新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 開卷有益 源自高考真題中的語言現(xiàn)象（含解析）-人教版高三英語試題

開卷有益編者按：高考真題中約85%的語篇選自國外主流英文報刊、雜志、書籍或網(wǎng)站，語言原汁原味，選材具有真實性、鮮活性和時效性，很多地地道道的英文表達(dá)是中國學(xué)生從沒有接觸過的，因此在很大程度上增加了試題的難度。建議同學(xué)們平時多閱讀近幾年高考真題中的文本素材，用心學(xué)習(xí)和體會真實的英語文章的文風(fēng)和表達(dá)方式，相信這樣做能使同學(xué)們快速適應(yīng)并習(xí)慣高考選文的語言特征，從而高效地提高英語閱讀理解能力。1．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·完形填空)Ishouldjustacceptrepeatedlyhavingtosay,“No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow.”[要點提煉]acceptdoingsth.[接受做某事]2．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·語法填空)Theyrepresenttheearthcomingbacktolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginings.[要點提煉]represent＋n.＋doing[代表……做……]3．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·語法填空)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftcloudssurroundingthemountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.[要點提煉]bereducedto[陷入；處于……狀態(tài)]4．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.[要點提煉]suspectsb.of[懷疑某人……]5．(2020·江蘇卷·閱讀B)LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.[要點提煉]advocatedoingsth.[主張做某事]使用括號內(nèi)的單詞完成句子1.(2019·北京卷·閱讀A)Allourprojectsaimtopromote(力求促進(jìn))thedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.(aim)2．(2019·天津卷·閱讀B)SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading(假裝正在閱讀)．(pretend)3．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ·語法填空)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrow(鼓勵農(nóng)民種植)corninsteadofricetoimprovewaterquality.(encourage)4．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀B)Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown(阻止它們變成褐色)．(prevent)5．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ·語法填空)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyinto(避免直視)hiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.(avoid)1．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspringisErnestHemingway'sAMoveableFeast.[要點提煉]taketo[開始喜歡；養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣]2．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀七選五)Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?[要點提煉]getcaughtupin[糾結(jié)于]3．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀C)Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.[要點提煉]keep...incheck[控制……；抑制……]4．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀C)DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.[要點提煉]comearoundto[轉(zhuǎn)變到(另一個觀點)]5．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀D)Whileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties,IlivedoutadventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.[要點提煉]liveout[體驗；經(jīng)歷]；checkout[(從圖書館)借閱]6．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀C)Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”[要點提煉]cutin[插話]7．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·完形填空)Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection,customerscanalsodriveyoumad.[要點提煉]feelaffectionfor[喜歡；喜愛]8．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·完形填空)Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflatbyherself,andsinceshe'dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(應(yīng)對),she'dtakenitoutonotherpeople.[要點提煉]splitup[分手]；takeitouton[遷怒于；拿……出氣]9．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.[要點提煉](be)attractedto[喜歡]10．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.[要點提煉]pickup[無意中學(xué)會]；astringof[一連串的]11．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.[要點提煉]contraryto[與……相反]12．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.[要點提煉]helponeselfto[自用；隨意吃]13．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.[要點提煉]holdback[抑制；控制]14．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·讀后續(xù)寫)Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.[要點提煉]makeendsmeet[使收支平衡]15．(2020·天津卷·完形填空)Theideaiscatchingonquickly.[要點提煉]catchon[流行起來]完成句子1.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwith(想出)alow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaround(克服)thisproblem:asmartkeyboard.2．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀C)Inaddition(另外),mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealto(對……有吸引力)amassaudience.3．(2019·天津卷·閱讀B)Byopeninganovel,Icanleavebehind(把……拋在后邊)myburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.4．(2019·浙江卷·完形填空)Forlegalreasons,mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainstgivingaway(贈送)foodwaste.5．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀C)“Ireflecton(反思)howmyday'sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek，”hesaid.6．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀D)ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback(袖手旁觀)．1．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.[句型提煉]fourtimestheirbodyweight和1.4timestheirbodyweight均為倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：倍數(shù)＋n.。2．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·完形填空)ButthebottomlineisthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.[句型提煉]thebottomlineisthat...為固定句型，意為“最關(guān)鍵的是……”。3．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·完形填空)Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon'thesitatetoopenthemandwalkthrough.[句型提煉]whethertheybe中去掉whether應(yīng)改為倒裝bethey，意為“無論……”。4．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀七選五)Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.[句型提煉]thisissothat...為固定句型，意為“這是為了……”，其中sothat引導(dǎo)表語從句。5．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·語法填空)Historicalaccuracyisimportantbutsoisentertainment.[句型提煉]so開頭引起的倒裝，意為“……也是這樣”。完成句子1.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀七選五)Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.只有那時你才應(yīng)該設(shè)定你的目標(biāo)。2．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·語法填空)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere．在我們回家的路上，雨下得很大以至于我們禁不住想知道我們到那里需要花費多少時間。3．(2019·浙江卷·完形填空)Usually,thestrangertheideais,themoreitgetsnoticed.通常，觀點越奇怪，受到的關(guān)注就越多。4．(2019·天津卷·完形填空)NosoonerdidsheleavemydoorstepthanIhademailsfromtwowomenwhosekidsgotomyson'snursery.她剛一離開我家門我就收到了兩個女人的郵件，她們的孩子與我兒子上同一個幼兒園。5．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.但是無論他們多么富裕，道森從未感到舒適。6．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀C)Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建議)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.當(dāng)談及技術(shù)和閱讀時，這份報告幾乎沒有建議父母去了解電子讀物和平板電腦對閱讀的影響。1．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)There'sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship .[令人愉悅的]2．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Racewalkersareconditionedathletes .[身體素質(zhì)突出的；體能好的]3．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays .[沖擊]4．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport .[選擇]5．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch .[研究對象]6．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday.[改變……的基因(或遺傳)結(jié)構(gòu)]7．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀A)Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk .[著名的]8．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀C)Hesaysit'snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit .[環(huán)保的]9．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·完形填空)NicoloandanotherbidderbattleduntilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32 .[競爭；競價]10．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheSates .[電影作品]11．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀C)“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingatahouse，”saysKathrynWhitehead .[提出(想法)]12．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀D)TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinthehundredsofthousandsinIndonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines .[總計]13．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀D)“Itseemedliketheperfectchancefornaturalselectiontoactonapopulation，”saidDr.Ilardo .[種群；族群]14．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀七選五)Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores .[預(yù)定]15．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·語法填空)Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue .[色度]16．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀A)Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight .[提名獎]17．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing .[促進(jìn)]18．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes .[支付]19．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors .[名次；等級]20．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach .[確定；毫無疑問]21．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀七選五)Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip .[差錯；疏漏]22．(2020·浙江卷·閱讀B)Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed .[處理，應(yīng)對]23．(2020·浙江卷·閱讀七選五)Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren'sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters .[升級]24．(2020·天津卷·閱讀B)BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofapologyinhisvoice .[少許]25．(2020·天津卷·閱讀D)Together,thesedeephumanurges(驅(qū)策力)countformuchmorethanambition .[有重要意義]寫出下列黑體部分的含義1.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀七選五)Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD． 使變老，使老化2．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ·完形填空)IcounttwelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand. 色度3．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀C)Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder. 消遣，解脫4．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)...withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaestheticsonWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies. 刺激；加強(qiáng)5．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences. 創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的6．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀七選五)Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent. 抨擊7．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀D)...theywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination. 數(shù)值8．(2019·浙江卷·閱讀C)Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46，000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds. 寬9．(2019·浙江卷·閱讀七選五)TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland. 界，領(lǐng)域10．(2018·全國卷I·閱讀B)Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget. 專題節(jié)目11．(2018·全國卷I·閱讀七選五)Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint. 處理12．(2018·全國卷I·完形填空)Oneverysinglemoveyouhavetoanalyzeasituation,processwhatyouropponentisdoingandevaluatethebestmovefromamongallyouroptions. (象棋)一步(棋)，一著(棋)，走棋13．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀D)Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits. 習(xí)慣，慣例14．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ·語法填空)Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme. 猛沖15．(2018·北京卷·閱讀C)14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs. 質(zhì)量16．(2018·浙江卷·閱讀A)It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife. 行業(yè)，社會階層17．(2018·浙江卷·閱讀C)Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower. 強(qiáng)國18．(2018·江蘇卷·閱讀C)WithanewfarmbilltobedebatedinCongress,consumersmusttakeastandwithyoungfarmers. 立場；見解19．(2018·浙江卷·完形填空)Hesaidthatifhequitthejob,hewouldlosehisdrivetoworkandsucceed. 欲望，動力20．(2017·天津卷·完形填空)IsentletterstoeveryoneIknew,tellingthemaboutmyproject.Itworkedperfectly.Donationsbeganfloodinginfromhundredsofpeople. 大量涌入1．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)It'strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.[譯文]這是真的，我年紀(jì)越大，越覺得時光飛逝。2．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)Eachhastopulltheirownweight.[譯文]每個人都必須做好他們的分內(nèi)事。3．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.[譯文]另一本是安妮·狄勒德的《神圣的堅實》，她的富有詩意的1975隨筆只是些生活瑣事。4．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.[譯文]最好的書就是數(shù)年以后還想重讀的書。5．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.[譯文]該團(tuán)隊希望未來能開發(fā)出一種新技術(shù)，此技術(shù)可以一次性噴灑到植物的葉子上，以延長該植物的壽命。6．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀七選五)Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.[譯文]開始訓(xùn)練你的大腦先看到優(yōu)點，再看到缺點。7．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀B)Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirabilitytorotate(旋轉(zhuǎn))andtranslateshapes.[譯文]玩猜謎的孩子比不玩猜謎的孩子在執(zhí)行任務(wù)時做得更好，這些任務(wù)能評估他們旋轉(zhuǎn)和平移拼塊的能力。8．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀C)Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn'tcrossyourmind.[譯文]當(dāng)你想在你的假期單子上弄清環(huán)保主義者買什么時，很可能皮衣不會在你的腦海中閃現(xiàn)。9．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀D)Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.IhaveforaslongasIcanremember.[譯文]圖書館在我的心中有著特殊的位置，我從記事起心中就擁有這個位置。10．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀D)Storieswerelikeairtome...[譯文]故事對我來說是必不可少的……11．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀D)Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.[譯文]對我來說坐上車去當(dāng)?shù)貓D書館非常重要，在那里我的孩子們能夠選出要讀的書或者他們想讓我讀給他們聽的書。12．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀七選五)Inanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommunicationstylecanbeachallenge.[譯文]在任何特定的辦公室，雇員們年齡范圍從22至70或者超過70，而且找出他們在交流方式上的共性可能是非常困難的。13．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·語法填空)Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.[譯文]他們象征著春天的到來和生活的復(fù)蘇。14．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)Buttheyweren'ttheretothrowredpaintonfur-coat-wearingfilmstars.[譯文]但是他們在那里并不是抗議那些穿皮草的影星。15．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)Yet“Apes”ismoreexceptionthantherule.[譯文]然而，“類人猿”是一種特例。16．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.[譯文]事實上，最近好萊塢熱衷于使用活動物。17．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀七選五)Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.[譯文]買房或搬進(jìn)新房的人就是舉辦這次聚會的人。18．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·完形填空)Maybeshe'shadarowwithherhusband.Maybeherchild'snotwell.[譯文]或許她與丈夫吵了架，或許她的孩子身體狀況不佳。19．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·完形填空)Alwayswateritdownanddon'tletyourego(自我)getintheway.[譯文]總是要緩解它，不讓你的自我產(chǎn)生阻擋。20．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.[譯文]七個月之后他離開了，身體垮了，精神失常了。21．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.[譯文]在自然狀態(tài)下，演員重105磅，但是在剩余的另一半實驗環(huán)節(jié)中，她穿著特別設(shè)計的肥大的服裝，這使她的體重增到了180磅。22．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.[譯文]參與者照著做，比他們平常吃的東西要多。23．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·讀后續(xù)寫)Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.[譯文]其他孩子也跳起來全神貫注地(聆聽)。24．(2020·浙江卷·閱讀C)Researchers...assessedthevolunteers'memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.[譯文]研究者……通過一連串的測試評估了志愿者的記憶力和思維技能。25．(2020·浙江卷·閱讀C)Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants'overallhealthstatus.[譯文]甚至在科學(xué)家解釋參與者的總體健康狀況時，這些結(jié)果也是有效的。翻譯句中黑體詞部分1．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀B)Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore.[譯文]與如釋重負(fù)相伴的是一種深刻理解：為什么這些人仍繼續(xù)回來做更多的志愿服務(wù)。2．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀B)Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI'dfreelyliketoadmit.[譯文]從這個意義上來說，我敢肯定志愿服務(wù)是一種更自私的行為，雖然我不愿意承認(rèn)這一點。3．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀C)Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.[譯文]需要一些年輕而勇敢的商人把大眾化報紙繼續(xù)辦下去。4．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀D)Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.[譯文]猴子似乎善于數(shù)字計算。5．(2019·北京卷·語法填空)Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.[譯文]上一年級的第一天，我站在門口，心中發(fā)慌。6．(2019·北京卷·閱讀B)Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.[譯文]然后莫爾利用自己的積蓄使她的公司順利開張。7．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀A)Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear![譯文]趁門票未售罄，櫻花正盛，趕緊預(yù)定景點門票吧！8．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀七選五)Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime.[譯文]因此把上述問題弄確切是值得的，因為你想第一次做時就把它弄對。9．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ·完形填空)Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmyroleasajournalist.[譯文]今天對于作為新聞記者的我來說，這些話聽起來仍然有道理。10．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀七選五)Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.[譯文]晨練除了對身體健康有益之外，還能給我們提供額外的好處。11．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀七選五)Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.[譯文]鍛煉會讓你更加神清氣爽，更好地應(yīng)對一天當(dāng)中發(fā)生的任何事情。12．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀D)ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.[譯文]好消息是我可以幫助我自己的孩子比我更早地學(xué)會如何擁有得不多也能更好地生活。13．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.[譯文]城市坐落在哪里通常都是有充分理由的，比如靠近港口或河流。14．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.[譯文]然而，對于最終到達(dá)道森市的很多人來說，獲得的回報很值得這趟艱難的路程。15．(2018·天津卷·閱讀表達(dá))CuriositygotthebestofmeasIknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon.[譯文]盡管我知道很快就要黑天了，但好奇心還是占了上風(fēng)。16．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Wallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic.[譯文]Waller不僅僅是音樂會的曲子，而且還是一支舞曲。17．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit'sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.[譯文]不幸的是，你必須隨身攜帶這些必需的設(shè)備，因為找到天然的替代品是幾乎不可能的。18．(2016·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀D)Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.[譯文]壞消息有賣點，越血腥越吸引眼球。19．(2016·北京卷·閱讀B)Today,thescars(創(chuàng)痕)ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.[譯文]今天，在Rockaway破壞的創(chuàng)傷依然可見，但可以看到希望的曙光。20．(2016·天津卷·完形填空)ThejourneymydaughterCathyhashadwithherswimmingisaslongasitisbeautiful.[譯文]我女兒凱西那次游泳之旅既漫長又美麗。1．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀B)WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts使用了被動語態(tài)；主句之前是while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，主句之后是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句，其中Iattachtothem是省略關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語從句，修飾先行詞themeaning。[譯文]盡管我傾向于買大量的書籍，但是這三本是我接收的禮物，這或許會增加我賦予他們的含義。2．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1，000ormorecaloriesperhour.本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。句子的主句是racewalkerswouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour，movingatapaceofsixmilesperhour是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語修飾racewalkers；whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking是非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞800calories；althoughfewerthanrunning是although讓步狀語從句的省略，其后是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞running。[譯文]根據(jù)大多數(shù)計算，以每小時六英里的速度移動的競走者每小時會消耗大約800卡路里，這大約是他們走路燃燒的兩倍，雖然它比跑步消耗的卡路里少，跑步可能每小時消耗1000左右或更多的卡路里。3．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀D)Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。動詞include有兩個并列的賓語plants和aplant，plants后是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其中toshow是目的狀語，其后是when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；aplant后是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。[譯文]這些包括那些葉子上刻有傳感器的植物以顯示它們什么時候缺水，還包括一種植物能探測到地下水中的有害化學(xué)成分。4．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀B)Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.本句為主從復(fù)合句。其中analyzed與found為并列謂語，found后為省略了that的賓語從句，賓語從句中又包含了一個由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，以及由when引導(dǎo)的省略了主語和謂語的時間狀語從句。[譯文]研究人員分析了53對兒童及家長在家庭日?；顒又械匿浵?，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)在54個月大被評估時，26個月到46個月年齡段的玩智力游戲的兒童有更好的空間技能。5．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀B)Insomecases,it'snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it'stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.此處由分號連接的句子整體結(jié)構(gòu)為not...but...，分號相當(dāng)于but。分號前和分號后都為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。[譯文]在一些情況下，動物保護(hù)者對拍攝現(xiàn)場對待動物的方式并不是那么擔(dān)心；非拍攝現(xiàn)場動物的訓(xùn)練和生存狀況才是引起(他們)關(guān)注的。6．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀C)Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,