Unit6Understandingideas-Usinglanguage詞匯精講課堂

詞匯課堂Awordisamicrocosmofhumanconsciousness.—Vygotsky教材版本：新外研冊別單元：必修三Unit6

(Understandingideas—Usinglanguage)本單元詞匯梳理1.disaster詞塊：naturaldisasters,thedisasterarea2.tube熟詞生義：地鐵(美式英語：subway)詞塊：take/catchthetube,bytube3.plus加號＋；反義詞minus；熟詞生義：優(yōu)點詞塊：ontheplusside4.erupt派生詞：eruption5.immediatelyimmediate(adj

立即的)+-lyadv

近義詞：atonceconj

近義詞：assoonas6.occur正式用語，對應(yīng)happenoc-(=ob-against,toward相對、向)+cur(torun跑)→相對著跑，即跑到一起→遇到→發(fā)生詞塊：occurto,itoccurstosb(that),itoccurstosbtodosth7.announcementannounce(宣布)+-ment(名詞后綴)詞塊：makeanannouncement=announce8.forecastfore-(before在……之前)+cast(throw投)→預(yù)先投放→預(yù)料、預(yù)測近義詞：predict詞塊：aweatherforecast9.grab基本義：抓住熟詞生義：匆忙地吃/喝詞塊：grabtheopportunity10.reliablerely(依賴)+-able(可……的)→可以依賴的→可信賴的近義詞：dependable11.rescue近義詞：save詞塊：rescueworkers,cometosb’srescue,rescuesbfrom12.emergencyemerge(出現(xiàn))+-ency(名詞后綴)→突然出現(xiàn)的事→突發(fā)事件、緊急情況PublicHealthEmergency13.typhoon音譯詞14.exceptionally詞族：except,exception,exceptional,exceptionally15.claim詞塊：claimtobe/dosth,

claim+(that)從句,makeaclaim/claims16.crisis詞塊：crisisofconfidence;energycrisis;financialcrisis17.threat&threaten詞族：threat,threaten,threatening詞塊：athreattosth,threatentodosth18.preciselyprecise(精確的)+-ly(副詞后綴)precise：pre-(before前)+-cise(tocut切)→預(yù)先裁剪好的→精確的近義詞：exactlyoccur重難點詞精講一詞多義英語釋義claim搭配義rescue辨析義grab一詞多義plus一詞多義?iPhone64.7英寸1334×750像素電池續(xù)航50小時iPhone6Plus

5.5英寸1920×1080像素電池續(xù)航80小時plus自從2014年蘋果推出了iPhone6Plus后，各個手機(jī)廠商也不斷推出以Plus命名的手機(jī)。Plus是什么意思呢？

iPhone6Plus

和iPhone6最的主要區(qū)別在于屏幕的大小：iPhone6Plus是iPhone6的加大版，plus意為“加”“外加”?！鰊[C]加號；正號；[非正式用語]有利因素反minus：theplussignHerknowledgeofFrenchisabigplusinherjob.■prep

加；加上反minus

；外加；另有：Threeplustwoequals/is/makesfive.Hehadwealthplusfame.■conj

[非正式用語]并且；而且：Mobilephonesaresmallanduseful.Plustheyarecheaperthanbefore.

plus詞源：來自拉丁語plus(more,ingreaternumber更多、更大)，基本義為“加”。■adj

說出下列詞塊或句子中plus的漢語釋義。Aplusplus5℃anincomeof$50,000plusThisisnotanexcitingcartodrive,butontheplussideitisextremelyreliable.零上好的/有利的多A+plus語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖加；加上加

(基本義)有利因素加號nprepadjconj外加；另有表示加的零上的多；余好的；有利的并且；而且工作、表現(xiàn)等的加分項Majorearthquakeslikethisoften_______________（發(fā)生）.happen

正式用語根據(jù)所給漢語，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。occur/occur

[正式用語]發(fā)生tohappen:

AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.

2017江蘇

出現(xiàn)；存在toexistorbefoundsomewhere：

Sugaroccursnaturallyinfruit.Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.2014重慶occurtosb浮現(xiàn)于腦中；被想起：①itoccurstosbtodosth:Itoccurredtohertophonethepolice.②itoccurstosb+that從句:NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.

2013湖南occur詞源解讀：oc-(=ob-against,toward相對、向)+cur(torun跑)→相對著跑，即跑到一起的→遇到→發(fā)生比happen正式occur的兩個重要用法occur

句中寫—讀后續(xù)寫1.Asuddenthoughtoccurred

tohim.讀寫細(xì)節(jié)描寫一句多譯：想到了一個想法(flash)(enter)(strike)(hit)(take)2.Asuddenthoughtflashedacrosshismind.3.Asuddenthoughtenteredhismind.4.Asuddenthoughtstruckhim.5.Asuddenthoughthithim.6.Hewastakenbyasuddenthought.詞匯拓展

[C]發(fā)生的事情：everydayoccurrences

[U]發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)?occurrencenoccur,happen,takeplace析辨相同點：

三者都可指“發(fā)生”

三者都是不及物動詞，都不能用于被動語態(tài)不同點：occur指“發(fā)生”時可與happen換用，但occur較為正式。

Ifanyofthesesymptomsoccurwhileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.happen

主要用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。

Maybesomethingunexpectedhappened.takeplace主要指按計劃進(jìn)行或發(fā)生，可指發(fā)生好事或不好的事。

Theconferencewilltakeplacenextmonth.奧黛麗·赫本（AudreyHepburn，1929—1993），英國電影和舞臺劇女演員，曾出演《羅馬假日》(RomanHoliday)《蒂凡尼的早餐》《窈窕淑女》等影片。她一生中共獲得五次奧斯卡最佳女主角提名。晚年時，奧黛麗·赫本投身慈善事業(yè)，是聯(lián)合國兒童基金會親善大使的代表人物，為第三世界婦女與孩童爭取權(quán)益。1992年被授予美國“總統(tǒng)自由勛章”，1993年獲奧斯卡人道主義獎。1999年，她被美國電影學(xué)會評為“百年來最偉大的女演員”第三位。grab機(jī)遇很少憑空出現(xiàn)。因此，當(dāng)它們出現(xiàn)時，你一定要抓住?！獖W黛麗·赫本grabv

vi&vt（試圖）抓住(seize)：Lilygrabbedthetoycarfromherlittlebrother.grabtheopportunity/chance

vt［非正式用語］（因忙碌而）趕緊/抓緊（吃/喝/睡）togetsomefoodorsleepquicklybecauseyouarebusy：Fromthispointon,you’llhavefreetimetoexplorethecityandgrabsomelunch.2011湖北Whydon’tyougoandgrabsomesleep?

吸引；引人注意：TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.■n[C]［常用單數(shù)］（猛然的）抓取seize/grasp/take(up)theopportunitygrab語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖（猛然的）抓取

吸引；引人注意

（因忙碌而）趕緊/抓緊（吃/喝/睡）

（試圖）抓住“抓住”某人的注意力“抓住”時機(jī)吃、喝、睡“抓住”某人或某物抓?。ɑ玖x）grab動詞名詞rescue歌曲欣賞：rescue《拯救》■

vt

營救：Shewasrescuedfromaburningbuilding.

■

n[U]&[C]救援；營救：cometosb’srescue

Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.rescue新聞里經(jīng)常報道某個國家的某個城市發(fā)生了炸彈襲擊，而某個人或某個組織“聲稱”對該起恐襲事件負(fù)責(zé)，其中的“聲稱；宣稱”就用claim表示。claim——新聞報道（釋義①）

新聞中還常有天災(zāi)人禍的報道，往往會提及“……奪去了多少人的生命”，這時往往用“災(zāi)難或沖突等+claim+life/lives”表達(dá)。claim——新聞報道（釋義③）當(dāng)認(rèn)為自己有合法權(quán)利提出某項要求時可以用claim。比如，當(dāng)網(wǎng)購的物品有損壞而要求退款（claimthemoneybackfordamages）；汽車因刮蹭向投保的保險公司索賠（claimontheinsurance）；認(rèn)領(lǐng)丟失的財物（claimlostproperty）等等。claim——維權(quán)（釋義②）claim

v

vt

聲稱；宣稱

tosaythatsthistrue,withouthavinganyproof：Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightingagainstcancer.①

claimtobe/dosth:Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.②claim+(that)從句：SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.

vt&vi（根據(jù)權(quán)利）要求；索要；認(rèn)領(lǐng)toaskforsthbecauseyouthinkit’syourlegalrighttohaveit：Heshouldbeableto

claimback

thepriceoftheticket.Youcanclaimon

theinsuranceifyouhaveanaccidentwhileonholiday.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.2010湖南

vt[尤用于新聞報道]奪去（生命）tocausesb’sdeath：Over3,000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquake.■n[C]

聲稱；斷言：Theymadeclaims

theycouldn’tliveupto.

（對事物的）權(quán)利；所有權(quán)：Thereisalargenumberofpatentexaminers,whoseonlyjobistoexaminewhetheryourclaimisvalidornot.

要求；索賠：Youcanmakeaclaim

oninsurancepolicy.

本單元金句匯總1.Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.2014重慶2.NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.

2013湖南3.TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.4.Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.5.SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.

隨堂檢測一、選出能替換畫線部分的單詞。Mobilephonesaresmallanduseful.Plustheyarecheaperthanbefore.(Besides/However) _____________二、根據(jù)句意寫出畫線部分的漢語釋義。

1.IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.（2016北京）

_____________2.Thisisnotanexcitingcartodrive,butontheplusside

itisextremelyreliable. _____________3.Whatsomepeopleregardasadrawback（缺點）isseenasaplusbymanyothers.（2010北京）

_____________4.MyjobistointroduceBritishvisitorstothe120-pluspandas.（2016全國改）

_____________plus從好的方面來說以及/外加優(yōu)點/優(yōu)勢120多Besides一、根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子。1._________________________（我沒有想到）thathemighthavehadproblems.2.Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideas_____________________________（他想到的）.3.Isuppose________________________________（她根本沒想到要請求幫助）.4._________________________（他突然想到）thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.Itdidn’toccurtomethat/whichitdidn’toccurtohertoaskforhelpItsuddenlyoccurredtohimoccuroccurredtohim二、選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語，并用其正確形式填空。1.TheOlympics__________________everyfouryears.2.Nooneknowsexactlywhat__________________butseveralpeoplehavebeenhurt.3.Theinstructionssay:“Ifanyadverse（不利的）reactions__________________,discontinueuseandconsultyourdoctor.”takeplacehappened/occurredoccurred

occurhappentakeplace一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Shegrabbedthechild’shandandran. ___________2.Thebookisfullofgoodideastograb

thestudents’attention. ___________3.HangonwhileIgrab

acupofcoffee. ___________二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。Ithinkyoushould________________________________（抓住機(jī)會）totravelwhileyou’reyoung.抓住

吸引grab趕緊喝grabthechance/opportunityrescue

漢譯英。1.救援人員______________________2.營救某人(n)______________________3.營救行動_____________________________4.從……中救出某人

(v)______________________rescueworkerscometosb’srescuer