(學(xué)生版)專題03 形容詞和副詞-備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)考試易錯(cuò)題

專題03形容詞和副詞——備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)考試易錯(cuò)題技巧1記住去掉最后一個(gè)字母e的場(chǎng)合1.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis___________(extreme)challenging.【解析】形容詞變副詞，絕大多數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞仍然直接加-ly例如：wise-

wisely;polite-politely;absolute-absolutely;complete-completely;entire-entirely【答案】extremely形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則：在形容詞詞尾直接加-ly。如:real-really;helpful-helpfully;careful-carefully;hopeful-hopefully;slow-slowly;quick-quickly;quiet-quietlypolite-politely,wide-widely以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily;happy-happily;heavy-heavily;noisy----noisily;healthy----healthily;3以-ue結(jié)尾的形容詞要先去掉e,然后再加-y。如:true-truly；4.以le結(jié)尾的形容詞，去e加y變成副詞。如:terrible-terribly;gentle-gently;possible-possibly;probable—probably;responsible—responsibly;comfortable-comfortably;gentle----gently;simple----simply5.另外,副詞還可以由形容詞加前綴a-得來(lái)。如:loud(adj.)-aloud(adv.)1.1.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Asthesmallboatmoved________(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.2.2.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Heryearsofhardworkhave______(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominatedhertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.技巧2熟記形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)的常用句型情況一遇到與than連用，要想到用比較級(jí)1.(全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris____________(clean)thanever.【解析】cleaner根據(jù)后面的than可知此處要用比較級(jí)【答案】cleaner2.Afterafewmonths,weallfeltthatwehadbeenabletobuildmuch____________(strong)relationshipswiththefamilythanwehadbefore.【解析】stronger根據(jù)句中的比較級(jí)標(biāo)志詞than可知，本句應(yīng)用比較級(jí)，表示幾個(gè)月后的情況與之前的情況進(jìn)行比較，much用于修飾比較級(jí)。【答案】stronger情況二遇到and、but、or等連詞前面或后面用比較等級(jí)形式，要想到用比較等級(jí)3.(全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Theywerealsothebestand____________(bad)yearsinmylife.【解析】由并列連詞and前面的thebest和inmylife表示的范圍可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式?！敬鸢浮縲orst情況三利用修飾語(yǔ)(1)看到修飾語(yǔ)much、still、even、far、alot、alittle、agreatdeal、(by)far、abit等以及百分?jǐn)?shù)，要想到比較級(jí)；(2)看到修飾語(yǔ)byfar、nearly、almost、bynomeans、notreally以及序數(shù)詞，要想到最高級(jí)。4.Herealizedthatifhecouldconstructawindmill,hisvillagepeoplecouldliveafar____________(good)life.【解析】由空格前的far和句意可知，此處應(yīng)填比較級(jí)better，修飾life，意為“過(guò)一個(gè)更美好的生活”?！敬鸢浮縝etter情況四遇到下列固定搭配，要想到用比較等級(jí)(1)the＋比較級(jí)．..,the＋比較級(jí)．..5.(遼寧卷)The____________(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句為“the＋比較級(jí)．..,the＋比較級(jí)．..”句型，意為“越……，就越……”，故填harder。【答案】harder(2)the＋最高級(jí)＋標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)或從句6.(陜西卷)Mymummakesthe____________(good)biscuitsintheworld,soIdecidedtoaskherforhelp.【解析】此處前面有the，后面有表示范圍的intheworld，所以應(yīng)該用形容詞的最高級(jí)。【答案】bestEven66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.2.Itwas(consider)ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.基礎(chǔ)夯實(shí)考點(diǎn)01形容詞、副詞的基本用法1.形容詞作狀語(yǔ)表示伴隨或結(jié)果，并不表達(dá)動(dòng)作的方式。2.有些副詞還可以作連詞，作副詞時(shí)常放在句末。如：though，(ever)since，incase等3.有些副詞置于句首可修飾全句，作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)。4.cannot/never與enough或too連用表示：無(wú)論怎樣都不過(guò)分；越……越好。考點(diǎn)02形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1.＂as＋形容詞＋(a/an)＋名詞＋as＂表示同級(jí)比較，注意中間的形容詞和名詞并列時(shí)各自所在的位置。2.＂as＋形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)＋as＂與＂notas/so＋形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)＋as＂表示同級(jí)比較，即兩個(gè)或兩部分人或物在性質(zhì)上或程度上相同(不同)。3.＂the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthetwo＋名詞＂表示＂兩者中較……的那個(gè)＂。4.a＋形容詞比較級(jí)＋n.……5.比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句)，alot，alittle，agreatdeal，byfar，abit等。6.最高級(jí)(1)最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見的有：序數(shù)詞，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notreally，notquite，nothinglike。(2)否定詞＋比較級(jí)＝最高級(jí)?！厩蓪W(xué)妙記】形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)用法口訣1.比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)：兩者比較than相連，三者比較the在前。2.同級(jí)比較：同級(jí)比較用原形，as...as永不離；as...as加not，只言兩者是同一，若是notso...as，后強(qiáng)前弱不看齊?！久钫Z(yǔ)詮釋】①比較級(jí)通常和than連用，而最高級(jí)前通常有定冠詞the；②同級(jí)比較一般用as...as表示＂與……一樣＂，這時(shí)誰(shuí)強(qiáng)誰(shuí)弱不能比較出來(lái)，而notso...as則表示后者比前者強(qiáng)，翻譯為＂不如……＂。【難點(diǎn)釋疑】比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)含義1.比較級(jí)+thananyother+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)2.比較級(jí)+thanall(the)other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)3.no/never/nothing...+比較級(jí)4.＂否定詞+不定冠詞+形容詞的比較級(jí)+名詞＂或＂否定詞+副詞的比較級(jí)＂表示＂從未……；未曾……＂考點(diǎn)03倍數(shù)表達(dá)法表示倍數(shù)的句型：(1)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than＋B(2)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級(jí)＋as＋B(3)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size，length，height等)＋of＋B(4)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋that＋of＋B(5)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句考04多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~→數(shù)詞→描繪詞→(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色)→出處→材料性質(zhì)→類別→名詞asmallroundtableatallgraybuildingadirtyoldbrownshirtafamousGermanmedicalschoolanexpensiveJapanesesportscar考點(diǎn)05形容詞、副詞辨析形容詞副詞的區(qū)別及用法1.late和later2.pleased,pleasing與pleasant3.living,alive與live4.worth，worthy與worthwhile5.too、also、either6.likely與possible,probable考點(diǎn)06幾組難點(diǎn)句型詳解句型1：Ais倍數(shù)＋thesize/length/weight/height…ofB.如：句型2：AistoBwhatCistoD.意為“A對(duì)于B就如C對(duì)于D?！比纾壕湫?：can'tbetoo＋adj.＝can'tbe＋adj.＋enough無(wú)論……都不為過(guò)，越……越……如：句型4：too…to句型的兩個(gè)意義模擬演練Ⅰ、語(yǔ)法填空1.66(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.2.BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The69(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.3.Asthesmallboatmoved,68(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.4.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,___36___(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.5.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.6.Heryearsofhardworkhave63(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.7.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.8.Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.9.As65（a）result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.10.Hescreamsthe63(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.11.Thefirstisdecliningbirthrates,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelargecomparedtoyoungergenerations,andso,onaverage,thepopulationbecomes______(old)thanbefore.12.Thisis______(particular)trueintheUS.13.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen______(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.14.Thoughmakingentrancefeescompulsorywillmakemuseumsless______(access)tosome,manymuseumsdohavecertaindaysoftheweekwhenadmissionisfree.15.Heryearsofhardworkhave______(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.16."Wedonotkeepelephantsbehindironfences______(permanent),soallelephantsaretakenouttoadapttothewildenvironmenteveryday."Chensays.17.Abacushashadafar-reachinginfluenceonscienceandtechnology,language,literature,art,architectureandmany______fieldsofChinaandevensomeareasoftheworld.18.Whenworkingwithanamountofnumbers,anabacusispracticallyfaster,sinceithasa______(good)“keyboard”thantheWesterncalculators.19.Constructiononthe______(north)sectionfromBeijingWestRailwayStationtotheBeijingDaxingInternationalAirportstartedin2018.20.ThegreatincreaseinitsweightcanbeowedtoChang'e5'slunarorbitunmanneddocking(會(huì)合)program,inwhichthetwopartsofChang'e5can______(automatic)combineintoawholeinorbit.21.WhenyoufirstlookatChinesecharacters,youwillmost______(like)feelthattheyareverycomplicated.22.Astheprincessgrewup,theKinggotmore______(worry)becausehecouldnotbeartoseeaprincessdanceforthecommonpeople.23.Whileitis______(deep)rootedinChineseculture,ShanghaihasalsomovedwiththetimesandbecomeamodernmetropolisFromdoingsportsandrunningonBundtotraditionalChineseartormodernWesternartmuseums,everyactivityisfeasibleinShanghai.24.The38.______(heavy)andlargestinthenation’slunarfleetChang’e5wouldflyinthetrajectorywithinthenextseveraldaysandmakesomecorrectionoperationsbeforeconductingakeybrakingmaneuver(剎車操作)toavoid39.______(accident)flyingpastthemoon.25.Elephantsarenotfansofstrangers.______,Chenandhiscolleaguescantakeonlythreedaysoffeverymonth.26.Thoughthemoveisdisappointingformanyathleteswhohavebeenpreparingforthissummerforyears,itisalsonot______(surprise).27.InmanyAsian,AfricanandLatinAmericancultures,______(extend)eyecontactisimpoliteanditisthoughtofasanoffensiveorachallengeofauthority.28.Thescientistsanalyzedthedataonabout20,000peopleagedbetween20and93,collectedforover35yearsbytheCopenhagenCityHeartStudy.AccordingtoDr.PeterSchnohr,theleaderresearcher,joggingisassociatedwithasmuchasa44percent______(low)riskofdeath.29.A56-year-oldenthusiasticbackyardbirdwatchernamedStuartDahlquistspentyearsleavingoutfoodforafamilyofcrowsandwasleft______(shock)whenhefoundagiftfromthecrowsbackinMarch2019.30.SomehealthprofessionalshaveregardedTaiChiasoneofthe______(benefit)formsofexercise.31.It'snot______(actual)justforgrandparents,butit'salsotogivegrandparentsanopportunitytoshowlovetotheirchildren'schildren.32.Ahealthiersocietymeansthereisnotsomuchpressureonthecountry’shealthsystemandcyclingisalsomuch______(kind)onyourpocketthandriving.33.Whetheryousimplygoforalongwalkinthepark,rideyourbicyclethroughthecountrysideorgotothegym,gettingyourbodymovingwillnotonlymakeyoufeelmore______(energy),butwillalsoimproveyouroverallhealth.34.Aftertrying38.______(variety)materials,includingpaper，plasticandotherthings，Ifoundthehandmadebamboobrushhandlestheheavyandthickpaint39.______(successfu1).35.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalChildDevelopment,bestfriendslikelyhada______(significance)influenceonhowyoubehaveinyour20s.36.Theyfoundthat,comparedtopeoplewithstronghighschoolfriendships,thosewhoweremerelypopulardidmuch______(bad)onseveralmeasuresofmentalhealth,suchasself-worth,socialacceptanceandrelaxation.37.Xiong,avisually57.______(disable)youngwomanwhostartedlearningthepianoattheageof6,saidheridolwasBeethoven,whowent58.______(complete)deaflaterandtheirphysicalchallengesledbothofthemtoestablishaconnectionwiththeoutsideworldthroughmusic.38.Butmyteacheralwayssays,“Wewanttobe______.”soabouttheageofWesternwomen,myadviceisthatifyoudon’tknowit,don’taskaboutit;ifyoureallyknowit,don’tmentionit.Ⅱ、完形填空形容詞和副詞專項(xiàng)綜合訓(xùn)練（一）Somepeoplethinkthattheywillgetilliftheyusetheirbrainstoomuch.Itisnot__1________(complete)true．Throughmanystudies,scientistsshowusthatthe_2________(much)youuseyourbrain,thebetteritwillbeandthe____3_______(clever)youwillbecome.Ofcourse,ifyouwanttokeepyourmindclearandactive,youmusttakeaproperrestandstudy___4_____(proper).Totheteenagers,usingtheirbrainsinthemorningisgoodfortheirhealth.Therearemanywaystorest.Oneisa_____5_____(peace)rest.Sleepisapeacefulrest.Anotherisan___6___(act)rest.Forexample,takeawalkoutdoorsanddomoreexerciseeveryday.Tochangethewayofbrains'activitiesisalsoan____7________(effect)waytorest.Ineverydaylife,____8______(regular)eatingsomeeggs,meat,freshvegetablesandfruitisalso_____9____(benefit)tothebrains.Wishyoutolive_____10________(happy)andstayhealthyandyoungforever.形容詞和副詞專項(xiàng)綜合訓(xùn)練（二）I'mmorethan__1__________(please)toreceiveyourletterformyadviceonhowtoreadbooks___2_____(correct).Toread____3______(successful)requiresrightwaysofreading,hereismyadvice.Firstofall，chooseabookwhichisneithertoodifficultnortooeasyforyou.Ifyoufindittoohardtogoonwiththebook，justputitasideforamomentandchangeitforan_4_______(easy)one._____5_________(consequent)，choosebooksthatyouarenotonly___6_______(interest)in,butare___7________(benefit)toyou，sincereadingisnotalwaysforfunonly.___8________(final)，domakethemostofdictionaries，asdictionariesareyour___9_______(good)teachers.Ihopemyadvicewillbegreatly__10_______(help)toyou.真題演練【2022年】1（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and__________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.2（2022新高考II卷）Theybothfell__________(sleep)whilewatchingTV.3（2022新高考II卷）Whenhelookeddown,he__________(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.4（2022年浙江卷1月）OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,__________（rough）200academics-manyofthemclimatescientistshavepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.【2021年】1．（2021·天津卷）Whilerock-climbing,youneedtoremainvery_____sothatyouwon'tmakeanydangerouserrors.A．satisfied B．focused C．a(chǎn)mused D．delighted2．（2021·天津卷）Asworkingfromhomebecomes________common,peoplearefindingiteasiertocombineparenthoodwithafull-timecareer.A．increasingly B．equally C．nervously D．confusingly3.（2021·全國(guó)甲卷）Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat45.__________(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!Wehired ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoallthewayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedly,youcandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesor,justtowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir50.___________(day)routines.4.（2021·全國(guó)乙卷短文改錯(cuò)）What’smost,doinghouseworkcanbeaformofmentallyrelaxationfromstudy.That’sourviewonhousework……5.(2021·新高考I卷)Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill____58____(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the____59____(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus____60____(astonish).6.(2021·浙江卷)Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch___39___（small）thanitistoday.Mary'sniecewrote,………【2020年】1.（2020·新課標(biāo)=1\*ROMANI卷）Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis62(extreme)challenging.2.（2020·新課標(biāo)=1\*ROMANI卷）Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow69iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhetheritsplansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.3.（2020·新課標(biāo)=1\*ROMANI卷）TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.4.（2020·新課標(biāo)=2\*ROMANII卷）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffice.66(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.5.（2020·新課標(biāo)=2\*ROMANII卷）The69(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.6.（2020·新課標(biāo)=2\*ROMANII卷）I’msurelyyou’llhaveagoodtime.7.（2020·新課標(biāo)=2\*ROMANII卷）ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain,suchthatwecanpracticetogetheroneveryday.8.（2020·新課標(biāo)=3\*ROMANIII卷）Asthesmallboatmoved,68．(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.9.（2020·江蘇卷）TheoutbreakofCovid-19hasmeantan_____changeinourlifeandwork.A.absurd B.abrupt C.allergic D.authentic10.（2020·天津卷）AccordingtoProfessorJohnson,wedon’thavetoreadthebookifwedon’twantto,asitis______.A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious11.（2020·山東卷）Inthe18thand19thcenturies,36．(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.【2019年】1.【2019·江蘇卷】Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople___________optionstoexercise.A.casual B.regular C.flexible D.tight2.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷】Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen___62___(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.3.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷】Heryearsofhardworkhave___63___(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.4.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷】Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.【2018年】1.【2018·江蘇】Despiteth