中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)資料語法筆記Chapter 3 被動語態(tài)（含解析）

資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】chapter3被動語態(tài)筆記PassiveVoice·模塊一需要使用被動語態(tài)的情況·模塊二各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)·模塊三主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換·模塊四雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動轉(zhuǎn)換·模塊五不能使用被動語態(tài)的詞和詞組·模塊六常見主動語態(tài)表被動的詞和詞組·模塊七havesth.done的雙重含義模塊一模塊一需要使用被動語態(tài)的情況不知道或不必提及動作的執(zhí)行者Thisbridgewasbuiltin1700.這座橋建于1700年。強調(diào)動作的承受者Frankwashitbyacar.弗蘭克被車撞了。說話者希望所說的內(nèi)容更加客觀，避免就自己不太肯定的事表態(tài)ItissaidthatJapan’sindustrialprogressafterthewarwasveryremarkable.據(jù)說戰(zhàn)后日本的工業(yè)進步非常顯著。模塊二模塊二各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：bedone請完成表格：（以do為例）一般進行完成現(xiàn)在am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendone過去was/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone將來willbedoneam/is/aregoingtobedonewillhavebeendone過去將來wouldbedonewas/weregoingtobedonewouldhavebeendone?Attention?含情態(tài)動詞的被動式：can/may/must+be+done芝士蛋糕必須得趁冷吃。Cheesecakemustbeservedcold.★小試身手★請用下面括號內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Aspeechwillbegiven/wasgiven(give)thisafternoon.Theclassroomiscleaned(clean)everyday.Someeffectivemeasureshavebeentaken(take)sincelastyear.Mymother’sfavoritevasewasbroken(break)yesterday.Thebookhadbeenread(read)fourtimesbytheendoflastsemester.Anamusementparkisbeingbuilt(build)inourcitynow.Thetechniciantoldmethatmywatchwouldberepaired(repair)in1hour.Theproblemwasbeingdiscussed(discuss)thistimeyesterday.Hesaidthathehadbeeninvited/wouldbeinvited(invite)totheparty.Thousandsoftreeswillhavebeenplanted(plant)inthisareabytheendofthisyear.Theclothesmaybedelivered(deliver)tothepoorareanextmonth.模塊三模塊三主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換陳述句改為被動句Step1:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語Step2:動詞結(jié)構(gòu)作相應(yīng)變化（be+過去分詞）Step3:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）Step4:其他照抄Hewasmakingamodelplane.Amodelplanewasbeingmade(byhim).一般疑問句改為被動句Step1:be動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞放句首Step2:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語Step3:被動結(jié)構(gòu)的其他成分Step4:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）Step5:其他照抄DidMike’steachergivemuchhomeworkyesterday?WasmuchhomeworkgivenbyMike’steacheryesterday?特殊疑問句改為被動句Step1:特殊疑問詞不變Step2:be動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞提前Step3:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語（主動語態(tài)特殊疑問詞作賓語則這步省略）Step4:被動結(jié)構(gòu)的其他成分Step5:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）Step6:其他照抄WhenwillJackfinishhishomework?WhenwillJack’shomeworkbefinishedbyhim?WhatdidLinda’sfathermendlastnight?WhatwasmendedbyLinda’sfatherlastnight?★小試身手★請把下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳洌篒wassurepeoplewouldpunishhim.Iwassurehewouldbepunishedbyme.Theymayopenanewschoolnextyear.Anewschoolmaybeopenednextyearbythem.Cantheboypickupheavyweights?Canheavyweightsbepickedupbytheboy?Willyourmotherkissyouonyourweddingdaynextweek?Willyoubekissedbyyourmotheronyourweddingdaynextweek?模塊四模塊四雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動轉(zhuǎn)換雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換原則Hegaveherarose.=Hegavearosetoher.Arosewasgiventoher.(物做主語有介詞)Shewasgivenarose.(人做主語無介詞)★小試身手★請改寫下列句子，保持句意不變：MyfatherboughtmeaMiniCooper.物做主語：AMiniCooperwasboughtformebymymother.人做主語：IwasboughtaMiniCooperbymymother.Thewaiterhasnotbroughtusthecoffee.物做主語：Thecoffeehasn'tbeenbroughttousbythewaiter.人做主語：Wehaven'tbeenbroughtthecoffeebythewaiter.?Attention?以下動詞與介詞to搭配award,bring,give,hand,leave,lend,mail,play,post,promise,pass,read,return,recommend（推薦）,sell,send,serve（招待）,show,sing,take,teach,tell,throw,write以下動詞與介詞for搭配boil,book,bring,build,buy,call,catch,change,choose,cook,cut,do,draw,fetch,find,fix,gather,get,keep,leave,make,order,pick,prepare,reserve（預(yù)留）,sing,save★小試身手★請用括號里的詞翻譯句子：這個房間是為史密斯一家預(yù)定的。(reserve)ThisroomisreservedfortheSmiths.你不要指望任何人能為了你而變化。(change)Nooneisexpectedtochangeforyou.模塊五模塊五不能使用被動語態(tài)的詞和詞組不及物動詞及短語出現(xiàn)appear死die消失disappear躺lie升起rise同意agree屬于belongto爆發(fā)breakout由…組成consistof趕上keepupwith發(fā)生happentakeplaceoccur靜態(tài)動詞變成become有益于benefit等于equal失敗fail包含contain缺少lack持續(xù)last意味著mean值…錢cost適合suitfit模塊六模塊六常見主動語態(tài)表被動的詞和詞組常見系動詞：smell,sound,taste,feel,look,seem,appear,prove井水嘗起來好甜。Thewellwatertastessweet.這塊絲綢布料摸起來很光滑。Thissilkfeelsverysmooth.一些動詞在主動表示被動時，通常和well等副詞連用，這些動詞有：clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride+well這支筆很好寫。Thispenwriteswell.這幅眼鏡戴起來很舒服。Thispairofglasseswearscomfortably.用動名詞的主動形式來代替被動，這類動詞主要有：want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/need/requiretobedone孩子們需要照看。Thechildrenneedlookingafter.你值得擁有這些獎勵。Youdeserveowningtheseprizes.beworthdoingsth.某事值得做Anythingworthdoingisworthdoingwell.值得做的事就值得做好。be+adj.+todo當(dāng)這個句型的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語時，我們一般用主動表被動。Englishishardtolearn.（English是tolearn的邏輯賓語，所以不用被動。）這本書很難跟上。(follow)Thebookishardtofollow.他說的話很容易理解。(Whathesaid)Whathesaidiseasytounderstand.模塊七模塊七havesth.done的雙重含義某事被別人完成你多久剪一次頭發(fā)？Howoftendoyouhaveyourhaircut?某人的一種經(jīng)歷我昨晚把手臂摔斷了。Ihadmyarmbrokenyesterday.★真題綜合試煉★1．（2023·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Who’sthelittlegirlinthephoto?—It’sme.Thephoto________whenIwasfiveyearsold.A．took B．wastaken C．istaken2．（2022·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）It’ssaidthatthekite_______inChinaover2000yearsago.A．invents B．invented C．wasinvented D．isinvented3．（2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Agreatnumberofbeautifulflowers________onthesecondringroadinChengduthesedays.A．plant B．a(chǎn)replanted C．a(chǎn)replanting4．（2023·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThepandaYaYa________backtoChinaonApril27th,2023.A．isbrought B．wasbrought C．willbebrought5．（2023·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—WhydotheelephantsinThailandhaveto________?—Becausehumanstherecatchthemfortheirivorytomakemoney.A．protect B．beprotected C．a(chǎn)reprotected6．（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thestudents________howtodoeyeexercisesjustnow.A．wastaught B．weretaught C．taught7．（2023·湖南株洲·統(tǒng)考中考真題）PandaYaYa________backtoBeijingaboutthreeweeksago.A．wasbrought B．isbrought C．brought8．（2023·湖南懷化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thecake______bythehungrystudentsquicklyyesterday.A．eats B．iseaten C．waseaten9．（2022·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—DoChinesepeoplelikeping-pongalot?—Yes.It_______bypeopleofallages.A．plays B．isplayed C．played D．wasplayed10．（2023·北京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A．a(chǎn)replanted B．wereplanted C．plant D．planted11．（2022·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）LiYan________tothewelcomepartyyesterday.A．invites B．isinvited C．wasinvited D．willinvite12．（2022·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Doyouthinkjuniorhighschoolstudents________togettheirearspierced?—No,Idon’tthinkso.Itisagainsttheschoolrules.A．shouldallow B．a(chǎn)llow C．haveallowed D．shouldbeallowed13．（2022·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）SpudWebb________atfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthedidn’tloseheart.A．refuses B．refused C．wasrefused D．willberefused14．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）Thesecond“TiangongLecture”kickedoff!BingDwenDwen________ateachingtool!A．isusedfor B．wasusedfor C．isusedas D．wasusedas15．（2022·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）OurschoolheldthegraduationceremonylastFriday.Alltheparents________tocheerusup.A．a(chǎn)reinvited B．wereinvited C．willbeinvited16．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Whatamess!Thesharingbikes________everywhere.—Let’scollectandputthemintherightplacesothattheycanbeusedconveniently.A．throw B．threw C．isthrown D．a(chǎn)rethrown17．（2023·四川達州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Wouldyoumindtellingmeifhe________themeetingintwodays?—Hewon’t,unlesshe________.A．willattend,isinvited B．a(chǎn)ttends,willbeinvited C．willattend,invites18．（2023·四川涼山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—We’resoproudthatChinaisgettingstrongerandstronger.—Yes.Asyoucansee,Chinese________bymoreandmoreforeigners.A．learns B．islearned C．waslearned19．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Teaisverypopularintheworld.It________inmanydifferentareasinChinanow.A．produces B．produced C．isproduced D．wasproduced20．（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A．plant B．willplant C．a(chǎn)replanted D．willbeplanted21．（2023·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Manytreesandflowers________everyyeartomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.A．plant B．a(chǎn)replanted C．wereplanted22．（2023·福建·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Moderntechnologies________inthe19AsianGamesinSeptember,2023.A．wereused B．a(chǎn)reusing C．willbeused23．（2023·湖北孝感·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—HaveyouheardoftheUNChineseLanguageDay?—Ofcourse.Chinese________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldnowadays.A．spoke B．isspoken C．speaks D．wasspoken24．（2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Manyresearchlabs________inthefuturetodevelopscienceandtechnologyinChina.A．a(chǎn)rebuilding B．willbebuilt C．werebuilt25．（2023·湖北鄂州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.A．speak B．isspoken C．isspeaking D．speaks26．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Theenvironmentofthistownisbetternow.—That’sbecauselotsoftrees________heremanyyearsago.A．a(chǎn)replanted B．wereplanted C．willbeplanted27．（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）—Students________afewopenquestionsinMs.Li’sclass,didyounoticethat?—Yes,Ithinkshewantedtotraintheirabilityofcreativethinking.A．a(chǎn)reasked B．wereaskedC．willbeasked D．shouldbeasked28．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The19thAsianGames________inHangzhoufromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.A．washeld B．willhold C．willbeheld29．（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Canhegetthefirstprizeintherace?—He________so,buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.A．willexpecttodo B．isexpecteddoingC．hasexpecteddoing D．wasexpectedtodo30．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuycomicbooks.A．use B．isused C．used D．wasused參考答案：1．B【詳解】句意：——照片里的小女孩是誰？——是我。這張照片是我五歲時拍的?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語“Thephoto”與動詞take之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“whenIwasfiveyearsold.”可知，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為was/weredone，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞用was，故選B。2．C【詳解】句意：據(jù)說風(fēng)箏是2000多年前在中國發(fā)明的。考查被動語態(tài)。分析句子可知kite和動詞invent之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“over2000yearsago.”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選C。3．B【詳解】句意：這些天，成都的二環(huán)路上種了許多美麗的花?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語和動詞plant之間是被動關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)：bedone。故選B。4．B【詳解】句意：大熊貓丫丫于2023年4月27日被帶回中國?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。本句主語是動作的承受者，結(jié)合時間狀語“onApril27th,2023”可知，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。5．B【詳解】句意：——為什么泰國的大象必須受到保護？——因為那里的人類為了賺錢而抓大象取象牙?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。elephants和protect之間是被動關(guān)系，此處用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)havetobedone。故選B。6．B【詳解】句意：剛才教學(xué)生們?nèi)绾巫鲅郾＝〔?。考查被動語態(tài)。主語Thestudents和謂語teach之間是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)“justnow”可知此處用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was/weredone，主語是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用were。故選B。7．A【詳解】句意：熊貓丫丫大約三周前被帶回北京?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語“PandaYaYa”與動詞bring是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“threeweeksago”可知，此處用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選A。8．C【詳解】句意：昨天，那個蛋糕被饑餓的學(xué)生們很快吃完了?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“yesterday”可知句子應(yīng)用一般過去時，主語Thecake與動詞eat存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，因此句子應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為：was/were+過去分詞。故選C。9．B【詳解】句意：——中國人很喜歡乒乓球嗎？——是的。各個年齡段的人都打乒乓球。考查時態(tài)與語態(tài)。主語“It”指代乒乓球，與動詞play之間是動賓關(guān)系，結(jié)合“DoChinesepeoplelikeping-pongalot?”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/aredone。故選B。10．A【詳解】句意：這個公園變得越來越美麗因為每年都有更多種花被種?？疾闀r態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語“morekindsofflowers”與動詞plant之間是動賓關(guān)系，結(jié)合“everyyear”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/aredone。故選A。11．C【詳解】句意：李燕被邀請參加昨天的歡迎會?？疾橐话氵^去時被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)yesterday可知，此句是一般過去時，主語LiYan與動詞invite之間是被動語態(tài)，故此處用一般過去時被動語態(tài)was/weredone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。12．D【詳解】句意：——你認為初中學(xué)生應(yīng)該被允許打耳洞嗎？——不，我不這么認為。這是違反校規(guī)的?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語students和動詞allow之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，故選D。13．C【詳解】句意：斯普德·韋伯最初因為身高而被拒絕，但他沒有灰心?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語SpudWebb與動詞refuse之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，即他被拒絕，故為被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合“buthedidn’tloseheart.”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，故為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是was/weredone。故選C。14．D【詳解】句意：第二屆“天宮講座”拉開帷幕！冰墩墩被用作教學(xué)工具！考查動詞短語和時態(tài)。beusedfor被用于做某事，表示用途；beusedas被用作……，表示身份或工具。根據(jù)“kicked”可知時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，排除A，C；結(jié)合“BingDwenDwen...ateachingtool!”可知，冰墩墩被當(dāng)作教學(xué)工具使用，故選D。15．B【詳解】句意：我們學(xué)校上周五舉行了畢業(yè)典禮。所有的家長都被邀請來給我們打氣?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“l(fā)astFriday”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，主語是動作的承受者，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。16．D【詳解】句意：——真是一團糟！共享單車隨處可見。——讓我們把它們收集起來，放在合適的地方，以便方便使用。考查被動語態(tài)。句子主語與動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，be動詞用are，故選D。17．A【詳解】句意：——你介意告訴我他兩天后是否會參加會議嗎？——除非有人邀請，否則他不會參加的?？疾闀r態(tài)和語態(tài)。第一處if表示“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，結(jié)合“intwodays”可知，用一般將來時“willdo”，排除B；分析“Hewon’t,unlesshe...”可知，該句是以unless引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，時態(tài)遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”，從句主語he是動作的承受者，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)“isdone”，故選A。18．B【詳解】句意：——我們?yōu)橹袊絹碓綇姶蟾械津湴??！堑摹Ｕ缒闼吹降?，越來越多的外國人學(xué)習(xí)漢語?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語Chinese和動詞learn之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合語境可知現(xiàn)在漢語被越來越多的外國人學(xué)習(xí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故選B。19．C【詳解】句意：茶在世界上很受歡迎?，F(xiàn)在中國許多不同的地區(qū)都產(chǎn)茶?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。根據(jù)now可知，此句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語It與動詞produce之間是被動關(guān)系，所以此處用一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)am/is/aredone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。20．D【詳解】句意：為了使環(huán)境更好，明年將種植更多的樹?？疾橐话銓頃r被動語態(tài)。主語moretrees與動詞plant之間被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合nextyear可知，此處用一般將來時被動語態(tài)willbedone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。21．B【詳解】句意：每年種植許多樹木和鮮花，使我們的環(huán)境更加美麗。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。本句主語是動作的承受者，結(jié)合時間狀語“everyyear”可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。22．C【詳解】句意：現(xiàn)代技術(shù)將在2023年9月舉行的第19屆亞運會