中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專練08 環(huán)保小衛(wèi)士、用衛(wèi)星遙感技術(shù)追蹤野生駱駝的科學(xué)家、空氣污染嚴(yán)重影響泰國的旅游業(yè)（含解析）

資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】中考時文閱讀練習(xí)08中考時文閱讀練習(xí)----環(huán)保小衛(wèi)士題型：閱讀理解主題：環(huán)境保護(hù)語篇類型：說明文詞數(shù)：324難度：3題數(shù)：5建議用時：6分鐘EarthDaycomeseveryApril22.It'sadaytodosomegoodfortheplanet.It'salsoatimetothinkabouthowtohelpyear-round.GetinspiredbyreadingaboutfouryoungpeoplewhohavetakenactionforMotherEarth.FightingwildfiresWhenReshmaKosarajuwas12,herfamilymovedtoCalifornia.Soonafter,theCampFirestarted.“ItwasoneofthelargestfiresinCalifornia'shistory,”Reshma,now17,says.Herschoolwasabout200milessouthofthefire.Butstudentshadtowearmasksbecauseofthesmoke.＂Itwasaterribleexperienceforme,”shesays.Itmadeherwanttofindasolution.ShecreatedawaytouseAItopredictforestfires.Hermethodisnearly90%accurate(準(zhǔn)確的）。RecyclingpowerOnhis10thbirthday,SriNihalTammanalearnedascaryfact.Everyyear,15billionbatteriesarethrownout.Theypollutegroundwaterandharmtheenvironment.Nihal'sorganization,RecycleMyBattery,providesrecyclingbinsforbatteries.Itisnowateamof250studentvolunteersaroundtheworld.Inthepastthreeyears,they'vehelpedrecyclemorethan260,000batteries.RescueeffortMilesFetherston-Resch,10,isinthebusinessofsavingoceans.Whenhelearnedthatsharksareintrouble,hepersuadedhismomtohelphimstartanonprofit(非營利的）organization.It'scalledKidsSavingOceans.ItswebsitesellsT-shirts,hats,andstickersmadeoutofrecycledplasticfoundintheocean.*Aportionofeverysale-some$40,000sofarisdonatedtocharitiesthatsupportcleanwaterways.AgreenfutureMiaPriceisthechairoftheGreenTeamatherschool.Theteamrecentlymetitsgoalofeliminating(消除）plasticwaterbottlesfromtheschooldiningcenter.Tomaketheschoolcampusgreenersheispresentingherideastotheschool.HerideasincludedinstallingsolarpanelsandLEDlightbulbsandrecyclingmaterialsfromtheoldgym.1.ReshmaKosarajuistryingtohelpfightwildfiresby.A.usingtechnologyB.startinganorganizationC.raisingmoneyD.givingmoneytofirestations2WhatscaryfactdidSriNihalTammanalearn?A.Therewasnocleandrinkingwaterinhiscity.B.Theworld'senvironmentgotworseandworse.C.Sharksareendangeredbecauseofwaterpollution.D.Ahugenumberofoldbatteriespollutedtheenvironment.3.WhatdoesKidsSavingOceansdowithaportionofthemoneyfromsellingproducts?A.Giveittotheirschool.B.Giveitawaytocharities.C.Spenditontoys.D.Spendithelpingpoorkids.4.Miaandherteamareatschool.A.recyclinglightbulbsB.stoppingusingplasticwaterbottlesC.usingcomputerslessD.recyclingsportsmaterials5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.KidheroesfortheplanetB.HowtosaveenergyatschoolC.Aschool'sgreengroupD.Howtorecycleatschool【參考譯文】每年的4月22日是地球日。這是為地球做好事的日子。這也是一個思考如何全年幫助地球的時刻。閱讀以下四個年輕人為地球母親采取行動的故事，獲得靈感吧！抗擊野火當(dāng)ReshmaKosaraju12歲時，他們家搬到加利福尼亞州。不久之后，野火爆發(fā)了?，F(xiàn)年17歲的Reshma說：“那是加利福尼亞州歷史上最大的火災(zāi)之一?！彼膶W(xué)校距離火場約200英里。但由于煙霧，學(xué)生們不得不戴口罩?！澳菍ξ襾碚f是一次可怕的經(jīng)歷?！彼f。這讓她想要找到解決方案。她發(fā)明了一種使用人工智能預(yù)測森林火災(zāi)的方法。這種方法的準(zhǔn)確率接近90%.回收電力在10歲生日那天，SriNihalTammana了解了一個可怕的事實(shí)。每年有150億個電池被扔掉。它們污染地下水并危害環(huán)境。Nihal的組織“回收我的電池”提供電池回收箱。現(xiàn)在，它是一個由全球250名學(xué)生志愿者組成的團(tuán)隊。在過去的三年里，他們幫助回收了26萬多個電池。救援工作10歲的MilesFetherston-Resch致力于拯救海洋。當(dāng)他得知鯊魚正處于危險之中時，他說服他的媽媽幫助他成立了一個非營利組織。這個組織名為“孩子們拯救海洋”。它的網(wǎng)站銷售由海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)的塑料制成的T恤、帽子和貼紙。每一筆銷售中的一部分（到目前為止約4萬美元）都會捐贈給支持清潔水道的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。綠色未來MiaPrice是她所在的學(xué)校的GreenTeam的主席。該組織最近達(dá)成了在學(xué)校餐廳消除塑料水瓶的目標(biāo)。為使學(xué)校校園更加環(huán)保，她向?qū)W校提出了自己的想法。她的想法包括安裝太陽能電池板和LED燈泡，以及回收舊體育館的材料?！菊Z篇解讀】本文主要介紹了四名學(xué)生為保護(hù)環(huán)境所做出的努力和行動，包括使用人工智能預(yù)測森林火災(zāi)、提供電池回收服務(wù)、創(chuàng)建非營利組織拯救海洋以及推動校園更加環(huán)保?！敬鸢附馕觥?.A推理判斷題。由第一則新聞的ShecreatedawaytouseAItopredictforestfires.可知，ReshmaKosaraju想出用AI預(yù)測森林火災(zāi)的辦法。由此可推斷，她在利用科學(xué)技術(shù)幫助救火。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二則新聞的第一、二句可知，SriNihalTammana了解到的可怕事實(shí)是每年大量被扔掉的廢舊電池污染了環(huán)境。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三則新聞的最后一句可知，KidsSavingOceans把賣東西得到的一部分錢捐贈給支持清潔水道的事業(yè)。由此可推斷，他們把一部分錢捐給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。4.B推理判斷題。由第四則新聞的第二句可知，Mia和她的團(tuán)隊在學(xué)校餐廳消除塑料水瓶。由此可推斷，他們在學(xué)校停止使用塑料水瓶。5.A主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出努力的四名學(xué)生。故A項最適合作標(biāo)題?！鹃L難句分析】★ItswebsitesellsT-shirts,hats,andstickersmadeoutofrecycledplasticfoundintheocean.它的網(wǎng)站出售用海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)的回收塑料制成的T恤衫、帽子和貼紙。T-shirts、hats和stickers是并列賓語；madeoutofrecycledplasticfoundintheocean作三個并列賓語的后置定語；foundintheocean作recycledplastic的后置定語。中考時文閱讀練習(xí)----用衛(wèi)星遙感技術(shù)追蹤野生駱駝的科學(xué)家題型：閱讀理解主題：科技人物語篇類型：記敘文詞數(shù)：348難度：4題數(shù)：4建議用時：7分鐘Since2012,remotesensing(遙感）scientistLiuShaochuanghasledateamintrackingandstudyingwildcamelsusingsatelliteremotesensingtechnology.Liuhasstudiedtherelationshipbetweenendangeredanimalsandtheirenvironment,whichhebelieveswillhelpdevelopbetterprotectionpoliciesinthefaceofclimatechange.Intherun-uptoWorldWildlifeDayonMarch3,2023,Liu'sresearchcameunderthespotlight,asitwasheldupasasuccessfulexampleofhowdevelopedspacetechnologycanbenefitanimalprotectioneffortsonEarth.LiuworksattheAerospaceInformationResearchInstituteoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.HisinterestinwildcamelsbeganwhenhisteamtestedadesignofthelunarroverYutuinthedesert.LivinginthedesertsinnorthwesternChinaandsouthwesternMongolia,theeven-toedcamelislistedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Expertsbelievethatthepopulationofthisspeciesiscurrentlylessthan1,000,ofwhicharound650areinChina.＂Tenyearsago,theresearchdependedonhumanobservation,whichwasveryprimitive(原始的），”Liusays.BecausewildBactriancamelsarefullymigratoryandcantraveloverlongdistances,scientistsusedtolearntheirhabitsbystudyingfootprintsanddroppings.Itwashardtofindonecamelinthedesert,letalonetrackit.However,Liuthoughthisskillsinremotesensingmightcomeinusefulinthestudyofwildcamels.Itwasnoteasyatfirst.Liuhadtolearnzoologyfromscratch.Histeamhadtospendseveralweekseachyearlookingforcamels.“Themostexcitingmomentwasattachingtrackerstothewildcamels,”Liurecalls.OnMay6,2012,Liu'steam,forthefirsttime,succeededinputtingasatellitepositioningcollar（頸圈）onawildcamelinXinjiang'sLopNurDesert.Hislatestdiscoveryisthatthesuitablelivinghomehasbecomemuchsmallerbecauseofclimatechange,andthatwildcamelshavemovedtothecolderAltunMountainRangeinChina,andhigher-altitudeareasinMongoliaasaresult.1.HowlonghasLiu'steamtrackedwildcamels?A.Foraboutfiveyears.B.Foraboutnineyears.C.Foraboutelevenyears.D.Forabouttwenty-threeyears.2.Whichparagraphshowsthatcamelsareendangered?A.Paragraph1.B.Paragraph2.C.Paragraph3.D.Paragraph4.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂migratory"inParagraph4mean?A.Givingfoodto.B.Givingbirthtotheyoung.C.Sleepingforthewholewinter.D.Movingfromplacetoplace.4.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5?A.Liustudiedzoologyatuniversity.B.Liuputhisheartintotheresearch.C.Wildcamelsgotusedtowearingacollar.D.Wildcamels'livinghomebecamesmaller.【參考譯文】自2012年以來，遙感科學(xué)家劉少創(chuàng)帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊利用衛(wèi)星遙感技術(shù)跟蹤和研究野生駱駝。劉少創(chuàng)研究瀕危動物與環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系，他認(rèn)為，面臨氣候變化，這將有助于制定更好的保護(hù)政策。在2023年3月3日世界野生動物日前夕，劉少創(chuàng)的研究受到了關(guān)注，因?yàn)檫@被認(rèn)為是一個成功的例子，說明發(fā)達(dá)的太空技術(shù)如何有利于地球上的動物保護(hù)工作。劉少創(chuàng)在中國科學(xué)院航天信息研究所工作。他對野生駱駝的興趣始于他的團(tuán)隊在沙漠中測試月球車玉兔的設(shè)計。平頭駱駝生活在中國西北部和蒙古西南部的沙漠中，被國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟列為極度瀕危物種。專家認(rèn)為，目前該物種的數(shù)量不足1000頭，其中約650頭生活在中國。劉少創(chuàng)說：“十年前，這項研究依賴于人類的觀察，這種方法很原始?！庇捎谝吧p峰駝是遷徙的，可以長途跋涉，科學(xué)家們過去常常通過研究它們的足跡和糞便來了解它們的習(xí)性。在沙漠中很難找到一頭駱駝，更不用說跟蹤它了。然而，劉少創(chuàng)認(rèn)為他的遙感技術(shù)可能在野生駱駝的研究中派上用場。一開始并不容易。劉少創(chuàng)不得不從頭學(xué)習(xí)動物學(xué)。他的團(tuán)隊每年都不得不花幾個星期的時間尋找駱駝?！白罴尤诵牡臅r刻是給野生駱駝系上追蹤器。”劉少創(chuàng)回憶道。2012年5月6日，他的團(tuán)隊首次在新疆羅布泊沙漠的一頭野生駱駝身上成功放置了衛(wèi)星定位頸圈。他的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)是，由于氣候變化，適宜居住的地方變得小得多，因此，野生駱駝已經(jīng)遷徙到更寒冷的中國阿爾金山脈，以及蒙古的高海拔地區(qū)。【語篇解讀】自2012年以來，遙感科學(xué)家劉少創(chuàng)帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊利用衛(wèi)星遙感技術(shù)跟蹤和研究野生駱駝。劉少創(chuàng)研究瀕危動物與環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系，他認(rèn)為，面對氣候變化，這有助于制定更好的保護(hù)政策?！敬鸢附馕觥?.C推理判斷題。由第一段的Since2012,remotesensingscientistLiuShaochuanghasledateam...和第二段的．．．onMarch3,2023,Liu'sresearchcameunderthespotlight...可知，劉少創(chuàng)的團(tuán)隊跟蹤駱駝已有約11年。2.C推理判斷題。由第三段的...islistedascriticallyendangered..thepopulationofthisspeciesiscurrentlylessthan1,000...可推斷，第三段表明駱駝瀕臨滅絕。3.D詞義猜測題。下文提及“可以長途旅行”，上文對應(yīng)表示：由于野生雙峰駝是遷徙動物。4.B推理判斷題。由第五段可知，劉少創(chuàng)從頭開始學(xué)習(xí)動物學(xué)，他的團(tuán)隊每年都要花幾個星期的時間尋找駱駝，給新疆羅布泊沙漠的一頭野生駱駝成功戴上了衛(wèi)星定位頸圈，這說明劉少創(chuàng)全身心地投入到科研工作中?！鹃L難句分析】★Expertsbelievethatthepopulationofthisspeciesiscurrentlylessthan1,000,ofwhicharound650areinChina.專家認(rèn)為，目前該物種的數(shù)量不足1000頭，其中約650頭生活在中國。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句；ofwhich...是介詞提前，關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，which指代lessthan1,000.中考時文閱讀練習(xí)----空氣污染嚴(yán)重影響泰國的旅游業(yè)題型：閱讀理解主題：環(huán)境污染語篇類型：說明文詞數(shù)：298難度：4題數(shù)：3建議用時：6分鐘HighpollutionlevelsinThailand'snortherncityofChiangMaiandsurroundingprovincesarekeepingtouristsawayandalarminglocals,withthegovernmentonApril10,urgingpeopletoavoidoutdooractivities.ForseveralweeksinMarchthecitywasatthetopofairqualityinformationplatformIQAir'sglobalchartonpoorairquality,aheadofLahore,PakistanandNewDelhi,India.ChiangMai,knownforitsbeautifulmountainousviews,templesandspecialcafes,received10.8millionvisitorsin2019,buthotelbookingsinthecityhavedroppedto45%byApril10.Thatisfarshortofthe80%to90%expectedaheadofthismonth'sThaiNewYearholidays,knownasSongkran.＂Ithasinfluencedmybusiness.Peoplearen'tcoming,”saidSunatInsao,53,whosellsorangejuice.Duetothebadairqualityinthenorth,Thailand'shealthministry(部）urgedthepublictoavoidoutdooractivitiesandwearmasks.ChiangMai,Thailand'sthird-biggestcity,reached289onIQAir'sairqualityindex(AQI)inMarch,whichmeasuresthelevelofinhalablefineparticles(顆粒）intheair.OnMondayithadeasedto171,butwasstill19timesovertheWorldHealthOrganization'srecommendedlevel.＂Youcanfeelthedustinyourface.Thisisreally,reallydirty,”saidFernandaGonzalez,27,whowasvisitingfromMexico.ThegovernmentsaidforestfiresandcropburninginThailandanditsneighboringcountriescausedalotofproblems.*ThaiPrimeMinisterPrayuthChanochasaidhewascoordinating(使協(xié)調(diào)）withLaosandMyanmartoreducefirespotsintheborderarea.ChiangMairesident(居民）PathsharasakonPo,36,saidshewasworriedaboutallergies(過敏），orevencancer.“It'sgettingworseandworseyearbyyear,”PathsharasakonPosaid.1.WhichwasthemostpollutedcityinMarch?A.Lahore.B.NewDelhi.C.ChiangMai.D.Peshawar.2.SunatInsao'sbusinessbecameworsebecause.A.hisorangejuicetastedworseB.orangesweremoreexpensivethanbeforeC.therewerefewervisitorsthanbeforeD.localpeopledidn'tlikeorangejuice3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.ChiangMaiisapopularcityinThailandfortouriststovisit.B.TheairisgettingmoreandmorepollutedbecauseoftoomanycarsinChiangMai.C.Forestfiresandcropburningi