewasgreetedbyanunpleasantsmellwhich

convincedhimthatIwastellingthetruth.Afewminuteslater,Iwasabletohurryawaywithpreciouschalk-markson

mybaggage.

現(xiàn)在的海關官員往往相當寬容。但是,當你通過綠色通道,沒有任何東西需要申報時,他們仍可以攔住你。

甚至是最誠實的人也常弄得覺得有罪似的,而老練的職業(yè)走私犯卻使手提箱里藏著500只金表,卻也處之泰然。

最近一次,我也出國歸來,碰上一位特別好管閑事的年輕海關官員,他顯然把我當成走私犯。

“您有什么需要申報的嗎?”他直盯著我的眼睛問。

“沒有?!蔽易孕诺鼗卮鹫f。

“請打開這只手提箱好嗎?”

“好的?!一卮鹫f。

那位官員十分仔細地把箱子檢查了一遍。所有細心包裝好的東西一會兒工夫就亂成一團。我相信那箱子

再也關不上了。突然,我看到官員臉上露出了得意的神色。他在我的箱底發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只小瓶,高興地一把抓了起

來。

“香水,嗯?”他譏諷地說道,“你剛才應該申報,香水要上進口稅的。”

“不,這不是香水,”我說,“是發(fā)膠?!苯又夷槑⑿ρa充說:“這是一種我自己配制的奇特的混合物?!?/p>

“你就聞-聞吧!"我催促說。

海關官員擰開瓶蓋,把瓶子放到鼻子底下。一股怪味襲來,使他相信了我說的真話。幾分鐘后,我終于被

放行,手提劃著寶貴的粉筆記號的行李,匆匆離去。

Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland

Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.Wesometimesimagineadesertislandtobea

sortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.Lifethereissimpleandgood.

Ripefruitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Lifeona

desertislandiswretched.YoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoe,waitingforaboatwhichnever

comes.Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththesepictures,butfewofushavehadtheopportunitytofindout.

Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger.Theyweretakingabadly

damagedboatfromtheVirginIslandstoMiamitohaveitrepaired.Duringthejourney,theirboatbegantosink.They

quicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andtinsofbeerandrowedforafewmilesacrossthe

Caribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasnowater,

butthisdidnotprovetobeaproblem.Themencollectedrain-waterintherubberdinghy.Astheyhadbroughtaspear

gunwiththem,theyhadplentytoeat.Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday,and,asoneofthemputit'atelikekings*.

Whenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.

我們許多人對于荒島生活有一種不切實際的想法。我們有時想象荒島是陽光終日普照的天堂。在那里,生活簡

單又美好。成熟的水果從樹上掉下來,人們根本無需勞動。另一種想法恰恰相反,認為荒島生活很可怕,要么

餓死,要么像魯濱孫那樣,天天盼船來,卻總沒見船影。也許,這兩種都像都有可信之處。但很少有人能有機

會去弄個究竟。

最近有兩個人在一座珊瑚島上呆了5天,他們真希望在那兒再多呆一些口子。他們駕著一條嚴重損壞的小

船從維爾京群島阿密修理。途中,船開始下沉,他們迅速把食物、火柴、罐裝啤酒往一只救生筏上裝。然后在

加勒比海上劃行了幾英里,到了一座珊瑚島上。島上幾乎沒有一顆樹,也沒有淡水,但這不算什么問題。他們

用像皮艇蓄積雨水。由于他們隨身帶了一支捕魚槍,因此,吃飯不愁。他們天天捕捉龍蝦和魚,正如其中一位

所說,吃得“像國王一樣好”。5天后,一條油輪從那兒路過,搭救了他們。這二位不得不離開那個荒島時,還

真的感到遺憾呢!

Lesson13Ifsonlyme

Afterherhusbandhadgonetowork,MrsRichardssentherchildrentoschoolandwentupstairstoherbedroom.

Shewastooexcitedtodoanyhouseworkthatmorning,forintheeveningshewouldbegoingtoafancydressparty

withherhusband.Sheintendedtodressupasaghostandasshehadmadehercostumethenightbefore,shewas

impatienttotryiton.Thoughthecostumeconsistedonlyofasheet,itwasveryeffective.Afterputtingiton,Mrs

Richardswentdownstairs.Shewantedtofindoutwhetheritwouldbecomfortabletowear.

JustasMrsRichardswasenteringthedining-room,therewasaknockonthefrontdoor.Sheknewthatitmustbe

thebaker.Shehadtoldhimtocomestraightinifevershefailedtoopenthedoorandtoleavethebreadonthekitchen

table.Notwantingtofrightenthepoorman,MrsRichardsquicklyhidinthesmallstore-roomunderthestairs.She

heardthefrontdooropenandheavyfootstepsinthehall.Suddenlythedoorofthestore-roomwasopenedandaman

entered.MrsRichardsrealizedthatitmustbethemanfromtheElectricityBoardwhohadcometoreadthemeter.She

triedtoexplainthesituation,saying'It'sonlyme*,butitwastoolate.Themanletoutacryandjumpedbackseveral

paces.WhenMrsRichardswalkedtowardshim,hefled,slammingthedoorbehindhim.

理查茲夫人等丈夫上班走后,把孩子送去上學,然后來到樓上自己的臥室。那天上午,她興奮得什么家務活

都不想做,因為晚上她要同丈夫一起參加一個化裝舞會。她打算裝扮成鬼的模樣。頭天晚上她已把化裝服做好,

這時她急于想試試。盡管化裝服僅由一個被單制成,卻十分逼真。理查茲夫人穿上化裝服后下了樓,想看穿起

來是否舒服。

理查茲夫人剛剛走進餐廳,前門就傳來敲門聲。她知道來了一定面包師。她曾告訴過面包師,如果她不去

開門,他可直接進門,把面包放在廚房的桌上。理查茲夫人不想嚇唬這個可憐人,便趕緊躲到了樓梯卜的小儲

藏室里。她聽見前門被打開,走廊里響起重重的腳步聲。突然貯藏門開了,?個男人走了進來。理查茲夫人這

才想到一定是供電局來人查電表了。她說了聲“是我,別怕!”然后想進行一番解釋,但已來不及了。那人大叫

了一聲,驚退了幾步。理查茲夫人朝他走去,只見他“砰”的一聲關上門逃走了。

Lesson14Anoblegangster

TherewasatimewhentheownersofshopandbusinessesinChicagohadtopaylargesumsofmoneyto

gangstersinreturnfor'protection'Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutof

businessbydestroyinghisshop.Obtaining'protechonmoney'isnotamoderncrime.Aslongagoasthefourteenth

century,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesums

ofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.

Sixhundredyearsago,SirJohnHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersandsettlednearFlorence.He

soonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.WhenevertheItalian

city-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythe

highpricehedemanded.Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad.Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoa

city-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.

Hawkwoodmadelargesumsofmoneyinthisway.Inspiteofthis,theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.When

hediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturepaintedwhichwasdedicatedto

thememoryof'themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue'.

曾經有一個時期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板們不得不拿出大筆的錢給歹徒以換取“保護”。如果交款不及時,歹

徒們就會很快搗毀他的商店,讓他破產,榨取“保護金”并不是一種現(xiàn)代的罪惡行徑.早在14世紀,英國人約翰.霍克

伍德就有過非凡的發(fā)現(xiàn):“人們情愿拿出大筆的錢,也不愿畢生的心血毀于歹徒之手.

600年前,約翰.霍克伍德爵士帶著一隊士兵來到意大利,在佛羅倫薩附近駐扎下來,很快就出了名.意大利人

叫他喬凡尼?阿庫托.每次意大利各城邦之間打伏,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇傭給愿給他出高價的君主。和平時期,

當生意蕭條時,霍克伍德便帶領士兵進入某個城邦,縱火燒毀一兩個農場,然后提此如向他們繳納保護金,他們便

主動撤離?;艨宋榈掠眠@種方法掙了大筆錢.盡管如此,意大利人還是把他視作某種英雄。他80歲那年死去時,

佛羅倫薩人為他舉行了國葬,并為他畫像以紀念這位”驍勇無比的戰(zhàn)士、杰出的領袖喬凡尼.阿庫托先生

Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble

Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.Father,ofcourse,providesaregularsupplyofpocket-money,

butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.Ifsixpences

arenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoney-boxes.Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupa

money-box.Formostofthem,sixpenceisasmallpricetopayforasatisfyingbarofchocolate.

Mynephew,George,hasamoney-boxbutitisalwaysempty.VeryfewofthesixpencesIhavegivenhimhave

foundtheirwaythere.Igavehimsixpenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.Instead,heboughthimselfsixpence

worthoftrouble.Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhissixpenceanditrolledalongthepavementandthen

disappeareddownadrain.Georgetookoff

hisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedhisrightarmthroughthedraincover.Hecouldnotfindhissixpence

anywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnotgethisarmout.Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbed

hisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.Thefire-brigadewascalledandtwofiremenfreedGeorge

usingaspecialtypeofgrease.Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperiencebecausetheladywhoownsthesweetshop

heardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithalargeboxofchocolates.

孩子們總是喜歡得到一些零花錢。爸爸媽媽當然經常給孩子零花錢,但是,叔舅嬸姨也是孩子們額外收入來

源。對于有些孩子來說,少量的錢可以花很長一段時間。如果50便士不拿來換糖吃,則可以放在儲蓄罐里叮

當響上好幾月。但是能把儲蓄罐裝滿的只有屈指可數(shù)的幾個特別節(jié)儉的孩子。對大部分孩子來說,用50便士

來買一大塊好的巧克力,是算不了什么的。

我的外甥喬治有一個儲蓄罐,但總是空空的。我給了不少50便士的硬幣,但沒有幾個存到儲蓄罐里。昨

天,我給了他50便士讓存起來,卻拿這錢給自己買了50便士的麻煩。在他去糖果店的路匕50便士掉在地

上,在人行道上跳了幾下,掉進了陰溝里。喬治脫掉外套,卷起袖子,將右胳膊伸進了陰溝蓋。但他摸了半天

也沒找到那50便士硬幣,他的胳膊反倒退不出來了。這時在他周圍上了許多人,一位女士在喬治胳膊上抹了

肥皂,黃油,但喬治的胳膊仍然卡得緊緊的。有人打鬼話叫來消防隊,兩位消防隊員使用了一種特殊的潤滑劑

才使喬治得以解脫。不過,此事并沒使喬治過于傷心,因為糖果店老板娘聽說了他遇到的麻煩后,賞給他一大

盒巧克力。

Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb

MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinthetinyvillageofPerachorainsouthernGreece.OneofMary'sprize

possessionswasalittlewhiteIambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher.Shekeptittiedtoatreeinafieldduringtheday

andwenttofetchiteveryevening.Oneevening,however,thelambwasmissing.Theropehadbeencut,soitwas

obviousthatthelambhadbeenstolen.WhenDimitricameinfromthefields,hiswifetoldhimwhathadhappened.

Dimitriatoncesetouttofindthethief.

Heknewitwouldnotprovedifficultinsuchasmallvillage.Aftertellingseveralofhisfriendsaboutthetheft,

Dimitrifoundoutthathisneighbour,Aleko,hadsuddenlyacquiredanewlamb.DimitriimmediatelywenttoAleko's

houseandangrilyaccusedhimofstealingthelamb.Hetoldhimhehadbetterreturnitorhewouldcallthepolice.

AlekodeniedtakingitandledDimitriintohisback-yard.Itwastruethathehadjustboughtalamb,heexplained,but

hislambwasblack.Ashamedofhavingactedsorashly,DimitriapologizedtoAlekoforhavingaccusedhim.While

theyweretalkingitbegantorainandDimitristayedinAleko'shouseuntiltherainstopped.Whenhewentoutside

halfanhourlater,hewasastonishedtofindthatthelittleblacklambwasalmostwhite.Itswool,whichhadbeendyed

black,hadbeenwashedcleanbytherain!

瑪麗與丈夫迪米特里住在希臘南部一個叫波拉考拉的小村莊里?,旣愖钫滟F的財產之一就是丈夫送給她的一

只白色小羔羊。白天,瑪麗把羔羊拴在地里的一顆樹上,每天晚上把它牽回家??墒?,一天晚上,那只小羔羊

失蹤了。繩子被人割斷,很明顯小羔羊是被人偷走了。

迪米特里從地里回來,妻子把情況跟他一說,他馬上出去找偷羔羊的人。他知道在這樣一個小村莊里抓住

小偷并不困難。把失竊的事告訴幾個朋友后,迪米特里發(fā)出他的鄰居阿列科家突然多了一只小羔羊。迪米特里

立刻去了阿列科家,氣呼呼地指責他偷了羔羊,告訴他最好把羊交還,否則就去叫警察。阿列科不承認,并把

迪米特里領進院子。不錯,他的確剛買了一只羔羊,阿列科解釋說,但他的羔羊是黑色的。迪米特里為自己的

魯莽而感到不好意思,向阿列科道了歉,說是錯怪了他。就在他倆說話的時候,天下起了雨,迪米特里便呆在

阿列科家里避雨,一直等到雨停為止。半小時后,當他從屋里出來時,他驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)小黑羔羊全身幾乎都變成

白色。原來羊毛上染的黑色被雨水沖掉了!

Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld

Verrazano,anItalianaboutwhomlittleisknown,sailedintoNewYorkHarbourin1524andnamedit

Angouleme.Hedescribeditas'averyagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichfloweda

greatriver.1ThoughVerrazanoisbynomeansconsideredtobeagreatexplorer,hisnamewillprobablyremain

immortal,foronNovember21st,1964,thegreatestbridgeintheworldwasnamedafterhim.

TheVerrazanoBridge,whichwasdesignedbyOthmarAmmann,joinsBrooklyntoStatenIsland.Ithasaspanof

4260feet.Thebridgeissolongthattheshapeoftheearthhadtobetakenintoaccountbyitsdesigner.Twogreat

towerssupportfourhugecables.Thetowersarebuiltonimmenseunderwaterplatformsmadeofsteelandconcrete.

Theplatformsextendtoadepthofover100feetunderthesea.Thesealonetooksixteenmonthstobuild.Abovethe

surfaceofthewater,thetowersrisetoaheightofnearly700feet.Theysupportthecablesfromwhichthebridgehas

beensuspended.Eachofthefourcablescontains26,108lengthsofwire.Ithasbeenestimatedthatifthebridgewere

packedwithcars,itwouldstillonlybecarryingathirdofitstotalcapacity.However,sizeandstrengtharenottheonly

importantthingsaboutthisbridge.Despiteitsimmensity,itisbothsimpleandelegant,fulfillingitsdesigner'sdream

tocreate'anenormousobjectdrawnasfaintlyaspossible1.

1524年,一位鮮為人知的意大利人維拉薩諾駕船駛進紐約港,并將該港名為安古拉姆。他對該港作了這樣的

描述:“地理位置十分適宜,位于兩座小山的中間,一條大河從中間流過“。雖然維拉薩諾絕對算不上一個偉大

的探險家,但他的名字將流芳百世,因為1964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最長的吊橋是以他的名字命名。

維拉薩諾大橋由奧斯馬.阿曼設計,連結著布魯克林與斯塔頓島,橋長4,260英尺。由于橋身太長,設計者

不得不考慮了地表的形狀。兩座巨塔支撐著4根粗大的鋼纜。塔身建在巨大的水卜鋼盤混凝土平臺上。平臺深

入海底100英尺。僅這兩座塔就花了16個月才建成。塔身高出水面將近700英尺。高塔支撐著鋼纜,而鋼纜

又懸吊著大橋,4根鋼纜中的每根由26,108股鋼繩組成。據(jù)估計,若橋上擺滿了汽車,也只不過是橋的總承

載力的1/3。然而,這座橋重要特點不僅是它的規(guī)模與強度。盡管此橋很大,但它的結構簡單,造型優(yōu)美,實

現(xiàn)了設計者企圖創(chuàng)造?個“盡量用細線條勾畫出一個龐然大物”的夢想。

Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart

Modernsculpturerarelysurprisesusanymore.Theideathatmodernartcanonlybeseeninmuseumsis

mistaken.Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodernsculptureon

displayinpublicplaces.Strangeformsstandingardens,andoutsidebuildingsandshops.Wehavegotquiteusedto

them.Someso-called'modern'pieceshavebeenondisplayfornearlyfiftyyears.

Inspiteofthis,somepeople—includingmyself—weresurprisedbyarecentexhibitionofmodernsculpture.The

firstthingIsawwhenIenteredtheartgallerywasanoticewhichsaid:'Donottouch(heexhibits.Someofthemare

dangerous!*Theobjectsondisplaywerepiecesofmovingsculpture.Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedfromthe

ceilingandmoveinresponsetoagustofwindarequitefamiliartoeverybody.Theseobjects,however,weredifferent.

Linedupagainstthewall,therewerelongthinwiresattachedtometalspheres.Thesphereshadbeenmagnetizedand

attractedorrepelledeachotherallthetime.Inthecentreofthehall,therewereanumberoftallstructureswhich

containedcolouredlights.Theselightsflickeredcontinuouslyliketrafficlightswhichhavegonemad.Sparkswere

emittedfromsmallblackboxesandredlampsflashedonandoffangrily.Itwasratherlikeanexhibitionofprehistoric

electronicequipment.ThesePeculiarformsnotonlyseemeddesignedtoshockpeopleemotionally,buttogivethem

electricshocksaswell!

現(xiàn)代雕塑不再使我們感到驚訝了。那種認為現(xiàn)代藝術只能在博物館里才能看到的觀點是錯誤的。即使是對藝

術不感興趣的人也不會注意到在公共場所展示的現(xiàn)代藝術品。公園里、大樓和商店外豎立著的奇形怪狀的雕塑,

對這些,我們已經司空見慣了。有些所謂的“現(xiàn)代”藝術品在那里已經陳列了近80年了。

盡管如此,最近舉辦的一次現(xiàn)代雕塑展覽還是使一些人(包括我在內)大吃了一驚。走進展廳首先看到的

是一張告示,上面寫著“切勿觸摸展品,某些展品有危險!”展品都是些活動的雕像。人們所熟悉的是懸掛在天

花板上、造型奇特、隨風飄蕩的雕塑品。這些展品卻使人大開眼界。靠墻排列著許多細長的電線,而電線又連

著金屬球。金屬球經過磁化,互相之間不停地相互吸引或相互排斥。展廳中央是裝有彩色燈泡的許多高高的構

件,燈泡一刻不停地閃爍著,就像失去了控制的紅綠燈。小黑盒子里迸出火花,紅色燈泡發(fā)怒似地忽明忽暗。

這兒倒像是在展覽古老的電子設備。好像設計這些奇形怪狀的展品不僅是為了給人感情上的強烈刺激,而且還

想給人以電擊似的!

Lesson19Averydearcat

KidnappersarerarelyinterestedinAnimals,buttheyrecentlytookconsiderableinterestinMrsEleanorRamsay's

cat.MrsEleanorRamsay,averywealthyoldlady,hassharedaflatwithhercat,Rastus,foragreatmanyyears.

Rastusleadsanorderlylife.Heusuallytakesashortwalkintheeveningsandisalwayshomebyseveno'clock.One

evening,however,hefailedtoarrive.MrsRamsaygotveryworried.Shelookedeverywhereforhimbutcouldnotfind

him.

ThreedayafterRastus*disappearance,MrsRamsayreceivedananonymousletter.ThewriterstatedthatRastus

wasinsafehandsandwouldbereturnedimmediatelyifMrsRamsaypaidaransomof&1000.MrsRamsaywas

instructedtoplacethemoneyinacardboardboxandtoleaveitoutsideherdoor.Atfirst,shedecidedtogotothe

police,butfearingthatshewouldneverseeRastusagain—theletterhadmadethatquiteclear—shechangedhermind.

Shedrew&1000fromherbankandfollowedthekidnapper'sinstructions.Thenextmorning,theboxhaddisappeared

butMrsRamsaywassurethatthekidnapperwouldkeephisword.Sureenough,Rastusarrivedpunctuallyatseven

o'clockthatevening.Helookedverywell,thoughhewasratherthirsty,forhedrankhalfabottleofmilk.Thepolice

wereastoundedwhenMrsRamsaytoldthemwhatshehad

done.SheexplainedthatRastuswasverydeartoher.Consideringtheamountshepaid,hewasdearinmorewaysthan

one!

綁架者很少對動物感興趣。最近,綁架者卻盯上了埃莉諾.拉姆齊太太的貓。埃莉諾.拉姆齊太太是一個非常富

有的老婦人,多年來,一直同她養(yǎng)的貓拉斯一起住在一所公寓里。拉斯特斯生活很有規(guī)律,傍晚常常出去溜達

一會兒,并且總是在7點鐘以前回來??墒?,有一天晚上,它出去后再也沒回來。拉姆齊太太急壞了,四處尋

找,但沒有找著。

拉斯特斯失蹤3天后,拉姆齊太太收到一封匿名信。寫信人聲稱拉斯特斯安然無恙,只要拉姆齊太太愿意

支付1,000英鎊贖金,可以立即將貓送還。他讓拉姆齊太太把錢放在一個紙盒里,然后將紙盒放在門口。一開

始拉姆齊太太打算報告警察,但又害怕再也見不到拉斯特斯——這點,信上說得十分明白——于是便改變了主

意。她從銀行取出1,000英鎊,并照綁架者的要求做了。第二天早晨,放錢的盒子不見了。但拉姆齊太太確信

綁架者是會履行諾言的。果然,當天晚上7點正,拉斯特斯準時回來了。它看上去一切正常,只是口渴得很,

喝了半瓶牛奶。拉姆齊太太把她所做的事告訴了警察,警察聽后大為吃驚。拉姆齊太太解釋說她心疼她的貓拉

斯特斯。想到她所花的那筆錢,她的心疼就具有雙重意義了。

Lesson20Pioneerpilots

In1908LordNorthcliffeofferedaprizeof&1000tothefirstmanwhowouldflyacrosstheEnglishChannel.

Overayearpassedbeforethefirstattemptwasmade.OnJuly19th,1909,intheearlymorning,HubertLathamtook

offfromtheFrenchcoastinhisplanethe'AntoinetteIV.He

hadtravelledonlysevenmilesacrosstheChannelwhenhisenginefailedandhewasforcedtolandonthesea.The

'Antoinette'floatedonthewateruntilLathamwaspickedupbyaship.

Twodayslater,LouisBleriotarrivednearCalaiswithaplanecalled*No.XI*.Bleriothadbeenmakingplanes

since1905andthiswashislatestmodel.Aweekbefore,hehadcompletedasuccessfuloverlandflightduringwhich

hecoveredtwenty-sixmiles.Latham,howeverdidnotgiveupeasily.He,too,arrivednearCalaisonthesameday

withanew'Antonette*.ItlooksasiftherewouldbeanexcitingraceacrosstheChannel.Bothplanesweregoingto

takeoffonJuly25th,butLathamfailedtogetupearlyenough.Aftermakingashorttestflightat4.15a.m.,Bleriotset

offhalfanhourlater.Hisgreatflightlastedthirtysevenminutes.WhenhelandednearDover,thefirstpersontogreet

himwasalocalpoliceman.LathammadeanotherattemptaweeklaterandgotwithinhalfamileofDover,buthewas

unluckyagain.Hisenginefailedandhelandedontheseaforthesecondtime.

1908年,諾斯克利夫勛爵拿出1,000英鎊,作為對第一個飛越英吉利海峽的人的獎勵。然而一年多過去了才

有人出來嘗試。1909年7月19日凌晨,休伯特.萊瑟姆駕駛“安特瓦特4號”飛機從法國海岸起飛,但他只在海

峽匕空飛行7英里,引擎就發(fā)生了故障,他只好降落在海面上?!鞍蔡赝咛亍碧栵w機在海上漂浮,后來有船經過,

萊瑟姆方才獲救。

兩天之后,路易斯.布萊里奧駕駛一名為“11號”的飛機來到加來附近。布萊里奧從1905年起便開始研制飛

機,"11號''飛機是他制作的最新型號。一周以前,他曾成功地進行了一次26英里的陸上飛行。但是萊瑟姆不

肯輕易罷休。同一天,他駕駛一架新的“安特瓦特”號飛機來到了加來附近??磥頃幸粓黾ち业娘w越英吉利海

峽的競爭。兩天飛機都打算在7月25日起飛,但萊瑟姆那天起床晚了。布萊里奧凌晨4點15分作了一次短距

離試飛,半小時后便正式出發(fā)了。他這次偉大的飛行持續(xù)37分鐘。當他在多佛著陸后,第一個迎接他的是當

地一名警察。萊瑟姆一周以后也作了一次嘗試,匕到離多佛不到半英里的地方。這次他乂遭厄運,因引擎故障

第二次降落在海面上。

Lesson21DanielMendoza

BoxingmatcheswereverypopularinEnglandtwohundredyearsago.Inthosedays,boxersfoughtwithbare

fistsforPrizemoney.Becauseofthis,theywereknownas'prize-fighters'.However,boxingwasverycrude,forthere

werenorulesandaprize-fightercouldbeseriouslyinjuredorevenkilledduringamatch.

OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendozawhowasbornin1764.Theuseof

gloveswasnotintroduceduntil1860whentheMarquisofQueensberrydrewupthefirstsetOfrules.Thoughhewas

technicallyaprize-fighter,Mendozadidmuchtochangecrudeprize-fightingintoasport,forhebroughtsciencetothe

game.Inhisday,Mendozaenjoyedtremendouspopularity.Hewasadoredbyrichandpooralike.Mendozaroseto

fameswiftlyafteraboxing-matchwhenhewasonlyfourteenyearsold.ThisattractedtheattentionofRichard

HumphrieswhowasthenthemosteminentboxerinEngland.HeofferedtotrainMendozaandhisyoungpupilwas

quicktolearn.Infact,MendozasoonbecamesosuccessfulthatHumphriesturnedagainsthim.Thetwomen

quarrelledbitterlyanditwasclearthattheargumentcouldonlybesettledbyafight.AmatchwasheldatStilton

wherebothmenfoughtforanhour.ThepublicbetagreatdealofmoneyonMendoza,buthewasdefeated.Mendoza

metHumphriesintheringonalateroccasionandhelostfbrasecondtime.Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790

thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.Meanwhile,hefoundedahighlysuccessful

AcademyandevenLordByronbecameoneofhispupils.Heearnedenormoussumsofmoneyandwaspaidasmuch

as&100forasingleappearance.Despitethis,hewassoextravagantthathewasalwaysindebt.Afterhewasdefeated

byaboxercalledGentlemanJackson,hewasquicklyforgotten.Hewassenttoprisonforfailingtopayhisdebtsand

diedinpovertyin1836.

兩百年前,拳擊比賽在英國非常盛行。當時,拳擊手們不戴手套,為爭奪獎金而搏斗。因此,他們被稱作“職

業(yè)拳擊手”。不過,拳擊是十分野蠻的,因為當時沒有任何比賽規(guī)則,職業(yè)拳擊手有可能在比賽中受重傷,甚

至喪命。

拳擊史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼爾?門多薩,他生于1764年。1860年昆斯伯里侯爵第?次為拳擊比

賽制定了規(guī)則,拳擊比賽這才用上了手套。雖然門多薩嚴格來講不過是個職'也拳擊手,但在把這種粗野的拳擊

變成一種體育運動方面,他作出了重大貢獻。是他把科學引進了這項運動。門多薩在的全盛時期深受大家歡迎,

無論是富人還是窮人都對他祟拜備至。

門多薩在14歲時參加一場拳擊賽后一舉成名。這引起當時英國拳壇名將理查德.漢弗萊斯的注意。他主

動提出教授門多薩,而年少的門多薩一學就會。事實上,門多薩不久便名聲大振,致使?jié)h弗萊斯與他反目為敵。

兩個人爭吵不休,顯而易見,只有較量一番才能解決問題。于是兩人在斯蒂爾頓設下賽場,廝打了一個小時。

公眾把大筆賭注下到了門多薩身上,但他卻輸了。后來,門多薩與漢弗萊斯再次在拳擊場上較量,門多薩又輸

了?場。直到1790年他們第3次對壘,門多薩才終于擊敗漢弗萊斯,成了全英拳擊冠軍。同時,他建立了一

所拳擊學校,辦得很成功,連拜倫勛爵也成了他的學生。門多薩掙來大筆大筆的錢,一次出場費就多可達100

英鎊。盡管收入不少,但他揮霍無度,經常債臺高筑。他在被一個叫杰克遜紳士的拳擊手擊敗后很快被遺忘。

他因無力還債而被捕入獄,最后于1836年在貧困中死去。

Lesson22Byheart

Someplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend.Inmanyways,thisisunfortunateforthepooractors

whoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthesamelinesnightafternight.Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsby

heartandneverhavecausetofalter.Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase.

Afamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocratwhohadbeenimprisonedin

theBastillefortwentyyears.Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeonto

thestagewithaletterwhichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.Eventhoughthenoblewasexpectedtoreadtheletterat

eachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.Onenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajoke

onhiscolleaguetofindoutif,aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterbyheart.

Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthearistocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.

Justthen,thegaolerappearedwiththepreciousletterinhishands.Heenteredthecellandpresentedthelettertothe

aristocrat.Butthecopyhegavehimhadnotbeenwrittenoutinfullasusual.Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.The

gaolerlookedoneagerly,anxioustoseeifhisfellow-actorhadatlastlearnthislines.Thenoblestaredattheblank

sheetofpaperforafewseconds.Then,squintinghiseyes,hesaid:'Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome.*Andhe

promptlyhandedthesheetofpapertothegaoler.Findingthathecouldnotrememberawordofthelettereither,the

gaolerreplied:'Thelightisindeeddim,sire.Imustgetmyglasses.'Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.Muchtothe

aristocrat'samusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairofglassesandtheusualcopyoftheletter

whichheproceededtoreadtotheprisoner.

有些劇目十分成功,以致連續(xù)上演好幾年。這樣一來,可憐的演員們可倒霉了。因為他們需要一夜連著一夜

地重復同樣的臺詞。人們以為,這些演員一定會把臺詞背得爛熟,絕不會臨場結巴的,但情況卻并不總是這樣。

有?位名演員曾在?出極為成功的劇目中扮演?個貴族角色,這個貴族已在巴士底獄被關押了20年。在

最后一幕中,獄卒手持一封信上場,然后將信交給獄中那位貴族。盡管那個貴族每場戲都得念一遍那封信。但

他還是堅持要求將信的全文寫在信紙上。

一天晚上,獄卒決定與他的同事開一個玩笑,看看他反復演出這么多場之后,是否已將信的內容記熟了。

大幕拉開,最后一?幕戲開演,貴族獨自?人坐在鐵窗后陰暗的牢房里。這時獄卒上場,手里拿著那封珍貴的信。

獄卒走進牢房,將信交給貴族。但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒有像往常那樣把全文寫全,而是一張白紙。獄卒熱切

地觀察著,急于想了解他的同事是否記熟了臺詞。貴族盯著紙看了幾秒鐘,然后,眼珠一轉,說道:“光線太

暗,請給我讀一下這封信?!闭f完,他一下子把信遞給獄卒。獄卒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己連一個字也記不住,于是便說:“陛

下,這兒光線的確太暗了,我得去眼鏡拿來?!彼贿呎f著,?邊匆匆下臺。貴族感到非常好笑的是:一會兒

工夫,獄卒重新登臺,拿來一副眼鏡以及平時使用的那封信,然后為那囚犯念了起來。

Lesson23Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison

Peoplebecomequiteillogicalwhentheytrytodecidewhatcanbeeatenandwhatcannotbeeaten.Ifyoulivedin

theMediterranean,forinstance,youwouldconsideroctopusagreatdelicacy.Youwouldnotbeabletounderstand

whysomepeoplefinditrepulsive.Ontheotherhand,yourstomachwouldturnattheideaoffryingpotatoesinanimal

fat-thenormallyacceptedpracticeinmanynortherncountries.Thesadtruthisthatmostofushavebeenbroughtup

toeatcertainfoodsandwesticktothemallourlives.

Nocreaturehasreceivedmorepraiseandabusethanthecommongardensnail.Cookedinwine,snailsareagreat

luxuryinvariouspartsoftheworld.Therearecountlesspeoplewho,eversincetheirearlyyears,havelearnedto

associatesnailswithfood.Myfriend,Robert,livesinacountrywheresnailsaredespised.Ashisflatisinalargetown,

hehasnogardenofhisown.Foryearshehasbeenaskingmetocollectsnailsfrommygardenandtakethemtohim.

Theideaneverappealedtomeverymuch,butoneday,afteraheavyshower,Ihappenedtobewalkinginmygarden

whenInoticedahugenumberofsnailstakingastrollonsomeofmyprizeplants.Actingonasuddenimpulse,I

collectedseveraldozen,puttheminapaperbag,andtookthemtoRobert.Robertwasdelightedtoseemeandequally

pleasedwithmylittlegift.Ileftthebaginthe

hallandRobertandIwentintotheliving-roomwherewetalkedforacoupleofhours.Ihadforgottenallaboutthe

snailswhenRobertsuddenlysaidthatImuststaytodinner.Snailswould,ofcourse,bethemaindish.Ididnotfancy

theideaandIreluctantlyfollowedRobertoutoftheroom.Toourdismay,wesawthatthereweresnailseverywhere:

theyhadescapedfromthepaperbagandhadtakencompletepossessionofthehall!Ihaveneverbeenabletolookata

snailsincethen.

在決定什么能吃而什么不能吃的時候,人們往往變得不合情理…比如,如果你住在地中海地區(qū),你會把章魚

視作是美味佳肴,同時不能理解為什么有人一見章魚就惡心。另一方面,你一想到動物油炸土豆就會

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