期末語法復(fù)習(xí)（知識清單）牛津上海版（試用本）英語四年級上冊

四上期末綜合復(fù)習(xí)一、語法歸納【知識梳理1】數(shù)詞1.最基本的基數(shù)詞如下表所示：1~1011~1920~1001one11eleven20twenty2two12twelve30thirty3three13thirteen40forty4four14fourteen50fifty5five15fifteen60sixty6six16sixteen70seventy7seven17seventeen80eighty8eight18eighteen90ninety9nine19nineteen100onehundred10ten*基數(shù)詞的寫法：21~99的兩位數(shù)，十位與個位之間用連字符“”。例：21twentyone32thirtytwo99ninety–nine2.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1）一般來說，是由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加詞尾th構(gòu)成。例，four+thfourthsix+thsixthseven+thseventhten+thtenth2）下面這些基數(shù)詞在變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時，有特殊的變化。例，onefirst twosecond threethird fivefifth eighteighthnineninth twelvetwelfth【知識梳理2】介詞I.方位介詞in,on,at,between,under,infrontof,behind,nexttoat:在某地點(diǎn)（小地點(diǎn)） atthebaconstall athome atschool atthebusstop/postofficein:在某地（大地點(diǎn)） intheclassroom/library inthehall/gym inShanghai/inChina intheworldon:a.在...上面 onthe2ndfloor在2樓 onthedesk在桌子上 b.在靠近...的地方 ontheright/left在右邊／左邊 ontheriver在河邊between:在...(二者)之間There

is

a

hospital

between

the

school

and

the

shop.在學(xué)校與商店之間有所醫(yī)院。under:在...正下方 They

aresitting

under

a

big

tree.他們坐在一棵大樹下。in

(the)front

of

:在...前面A

river

flows

in

front

of

the

house.房子前有一條河。behind:在...后面 A

high

building

stands

behind

the

village.村子后面有一高層建筑。nextto:臨近，緊靠（與near意思相近）Thelibraryisnexttothegym.圖書館旁邊是體育館。II.時間介詞in,on,at①at表示某一具體時刻，或把某一段時間看作某一時刻也可用at，在節(jié)假日前也常用at。at7:30在七點(diǎn)半 atnoon在正午 atnight/midnight atweekends在周末 atbreakfast在吃早飯時②on表示在具體的某一天(早晨/中午或晚上)；對某一天(早晨/中午或晚上)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述時也用on。onFriday在星期五 onacoldmorning在一個寒冷的早晨 onthemorningofMayDay五月一日上午③in表示所指的時間比一天更長或更短，in還可以表示在將來，或表示從現(xiàn)在算起的一段時間之后。intheafternoon在下午inApril在四月insummer在夏季inmyschooldays在我上學(xué)期間inthefuture在將來inthe21stcentury在二十一世紀(jì)inone'slife在某人一生中【知識梳理3】have,has用法have/has否定形式一般疑問形式have表示“有，吃，喝”haveameeting開會havearest休息一下don't/doesn'thaveTomdoesn'thavegotanymoney.Wedon'thaveameetingtoday.Do/Does...have...?Doyouhaveapieceofpaper?DoesTinahavearestaftertheexercise?have/hasgot表“有”結(jié)構(gòu)haven't/hasn'tgotTomhasn'tgotanymoneynow.Have...got...?例:Haveyougotacar？【知識梳理4】祈使句一、祈使句定義：祈使句表示請求、命令、建議等。謂語動詞一律用原形。句子中通常不用主語，句末用驚嘆號或句號，用降調(diào)來讀。分類：肯定的祈使句和否定的祈使句.1.肯定的祈使句a.句型：動詞原形～.（省略主語） Standup.起立。Bequiet，please.請安靜。b.用客氣的語氣表示祈使句時，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一個逗號“，”。 ethisway，please.注意：祈使句中如果有呼喚語，一定要用逗號“，”隔開，呼喚語可出現(xiàn)在句首或句尾。LiMing，ehere./ehere，LiMing.c.含有第一、第三人稱主語的祈使句 Let'ssaygoodbyehere./Don'tlethimdothatagain.句型：Let+第一人稱（me，us）+動詞原形. Letmetryagain. / Let'sgoatonce.Let+第三人稱代詞（賓格：him，her，it，them）或名詞+動詞原形.LetTomgotherehimself.注意：Let's包括聽話者，Letus不包括聽話者。用于反意疑問句時最明顯。Let'sgo，shallwe？/Letushelpyou，willyou？2.否定的祈使句句型a：Don't+動詞原形 Don'tswimintheriver./Don'tbelate./Pleasedon'tbenoisy.注意:表示禁止時，尤其是標(biāo)語等可用“No+名詞／動名詞”表示。Nosmoking!/Noparking!/Nolitter!句型b：Let's（us，me）+not+動詞原形～. Let'snotsayanythingaboutit.我們別說了。Don'tlet+第三人稱代詞的賓格或名詞+動詞原形. Don'tletthemplaywithfire.【知識梳理5】Therebe句型肯定句:Thereis+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞 / Thereare+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)否定句：Thereisn't/aren't…一般疑問句:Isthere/Arethere…?注意：一般疑問和否定句中有時some變成any對數(shù)量提問用Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+地點(diǎn)?Thereisabookonthedesk.Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk?對物提問用What's+地點(diǎn)？What'sonthedesk?【知識梳理6】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法①現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作 IamreadinganEnglishbooknow.②當(dāng)前一段時期內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作 TheyarelivinginBeijingthesedays.2.動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成 ①一般在動詞尾加ing play→playingeat→eatinggo→goinglook→looking②以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，去e加ing make→makinghave→havingleave→leaving③以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫這一輔音字母，再加ing put→puttingsit→sittingrun→runningswim→swimming3.與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時連用的時間狀語now，Look!，Listen!，Hurryup!，Bequiet!，Itis

seveno'clock…Whereis…?例：IamwatchingTVnow.Look!Theboyisplayingwithhisfriend.Listen!Thebirdsaresinginginthetree.Bequiet!Yourgrandpaissleepinginhisbedroom.Itis

nineo'clock.PeterishavinganEnglishclass.WhereisTom?Heismakingamodelplaneinhisbedroom.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的肯定式、否定式、疑問式及簡略回答

（1）肯定式：be＋ving

Sheissinginginthenextroom.

（2）否定式：be＋not＋ving

Thestudentsaren'tcleaningtheroom.

（3）一般疑問句：be動詞提前?？隙ù鹫ZYes，主語＋be，否定答語No，主語＋benot。

Areyouplayingtheputergame?

Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.（4）特殊問句：對謂語動詞進(jìn)行提問的：疑問詞＋be＋主語＋doing＋其他？

Whatistheoldmandoingunderthetree?

Wherearetheboysswimming?

Whoisshewaitingfor?【知識梳理7】其他重點(diǎn)1.問職業(yè)(1)我們有三種方式來詢問他人的職業(yè)：Whatdo/does+主語+do?What's+主語（人稱代詞主格/人名/身份）？What's+主語's+job？注意：what后面be動詞/助動詞do,does要根據(jù)主語的單復(fù)數(shù)情況和人稱來進(jìn)行選擇Whatdoesyourfatherdo?=What'syourfather?=What'syourfather'sjob?Heisadriver.提示：用Whatdo/does…do?還是What's…job?來提問，只要看主語是名詞還是所有格形式。Whatdoeshedo?=Whatishisjob?(2)詢問他人想做什么職業(yè)，可以這樣問：Whatdoyouwanttobe?Whatdoyouwanttobe?Iwanttobeateacher.2.Howmany/Howmuch…?3.問天氣What'stheweatherlike?/How'stheweather?4.詢問感覺、感受Howdo/does…feel? 其他感官動詞：smell,look,sound,taste(1)表達(dá)感受時，可以說：Iam+形容感覺的詞語。也可以說：Ifeel+形容感覺的詞語。(2)當(dāng)主語是三單一時，用feel描述感受：Hefeelshungry.否定句：Hedoesn'tfeelhungry.一般疑問句：Doeshefeelhungry?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.劃線提問：Howdoeshefeel?5.人稱代詞人稱代詞主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey人稱代詞賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs二、鞏固練習(xí)【練一練】寫出相鄰的數(shù)字1.twenty 2.five3.twelve 4.fiftyeight5.ninety 6.seventy7.thirtyeight 8.one【練一練】用合適的介詞填空1.Peterismydeskmate.Hesits____________me.2.Thereisapark____________myschool.3.Kittyisshort.Sheissitting____________me.4.NanjingRoadis____________thecentreofShanghai.5.Therearen'tanyclothesshops____________thisstreet.6.Thisisaphoto____________myfamily.7.Thesupermarketis____________thehotelandthebank.10.Myschoolis____________No.126GardenStreet.11.Whattimedoyougotobed?Igotobed__________ninethirty.12.Thecatischasingthemouse.Thecatis__________themouse.()1.Childrengetgifts____ChristmasDayand____theirbirthdays.A.on;on B.at;on C.in;in D.in;on()2.Alotofstudentsinourschoolwereborn____March,1981.A.in B.at C.on D.since()3.Mygrandfatherwasborn____Oct.10th,1935.A.on B.in C.at D.of()4.Mikedoeshisexercises____seven_____theevening.A.on;to B.at;in C.by;of D.at;on()5.Childrenwakeupveryearly____themorningofChristmasDay.A.in B.on C.for D.at()6.Mrs.BrowncametoChina____1996.A.on B.of C.to, D.in()7.Heoftengoes____school____sixthirty____themorning.A.for;to;in B.to;at;in C.to;for;at D,for;at;to【練一練】1.KittyandBen____________(have)arabbit.It____________(have)tworedeyes.2.____________(have)yougotatoy?Yes,I____________.3.Mrs.Fang____________(have)gotareddress.It____________(be)verybeautiful.4.Doesyoursister____________(have)anant?Yes.She____________(have)one.5.Thebutterfly____________(have)sixlegs.They'relong.II.Readandwrite.按要求寫句子1.Ihavetwobrothers.（改為一般疑問句）____________________________________________________2.Peterhasshorthair.（改為一般疑問句）_____________________________________________________3.Wehavegotsomemooncakes.(改為一般疑問句)____________________________________________【練一練】Ⅰ.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.

Where'sourteacher?He______________(watch)afootballmatchontheplaygroundnow.2.

Don'tmakeanynoise.Jim_______________(sleep)3.

They_______________(be)intheroomnow.4.

Howcolditis!It's_______________(snow)heavily.5.

Listen!PeterandBecky_______________(talk)abouttheweather.6.

Wherearethetwins?They_______________(play)footballatschool.7.

Mr.Jonescan'te.He_______________(have)ameeting.8.

Hurryup!Yourmother___________(wait)foryoudownstairs.(在樓下）Ⅱ.按要求改句子1.Kittyisreadingabookinthelivingroom.（劃線提問）___________________________________________________________2.Theyarewearingsomeshortstoday.(否定句,一般疑問句，劃線提問)They_______wearing_____shortstoday.______they_____________shortstoday?_______arethey________today?【練一練】對畫線部分提問1.Hisfatherisaworker. What_______hisfather________?2.Myuncleisafirefighter. What_______youruncle's________?綜合小測I.Readandwrite(按要求寫單詞)1.sun(形容詞) 2.on(反義詞) 3.sad(反義詞) 4.hay(復(fù)數(shù)) 5.litter(同類詞) 6.meet(同音詞) 7.leaves(單數(shù)) 8.trunk(與劃線部分發(fā)音相同的單詞) II.Fillintheblanks(用所給單詞的正確形式填空)1.There__________(notbe)anywaterinthebottle.2.Howmany__________(sandwich)canyousee?One.3.Youcancall__________(he)Mr.Macdonald.4.__________(notopen)yourbooks.Please__________(listen)totheteacher.5.Ourteacher__________(like)meverymuch.6.Telephone119.Look,the__________(fireman)areing.IV.Choosethebestanswer(選擇填空)()1._________thewindow,please.It'sveryhot. A.Open B.Close C.Clean()2._________areyou?I'mateacher. A.HowB.What C.Who()3.Kittyhasgot_________olddolls. A.some B.a C.an()4._________intheclassroom. A.Run B.Notrun C.Don'trun()5.Youarehungry.Here___somebread. A.is B.am C.are()6.____MissMacdonald_____anychicks? A.Do...have B.Is...have C.Does...have()8.Countthesheep._________ten. A.Theyare B.Theyhave C.Thereare()9.Sundayis_________dayofaweek. A.first B.thefirst C.an()10.Tigers_________smallanimals. A.likes B.like C.doesn'tlikeIV.Rewritethesentences(按要求改寫句子)1.Dannyhasgotsomemasks.(改為一般疑問句)____________________________________________2.Jumpintothepond.(該否定句)____________________________________________3.Therearethreeducksinthewater.(劃線提問)____________________________________________4.Thepairofglassesisfiftyyuan.(劃線提問)____________________________________________5.Alice'sdollisonaswing.(劃線提問)____________________________________________6.Ihaveapencilcaseonmydesk.(劃線提問)____________________________________________7.Don'tlitter.(改成同義句)____________________________________________V.Reading.(閱讀理解)(A)Ben,KittyandEddiehaveapicnicintheCityPark.Ben'sgotapacketofcrispsandaboxofcrayonsinhisbag.He'sonaswing.Kitty'sgotacameraandapairofsunglasses.Hersunglassesareblue.They'reonhernose.She'sintheplanthouse.Eddie'sgotanumbrellaandasketchbookinhisha