閱讀與練習(xí)-科技領(lǐng)域：陽(yáng)盛陰衰之探尋-2022屆高考英語(yǔ)閱讀備考

WhythereisfewwomensucceedinginSTEM科技領(lǐng)域：陽(yáng)盛陰衰之探尋

難詞掃障

1.stereotypen.陳規(guī)舊習(xí)；老一套；刻板印象

2.normn.規(guī)范;標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則

原文復(fù)現(xiàn)

NowadaystherearefewfemalesworkingintheSTEM(STEMmeans

science,technology,engineeringandmath's),comparedwithmales.

Accordingtoasurvey,despitemakinguphalfoftheworkforce,womenonly

accountfor14.4%ofallpeopleworkinginSTEM.

Manydifferentreasonsarestatedforwhythismaybethecase：girlsare

lesslikelytostudySTEMsubjectssuchasphysics,chemistry,andmath's

atschool,orcontinuethematuniversity.Someresearchersbelievethat

girlsreceive

gender-basedprejudicefromchildhoodpreviously.leadingthemto

mistakenlybelievethatboysarenaturallybetteratSTEMsubjectsforsome

inbornabilityalthoughthereisnoevidencethatmenarebiologicallybetterat

certainsubjectsthanwomen.

AnotherreasonisthatwomenstillfacesomegenderednormsinSTEM,

suchassomesociallimitationsthatweplaceupongirlsinadolescenceand

eventheycarrythroughouttheiradultlives：aimhigh,butnottoohigh;be

successful,butnevershowoff;avoiddisagreementorhandlechallenging

situationsbytryingtopleasepeople,ratherthanfindingyourownpath.

Theseideasmaypreventsomewomenfromachievingtheirfullpotentialin

STEMcareers.

Aboveall,manygirlsthemselvesmaycontinuetoregardtheindustry

withnarrowstereotypes."TherehasbeentheideathatacareerinSTEM

meansyou'reeitherawhitecoat-wearinglaboratoryscientist,anengineerin

overallsandahardhat,oraslightlystrangeacademicprofessor,"Ursula

HangofP&G'sbeautydeliveryengineeringdivisionsays,"Butthereare

manyinstancesofengineersandscientistsworkingincompletelydifferent

environmentsonarangeofapplicationsthataffecteveryaspectofourlives：

digitization數(shù)字化），weatherpatterns,ortransportsystems.Theyarevery

important,andextremelyrelevant!"

Hence,howdogirlsbreakthemyththatSTEMcareersareonlyforthe

boys?First,challengethefalseexpectationthatboysaresimplybetterat

STEM."Bereceptivetonewpossibilitiesandbreakthroughstereotypes,“

urgesHang,"Ifyoudefeatandremovegenderedprejudice,youwillexploit

（發(fā)揮）yourtalentandfindanewworld."Then,developtheconfidencein

yourabilitytohavetrueleadershipinSTEM.That'sthekeytosuccess.Most

ofall,bemorestrategicanddecisive,holdingyourownopinioninmore

challengingsituations.

Thankfully,thingsarechanging.Onerecentstudyfoundthatmore

womenhaveenteredSteminthepast40yearsthananyotherfield.Thereare

partofwomenwithflourishing（蒸蒸日上的）scienceandtechnologycareers,

butfurtherworkneedstobedonetohelpencouragethesewomentoworkin

theindustryandtomakethisbecomeanormratherthananexception.It'sof

vitalimportancetobreakthroughthestereotypesandtodevelopthenext

generationoffemaleSTEMtalent.

-----FromTheGuardian

整體感知

本文是一篇議論文，主要說(shuō)明了為什么從事科技領(lǐng)域相關(guān)職業(yè)的女性占比很

少。據(jù)調(diào)查，盡管女性占勞動(dòng)力總數(shù)的一半，但從事科技領(lǐng)域的女性僅占14.4%。

有三個(gè)主要原因可以解釋這一狀況：第一，大部分女性從小時(shí)候起就內(nèi)化了這

種男性有學(xué)習(xí)理科的天賦，且比女性更加擅長(zhǎng)的性別偏見悌二，女性需要長(zhǎng)期

面對(duì)一些固有的社會(huì)觀念的束縛悌三，有些女性自己本身就對(duì)科技領(lǐng)域相關(guān)職

業(yè)有著刻板的印象。因此，女性要打破這種刻板認(rèn)識(shí)，戰(zhàn)勝性別偏見，勇于追

求自己的職業(yè)理想。雖然和以前相比，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有很多女性從事科技領(lǐng)域相關(guān)

行業(yè)，但要真正實(shí)現(xiàn)性別平等，培養(yǎng)女性的才能，還需要繼續(xù)努力。

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)梳理：

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)

寫作句型積累

1.Accordingtoasurvey,despitemakinguphalfoftheworkforce,

womenonlyaccountfor14.4%ofallpeopleworkinginSTEM.

根據(jù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，盡管婦女占勞動(dòng)力的一半，但在科技領(lǐng)域工作的所有人員中，

婦女只占14.4%。

2.Manydifferentreasonsarestatedforwhythismaybethecase.

本文對(duì)為何會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況，提出了許多不同的理由。

3.AnotherreasonisthatwomenstillfacesomegenderednormsinSTEM,

suchassomesociallimitationsthatweplaceupongirlsinadolescenceand

eventheycarrythroughouttheiradultlives.

另一個(gè)原因是，女性仍面對(duì)著一些科技領(lǐng)域的性別“規(guī)則”，如我們?cè)谂⒌?/p>

青年時(shí)期就在她們身上強(qiáng)加社會(huì)束縛，這貫穿了她們成年后的生活。

4.First,challengethefalseexpectationthatboysaresimplybetterat

STEM.

首先，挑戰(zhàn)一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的預(yù)判，即男孩們?cè)诳萍碱I(lǐng)域的表現(xiàn)更好。

5.Then,developtheconfidenceinyourabilitytohavetrueleadershipin

STEM.That'sthekeytosuccess.

然后，培養(yǎng)你的自信，使你在科技領(lǐng)域有真正的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力。這是成功的關(guān)鍵。

6.Mostofall,bemorestrategicanddecisive,holdingyourownopinion

inmorechallengingsituations.

最重要的是，在更具挑戰(zhàn)性的情況下，保持自己的觀點(diǎn)，更具戰(zhàn)略性和決斷

性。

7.It'sofvitalimportancetobreakthrough