2024年高考英語核心考點精講精練（新高考專用）考點7 閱讀理解推理判斷之預(yù)測文章走勢 （教師版）

考點7閱讀理解推理判斷之預(yù)測文章走勢（核心考點精講精練）1.2021-2023年三年高考真題考點分布考點題型預(yù)測文章走勢閱讀理解2023試卷類型設(shè)問考點【2023·全國乙卷】C31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?預(yù)測文章走勢2.命題規(guī)律及備考策略【命題規(guī)律】近3年新高考卷對于閱讀理解中預(yù)測文章走勢的考查共計1次，主要考查：根據(jù)閱讀文章全部內(nèi)容推斷文章的未來走勢。預(yù)測文章走勢的方法：1.利用文章最后一段的內(nèi)容，預(yù)測作者未來要寫的方向；2.根據(jù)文章的第一段內(nèi)容，預(yù)測文章的前面可能寫的內(nèi)容；3.理清文章的寫作思路，把握文章的重要內(nèi)容及寫作方法是預(yù)測文章走勢的根本?！緜淇疾呗浴肯到y(tǒng)歸類預(yù)測文章走勢的方法；熟練掌握閱讀技能?！久}預(yù)測】學(xué)業(yè)水平考試的是高中生的畢業(yè)考試，高考是國家選拔創(chuàng)新人才的考試。學(xué)考和高考分開考的目的很明確。高考就是選拔性考試，通過高考英語試題，考查學(xué)生的推理判斷能力和邏輯思維能力及品質(zhì)是重要導(dǎo)向。通過閱讀理解中，預(yù)測后文發(fā)展的推理判斷題是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的推理題，在新高考命題中很可能會出現(xiàn)。判斷依據(jù)是：我們中學(xué)課本中每個單元都有這樣的閱讀預(yù)測Predictwhatthetextwillbeabout。因此，預(yù)測文章走勢的推理判斷題，2024年高考中將成為高考閱讀理解的重要題型，應(yīng)該倍加注意?！?024年高考命題預(yù)測】推理判斷之推斷文章走勢考點是高考中可能考的考點。在當今高考的新改革時代，考查學(xué)生的預(yù)測推斷是新課標中的要求，很有可能在高考中出現(xiàn)。預(yù)測在2024高考中，推斷文章走勢有可能在高考閱讀理解中呈現(xiàn)?！就评砼袛嘀A(yù)測推斷題考點指南】規(guī)律方法：常見的設(shè)問方式： 1.Whatwillbediscussedfurtherinthecomingparagraph? 2．Whatmaytheresearchersdonextaccordingtothelastparagraph? 3．Whatwouldtheauthormostprobablydiscussnext?4．Wheredoesthearticlegonext?5.Whatwouldthefollowingparagraphtalkabout?規(guī)律方法：如何解決預(yù)測推斷題？有些題目要求根據(jù)語篇，對事件可能的結(jié)局或下一段可能涉及的內(nèi)容等進行猜測推理。做此類題目時，務(wù)必把握作者的寫作思路，如文章可能按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過描寫，也可能按因果關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系來敘述，從而做出比較科學(xué)的、合情合理的預(yù)測判斷。特別要注意文章最后一段的內(nèi)容及最后幾句話。1.[2023·全國乙卷]CWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.ItsthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritainsconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUKsobsession(癡迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,itsnolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.()28.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain.B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes.D.Itdeservesahighreputation.()29.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammesonBritishTV?A.Authoritative.B.Creative.C.Profitable.D.Influential.()30.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%. B.24%.C.25%. D.33%.()31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK.D.Studiesofbigeaters.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了英國的電視烹飪節(jié)目對英國人的飲食習(xí)慣產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響,很多人開始擺脫過去的飲食習(xí)慣,而且它也改變了人們對烹飪的看法。28.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine…”可知,提到英國食物人們想到的可能是炸魚薯條,或者是周日的肉和兩種蔬菜晚餐。人們通常認為英國食物不太讓人感興趣,給人的印象不那么深刻,即簡單和普通。故選A項。29.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ItsthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”及“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”可知,電視烹飪節(jié)目上的廚師們讓英國人遠離傳統(tǒng)的“一葷兩素”和現(xiàn)成餐食,并開始在烹飪習(xí)慣上變得更加冒險,電視節(jié)目似乎幫助改變了人們對烹飪的看法。由此可推知,英國電視上的烹飪節(jié)目很有影響力。故選D項。30.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto…”可知,近三分之一的人表示,他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比過去的種類更多。故選D項。31.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章尾句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,itsnolonger‘uncool’forboystolikecooking.”可知,隨著越來越多的男廚師出現(xiàn)在電視上,男孩喜歡烹飪已經(jīng)不再是“不酷”的事了。由此可推知,接下來作者可能會接著討論電視節(jié)目上的男廚師們。故選B項。2.【廣東省茂名市五校聯(lián)盟第二次聯(lián)考】"Hello!"Youtypeintothechatbox.There'saslightfeelingofexcitementflowingthroughyourfingers,andyoucan'twaitforareply.Youthink,"There'sprobablynothingmoreexcitingthanthis."Withcommunicationfromallcornersoftheworldpossibleattheeaseofyourfingers,wearenowwitnesstoanadvancedformofthehandshakeandphysicalconversations:onlinefriendships.Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.Andthoughsomeparentsmaybebitingtheirfingernailsinfearrightnow,morethanhalfoftheyouthhaveadmittedtomakingtheirfriendsonlineandagoodmajorityregularlytextthem.Thoughthestatisticsaredaunting,wehope,wehaven'tscaredyouoff!Researchersactuallyfoundthatpursuingonlinefriendshipscouldbebeneficial.PennStateUniversityreportedthatthiswasespeciallythecaseforthosewithsocialanxiety,astheymightformastrongercomfortbondwiththeirpeersthroughthescreenratherthanaface-to-facemeeting.Additionally,onlineinteractionmayincreaseyourself-confidence.Inourcurrentsituationofisolation,perhapsthatperfectconnectionfromthesafetyofourhomesisallittakestomakethingsjustalittlemorebearable.Intheend,italldependsonyou.Whetherornotyoursearchforafriendbearsfruitliesinyourapproach,andthoughI'mnotagreatrelationshipmaster,Ihavesometipsthatwillaidyouinyourexplorationforthe"BFF"ofyourdreams.1．Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?A．Theyouthoftenmeetonlinefriendsinreality.B．MostInternetusersliketextingtotheironlinefriends.C．Manyparentslikebitingfingernailswhenworried.D．MostyoungadultslackawarenessofInternetsafety.2．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword"daunting"inParagraph4?A．Disappointing. B．Misleading. C．Frightening. D．Dissatisfying.3．What'stheauthor'sattitudetomakingfriendsontheInternet?A．Objective. B．Supportive. C．Negative. D．Unclear.4．Whatdoyouthinkthetextwilltalkaboutnext?A．Howtogetonwellwithonlinefriends. B．Howtofindonlinebestfriends.C．Howtokeepintouchwithonlinefriends. D．Howtobenefitfromdreamonlinefriends.【答案】1．D2．C3．A4．B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過場景描寫引入本文話題——網(wǎng)上交友。首先陳述了很多年輕人網(wǎng)上交友的現(xiàn)狀以及家長對此的擔憂，然后通過一個研究證明，網(wǎng)上交友也是有益的。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.(據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示，令人擔憂的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實名和身份信息，58%的人認為這沒什么可擔心的)”可推斷，大多數(shù)年輕人缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全意識。故選D。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.(據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示，令人擔憂的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實名和身份信息，58%的人認為這沒什么可擔心的)”以及畫線詞后文“wehope,wehaven'tscaredyouoff!(我們希望我們沒有把你嚇跑)”可知，數(shù)據(jù)表明大多數(shù)年輕人缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全意識，可見這些數(shù)據(jù)是令人害怕的。A.Disappointing.令人失望的；B.Misleading.誤導(dǎo)的；C.Frightening.令人害怕的；D.Dissatisfying.令人不滿意的。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.(據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示，令人擔憂的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實名和身份信息，58%的人認為這沒什么可擔心的)”以及第四段中“Researchersactuallyfoundthatpursuingonlinefriendshipscouldbebeneficial.PennStateUniversityreportedthatthiswasespeciallythecaseforthosewithsocialanxiety,astheymightformastrongercomfortbondwiththeirpeersthroughthescreenratherthanaface-to-facemeeting.(研究人員實際上發(fā)現(xiàn)，追求網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼可能是有益的。賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)報告稱，這對那些有社交焦慮的人來說尤其如此，因為他們可能會通過屏幕與同齡人形成更強的舒適聯(lián)系，而不是面對面的見面)”以及通讀全文可知，文章介紹了網(wǎng)上交友的缺點和優(yōu)點，表述客觀，無明顯個人情感傾向，所以是客觀的。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whetherornotyoursearchforafriendbearsfruitliesinyourapproach,andthoughI'mnotagreatrelationshipmaster,Ihavesometipsthatwillaidyouinyourexplorationforthe"BFF"ofyourdreams.(你尋找朋友的過程是否有結(jié)果取決于你的方法，雖然我不是一個很好的人際關(guān)系專家，但我有一些建議可以幫助你探索你夢想中的“最好的朋友”)”可推知，文章接下來會給出一些關(guān)于如何在網(wǎng)上找好朋友的建議。故選B?！?023屆山西省長治市部分學(xué)校高三下學(xué)期三模聯(lián)合考試】Oneofthethingsthatweexpectfromtheoceanisisdeepbluecolorthatreflectsthesky.ScientistsatUCSanDiegoInstitutionofOceanographyalongwithscientistsattheUniversityofWashingtonhavebeenexperimentingwithdyeing(染)theoceanatSanDiegobeachpink.Whatcouldtheypossiblybeupto?Thisisbeingdoneforastudythatexamineshowfreshwateroutflowsarecombiningwiththeoceansurfzone.TheexperimentiscalledPlumesinNearshoreConditions(PiNC).“I’mexcitedbecausethisresearchhasn’tbeendonebeforeandit’sauniqueexperiment,”saidSarahGiddings,acoastaloceanographerleadingthestudy.“Theaimistounderstandhowfreshwaterinteractswithwaves,sinceitisusuallywarmerthanoceanwaterandmorebuoyant(有浮力的).”Thefreshwaterisdyedpinksothattheteamcaneasilykeeptrackofitwhenfreshwaterisaddedtotheseawater.Thedyeisenvironmentallyfriendlyandisthenspottedasitmakesprogressinthewater.Itistrackedbysensorsonpolesthatarelocatedalongthesandaswellasbydrones(無人機).There’salsoajetskiwithafluorometerthattracksthelightthatisgivenoutfromthepinkdye.Thesensorsoutsideofthesurfzonerecordtheheightofthewaves,oceancurrentsandtemperature.Therearethreeplanneddyereleasesasofnow,andresearchersarehopingthatthispinkdyeexperimentwillhelpthemrecordmoreabouthowpollutantstravelintheoceanwaterthroughtheseadditionsoffreshwater.Giddingsexplained:“We’rebringingtogetherdifferentpeoplewithdifferentexpertise,suchthatIthinkit’sgoingtohavesomegreatresultsandimpacts.We’llcombineresultsfromthisexperimentwithanolderfieldstudyandcomputermodelsthatwillallowustomakeprogressonunderstandinghowthedyedfreshwaterspread.”28．WhatisthepurposeofPlumesinNearshoreConditions?A．Tointroducethebenefitsofdyeingtheocean.B．Tostudyhowfreshwatercombineswithseawater.C．Toprovethatfreshwaterismuchwarmerthanseawater.D．Toexaminetheimpactoffreshwaterontheoceansurfzone.29．Whyisthepinkdyeusedbytheteam?A．Itiseasiertoberecognizedbythem.B．Itcaneffectivelycatchthesunlight.C．Itistheonlyeco-friendlydye.D．Itcanactivelycooperatewithsensors.30．Whichofthefollowingisexpectedtorecordintheexperiment?A．Thetimeofoceancurrents.B．Thepowerofthewaves.C．Thechangeoftemperature.D．Thetravelofpollutants.31．Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A．Buildmorescientificcomputermodels.B．Experimentwithdyesofdifferentcolors.C．Makeafurtherresearchintotheresults.D．Discusstheresultswithdifferentexperts.【答案】28．B29．A30．D31．C【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家們?yōu)榱搜芯康畢R入大海后的流向及產(chǎn)生的影響，將淡水染成粉紅色。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thisisbeingdoneforastudythatexamineshowfreshwateroutflowsarecombiningwiththeoceansurfzone.(這是為了一項研究，研究淡水流出是如何與海洋沖浪帶結(jié)合的)”和“Theaimistounderstandhowfreshwaterinteractswithwaves,sinceitisusuallywarmerthanoceanwaterandmorebuoyant(有浮力的).(研究的目的是了解淡水是如何與波浪相互作用的，因為淡水通常比海水更溫暖，浮力更強)”可知，科學(xué)家實驗的目的是研究淡水如何匯入海水和匯入之后的流向。故選B項。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thefreshwaterisdyedpinksothattheteamcaneasilykeeptrackofitwhenfreshwaterareaddedtotheseawater.Thedyeisenvironmentallyfriendlyandisthenspottedasitmakesprogressinthewater.(淡水被染成粉紅色，這樣當?shù)惶砑拥胶Ｋ袝r，研究小組就可以很容易地追蹤到它。這種染料是環(huán)保的，當它在水中移動時就會被發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，淡水染成粉紅色的原因是它更容易被識別和跟蹤。故選A項。30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thesensorsoutsideofthesurfzonerecordtheheightofthewaves,oceancurrentsandtemperature.Therearethreeplanneddyereleasesasofnow,andresearchersarehopingthatthispinkdyeexperimentwillhelpthemrecordmoreabouthowpollutantstravelintheoceanwaterthroughtheseadditionsoffreshwater.(沖浪區(qū)外的傳感器記錄海浪的高度、洋流和溫度。目前已經(jīng)計劃了三次染料的釋放，研究人員希望這個粉色染料實驗將幫助他們更多地記錄污染物是如何通過這些增加的淡水在海水中傳播的)”可知，傳感器記錄了浪高、洋流、水溫，便于研究者通過實驗了解污染物的流向。故選D項。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Wewillcombineresultsfromthisexperimentwithanolderfieldstudyandcomputermodelsthatwillallowustomakeprogressonunderstandinghowthedyedfreshwaterspread.(我們將把這個實驗的結(jié)果與一個較早的實地研究和計算機模型結(jié)合起來，這將使我們能夠進一步了解染紅的淡水是如何傳播的)”推知，科學(xué)家們將結(jié)合之前的研究數(shù)據(jù)，繼續(xù)深入研究有關(guān)淡水的流向。故選C項?；A(chǔ)過關(guān)（最新模擬試題演練）1.【2023屆安徽省皖南八校高三第三次大聯(lián)考】Modernlifeisfullofthingsthatcaninfluenceyourabilitytobesensitiveandresponsivetoyourchild.Theseincludeextrawork,lackofsleep,andthingslikemobiledevices.Someexpertsareconcernedabouttheeffectsthatthesethingstriggeroffonemotionalbondingandchildren’slanguagedevelopment,socialinteraction,andsafety.Ifparentsareinconsistentlyavailable,kidscangetdistressed(苦惱的)andfeelhurt,rejected,orignored.Theymayhavemoreemotionaloutburstsandfeelalone.Theymayevenstoptryingtocompetefortheirparent’sattentionandstarttoloseemotionalconnectionstotheirparents.“Therearetimeswhenkidsreallydoneedyourattentionandwantyourrecognition.Parentsneedtocommunicatethattheirkidsarevaluableandimportant,andchildrenneedtoknowthatparentscarewhatthey’redoing,”explainsCrnic,apsychologist.“Kidsstarttoregulatetheirownemotionsandbehavioraroundagethree.Upuntilthen,theydependmoreonyoutohelpthemregulatetheiremotions,whethertocalmthemorhelpgetthemexcited,”headds.Dr.CarolMetzler,whostudiesparentingattheOregonResearchInstitute,explains,“They’rewatchingyoutoseehowyoudoitandlisteningtohowyoutalktothemaboutit.Parentsneedtobegoodself-regulators.You’renotonlytryingtoregulateyourownemotionsinthemoment,buthelpingyourchildlearntomanagetheiremotionsandbehavior.Itcanbetoughtorespondtoyourkidswithsensitivityduringtantrums(精神痛苦),arguments,orotherchallengingtimes.Ifparentsrespondbybeingbad-temperedoraggressive(攻擊性的)themselves,childrencancopythatbehavior,andanegativecyclethencontinuestoupgrade.”Askidsbecomebetteratmanagingtheirfeelingsandbehavior,it’simportanttohelpthemdevelopcopingskills,likeactiveproblemsolving.Suchskillscanhelpthemfeelconfidentinhandlingwhatcomestheirway.12．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“triggeroff”?A．Setoff. B．Burstinto.C．Consistof. D．Divefor.13．WhydoesMetzlerthinkittoughtorespondtokidssensitivelyinParagraph4?A．Becausekidsareunabletomakeouttheirparents’arguments.B．Becauseparentsaretoosensitivetotrainkidstobeaggressive.C．Becausekidscannotcopytheirparents’behaviorontheseoccasions.D．Becauseparentshavetocontroltheirfeelingsandteachittotheirkids.14．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Parentsshouldnotbebad-temperedinfrontoftheirkids.B．Parentsshouldconsistentlydeveloptheirproblemsolvingskills.C．Parentsshouldengagewithkidsandrespondtothempositively.D．Parentsshouldcontinuouslyupgradetheirlanguageandemotions.15．Whatwillthewriterprobablytalkaboutnext?A．Thewaytotrainkidstobeconfident.B．Thewaytotrainkids’abilitiestodealwithmatters.C．Thewaytotrainkidstoself-regulatetheiremotions.D．Thewaytotrainkids’abilitiestobesensitiveandresponsibe.【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講了父母要與孩子建立密切的聯(lián)系并積極地影響孩子。12．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Modernlifeisfullofthingsthatcaninfluenceyourabilitytobesensitiveandresponsivetoyourchild.Theseincludeextrawork,lackofsleep,andthingslikemobiledevices.Someexpertsareconcernedabouttheeffectsthatthesethingstriggeroffonemotionalbondingandchildren’slanguagedevelopment,socialinteraction,andsafety.(現(xiàn)代生活中充滿了會影響你對孩子敏感和反應(yīng)能力的事情。其中包括額外的工作、睡眠不足以及移動設(shè)備等。一些專家擔心這些事情會對情感紐帶、兒童語言發(fā)展、社交和安全triggeroff影響。)”可知，本段主要講述了影響父母理解、體恤孩子并積極回應(yīng)孩子能力的事物及其所引發(fā)的后果。劃線詞所在句為定語從句，意為“這些事物所產(chǎn)生的影響”，修飾effects，由此可推知，畫線短語與A項“setoff(引起)”意思相近。故選A。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段“Parentsneedtobegoodself-regulators.You’renotonlytryingtoregulateyourownemotionsinthemoment,buthelpingyourchildlearntomanagetheiremotionsandbehavior.Itcanbetoughtorespondtoyourkidswithsensitivityduringtantrums(精神痛苦),arguments,orotherchallengingtimes.(父母需要成為良好的自我調(diào)節(jié)者。你不僅試圖在當下調(diào)節(jié)自己的情緒，還幫助孩子學(xué)會管理自己的情緒和行為。在孩子發(fā)脾氣、爭吵或其他具有挑戰(zhàn)性的時候，你很難以敏感的態(tài)度回應(yīng)他們。)”可知，在第4段中，Metzler認為對孩子們做出敏感的回應(yīng)很困難，這是因為父母在這些時候不僅要自我調(diào)節(jié)情緒，還要幫助孩子學(xué)會管控情緒和行為。故選D。14．主旨大意題。本文首段和第二段提出了現(xiàn)代生活中的一些事物會影響父母與孩子建立密切的聯(lián)系并回應(yīng)孩子，以及由此而引發(fā)的對孩子的負面影響；第三段講述了孩子的成長過程中需要父母的陪伴與認同；第四段講述了孩子在情緒和行為方面會效仿父母以及父母應(yīng)當避免負面的情緒和行為被孩子效仿；末段講述了父母還應(yīng)教會孩子解決實際問題的技能。由此可知，文章主要講了父母應(yīng)該與孩子互動，并積極回應(yīng)他們。故選C。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Askidsbecomebetteratmanagingtheirfeelingsandbehavior,it’simportanttohelpthemdevelopcopingskills,likeactiveproblemsolving.Suchskillscanhelpthemfeelconfidentinhandlingwhatcomestheirway.(隨著孩子們越來越善于管理自己的情緒和行為，幫助他們發(fā)展應(yīng)對技能是很重要的，比如積極主動地解決問題。這樣的技能可以幫助他們在處理自己面臨的問題時感到自信。)”可知，此處講述了父母幫助孩子發(fā)展解決問題的技能很重要，由此可推測，作者接下來會談及如何培養(yǎng)孩子解決實際問題的技能。故選B。,2，【2023屆海南省海南中學(xué)、海口一中、文呂中學(xué)、嘉積中學(xué)高三4月聯(lián)考】EverytimeIstareattherowsofjarsfilledwithmyparents’homemadetomatosauce,Iwonder:“ShouldIreallyuseone?”Ihavebeenkeepingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindalternatives,nothingcompares.Store-boughtsauce?Itjustdoesn’ttasteright.EvenifItrytorecreateit,itwillnevertastethesame.Whilegrowingup,Ihatedthetomatoseason.MyparentswouldusethebasementtoripenthetomatoestheyhadcollectedlocallyinSeptember.LiketheotherItalianfamiliesinthearea,wewouldthentakethemtothegaragewhentheywereripeenough.Theretheywerecleanedandboiled.Havingbeenstewed(燉),wholetomatoeswerepassedthroughmyfather’shomemademachinetoseparatethesaucefromtheskins.Jarsattheready,wefilledthemwithsauceandseasoning.Thejarswouldbehotforafewdays,sealedtokeeptheirownheat.Theywouldthenbelinedupandreadytouse.Thistraditionwashardtocarryonwhenmyfathergotill.Afterbeingdiagnosedwithcancerin2019,hespentmostofhistimeinhospital.InSeptemberthatyearhecamehome,andontheweekendwedecidedtocontinuethetradition.Ihavegloriousmemoriesofthatdayasweonceagainmadethesauce.Itwasabeautifulbutshort-livedmoment.Myfatherdiedsoonafter.Ican’tkeepthesejarsforever.Butitdoesn’tmakeitanyeasiertoopenone.EverytimeIgotoreachforone,somethingstopsme.Mymother,everpractical,isvisitingusrecentlyandjuststaresatthem.“Youshouldusetheseortheywillgotowaste.”Whatwillitfeelliketousethatlastjar?Itwouldmeantheendofanera.Whoknows?Maybeit’stimetobringnewtraditionsintolife.4．Whatstopstheauthorfromusingthetomatosauce?A．Ithasgonebad. B．Hedoesn’tliketomatosauceC．Hevaluesittoomuch. D．Hekeepsitforfutureuse.5．WhatdoPara.3andPara.4mainlytalkabout?A．Thetomatoharvest. B．Thehomemademachine.C．Thefruitfultomatoseason. D．Themakingoftomatosauce.6．Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydonext?A．Openonejar. B．Keepthejars.C．Collecttomatoes. D．Maketomatosauce7．Whichofthefollowingcandescribetheauthor?A．Practical. B．Faithful. C．Affectionate. D．Sensitive.【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．C【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者家庭每年自制番茄醬的傳統(tǒng)在父親去世后就很難繼續(xù)保持了，作者意識到是時候給生活引入新的傳統(tǒng)了。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Ihavebeenkeepingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.(我一直把這些罐子當作珍貴的寶貝保管著。)”可知，阻止作者使用番茄醬的是作者太看重它了。故選C。5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“LiketheotherItalianfamiliesinthearea,wewouldthentakethemtothegaragewhentheywereripeenough.Theretheywerecleanedandboiled.(和這個地區(qū)的其他意大利家庭一樣，我們會在它們成熟的時候把它們送到車庫。在那里他們被清洗和煮。)”和第四段的“Havingbeenstewed(燉)，wholetomatoeswerepassedthroughmyfather’shomemademachinetoseparatethesaucefromtheskins.Jarsattheready,wefilledthemwithsauceandseasoning.Thejarswouldbehotforafewdays,sealedtokeeptheirownheat.Theywouldthenbelinedupandreadytouse.(燉好之后，整個番茄經(jīng)過父親自制的機器，把醬汁和外皮分開。罐子準備好了，我們往里面裝滿了醬汁和調(diào)料。罐子會熱幾天，密封以保持自身的熱量。然后將它們排列好，準備使用。)”可知，第3段和第4段主要講的是番茄醬的制作，故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Youshouldusetheseortheywillgotowaste.(你應(yīng)該用這些，否則就浪費了。)”和最后一段的“Whatwillitfeelliketousethatlastjar?Itwouldmeantheendofanera.Whoknows?Maybeit’stimetobringnewtraditionsintolife.(用完最后一罐會是什么感覺？這將意味著一個時代的終結(jié)。誰知道呢？也許是時候把新的傳統(tǒng)引入生活了。)”可知，作者接下來最有可能做的是打開一個罐子。故選A。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Ihavebeenkeepingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindalternatives,nothingcompares.(我一直把這些罐子當作珍貴的寶貝保管著。無論我如何努力尋找替代方案，都無法與之相比。)”可知，作者對父親做的番茄醬飽含深情，因此可以用affectionate來描述作者，故選C。3.【2023屆廣東省六校聯(lián)盟高三第六次聯(lián)考】ForLydiaKoniordou,afamousGreekactressandformerGreekministerofcultureandsports,culturalpreservationisessentialtohelppeopleknowwhotheyareandlearnwhattheyshoulddointhefuture.“Thetalleryouwanttogrow,thedeeperyourrootsmustbe.Ourculturalpastisourroots.Ifwedon’thavereallystrongrootsanddepthinourperception(認識)ofouridentity,wecannotgrow.Withouttheseroots,wewillbetornoutveryeasilywiththecurrents,”shetoldthejournalistinarecentinterview,addingculturalheritageisinfactverymuchaliveandrelevanttoday.Speakingofherteachingexperienceoverseas,KoniordousaidshewasverymuchimpressedbyherChinesestudentswhenshegaveseminarsonancientGreektragedyattheShanghaiTheatreAcademyin2014.WhenthestudentsworkedonAlcestis,anAtheniantragedybyancientGreekplaywrightEuripides,theythoroughlyresearchedthecostumestheywouldwear,theset,andthelights,amongothers,sherecalled.“IfeeltheyevolvedandweretransformedbythisexperienceasIwastransformed.Theydidnotjustplayarole,butcreatedawholeworldandthatiswhytheproductionhadsomuchinterestalsoforthespectators,”shesaid.KoniordouparticipatedintheproductionofEuripidesElectratogetherwithGreekdirectorKostasTsianos.“TsianosdidsomethingveryimportantforGreekculture.Heconnectedfolkformsofart,folkdances,songsandpoetrywithourclassicalpast.Wepresentedthisperformanceinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,andthefeelingthatitstirredintheaudiencewasquitesimilar,eventhoughtheydidn’talwaysunderstandthelanguage,”shesaid.TheChinesecivilizationisahugetreewithverydeeproots,andGreecealsohasarichancientcivilization,shesaid,addingshebelievesthatthetwocountriescouldpromotecooperationandexchangesinmanyfields,suchasinpreservationofantiques.4．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Theimportanceofculturalpreservation. B．Culturalheritageiseasilydamaged.C．Thetallergrowthwantsthedeeperroots. D．Weareeasilytornoutwiththecurrents.5．WhatdidKoniordoudoinShanghai?A．Sheplayedaroleandwaslovedbythespectators.B．Sheresearchedthecostumes,theset,andthelights.C．ShestudiedtheartofChineseperformanceasastudent.D．Shepromotedthestudents’understandingofGreekculture.6．WhydidKoniordoucooperatewithKostasTsianos?A．ToindicateherfriendshipwithTsianos.B．ToacknowledgeTsianosin’scontributions.C．TopopularizeandpromotetraditionalGreekculture.D．TointroducetheachievementofTsianosininpresentingclassics.7．Whatwillthetextprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingpart?A．CulturalpreservationinChina. B．Thewaytopreserveculturalheritage.C．TheintroductionofotherGreekartproductions. D．CooperationbetweenChineseandGreekculture.【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了對于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長LydiaKoniordou對于希臘文化保護和傳播所作的貢獻以及她希望中國和希臘兩國可以促進多領(lǐng)域合作與交流的事情。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ForLydiaKoniordou,afamousGreekactressandformerGreekministerofcultureandsports,culturalpreservationisessentialtohelppeopleknowwhotheyareandlearnwhattheyshoulddointhefuture.(對于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長LydiaKoniordou來說，文化保護對于幫助人們了解自己和學(xué)習(xí)未來應(yīng)該做什么至關(guān)重要)”以及第二段“Ourculturalpastisourroots.Ifwedon’thavereallystrongrootsanddepthinourperceptionofouridentity,wecannotgrow.Withouttheseroots,wewillbetornoutveryeasilywiththecurrents(我們的文化歷史是我們的根源。如果我們對自己的身份認知沒有真正牢固的根基和深度，我們就無法成長。如果沒有這些根，我們將很容易被潮流撕裂)”可知，Koniordou認為文化是一個國家的根基，沒有這些根基我們就不能發(fā)展和成長，說明保護文化的重要性。故選A。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenthestudentsworkedonAlcestis,anAtheniantragedybyancientGreekplaywrightEuripides,theythoroughlyresearchedthecostumestheywouldbewearing,theset,andthelights,amongothers,sherecalled.“IfeeltheyevolvedandweretransformedbythisexperienceasIwastransformed.Theydidnotjustplayarole,butcreatedawholeworldandthatiswhytheproductionhadsomuchinterestalsoforthespectators,”shesaid.(她回憶道，當學(xué)生們創(chuàng)作古希臘劇作家歐里庇得斯的雅典悲劇《阿爾克西斯》時，他們徹底研究了他們將要穿的服裝、布景和燈光等。她說：“我覺得他們在進化，在我被改造的過程中他們也被這段經(jīng)歷所改造。他們不僅發(fā)揮了作用，還創(chuàng)造了一個完整的世界，這就是為什么觀眾對這部作品如此感興趣的原因?！?”可知，Koniordou幫助學(xué)生理解希臘戲劇，說明她促進了學(xué)生對希臘文化的理解。故選D項。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““TsianosdidsomethingveryimportantforGreekculture.Heconnectedfolkformsofart,folkdances,songsandpoetrywithourclassicalpast.Wepresentedthisperformanceinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,andthefeelingthatitstirredintheaudiencewasquitesimilar,eventhoughtheydidn’talwaysunderstandthelanguage,”shesaid.(“齊亞諾斯為希臘文化做了一件非常重要的事情。他將民間藝術(shù)形式、民間舞蹈、歌曲和詩歌與我們的古典歷史聯(lián)系在一起。我們在世界各地舉辦了這場演出，觀眾的感受非常相似，盡管他們并不總是懂希臘語，”她說)”可知，Koniordou和科斯塔斯·齊亞諾斯合作是為了普及和弘揚希臘傳統(tǒng)文化。故選C項。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“TheChinesecivilizationisahugetreewithverydeeproots,andGreecealsohasarichancientcivilization,shesaid,addingshebelievesthatthetwocountriescouldpromotecooperationandexchangesinmanyfields,suchasinpreservationofantiques.(她說，中國文明是一棵有著深厚根基的大樹，希臘也有著豐富的古代文明。她補充說，她相信兩國可以促進許多領(lǐng)域的合作與交流，比如古董保護)”可推斷出接下來可能會談到的是中國和希臘文化之間的合作。故選D項。4.【河北省邯鄲市十校2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考】Restrictingmealstoearlyinthedaydidnotaffectweightamongoverweightadultswithprediabetesordiabetes,accordingtoresearchpresentedattheAmericanHeartAssociation’sScientificSessions2020.“Wehavewonderedforalongtimeifwhenoneeatsduringthedayaffectsthewaythebody