Unit3Backtothepast單詞講解課件-高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性

Unit3單詞3.voyage/?v???d?/n.航海，航行，航天

vi.航行，遠(yuǎn)行

Between1405and1433,onbehalfoftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemadeatotalofsevenvoyages.4.fleet/fli?t/n.艦隊(duì)；捕魚(yú)船隊(duì)；車(chē)隊(duì)

5.navigate/?n?v?ɡe?t/vt.航行；導(dǎo)航vi.導(dǎo)航

navigationn.navigatorn.領(lǐng)航員;(飛機(jī)、船舶等上的)航行者

6.onbehalf/b??hɑ?f/of代表（或代替）；為幫助；為了 --onone’sbehalf1)代表某人

I,onbehalfofourclass,welcomeyouwarmlyandsincerely.2)為了某人；因?yàn)槟橙?/p>

Theywritelettersofrecommendationonbehalfofstudents.Don’tworryonmybehalf.breadth/bredθ/n.寬度；廣泛 broadadj.convince/k?n?v?ns/vt.使確信，使相信；說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)convincedadj.convincingadj. 1)tomakesb/yourselfbelievethatsthistrueHowcanIconvinceyou①convincesbofsth.Youwillneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob.②convincesb+（that）從句I’dconvincedmyselfthatIwasright.2)persuadeconvincesbtodosth.IhopeIcanconvinceyoutostopbyandvisitusinNewYork.convincedadj.Iamconvincedofhisinnocence.convincingadj.convincingevidence7.load/l??d/vt.&vi.裝上，裝入

n.負(fù)載；承載量；大量

(反）unload

uploaddownload1)vt.&vi.Hisshipswereloadedwithchina,silk,teaandothertreasuresasgiftsforforeignrulers.Heloaded(up)thetruckwithcoal.=Heloadedcoalintothetruck.2)n.(C)loadsof/aloadof

ThereareloadsofgreatplacestoseeinAustralia.compass/?k?mp?s/n.1)羅盤(pán)，指南針

TheFourGreatInventionsoftheChinesepeopleinancienttimesarepapermaking,printing,thecompassandgunpowder.2)(常用復(fù)數(shù)）圓規(guī)

apairofcompasses

9.log/l?ɡ/n.航海日志，正式記錄；原木

vi.&vt.伐木1)n.航海/飛行日志；（事件的）正式記錄

Thenavigatorskeptlogsoftheirvoyages.

2)n.原木

sleeplikealog/baby(informal)沉睡；酣睡

3)vi.&vt.伐木(logged,logged,logging)

Theforesthasbeensoheavilyloggedthatitisindangerofdisappearing.

4）vt.把。。。記入航海/飛行日志；記錄（record）

LoggingnewspecieswillimproveourunderstandingoflifeontheEarth.

login/on(使）注冊(cè)；（使）登錄

You’llneedtotypeinyourpasswordeverytimeyoulogintoyouraccount.

logout/off（使）注銷(xiāo)；（使）登出Ifacomputeruserfailstologoff,thesystemisaccessibletoall.10.strengthen/?stre?kθn/vt.&vi.加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)

(反）weaken

strongadj.strengthn.Thewindwasstrengthening.TheaimoftheBeltandRoadInitiativeistostrengthenthebonds/tiesbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.

11.harmonious/hɑ??m??ni?s/adj.友好和睦的；協(xié)調(diào)的，和諧的

harmonyn.

1)(關(guān)系）友好和睦的ZhengHe’seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthenharmouniousrelationswiththesecountriesandrigions.Wesincerelyhopethatyoucouldbecomeasupportertoustocontributeyourloveandcareforcivilizedandharmounioussociety.2)(顏色等）協(xié)調(diào)的，和諧的

aharmoniouscombinationofcolours12.dismiss/d?s?m?s/vt.不予考慮，對(duì)…不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散

dismissaln.1)不予考慮，對(duì)…不屑一提

Formanyyears,somehistoriansdismissedtherecordsofthesevoyagesas

legends.2)消除（顧慮等）

dismissfears/doubtsfromone’smind3)(formal)讓.....離開(kāi)；

解散

dismisssbwithawaveofthehandTheclasswasdismissedearlytoday.4)(常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）解雇；開(kāi)除（fire)Hewasdismissedfromhisjobforincompetence.13.proof/pru?f/n.證據(jù)(evidence)，證明

provev.

Thereisnoproofthathewasonthecrimespot.14.acknowledge/?k?n?l?d?/vt.承認(rèn)(權(quán)威、地位)；承認(rèn)(屬實(shí))；(公開(kāi)）感謝

acknowledgementn.1）toacceptoradmitthatsthistrueorexists

ZhengHe’saccomplishmentsarenowwidelyacknowledged.

acknowledgeone’serrorsHeisacknowledgedas/tobeoneofthegreatestpianists.Theyacknowledged(tous)thattheyweredefeated.2)topubliclyexpressthanksforhelpthatyouhavebeengiven

IshouldliketoacknowledgeallthehelpIhavereceivedfrommyfamily.3)向.....打招呼；對(duì)......做出反應(yīng)

（toshowthatyouhaveseenornoticedsb/sthorreceivesth）

Iwasstandingrightnexttoher,butshedidn’tevenacknowldgeme.Heacknowledgedthegreetingwithanod.influential/??nflu?en?l/adj.有很大影響力的，有支配力的

influencen.&v.

ZhengHeisrememberedasoneofChina’smostinfluentialexplorers.Thesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.16.insist/?n?s?st/vi.&vt.堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)持說(shuō)insistentadj.insistencen.1)todemandthatsthshouldhappen---Whydon’tyoucallthemuptoday---OK,ifyouinsist.①insiston/upon(doing)sth.ColumbusinsistedonsearchingforadirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Heinsistedonanimmediateanswer.②insist+that...(should)dosth.Heinsisted(that)theproblem(should)bediscussedatthemeeting.2)tosayfirmlythatsthistrue,especiallywhenothersdon’tbelieveyou①insistonsthHeinsistedonhisinnocence.②insist+(that)從句Heinsistedthathewasright.

17.route/ru?t/n.路線，路途；途徑，渠道

take/followaroute

abusroute

18.financial/fa??n?n?l/adj.財(cái)政的，金融的，財(cái)務(wù)的

financiallyadv.financen.&v.

financialsupport/assistance/advisersglobalfinancialcrisisHongKongisaninternationalfinancialcentre.19.depart/d??pɑ?t/vi.&vt.離開(kāi)，起程 departuren.

ThetrainisduetodepartfromNewYorkintenminutes.TheflightdepartedforParis.20.shortage/????t?d?/n.不足，短缺

shortadj.

food/water/

housingshortagesglobalshortagesofworkforce

21.leak/li?k/vi.漏，滲漏；滲入

vt.漏，滲漏；泄露

n.漏洞 1)vi.&vt.Therainistillleakingin.Thetankhasleakedasmallamountofwater.

leakthenews2)n.Thepipehasgotaleak.agasleak22.panic/?p?n?k/1)n.驚恐，恐慌

Thenewshascausedpanic.Hundredsofpeoplelefttheirhomesin(a)panic.2)vi.&vt.(panicked,panicked,panicking

)（使）驚慌，（使）驚慌失措

Whenyouareinadangeroussituation,don’tpanic.

23.regardless/r??ɡɑ?dl?s/adv.不顧，不加理會(huì)

regardlessof不管，不顧

Sheisdeterminedtoliveafulfullingliferegardlessofwhatthefutureholds.

24.shore/???(r)/n.岸，濱

Thetreesontheshoresofthelakewerereflectedintheclearwater.

25.subsequent/?s?bs?kw?nt/adj.隨后的，后來(lái)的

(反）previous

subsequentlyadv.

subsequencen.隨后；接著（尤指結(jié)果、效果、后果）

Between1493and1504,Columbusfoundmorelandoverthecourseofhisthreesubsequentvoyages.

subsquentevents/generations/yearsFalsenewsspreadrapidlysubsequenttothewideuseoftheInternet.

26.captain/?k?pt?n/n.船長(zhǎng)，機(jī)長(zhǎng)；上校；隊(duì)長(zhǎng)27.allowfor

使成為可能；考慮到，把…計(jì)算在內(nèi)

Thisperiodalsoallowedforaninternationalexchangeofideasandculture.

Allowingforthebadweather,weshouldsetoffrightnow.

28.kingdom/?k??d?m/n.王國(guó)；管轄范圍 astonish/??st?n??/vt.使十分驚訝，使吃驚(tosuprisesbverymuch)

astonishedadj.astonishingadj.astonishmentn.

Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.

30.royal/?r???l/adj.盛大的，莊嚴(yán)的；皇家的，王室的 對(duì)比：loyal

receivearoyalwelcomefrom...theroyalfamily31.tomb/tu?m/n.墳?zāi)?對(duì)比：comb

32.literary/?l?t?r?ri/adj.文學(xué)的，文學(xué)上的；愛(ài)好文學(xué)的

literaturen. literaladj.字面上的，原義的

literarymasters/works/reviews

33.extensively/?k?stens?vli/adv.廣闊地；廣泛地

extensiveadj.extensivenessn.

extendv.---extensionn.Attheageof20,hebegantravellingextensivelyacrossthecountry.34.facilitate/f??s?l?te?t/vt.使便利，促進(jìn)

(makeiteasierforsthtohappen)

facilitationn.facilityn.SimaQiansucceededhisfatherasGrandHistorian,whichfacilitatedhisaccesstoofficialbooksandfiles.Educationfacilitatesthedevelopmentofanindividualphysically,mentally,morallyandacademically.

35.sortout理順，整理；把…安排好

Sortingoutalltheavailableresourcesandcheckingfactsofhistoricalmaterialsrequiredpainstakingefforts.Weshouldsortoutenemiesfromfriends.Janeadmitsthatshecan’tsortoutallthemessinthehouseholds.36.available/??ve?l?bl/adj.可獲得的，可找到的；有空的

availabilityn.

1)abletobeusedorcaneasilybeboughtorfound

ColddrinkswillbeavailableattheSportsCentre.Withalltheinformationavailable,theyfoundthehotelinthemountaineasily.Inthe1940s,electricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUS.Therewillbefourbasketballcourtsavailableforourusewithoneteacherwatchingovereachgame.

2)(ofaperson)freetobeseen,talkedto,etc.

Iwouldhavegonetomycousin’sbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnot

available.

37.prisonn.監(jiān)獄

prisonern.

putsbin/sendsbto/throwsbintoprison

escapefromprison

goto/getoutofprisonMandelafoughtforblackpeopleandwasinprisonforalmostthirtyyears.38.minister/?m?n?st?(r)/n.大臣，部長(zhǎng)

thePrimeMinister

theMinisterofForeignAffairs

39.exceptional/?k?sep??nl/adj.杰出的，優(yōu)秀的；異常的，罕見(jiàn)的

(反）unexceptionalexceptionallyadv.exceptionn.

exceptionalfigures/talent

40.phrase/fre?z/n.成語(yǔ)，習(xí)語(yǔ)；短語(yǔ)，詞組

asetphrase

41.format/?f??m?t/n.總體安排，設(shè)計(jì)；版式

Laterhistorianswrote23moreofficialhistoriesinasimilarformat.

42.shelf/?elf/n.(pl.shelves/?elvz/)（書(shū)架等的）架子，擱板

shelflife

保存期；貨架期

43.adopt/??d?pt/vt.采用，采取；表決采納；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng)

vi.領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng)

adoptionn.adoptorn.

adoptedadj.被收養(yǎng)的；移居的

anadoptedchild

one’sadoptedcountry

adoptiveadj.收養(yǎng)的，有收養(yǎng)關(guān)系的

adoptiveparents

adoptableadj.可收養(yǎng)的；可采用的1)totakeandusesth.adoptasuggestion/view2)adoptanorphan44.comparison/k?m?p?r?sn/n.對(duì)比；比較

comparev.comparativeadj.

makeacomparisonbetweensb/sth

by/incomparison(with)...Hewasaloudfriendlyman.By/Incomparison,hisbrotherwasrathershy.

45.pack/p?k/1)vt.&vi.塞進(jìn)，擠進(jìn)

Packedwithvividdescriptionsandfunfacts,thistypeofhistorybookis

highlyreadableandtruetolife.Morethan2,000studentspackedthehall.Weallpackedintoonecar.Thebuswaspackedwithpeople.2)

vt.&vi.

裝（箱），收拾；打包Don’tforgettopackyourtoothbrush!Theyhurriedlypackedtheirthings/belongingsintothesuitcase.

OnceafriendandIpackedupsomepeanutbutterandsandwichesforanouting.3)n.包，包裹；小盒，小包

Thehorsecarriedtwopacksonitsback.

apackofcigarette4)一群；一幫；

一堆

apackofwolves

46.contrary/?k?ntr?ri/adj.相反的，相對(duì)立的；截然不同的

contrarilyadv.

contraryto與…相反

1)adj.相反的，相對(duì)立的；截然不同的

haveacontraryopinion

Contrarytopopularhistorybooks,mostacademicbookstendtoadoptamoreanalyticalandseriousapproachtostudyinghistory.Theresultswerecontrarytomyexpectation.2)n.(常與the連用）相反；反面；對(duì)立面

Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoftenresultsinthecontrarytoourintention.（

拔苗助長(zhǎng)）

onthecontrary

正相反；恰恰相反

Hethoughthismarketingplanwasperfect,butonthecontrary,itwasnotanditfailed.

tothecontrary相反的；相反地

UnlessIhearanythingtothecontrary,Ishallassumethemeetingwillbeheldontime.

47.hell/hel/n.地獄；苦難的經(jīng)歷，悲慘的境況

gothroughhell

48.aboard/??b??d/prep.&adv.在(車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等)上，上(車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等)

比較：abroadadv.在/去國(guó)外

boardv.

上（車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等）

broadadj.寬的

Theplanecrashed,killingall200peopleaboard.(adv.)Thetrainisabouttoleave.Allaboard!(adv.)WelcomeaboardFlightBA98forParis!(prep.)49.rub/r?b/vt.&vi.擦，磨，搓；（使）相互摩擦

rubone’seyes/hands/head

rubsuncreamon...Thebackofmyshoeisrubbing.

50.washroom/?w??ru?m/n.洗手間，廁所

gotothewashroom51.uniform/?ju?n?f??m/1)n.制服；隊(duì)服

inuniform

Peopleatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearschooluniforms.2)adj.一致的，統(tǒng)一的

Thewallswereauniformgrey.52.violently/?va??l?ntli/adv.猛烈地，厲害地；強(qiáng)烈地，激烈地；兇狠地

violentadj.violencen.

violentbehavior

violentwinds53.eagle/?i?ɡl/n.雕

比較：

eageradj.

54.dive/da?v/vi.俯沖；跳水；潛水

n.沖，撲，俯沖；潛水；跳水

divingn.(U)跳水（運(yùn)動(dòng)）；潛水1）vt.&vi.俯沖，沖

TheplanesweredivingdowntodropbombsonPearlHarbor.Itstartedtorainsowedivedintothenearestcafe.Thegoalkeeperdivedfortheball,butmissedit.2)vt.&vi.跳水；潛水

ItookoffmyT-shirtanddivedintothewater.peopledivingforpearls3)vi.全身心投入

IknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown.4)n.沖，撲，俯沖；潛水；跳水

Shemakeabeautifuldive.

divingn.(U)跳水（運(yùn)動(dòng)）；潛水

godiving

55.thunder/?θ?nd?(r)/

thunderousadj.1）vi.轟隆隆地響；打雷

Itthunderedafewtimes,butnorainfell.Thetrainthunderedthroughthesmallstation.2）n.雷，雷聲

thunderandlightningthethunderofapplause

56.freeze/fri?z/vi.&vt.(froze,frozen)突然停止，呆??；結(jié)冰；凍僵

freezingadj.極冷的

n.(U)冰點(diǎn)

adv.

(informal)

極冷地

freezingcold

frozenadj.冷凍的；冰封的

1)vi.&vt.

tostopmovingsuddenly

Russellfelthisbloodfreeze,buthequicklycametohimselfandrusheduptothedeck.

Freeze,orI’llshoot!Thesmilefrozeonhisface.2)vi.&vt.(使）結(jié)冰

Thelakewasfrozenover.Freshwaterfreezesat0℃.3)vi.&vt.(人）凍僵；（水管、機(jī)器等）凍住

Twomenwerefrozentodeathonthemountain.Ourwaterpipesfroze(up)lastwinter.

57.deck/dek/n.甲板，艙面 58.meanwhile/?mi?nwa?l/1)adv.(句子副詞）與此同時(shí)；在此期間Motherwentshopping;meanwhile,Icleanedthehouse.2）n.(U)其間

inthemeanwhile/meantime

Pleasefindataxi,andinthemeanwhileI’llpacksomefood.

59.drag/dr?ɡ/vt.拖，拉；緩慢而費(fèi)力地移動(dòng)Afterreceivingtheordertoabandonship,Louissavedmoremenfromthewater,draggingthemintothelifeboat.Youcandraganddropthedocumentlikethis.Bruceopenedthecardoor,andheandJacksondraggedthemanout.

dragone’sfeet做事拖拉；遲遲不做

Itisnotagoodideatodragyourfeetwhentheworkneedstobedone.60.chaos/?ke??s/n.混亂，雜亂

Thecitywasinchaosaftertheearthquake.

61.navy/?ne?vi/n.海軍，海軍部隊(duì)

jointhenavy

62.bleed/bli?d/vi.(bled,bled)失血，流血

bloodn.

Hewasbadlyburnt,bleedingheavily.63.hatch/h?t?/vt.密謀，策劃；使孵出

vi.孵化；孵出

1)vt.密謀，策劃

JapanhadhatchedaplottolaunchasurpriseattackonPearHarbor.

2)vt.&vi.孵化；(使）孵出

hatcheggs

Don’tcountyourchickensbeforethey’rehatched.不要和過(guò)早樂(lè)觀。64.plot/pl?t/1)n.陰謀；故事情節(jié)Theplottomurderthepresidentwasuncovered.Ithinktheplotsoundsveryexciting.2)vi.&vt.密謀

Theywereplottingtooverthrowthegovernment.65.infamy/??nf?mi/n.臭名昭著，聲名狼藉；惡行，罪惡

66.sink/s??k/vi.&vt.(sank,sunk)下沉，沉沒(méi)；坐下；降低

n.洗碗池1)vi.&vt.（使）下沉；（使）沉沒(méi)

（反）floatTheshipsanktothebottomoftheriver.Myfather’sshipwassunkinWorldWarII.2)vi.坐下；倒下；（高度）下降

Thesunwasstartingtosink.Sheletoutasighandsankintoachair.3)vi.消沉；降低

Herheartsankasthelistendedwithouthername.Thepopulationofthevillagesanktojustafewfamilies.

besunkin

Iwasworried,sunkinthought.

Looselipssinkships.禍從口出/言多必失。4）n.