云南省三校聯(lián)考備考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期實(shí)用性聯(lián)考（五）英語試卷（解析版）

2024屆云南三校高芳備考實(shí)用性聯(lián)考卷（五）英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。在試題卷上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Flowers.B.Birthdaypresents.C.Clothes.2.HowmanycansofCokehasRowandrunk?A.Three.B.Nine.C.Twelve.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atabusstation.C.Inaschool.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Bossandemployee.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.5.WhohelpedthewomanpracticespeakingFrench?A.Theman.B.Hersister.C.Herneighbor.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Tuesday.B.Friday.C.Sunday.7.Howdoestheboysound?A.Calm.B.Hopeful.C.Anxious.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第10三個(gè)小題。8.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Visitingafriend.B.Lookingforanapartment.C.Takingthesubway.9.Howlargeisthebalcony?A.15m2.B.10m2.C.5m2.10.Howdoesthemanprobablygotowork?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11至第13三個(gè)小題。11.HowoldisJennienow?A.10yearsold.B.15yearsold.C.25yearsold.12.WhatledtothechangetoLondonaccordingtotheman?A.Therearefewercarsthanbefore.B.Morepeopleleavefromheavyindustries.C.People’sawarenesshasbeenraised.13.Whatdothespeakersmainlydiscuss?A.WhytheenvironmentinLondonbecomesbetter.B.Howwebringinnewregulations.C.Whetherwecanusecoalornot.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至第17四個(gè)小題。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostessandguest.B.Coachandathlete.C.Hostessandaudience.15.Whichcityistheman’steambasedin?A.WashingtonD.C.B.Montreal.C.Beijing.16.Whatisthechiefpartoftheman’straining?A.Exercisingontheice.B.Workingoutinthegym.C.Doingweight-lifting.17.Atwhatagedidthemanstartspeedskating?A.Sevenyearsold.B.Sixyearsold.C.Fouryearsold.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20三個(gè)小題。18.WhichcountrycontrolledtheSuezCanalin1869?A.Britain.B.India.C.France.19.Howlongdidittaketoconstructthecanal?A.10years.B.12years.C.15years.20.HowwideprobablywasthenarrowestpartoftheSuezCanalin2014?A.300meters.B.193meters.C.66meters.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AE-booksThatYouMayLikeTheScienceofDiet&ExerciseThisisthemostpopulare-bookwhichcentersaroundhowtokeepone’sfigureusingtraditionalweightlossmethods.Theneweditionincludestwocoverstories:WhyYourBrainNeedsExercise,whichlooksatthebenefitsofexerciseinanevolutionarycontext,andObesityontheBrain,whichexaminestheeffectsofunhealthyfoodsonthebrain.On-SaleDate:January1,2023Price:$7.66MysteriesoftheMindFormorethanacentury,scientistshaveinvestigatedtheworkingsofnature’smostcomplexorgan—thebrain.Findingsaremovingusclosertounderstandingprocessessuchashowwemakedecisions.Inthise-book,weexaminethelatestresearchonhowwecanimprovementalhealth.On-SaleDate:May3,2022Price:$8.99TheMysteryofSleepThereasonweneedsleephaslongpuzzledscientists,butit’sclearthatwedoneedit.Infact,themorewelearnaboutwhathappenswhilewesleep,themorewediscovernewbenefitsformultipleprocessesincludinghormonebalance,emotionalhealth,learningandmemory.Studiesshowthatevenonenightofdisturbedrestcanleadtomeasurableharm,andforthismini-collection,we’vegatheredthemostrecentresearchonsleep.On-SaleDate:January1,2023Price:$4.66TheScienceBehindtheDebatesPeoplesaythattheytrustscientists,yetevidenceoftentakesabackseattoemotions.Infact,forissuesthatcausethemostpublicanger—likevaccinesafety—thereisalmostnodebateinthescientificcommunity.Inthise-book,weexaminethesciencebehindtoday’smostarguabledebatesincludingGMOs(轉(zhuǎn)基因生物)andevolution,aswellasstrategiesforunderstandingandcopingwithdenialism(否定主義).On-SaleDate:March4,2022Price:$7.991.WhatdoesTheScienceofDiet&Exercisefocuson?A.Thetraditionalwaysofstayingslim. B.Theharmofeatingjunkfood.C.Theadvantagesofdoingexercise. D.Theimportanceofbrainhealth.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheMysteryofSleep?A.Itwasonsalein2022. B.Itisthecheapestofall.C.Itcoversresearchonevolution. D.Itcanimprovepeople’smentalhealth.3.Inwhiche-bookcouldreaderslearnaboutevolution?A.ObesityontheBrain. B.MysteriesoftheMind.C.TheMysteryofSleep. D.TheScienceBehindtheDebates.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本電子書的情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisisthemostpopulare-bookwhichcentersaroundhowtokeepone’sfigureusingtraditionalweightlossmethods.(這是一本最受歡迎的電子書，主要講述如何用傳統(tǒng)的減肥方法保持身材)”可知，《飲食與運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)》關(guān)注的是保持苗條的傳統(tǒng)方法。故選A。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)比較可知，TheScienceofDiet&Exercise售價(jià)是7.66美元；MysteriesoftheMind售價(jià)是8.99美元；TheMysteryofSleep售價(jià)是4.66美元；TheScienceBehindtheDebates售價(jià)是7.99美元。故《睡眠之謎》的特別之處在于是最便宜的。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分“Inthise-book,weexaminethesciencebehindtoday’smostarguabledebatesincludingGMOs(轉(zhuǎn)基因生物)andevolution,aswellasstrategiesforunderstandingandcopingwithdenialism(否定主義).(在這本電子書中，我們研究了當(dāng)今最具爭(zhēng)議性的辯論背后的科學(xué)，包括轉(zhuǎn)基因生物和進(jìn)化，以及理解和應(yīng)對(duì)否認(rèn)主義的策略)”可知，讀者可以從TheScienceBehindtheDebates了解到進(jìn)化。故選D。BWhenIwasagirlofeight,livinginatown,IusedtoworkforMrs.White,anelderlylady.Shepaidmeverylittleformywork,becauseshedidn’thavemuchmoney.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmaspresent.ThegirlsIplayedwithhadbaseballgloves,bicyclesandiceskates,andIwassoeagertoacquireanyoneofthese.OnChristmasmorning,Mrs.Whitegavemealittlepackagewhichcouldhardlyholdanything.Iwaspainfullydisappointedbutshetoldmeitwasakindofmagic.Mydisappointmentturnedintocuriosity.WithgreatexcitementIopenedthepackage,onlytofindapileoftensheetsofblackpaperinside,eachlabeledincolorfulletters,CarbonPaperRegalPremium.Ididn’tknowwhatitwas.“Isitmagic?”Iasked.MyAuntKaren,whowasaschoolteacher,answered,“Itreallyis!”Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplacedbetweenthemoneoftheblacksheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheuppersheet.RemovingitandtheCarbonPaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhadinnowaytouched.Therewasmyname!Iwasenthralled.Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaperwasusedup.ItwasagameIdidn’twanttoend.Iwasveryhappywithmyspecialgift.Icanhonestlysaythat,inthatonemoment,Iunderstoodasmuchaboutprinting,copyingwordsandthemysteryofspreadingideasasIhavelearnedintheremaininghalf-centuryofmylife.Ihopethatthisyearsomeboysandgirlswillreceive,fromthoughtfuladultswhoreallylovethem,giftsthatwillshockthem.Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences—usuallycostinglittleornothing—thattransformalifeandlenditamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.4.WhydidMrs.WhitepromisetogivethegirlaChristmaspresent?A.Shewantedtomeetthechild’swish. B.Sherewardedthegirlforhergoodwork.C.Shegavegiftstoeverychildinthetown. D.Shewantedtomakeupforthelowsalary.5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium?A.Itisusedinschoolteaching. B.Itismadebyspecialmagicians.C.Itusuallyconsistsofcolorfulpaper. D.Itcancopysomethingwrittenonpaper.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Iwasenthralled.”inParagraph3mean?A.IwasaddictedtoCarbonPaperRegalPremium.B.IwascuriousaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.C.IwasconfusedaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.D.Iwasshockedtherewasanameonthesecondsheet.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldworkforotherstogetagift. B.Agiftwithlong-termeffectsisabetterchoice.C.Childrenneedtoreceiveagiftthattheywant. D.CarbonPaperRegalPremiumisaperfectgift.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者八歲時(shí)得到了懷特太太送的復(fù)寫紙作為禮物，作者對(duì)這種東西非常著迷，并從中學(xué)到了印刷、復(fù)制文字和傳播思想的奧秘?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Shepaidmeverylittleformywork,becauseshedidn’thavemuchmoney.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmaspresent.(她給我的工資很少，因?yàn)樗龥]有多少錢。然而，她答應(yīng)給我一份圣誕禮物)”可知，懷特太太答應(yīng)給那個(gè)女孩一份圣誕禮物是因?yàn)樗霃浹a(bǔ)低工資。故選D。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplacedbetweenthemoneoftheblacksheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheuppersheet.RemovingitandtheCarbonPaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhadinnowaytouched.Therewasmyname!(她拿起兩張白紙，從盒子里拿出一張黑布放在它們中間。然后，她用一支硬鉛筆把我的名字寫在上面那張紙上。她取下那張紙和那張皇家高級(jí)復(fù)寫紙，遞給我第二張紙，她的鉛筆根本沒碰過那張紙。上面卻有我的名字！)”可知，CarbonPaperRegalPremium可以復(fù)制寫在紙上的東西。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaperwasusedup.ItwasagameIdidn’twanttoend.(我寫啊寫，把整張紙都用完了，直到最后一張黑紙都用完了)”可知，作者一直把CarbonPaperRegalPremium都寫完了，說明作者對(duì)CarbonPaperRegalPremium著迷了。故劃線句意思是“我對(duì)CarbonPaperRegalPremium著迷了”。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences—usuallycostinglittleornothing—thattransformalifeandlenditamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.(正是這樣的禮物和經(jīng)歷——通?；ㄙM(fèi)很少或根本不花——改變了一個(gè)人的生活，并賦予它一種可能持續(xù)幾十年的動(dòng)力)”可推知，作者想要表達(dá)的信息是：有長(zhǎng)期效果的禮物是更好的選擇。故選B。CNightowlsmaybepronetoheartdiseaseanddiabetes(糖尿病)thanearlybirdsbecausetheirbodiesarelessabletoburnfatforenergy,U.S.researcherssay.Peoplewhoriseearlyrelymoreonfatasanenergysource.Theyareoftenmoreactiveinthedaythanthosewhostayuplater,meaningfatmaybuildupmoreeasilyinnightowls,thescientistsfound.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhynightowlsareatgreaterriskoftype2diabetesandcardiovasculardisease.Theymayalsohelpdoctorstoidentifypatientsearlyonwhoaremorelikelytodeveloptheconditions.Theresearchersdivided51fatmiddle-agedadultsintoearlybirdsandnightowls,dependingontheiranswerstoaquestionnaireonsleepingandactivityhabits.Theymonitoredthevolunteers’activitypatternforaweekandtestedtheirbodies’fuelpreferenceatrestandwhileperformingmoderateorhigh-intensityexerciseonatreadmill.InExperimentalPhysiology,theteamdescribedhowearlybirdsweremoresensitivetobloodlevelsofthehormoneinsulin(胰島素)andburnedmorefatthannightowlswhileatrestandduringexercise.Thenightowlswerelesssensitivetoinsulinandtheirbodiesfavoredcarbohydratesoverfatasanenergysource.ProfStevenMalin,aseniorauthoronthestudyandanexpertinmetabolism,saiditwasunclearwhydifferencesinmetabolismwereseeninnightowlsandearlybirds.Butonepossibility,hebelieves,isamismatchbetweenthetimepeoplegotobedandwakethenextmorningandthecircadianrhythms(晝夜節(jié)奏)thatgoverntheirbodyclocks.Thefindingscouldaffectdiscussionsaroundthehealthrisksofnight-shiftworkandevenchangingtheclockstosuitdaylighthours.“Ifwepromoteatimingpatternthatisoutofsyncwithnature,itcouldworsenhealthrisks,”Malinsaid.“Whetherdietarypatternsoractivitycanhelpreducetheseisanareawehopebecomesclearintime.”8.Howdonightowlsdifferfromearlybirdsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theyaremoreabletoburnfat.B.Theyarelessactiveinthenight.C.Theyaremorelikelytohavesomeconditions.D.Theyarelesslikelytobuildupfatintheirbody.9.Howdidtheresearchersgroupthevolunteers?A.Byenquiringquestionsabouttheirlives. B.Byrecordingtheirexerciselevels.C.Bytestingtheirbodies’fuelpreference. D.Bymonitoringtheiractivitypattern.10.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Abriefintroductiontotheresearchmethod. B.Adetailedaccountoftheresearchfindings.C.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults. D.Reasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“outofsync”inParagraph6referto?A.Outoforder. B.Outofcontrol.C.Notinagreement. D.Notinconnection.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了夜貓子可能更容易患心臟病和糖尿病的研究?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Nightowlsmaybepronetoheartdiseaseanddiabetes(糖尿病)thanearlybirdsbecausetheirbodiesarelessabletoburnfatforenergy,U.S.researcherssay.(美國研究人員稱，夜貓子比早起的鳥兒更容易患心臟病和糖尿病，因?yàn)樗麄兊纳眢w燃燒脂肪獲取能量的能力較弱)”可知，“夜貓子”更有可能患有某些疾病。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearchersdivided51fatmiddle-agedadultsintoearlybirdsandnightowls,dependingontheiranswerstoaquestionnaireonsleepingandactivityhabits.(研究人員根據(jù)51名肥胖中年人對(duì)睡眠和活動(dòng)習(xí)慣問卷的回答，將他們分為“早起鳥”和“夜貓子”兩組)”可知，研究人員通過問卷詢問志愿者的生活問題來對(duì)志愿者進(jìn)行分組。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“InExperimentalPhysiology ,theteamdescribedhowearlybirdsweremoresensitivetobloodlevelsofthehormoneinsulin(胰島素)andburnedmorefatthannightowlswhileatrestandduringexercise.Thenightowlswerelesssensitivetoinsulinandtheirbodiesfavoredcarbohydratesoverfatasanenergysource.(在《實(shí)驗(yàn)生理學(xué)》中，研究小組描述了“早起鳥”在休息和運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)對(duì)血液中胰島素激素水平更敏感，燃燒的脂肪也比“夜貓子”多?！耙关堊印睂?duì)胰島素不太敏感，他們的身體更喜歡碳水化合物而不是脂肪作為能量來源)”可知，第四段詳細(xì)介紹了研究結(jié)果，即研究發(fā)現(xiàn)“早起鳥”對(duì)血液中胰島素激素水平更敏感，燃燒的脂肪也比“夜貓子”多，而“夜貓子”對(duì)胰島素不太敏感，他們的身體更喜歡碳水化合物而不是脂肪作為能量來源。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“ProfStevenMalin,aseniorauthoronthestudyandanexpertinmetabolism,saiditwasunclearwhydifferencesinmetabolismwereseeninnightowlsandearlybirds.Butonepossibility,hebelieves,isamismatchbetweenthetimepeoplegotobedandwakethenextmorningandthecircadianrhythms(晝夜節(jié)奏)thatgoverntheirbodyclocks.(該研究的資深作者、新陳代謝專家史蒂文·馬林教授說，目前還不清楚為什么“夜貓子”和“早起鳥”在新陳代謝方面存在差異。但他認(rèn)為，一種可能是，人們睡覺和第二天早上醒來的時(shí)間與控制生物鐘的晝夜節(jié)律不匹配)”可知，專家推測(cè)是人們睡覺和第二天早上醒來的時(shí)間與控制生物鐘的晝夜節(jié)律不匹配導(dǎo)致了“夜貓子”和“早起鳥”在新陳代謝方面的差異，即我們與自然晝夜節(jié)律不致的時(shí)間模式導(dǎo)致差異。結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“Ifwepromoteatimingpatternthatisoutofsyncwithnature,itcouldworsenhealthrisks,(如果我們提倡一種與自然……的時(shí)間模式，可能會(huì)加劇健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”中“withnature”可推知，這里說的也是時(shí)間模式與自然節(jié)律不一致，outofsync(with)與notinagreement(with)意思一致。故選C項(xiàng)。DInthesummerof2021,anunseasonaleventtookplace.Morethan100milesofFlorida’scoastaroundTampaBaybecameanoxygen-depleted(缺氧的)zonecontainingdeadfishalongthenearbyshoreline.Muchoftheconversationaroundourclimatecrisishighlightstheemissionofgreenhousegasesandtheireffectonwarming,sea-levelriseandoceanacidification(海洋酸化).Wehearlittleabouttheeffectofclimatechangeonoxygenlevels,particularlyinoceansandlakes.Butwaterwithoutadequateoxygencannotsupportlife.Forthethreebillionpeoplewhodependoncoastalfisheriesforincome,decliningoceanoxygenlevelsaredevastating.Asoceanandatmosphericscientistsfocusonclimate,webelievethatoceanicoxygenlevelsarethenextbigvictimofglobalwarming.Tostopthesituationfromworsening,weneedtoexpandourattentiontoincludethedangerousstateofoceanicoxygenlevels—thelife-supportsystemofourplanet.Weneedtoaccelerateocean-basedclimatesolutionsthatboostoxygen.Examplesincludenature-basedsolutionssuchasthosediscussedatthe2021UnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP26)heldinGlasgow.Enhancedmonitoringofoxygenandtheestablishmentofanoxygen-accountingsystemareamust.Puttingoxygenintotheclimatestorymotivatesustodotheworktounderstandthedeepsystemicchangeshappeninginourcomplexatmosphericandoceanicsystems.WecelebratedthereturnofhumpbackwhalesinrecentyearstoanincreasinglycleanNewYorkHarborandHudsonRiver.However,deadfishblockedtheHudsoninthesummeraswarmerwaterscarriedlessoxygen.Ecosystemchangesconnectedtophysicalandchemicalsystem-leveldatamaypointthewaytonewapproachestoclimatesolutions.Itincludesanenhancedunderstandingofthelife-supportsystemofourplanet.Roughly40percentoftheworld’speopledependontheoceanfortheirlivelihoods.Ifwedonotsavemarinelifefromoxygenstarvation,westarveourselves.12.Whatistheresultoflessoceanoxygenaccordingtothetext?A.Ariseinthecoastalfisheries. B.Thewarmingoftheatmosphere.C.Theemissionofgreenhousegases. D.Anincreaseindeathsofseaanimals.13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Attentiontooceansisnecessary. B.Globalwarmingeffectsareserious.C.Oceanicoxygenlevelsaredangerous. D.Waystoboostoceanicoxygenareurgent.14.WhydoestheauthormentionhumpbackwhalesinParagraph4?A.Tobringinanoxygen-accountingsysteminclimate.B.Toexplaintheurgencyofoxygenlevelsinatmosphere.C.Tocallformoreattentiontooxygenstarvationinwaters.D.Toshowtheachievementsinreducingairpollution.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SaveMarineLife. B.MakeOceansSafe.C.LetOceansBreathe. D.KeepMarineSystem.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了海洋氧氣含量的不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量海洋生物的死亡，并呼吁人們采取措施拯救海洋生物。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ Inthesummerof2021,anunseasonaleventtookplace.Morethan100milesofFlorida’scoastaroundTampaBaybecameanoxygen-depleted(缺氧的)zonecontainingdeadfishalongthenearbyshoreline.(2021年夏天，發(fā)生了一件非季節(jié)性事件。佛羅里達(dá)州坦帕灣周圍100多英里的海岸線變成了一個(gè)缺氧區(qū)，附近的海岸線上有死魚。)”可知，海洋氧氣減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致海洋生物死亡數(shù)量的增加。故選D項(xiàng)。13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Asoceanandatmosphericscientistsfocusonclimate,webelievethatoceanicoxygenlevelsarethenextbigvictimofglobalwarming.Tostopthesituationfromworsening,weneedtoexpandourattentiontoincludethedangerousstateofoceanicoxygenlevels—thelife-supportsystemofourplanet.Weneedtoaccelerateocean-basedclimatesolutionsthatboostoxygen.(隨著海洋和大氣科學(xué)家關(guān)注氣候，我們相信海洋氧氣水平是全球變暖的下一個(gè)大受害者。為了阻止情況惡化，我們需要擴(kuò)大我們的注意力，包括海洋氧氣水平的危險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)——我們星球的生命維持系統(tǒng)。我們需要加快以海洋為基礎(chǔ)的增加氧氣的氣候解決方案)”可知，研究提高海洋氧氣含量的解決方案迫在眉睫。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“WecelebratedthereturnofhumpbackwhalesinrecentyearstoanincreasinglycleanNewYorkHarborandHudsonRiver.However,deadfishblockedtheHudsoninthesummeraswarmerwaterscarriedlessoxygen.(近年來，我們慶祝座頭鯨回歸日益清潔的紐約港和哈德遜河。然而，在夏季，由于溫暖的海水?dāng)y帶的氧氣較少，死魚阻塞了哈德遜河)”可知，文中先介紹哈德遜河座頭鯨的回歸，再指出由于水中氧氣含量的減少，大量的死魚阻塞了哈德遜河。作者暗示雖然座頭鯨回歸，但也可能因?yàn)橹醒鯕夂康牟蛔愣劳觯髡呓璐撕粲跞藗兏嚓P(guān)注水中缺氧問題。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Butwaterwithoutadequateoxygencannotsupportlife.Forthethreebillionpeoplewhodependoncoastalfisheriesforincome,decliningoceanoxygenlevelsaredevastating.(但是沒有足夠氧氣的水是無法維持生命的。對(duì)于依靠沿海漁業(yè)獲取收入的30億人來說，海洋含氧量的下降是毀滅性的)”、第三段中“Weneedtoaccelerateocean-basedclimatesolutionsthatboostoxygen.Examplesincludenature-basedsolutionssuchasthosediscussedatthe2021UnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP26)heldinGlasgow.(我們需要加快以海洋為基礎(chǔ)的增加氧氣的氣候解決方案。例如，在格拉斯哥舉行的2021年聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會(huì)(COP26)上討論的基于自然的解決方案)”和最后一段中“Ifwedonotsavemarinelifefromoxygenstarvation,westarveourselves.(如果我們不把海洋生物從缺氧中拯救出來，我們就會(huì)餓死自己)”可推知，文章介紹了海洋氧氣含量的不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量海洋生物的死亡，并呼吁人們采取措施，故“LetOceansBreathe(讓海洋呼吸)”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Astudyrevealsit’sbeneficialtowriteaboutapainfulexperienceordifficultsituationinawaythatpsychologistsrefertoas“expressivewriting”.Expressivewritingisaspecificstrategydifferentfromkeepingajournal.Theideaistoreflecthonestlyandthoughtfullyonaparticularsufferingorchallenge.Hundredsofstudieshavefoundthatitcanstrengthentheimmunesystem,includingforpeoplewithillnessessuchasdepression,cancer,andPTSD.____16____AnditmayevenhelpreducesymptomsofdepressionandPTSD,andpreventcoldsandflu.____17____Translatingthatdisturbanceintolanguageforcesyoutoorganizeyourthoughts.Additionally,creatingastoryoffersyouasenseofcontrol.Expressivewritingworksbecauseitallowsyoutomakemeaningoutofapainfulexperience.Talkingaboutaneventcanleadtoreflection,whereyouarelostinemotionsandmaybecomeoverexcited.Butwritingforcesyoutoslowdown.Writingcanreducetheneuralactivityinthebrain,leadingtoapositivemoodandanenhancedappreciationforlife.____18____Whatifyouthinkyou’renotexpertatwriting?____19____Dodigdeepintoyourthoughtsandfeelings.Thegoalofwritingistofindmeaninginanupsettingevent.Whenyouacknowledgethepain,youwillbeabletoseethecouragetofacefears.Butthereareafewwarnings.____20____Peoplecopingwithaseverepainordepressionmaynotfinditusefultodoalonewithouttherapy.Itshouldn’tbeusedasareplacementforothertreatments.Yetitcanbeapowerfulcopingtoolformany,becauseithelpspeoplefightthefeartofaceemotions.A.Itcanrelievepainandimprovemood.B.Don’tworryaboutspellingorgrammar.C.Expressivewritingisn’tamagicalcureforall.D.Expressivewritingisarecordingofwhathappens.E.Spendjustafewminutestakingdownyourfeelings.F.Realizingwhatisdisturbingyouisanimportantfirststep.G.Writingincreasesone’sacceptanceofexperiencesandacceptanceiscalming.【答案】16.A17.F18.G19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。講述了用一種心理學(xué)家稱之為“表達(dá)性寫作”的方式來描述痛苦的經(jīng)歷或困難的情況是有益的，但是也有不足的地方，不能代替治療手段。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Hundredsofstudieshavefoundthatitcanstrengthentheimmunesystem,includingforpeoplewithillnessessuchasdepression,cancer,andPTSD.(數(shù)百項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，它可以增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)，包括患有抑郁癥、癌癥和創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙等疾病的人)”以及后文“AnditmayevenhelpreducesymptomsofdepressionandPTSD,andpreventcoldsandflu.(它甚至可以幫助減輕抑郁和創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙的癥狀，預(yù)防感冒和流感)”可知，此處在講述表達(dá)性寫作的好處，所以A項(xiàng)“Itcanrelievepainandimprovemood.(它可以緩解疼痛，改善情緒)”符合文意，講述了表達(dá)性寫作的好處，與上下文承接自然。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Translatingthatdisturbanceintolanguageforcesyoutoorganizeyourthoughts.Additionally,creatingastoryoffersyouasenseofcontrol.Expressivewritingworksbecauseitallowsyoutomakemeaningoutofapainfulexperience.(把這種困擾翻譯成語言會(huì)迫使你組織你的思想。此外，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)故事給你一種控制感。表達(dá)性寫作之所以有效，是因?yàn)樗茏屇銖耐纯嗟慕?jīng)歷中找到意義)”可知，后文提到“這種困擾”，所以空處應(yīng)提出“困擾”這個(gè)概念，所以F項(xiàng)“Realizingwhatisdisturbingyouisanimportantfirststep.(意識(shí)到困擾你的是什么是重要的第一步)”符合文意，其中disturbing和disturbance是同構(gòu)詞。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】位于段尾，應(yīng)對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Talkingaboutaneventcanleadtoreflection,whereyouarelostinemotionsandmaybecomeoverexcited.Butwritingforcesyoutoslowdown.Writingcanreducetheneuralactivityinthebrain,leadingtoapositivemoodandanenhancedappreciationforlife.(談?wù)撘患驴赡軙?huì)導(dǎo)致反思，你會(huì)迷失在情緒中，可能會(huì)變得過度興奮。但是寫作迫使你放慢速度。寫作可以減少大腦中的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)，帶來積極的情緒，增強(qiáng)對(duì)生活的欣賞)”可知，本段主要講述了把不好的事情寫下來可以帶來積極的情緒，所以G項(xiàng)“Writingincreasesone’sacceptanceofexperiences,andacceptanceiscalming.(寫作增加了一個(gè)人對(duì)經(jīng)歷的接受，并且接受是平靜的)”符合本段主題，其中calming和首句的overexcited相對(duì)應(yīng)，為本段總結(jié)句。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Whatifyouthinkyou’renotexpertatwriting?(如果你認(rèn)為自己不擅長(zhǎng)寫作呢?)”可知，空處應(yīng)對(duì)問題進(jìn)行回答，B項(xiàng)“Don’tworryaboutspellingorgrammar.(不要擔(dān)心拼寫或語法)”符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Butthereareafewwarnings.(但也有一些警告)”以及后文“Peoplecopingwithaseverepainordepressionmaynotfinditusefultodoalonewithouttherapy.Itshouldn’tbeusedasareplacementforothertreatments.Yetitcanbeapowerfulcopingtoolformany,becauseithelpspeoplefightthefeartofaceemotions.(患有嚴(yán)重疼痛或抑郁的人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒有治療的單獨(dú)行動(dòng)是沒有用的。它不應(yīng)該被用來替代其他治療方法。然而，對(duì)許多人來說，它可以是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的應(yīng)對(duì)工具，因?yàn)樗梢詭椭藗儜?zhàn)勝面對(duì)情緒的恐懼)”可知，本段講述表達(dá)性寫作不足的地方，所以C項(xiàng)“Expressivewritingisn’tamagicalcureforall.(表達(dá)性寫作并不是萬能的)”符合本段主題，引出下文。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Bradyhasbeendiagnosedwithterminalcancer.Ithasbeen____21____forhisfamilyandhisstudents.Hewas____22____notonlybecausehewasarisingstar,butalsobecausehehadrecently____23____thehighesthonorsforyoungresearchersattheWhiteHouse.Wetruly____24____him—assomeoneputit,“Healwayshasasmileandakindwordforeveryone.”Itisvery____25____tofindsomeonewhoisextremelyintelligentshouldbesonice.Lastweek,Iboughtasimplecard,reading,“Healingthoughtsandwishesarecomingyourway.Weareall____26____foryourrecovery”.Imetandmadeallhisstudents,whohaveworkedprettycloselywithhim,signandadda____27____onit.Heisstillundergoingintensetreatment,tryinghisbesttostay____28____andhopeful.Hedidn’tshowanytraceofself-pityorsadnesswhenImethim.____29____,hepaidattentiontoeverywordofmypresentationandaskedmeseveralquestions_____30_____tomywork,thoughbeingingreat_____31_____.Isawanexpressionofjoyandhopeonhisfaceasheopenedthecard.Hesaidhewas_____32_____toseethemessagesfromthestudents.Thenhe_____33_____,“Iamtryingtofocusonstayingpositive,hopingtobebackthissummer.”Despitebeingtoosicktoteachclasses,myprofessorhasmanagedtocontinuebeingagreatteacher,introducinghislast_____34_____messagestous.Itissoimportanttotellpeoplehowmuchthey_____35_____tousbeforeitistoolate.21.A.disappointing B.challenging C.heartbreaking D.confusing22.A.normal B.responsible C.ordinary D.outstanding23.A.collected B.awarded C.delivered D.chosen24.A.admit B.admire C.inspire D.cure25.A.hard B.natural C.practical D.simple26.A.seeking B.searching C.praying D.competing27.A.text B.message C.comment D.wish28.A.anxious B.thoughtful C.curious D.optimistic29.A.Therefore B.Instead C.Particularly D.Besides30.A.related B.devoted C.committed D.applied31.A.relief B.power C.pain D.vain32.A.motivated B.frightened C.interested D.touched33.A.added B.considered C.wandered D.hesitated34.A.personal B.precious C.professional D.inaccurate35.A.offer B.convey C.sacrifice D.mean【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.C27.B28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Brady教授被診斷患有晚期癌癥。他是一位備受尊敬的年輕研究者，曾獲得白宮頒發(fā)的最高榮譽(yù)。他在面對(duì)絕癥的困擾下，展現(xiàn)了堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和樂觀的態(tài)度，繼續(xù)對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行啟發(fā)和教育。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)他的家人和學(xué)生來說都是令人心碎的。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.challenging富于挑戰(zhàn)性的；C.heartbreaking令人心碎的；D.confusing令人費(fèi)解的。根據(jù)上文“Bradyhasbeendiagnosedwithterminalcancer.”可知，Brady教授被診斷為癌癥晚期，所以他的家人和學(xué)生感到心碎。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他之所以杰出，不僅因?yàn)樗且活w冉冉升起的新星，還因?yàn)樗罱诎讓m獲得了青年研究人員的最高榮譽(yù)。A.normal普通的；B.responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；C.ordinary平凡的；D.outstanding杰出的。根據(jù)下文“hewasarisingstar”和“hehadrecently

3thehighesthonorsforyoungresearchersattheWhiteHouse”可推知，Brady教授非常杰出。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他之所以杰出，不僅因?yàn)樗且活w冉冉升起的新星，還因?yàn)樗罱诎讓m獲得了青年研究人員的最高榮譽(yù)。A.collected贏得，獲得；B.awarded授予；C.delivered傳達(dá)；D.chosen選擇。根據(jù)下文“thehighesthonorsforyoungresearchersattheWhiteHouse”可知，他獲得了青年研究人員的最高榮譽(yù)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們真的很佩服他，就像有人說的，“他總是面帶微笑，對(duì)每個(gè)人都說好話?！?。A.adm