Module1Unit1知識點課件英語八年級上冊

教材語境

Work

in

pairs.

結(jié)對練習(xí)。（教材P2）&1&

pair/pe?/

n.（相關(guān)的）兩個人，一對&2&

作名詞，常用短語：in

pairs"成對，成雙"。The

students

sometimes

practise

English

in

pairs.學(xué)生們有時兩人一組練習(xí)英語。&3&

a/this/that

pair

of..."一/這/那雙，一/這/那副……"，作主語時，句子的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。A

pair

of

gloves

is

a

nice

birthday

present.一副手套是一件很好的生日禮物。This

pair

of

socks

feels

soft.

I'll

take

them.

這雙襪子摸起來很軟。我買了。（選自綏化中考）教材語境

Correct

the

spelling.

糾正拼寫。（教材P2）&4&

correct/k??rekt/

v.

改正；糾正

adj.

正確的；對的語境串記I'm

afraid

you

didn't

write

the

word

correctly.

You

have

to

correct

the

mistake

and

make

it

correct.

恐怕你沒有寫對這個單詞。你必須糾正錯誤，使它正確。&5&

spelling/?spelI?/

n.

拼寫&6&

作名詞，常用搭配：the

spelling

of

"……的拼寫"。Can

you

tell

me

the

spelling

of

the

word

"smile"？

你能告訴我"smile"這個單詞的拼寫嗎？&7&

spell

作動詞，意為"拼寫"。Can

you

spell

the

word

"smile"?你能拼寫"smile"這個單詞嗎？教材語境

Listen

and

check

the

words

you

hear.

聽錄音并勾出你所聽到的單詞。（教材P2）&8&

word（作可數(shù)名詞）/w??d/

n.

詞；單詞；字The

passage

is

a

little

long,

over

400

words.

這段文章有點長，有400多字。My

mother

was

angry,

and

she

went

out

without

a

word.我媽媽生氣了，她一句話也沒說就出去了。&9&

作可數(shù)名詞，還可意為"話語；言語；說的話"。教材語境

Practise

saying

the

words.

練習(xí)說這些單詞。（教材P2）&10&

practise/?pr?kt?s/

v.

練習(xí)&11&

&12&

作動詞，常見搭配：practise

doing

sth.練習(xí)做某事That

sounds

like

a

fun

way

to

practise

writing.

那聽起來像是一種有趣的練習(xí)寫作的方式。（選自貴陽中考）語境串記As

we

all

know,

practice

makes

perfect.

In

order

to

play

the

piano

better,

you

need

to

practise

playing

it

every

day.

眾所周知，熟能生巧。要把鋼琴彈得更好,你需要每天練習(xí)彈奏。典例1

(遂寧中考改編)用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。These

foreigners

are

practising

_________

（speak）

Chinese.speaking【解析】practise

doing

sth.

"練習(xí)做某事"，為固定搭配。故填speaking。教材語境

Match

the

words

with

their

meanings.

將單詞與它們的意思進行匹配。（教材P2）&13&

match/m?t?/

v.找到與……相配之物，使相配；使成對&14&

在此作動詞，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：match...with..."把……與……相配"。You'd

better

not

match

the

red

jacket

with

the

green

trousers.

你最好不要把紅夾克與綠褲子相配。&15&

作名詞，意為"比賽；火柴"。&16&

meaning/?mi?n??/

n.

意義；意思&17&

作名詞，常用搭配：the

meaning

of

"……的意義/意思"。A

character

stands

for

a

word

and

also

a

meaning.

一個字符代表一個字，也代表一個意思。（選自廣元中考）Finally

they

understood

the

meaning

of

life

after

the

accident

last

year.在去年的事故之后，他們終于明白了生命的意義。（選自遂寧中考）&18&

相關(guān)詞語：語境串記I

know

your

meaning.

You

mean

that

staying

at

home

all

day

long

is

meaningless

and

that

looking

for

a

job

is

meaningful.我懂你的意思。你的意思是整天待在家里毫無意義,找一份工作才有意義。教材語境

Complete

the

sentences

with

the

words

in

the

box.

用方框中的單詞完成句子。（教材P2）教材語境

look

up

查；查找（教材P2）&20&

look

up查；查找&21&

&22&

在此屬于"動詞+副詞"型短語。名詞作其賓語時，放在up前后均可；代詞作其賓語時，只能放在兩者之間。其賓語是要查找的對象，如word、phone

number等。Now,

many

students

don't

look

up

new

words

in

the

dictionary;

they

look

them

up

on

the

Internet.現(xiàn)在，很多學(xué)生不在詞典中查生詞，他們在網(wǎng)上查。&23&

也可意為"抬頭往上看"。The

girl

looked

up

when

I

sat

in

front

of

her.當(dāng)我坐在這個女孩面前的時候，她抬頭看了看。歸納總結(jié)

與look相關(guān)的常見短語還有：look

after

照顧

look

（a）round

環(huán)顧look

at

看；察看

look

for

尋找look

forward

to

盼望

look

over

仔細檢查look

through

瀏覽

look

into

朝里面看；調(diào)查考向點撥

up的含義；2.代詞作look

up的賓語時，要位于look與up之間。典例2

完成句子，每空一詞。(隨州中考改編)我能通過查字典找到生詞的意思。I

can

find

the

meaning

of

the

new

words

by

________

______

____

in

a

dictionary.lookingthemup【解析】look

up意為"查；查找"，new

words用代詞them替代，代詞作look

up的賓語時，放在兩者之間。介詞by后面的動詞要用動詞-ing形式，故填looking

them

up。教材語境

What

mistake

did

Lingling

make?

玲玲犯了什么錯誤？（教材P2）&24&

mistake/m??ste?k/

n.

錯誤；過錯&25&

在此作可數(shù)名詞。常用短語：make

a

mistake/make

mistakes

"犯錯誤",by

mistake"錯誤地，無意中"。The

key

to

success

is

to

learn

from

your

mistakes

and

never

give

up.

成功的關(guān)鍵在于從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，并且永不放棄。（選自煙臺中考）My

brother

was

quite

careless,

so

he

made

mistakes

in

spelling

in

the

exam.

我哥哥相當(dāng)

粗心,所以在考試中犯了拼寫錯誤。（選自龍東中考）Last

night,

a

gentleman

put

something

unexpected

into

my

hat

by

mistake.

昨晚，一位先生錯把意想不到的東西放進了我的帽子。（選自荊門中考）&26&

作動詞，意為"看錯；誤解"。mistake...for...把……錯當(dāng)成……They

often

mistake

Li

Ming

for

his

twin

brother.

他們經(jīng)常把李明錯當(dāng)成他的孿生哥哥。教材語境

Today，we're

going

to

talk

about

good

ways

to

learn

English.

今天,我們要討論學(xué)習(xí)英語的好方法。（教材P2）&27&

ways/a

way

to

do

&28&

為固定用法，其中to

do

，修飾ways/a

way；可用ways/a

way

of

doing

sth.替換。Do

you

know

a

good

way

to

practise（=a

good

way

of

practising）

speaking

English？

你知道練習(xí)說英語的好方法嗎？&29&

英語中，抽象名詞way（方法）、chance（機會）、ability

（能力）、courage（勇氣）等后經(jīng)常跟動詞不定式作定語，表示"做……的方法/機會/能力/勇氣等"。He

knows

not

everyone

has

a

chance

to

travel

into

space.

他知道并非每個人都有機會進入太空。（選自德陽中考）教材語境

Who

has

some

advice?

誰有一些建議呢？（教材P2）&30&

advice（不可數(shù)名詞）/?d?va?s/

n.

意見；建議&31&

語境串記I

asked

my

teacher

for

advice

about

how

to

learn

English.

He

gave

me

a

piece

of

advice：Practise

speaking

English

every

day.

I

took

his

advice.

我向老師征詢?nèi)绾螌W(xué)習(xí)英語的建議。他給了我一條建議：每天練習(xí)說英語。我采納了他的建議。advice"建議"，為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。suggestion"建議"，為可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是suggestions。The

expert

Zhong

Nanshan

gives

us

some

useful

advice（=suggestions）.專家鐘南山給了我們一些有用的建議。&32&

advice與suggestion典例3

(福建中考)—Betty,

you'd

betterfollow

the

doctor's

___

and

do

more

exercise.—I

will.

Thank

you.A

【解析】句意：——貝蒂，你最好聽從醫(yī)生的建議，多做運動。

——我會的。謝謝你。advice"建議"；agreement"同意"；information"信息"。follow

one's

advice"聽從某人的建議"為固定短語。故選A。教材語境

We

should

always

speak

English

in

class.

在課堂上我們應(yīng)該一直說英語。（教材P2）&33&

should（否定形式為shouldn't）/??d/

.

應(yīng)該&34&

作情態(tài)動詞,

其后接動詞原形,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。具體用法如下：表示建議或勸告Students

should

learn

more

about

how

to

protect

their

eyesight.

學(xué)生應(yīng)該了解更多保護他們視力的方法。（選自煙臺中考）Kids

shouldn't

swim

in

the

river

without

adults.

沒有成人（陪伴）的情況下小孩子不應(yīng)該在河里游泳。（選自百色中考）表示推測It's

4:30

now.

They

should

be

in

New

York.現(xiàn)在是四點半,

他們應(yīng)該在紐約了。表示義務(wù)Everyone

should

take

action

to

save

the

animals

in

great

danger.

每個人都應(yīng)該采取行動拯救處于極度危險中的動物。（選自貴港中考）典例4

(武威中考)We

___

try

our

best

to

fight

against

pollution.

C.mustn't

D.needn't【解析】句意：我們應(yīng)該竭盡全力與污染作斗爭。should"應(yīng)該"；may"也許，可能"；mustn't"禁止"；needn't"不需要"。此處表示義務(wù)，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞should（應(yīng)該）。故選A。A教材語境

Let's

try

to

speak

English

as

much

as

possible.

咱們盡可能多地說英語吧。（教材P2）&35&

as...as

possible盡可能……（相當(dāng)于as...as

one

can/could）&36&

該結(jié)構(gòu)中的兩個as之間的形容詞或副詞用原級,

其中possible作形容詞，意為"可能的"。My

grandpa

is

sleeping,

so

I

walk

as

quietly

aspossible.我爺爺正在睡覺，所以我盡可能輕聲地走路。&37&

possible的相關(guān)詞語：教材語境

Why

not

write

down

our

mistakes

in

our

notebooks?

為什么不把錯誤寫在筆記本上呢？（教材P2）&38&

Why

not

+動詞原形...?&39&

是提建議的句型,相當(dāng)于"Why

don't

you/we+動詞原形...?"。其答語常為"That's

a

good

idea."

或"Sounds

great/good."。—Why

not

go

out

for

a

picnic

this

Sunday?為什么這周日不出去野餐呢？—Sounds

great!聽起來不錯！（選自銅仁中考）&40&

"Why

not?"意為

"為什么不呢？"，表示欣然接受對方的提議或邀請?？枷螯c撥

not后接動詞原形；2."Why

not+動詞原形...?"和"Why

don't

you/we+動詞原形...?"進行同義轉(zhuǎn)換。典例5

按要求完成句子，每空一詞。(重慶中考B卷)Why

don't

you

watch

a

talk

show?（改為同義句）______

____

watch

a

talk

show?Whynot&41&

write

down

寫下；記下&42&

為"動詞+副詞"型短語。賓語若是名詞，放在down前后均可；賓語若是代詞，只能放在write和down之間。—Please

write

down

the

language

points（=write

the

language

points

down）

in

your

notebook.請把知識點寫在你的筆記本上。—OK.

I

will

write

them

down.好的。我會記下它們的。&43&

常見的"動詞+down"型短語：put

down

放下；寫下

take

down寫下，記錄break

down

出故障

count

down

倒計時calm

down（使）平靜，鎮(zhèn)靜turn

down

把……調(diào)低；拒絕教材語境

And

don't

forget

to

write

down

the

correct

answers

next

to

the

mistakes.

別忘了把正確答案寫在錯誤旁邊。（教材P2）&44&

forget（過去式：forgot）/f??ɡet/

v.

忘；忘記forget

to

do

sth.忘記做某事（沒有做）My

father

forgot

to

feed.

.the

pet

dog,so

it

was

still

hungry.我爸爸忘記喂寵物狗了，所以它還餓著。forget

doing

sth.忘記做過某事（已經(jīng)做了）My

father

forgot

feeding

the

pet

dog,

and

he

fed

it

again.我爸爸忘記喂過寵物狗了，又喂了它一次。&45&

forget

to

do

doing

sth.典例6

(貴港中考)—Amy,

don't

forget

___

your

mask（口罩）

when

you

go

out.—Don't

worry,

Mom.

I

will.C

wear

【解析】句意：——埃米，你出去的時候別忘了戴口罩。——別擔(dān)心，媽媽。我會的。forget

to

do

sth.意為"忘記做某事（沒有做）"；forget

doing

sth.意為"忘記做過某事（已經(jīng)做了）"。根據(jù)語境可知選C。教材語境

It

（形式主語）'s

a

good

idea（表語）to

spell

and

pronounce

new

words

aloud

every

day.（真正的主語

）

每天大聲拼讀生詞是一個好主意。（教材P2）&46&

It's

+n./adj.+

to

do

sth.&47

意為"做某事是……（的）"，其中It是形式主語，真正的主語是to

do

sth.（常考點）。

It's

a

good

habit

to

take

a

walk

after

supper.

晚飯后散步是個好習(xí)慣。

It's

right

to

help

people

in

trouble.

幫助處于困境中的人是對的。典例7

用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(南京中考)It's

popular

_______（hire）

a

boat

and

row

on

the

Xuanwu

Lake.to

hire&48&

pronounce（名詞形式為pronunciation"發(fā)音；讀音"）

/pr??na?ns/v.

發(fā)……的音—Do

you

know

the

pronunciation

of

the

letter

"f"?

你知道字母"f"的發(fā)音嗎？—Yes.

It

pronounces

"/ef/".

是的。它發(fā)"/ef/"的音。語境串記The

word

"record"

has

two

pronunciations.

Can

you

pronounce

it

correctly?

"record"這個單詞有兩種發(fā)音，你能讀對嗎？典例8

用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(昆明中考)I

was

afraid

to

ask

questions

because

of

my

poor

_____________（pronounce）.pronunciation【解析】句意：由于我糟糕的發(fā)音，我害怕問問題?？涨暗男稳菰~poor提示此處要用所給動詞的名詞形式。故填pronunciation。&49&

aloud/??la?d/

adv.

大聲地；出聲地&50&

為副詞，通常與laugh、cry、say、read等動詞連用。The

pain

made

her

cry

aloud.她痛得叫起來。My

grandfather

likes

reading

newspapers

aloud.我爺爺喜歡朗讀報紙。&51&

loudly作副詞，意為"響亮地；大聲地"，含有"喧鬧"的意味（用法詳見Module

3）。Don't

speak

loudly

in

public

places.

不要在公共場所大聲喧嘩。教材語境

How

about

listening

to

the

radio？聽廣播怎么樣呢？（教材P2）&52&

How

about...？（相當(dāng)于"What

about…?"）……怎么樣？&53&

在此用來向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh。其中about作介詞，其后常接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing作賓語。How

about

another

piece

of

cake?

再吃塊蛋糕怎么樣？特別提醒"How

about...?"的常見答語有:

Sounds

good.

/

It's

a

good

idea./

Great./

Sounds

like

fun./I'm

afraid

I

can't...—How

about

going

shopping

with

me?

和我一起去購物怎么樣？—Sounds

good.

聽起來不錯。用來征求對方的看法或意見How

about

the

TV

play?

那部電視劇怎么樣？用來詢問信息或引出話題I

am

from

Beijing.

How

about

you?

我來自北京，你呢？&54&

"How

about...?"的其他常見用法：典例9

(無錫中考)—How

about

going

to

the

library

this

afternoon?—___

Reading

is

my

therapy（療法）.DA.Are

you

kidding?

B.You

got

me

there.C.Don't

you

know?

D.You

read

my

mind.【解析】A項意為"你在開玩笑吧"；B項意為"你難住我了"；C項意為"難道你不知道"；D項意為"你知我心"。上句是在提出建議，結(jié)合"Reading

is

my

therapy（療法）"（閱讀是我的治療方法）可知，此處表示贊同。故選D。教材語境

You

don't

need

to

understand

every

word.

你們不需要明白每個單詞（的意思）。（教材P2）&55&

need

v.

需要&56&

在此作實義動詞。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：need

need

to

do

（sth.）

need（s）

doing（某事/物）需要被做The

flowers

need

wateringand

you

need

to

water

them

every

day.

這些花需要澆水，并且你需要每天給它們澆水。&57&

還可作情態(tài)動詞，多用于疑問句和否定句中。Need

they

do

their

homework

right

now?

In

my

opinion,

they

needn't

do

it

at

once.他們需要馬上做作業(yè)嗎？依我看，他們不必馬上做。&58&

understand

（過去式：understood）/??nd??st?nd/

v.

理解；明白&59&

可作及物動詞或不及物動詞。If

you

can't

understand

a

new

word,

you

can

look

it

up

in

a

dictionary.

如果你不能理解一個生詞的意思，你可以在詞典中查。（選自自貢中考）（作及物動詞）Sorry,I

don't

understand.

Can

you

explain

that

again?對不起，我不明白。

你能再解釋一遍嗎？（作不及物動詞）&60&

口語中表示"理解，明白"還可用以下表達方式：That's

what

I

want

to

say.

Are

you

clear?

那就是我想說的。你們明白了嗎？Can

you

catch

the

meaning

of

the

sentence?

你能領(lǐng)會這個句子的意思嗎？教材語境

You

just

need

to

listen

for

key

words

and

main

ideas.

你們只需要留心聽關(guān)鍵詞和主要意思。（教材P2）&61&

key

/ki?/

adj.

關(guān)鍵性的，非常重要的Chen

Wei

is

also

one

of

the

key

leaders

in

China's

Ebola

vaccine

research.陳薇也是中國埃博拉疫苗研究的重要領(lǐng)軍人物之一。（改編自玉林中考）&62&

（1）還可作名詞，表示"關(guān)鍵，要訣"，the

key

to..."……的關(guān)鍵"。The

key

to

happiness

is

making

others

happy.快樂的關(guān)鍵是讓別人快樂。（選自寧波中考）（2）作名詞，還可表示"鑰匙；（打字機等的）鍵"。I

wonder

if

it

is

the

key

to

the

garden.

我想知道它是不是花園的鑰匙。（選自連云港中考）You

can

type

with

the

keys

on

the

keyboard.

你可以用鍵盤上的鍵打字。&63&

main

（副詞