初中英語九年級(jí)全一冊(cè) Section Ba-3b Self check【全國(guó)一等獎(jiǎng)】

SectionB2a—3bSelfcheck構(gòu)成句子成分不定式to+動(dòng)詞原形除謂語外的任何成分

將要?jiǎng)用~doing主語賓語表語定語狀語賓補(bǔ)表一般情況分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing表語賓補(bǔ)定語狀語主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行過去分詞done表語賓補(bǔ)定語狀語被動(dòng)、完成非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中不能單獨(dú)作謂語，不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制。

想一想1什么情況下用itisadjofsbtodosth句型，什么情況下用itisadjforsbtodosth句型。2.還有哪些動(dòng)詞可以用動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語？3哪些動(dòng)詞經(jīng)常用it做形式賓語，動(dòng)詞不定式做真正賓語？4還有哪些動(dòng)詞可以用動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語（vsbtodosth結(jié)構(gòu)）5.還有哪個(gè)名詞經(jīng)常用動(dòng)詞不定式做后置定語？動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，有時(shí)to可以省略。動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為“not+動(dòng)詞不定式”。e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisdifficult.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，為了保持句子平衡，常用it代替它作形式主語，而將真正的主語——?jiǎng)釉~不定式后置，上面的例句常寫為：It’sdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.考點(diǎn)一：作主語。形式主語代替動(dòng)詞不定式的常用句型為：It’s+adj.+(of/forsb.)todosth.或It’s+n.+(forsb.)todosth.。e.g.It’sverynice

ofyoutooffermeaseat.

It’sverydangerousforchildren

tocrossthebusystreet.

Itwasgreatfun

tohaveapicnicthere.考點(diǎn)二：作賓語。常跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有agree,

afford,decide,expect,fail,hope,learn,offer,prepare,plan,promise,

refuse,want等。注意：在find||think|makeitadjtodosthe.g.I

find

it

hard

to

get

along

with

him.

口訣假裝承諾同意準(zhǔn)備提供，一心想要希望期待規(guī)劃選擇做決定卻失敗了，（等到成功），卻負(fù)擔(dān)不起拒絕1.Theydecided_____abridgeovertheriver.(2015四川遂寧)A.buildB.tobuildC.building2.I

wanted

to

see

the

Beijing

Opera,

so

Lingling

offered

____

me

to

watch

an

opera.

(2016天津)A.took

B.takes

C.to

take

D.taking中考鏈接BC3.She

said

she

hoped

______her

daughter.

(2016湖南邵陽)A.to

see

B.you

to

see

C.seeing4.I

can’t

tell

you

what

she

said.

I’ve

promised

_____

it

a

secret.

(2016上海)

A.keep

B.to

keep

C.keeping

D.kept

AB考點(diǎn)三：作賓語補(bǔ)足語。1.

一些動(dòng)詞后常跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，這類動(dòng)詞有allow,want,tell,advise,ask,warn,encourage,invite,order,teach等。提示：helpsb(to)dosthe.g.Canyouhelpthegirl(to)movethechair?口訣

想要希望期待告訴被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)试S鼓勵(lì)建議警告幫助教不允許命令要求2.

使役動(dòng)詞(如make,let等)及感官動(dòng)詞(如see,feel,hear,watch,notice等)后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)需省略to。注意在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加上to。

e.g.Isawayoungmanentertheroom.Shewasoftenheardtosingthissong.口訣一感，二聽，三讓，四看。1.Ourteacheroftenadvisesus_____thehabitofmakingnoteswhilereading.(2016蘇州)

A.

todevelop

B.

develop

C.

to

developing

D.

developing2.You

should

ask

Bob

___

his

own

clothes.Heistenyearsoldnow.(2016重慶A卷)A.washB.washesC.washingD.towashA中考鏈接D3.We

advise

parents

______

their

children

at

home

alone

in

order

to

keep

them

away

from

danger.(2016黑龍江東)A.

not

to

leave

B.

not

leave

C.

not

leaving

A考點(diǎn)四：作定語。動(dòng)詞不定式可以作名詞的定語；還可在某些句型中作定語，與所修飾的名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。e.g.Ihaven’thadthechancetothinkyet.

（作名詞的定語）提示：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語修飾名詞且為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，如果動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，后面要加上相應(yīng)的介詞。e.g.Tina

has

no

paper

to

write

on.

想要成功，把握機(jī)會(huì)，抓緊時(shí)間，注意方式，還有能力Joining

a

summer

camp

is

a

greatchance

____

free

time

with

your

friends.

(2016吉林)A.spendB.spendingC.tospendC中考鏈接考點(diǎn)四：

作狀語。動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語往往表示原因、目的、結(jié)果等。e.g.Theyweresurprisedtofindthatnobodywasinthehouse.

(表示原因)

Togetagoodseatshearrivedatthehallearly.

(表示目的)Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.

(表示結(jié)果)

說明：1.hadbetter，

wouldrather，

Whynot...?，Will/Wouldyouplease...?后面接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。

e.g.Tocatchtheearlybus,you’dbettergetupearlytomorrowmorning.2.

動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問詞what，

which，

how，where，

when等連用，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。

e.g.Canyoutellmewheretobuyamap?1.—

I’llhaveaten-dayholiday.ButIdon’tknow______.

—

HowaboutParis?

(2016成都)

A.whattodo

B.

wheretogoC.

whentogoB中考鏈接2.The

Chinese

team

are

working

hard

____honors

in

the

2016Olympic

Games.

(2016湖南株洲)A.to

win

B.win

C.winning

3.It’s

getting

dark.

You’d

better

_____out

by

yourself.

It’s

dangerous.(2016四川宜賓)A.not

go

B.not

to

go

C.to

go

AA4.I

bought

a

big

box

________

books

for

kids

in

poor

areas.

(2016吉林長(zhǎng)春)A.

collects

B.

to

collect

C.

collect

D.

collectedB動(dòng)詞-ing形式動(dòng)詞的-ing形式由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成，其否定形式為“not+動(dòng)詞的-ing形式”。動(dòng)詞的-ing形式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等?？键c(diǎn)一：作主語。動(dòng)名詞作主語和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語，在很多情況下可以通用。e.g.Playing/Toplaycomputergamestoomuchisbadforyoureyes.

OurEnglishteacheroftensaystous,“_____Englishwellisveryimportant.”(2013四川內(nèi)江)A.LearnB.LearningC.LearnedD.Tolearning中考鏈接B考點(diǎn)二：作賓語。1.在初中階段我們需要掌握的后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的詞語有dislike,consider,enjoy,finish,imagine,keep,mind,practice,suggest,giveup,putoff,keepon,bebusy,havefun,beafraidof,begoodat,beinterestedin,beusedto,lookforwardto,feellike,thanksfor等。

2.

有些及物動(dòng)詞（如like，

love，

hate，

begin，

start等）既可以跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語，也可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，且意思上沒什么差別。如：

e.g.Doyoulikereading/toread?

3.

有些及物動(dòng)詞（如remember，

forget，

stop，

try等）既可以跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語，也可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，但意義有別。

forget/remembertodosth.

忘記

/

記得要做某事forget/rememberdoingsth.

忘記

/

記得做過某事stoptodosth.

停下來去做某事stopdoingsth.

停止做某事

trytodosth.

設(shè)法做某事trydoingsth.

嘗試做某事needtodosth.

需要去做某事needdoing

需要被做meantodosth.

打算去做某事meandoingsth.

意味著做某事usedtodosth.

過去常常做某事beusedtodoingsth.

習(xí)慣于做某事1.

We

feel

like

_____

some

food

and

drink

because

we’ll

invite

some

friends_____in

a

party.(2016黑龍江齊齊哈爾)A.buying,

to

join

B.to

buy,

joining

C.buying,

join

中考鏈接A2.After

she

finished

______the

story,

Alice

wrote

a

review

for

her

school

newspaper.

(2016上海)A.read

B.reads

C.to

read

D.reading3.Bruce

practices

________

basketball

every

day

so

that

he

can

be

a

better

player.

(2016海南)A.

play

B.

to

play

C.

playingDC4.My

father

used

to

drive

to

work,

but

he

is

used

to

______

now.

(2016貴州六盤水)A.walking

B.walked

C.walks

D.walkA考點(diǎn)三：賓語補(bǔ)足語一些動(dòng)詞既可以接動(dòng)詞不定式又可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有區(qū)別。感官動(dòng)詞(如see，watch，notice，hear，feel等)

后既可跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，也可以跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。前者表示動(dòng)作的全過程，后者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。

1.The

show

wasso

funny

that

it

made

everyone______againandagain.(2016山東濟(jì)寧)A.laughB.laughedC.laughingD.tolaugh

A中考鏈接2.IheardTom_____whenIwalkedpasthisroomyesterday.(2015江蘇宿遷)A.singsB.singingC.tosingD.sang3.Isawsomeboystudents_____basketballwhenIpassedtheplayground.(2014貴州安順)