2018年北京市高考英語試卷（機考無聽力）

2018年北京市高考英語試卷（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分）第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain._________,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smore B.That’stosayC.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot答案是D.1.—Hi,I’mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I’mBob.Ijust_________onMonday.A.start B.havestarted C.started D.hadstarted2._________wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.A.Although B.While C.If D.Until3._________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperienceA.Travel B.Traveling C.Havingtraveled D.Traveled4.Susanhadquitherwellpaidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.A.isworking B.wasworking C.hasworked D.hadworked5.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.A.which B.who C.as D.that6.DuringtheMidAutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether_________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.A.share B.toshare C.havingshared D.shared7.China’shighspeedrailways_________from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.A.aregrowing B.havegrown C.willgrow D.hadgrown8.Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________thebuttonandahighlytrainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.A.press B.topress C.pressing D.pressed9.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________inthemountainsfortwodays.A.aretrapping B.havebeentrapped C.weretrapping D.hadbeentrapped10.Ordinarysoap,_________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.A.used B.touse C.using D.use11.Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbe_________wearenow.A.how B.when C.where D.why12.Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforapany.A.need B.should C.can D.must13.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________afewmorekilometers.A.drove B.woulddrive C.weretodrive D.haddriven14.—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee’soffice.—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointment_________nextWednesdayafternoon.A.for B.on C.in D.at15.Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.A.how B.which C.that D.what第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。TheHomelessHeroFormany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incashwouldbeasource（來源）oftemptation（誘惑）.Butthe16wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith17moreremarkable.Afterspottinga18onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe19toreturn.Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he20insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact（聯(lián)系）thedriver,onlyto21itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter22anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar’sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth￡35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere23tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas24.ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis25.Mr.Andersonsaid:“Icouldn’tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight26hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand27hedidn’ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers28.It’sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare29guysoutthere.”Mr.Smith’sact30muchofthepublic’sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson31abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto32moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.“Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown33himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghiminthestreet;he’shadjob34andallsorts,”Mr.Andersonmented.ForMr.Smith,thisisapossiblelifechanging35.Thestoryonceagaintellsusthatonegoodturndeservesanother.16.A.hope B.aim C.urge D.effort17.A.still B.even C.ever D.once18.A.wallet B.bag C.box D.parcel19.A.partner B.colleague C.owner D.policeman20.A.turned B.hid C.stepped D.reached21.A.discover B.collect C.check D.believe22.A.taking B.leaving C.reading D.writing23.A.satisfied B.excited C.amused D.shocked24.A.safe B.missing C.found D.seen25.A.service B.support C.kindness D.encouragement26.A.when B.if C.where D.because27.A.rather B.yet C.already D.just28.A.too B.though C.again D.instead29.A.honest B.polite C.rich D.generous30.A.gave B.paid C.cast D.drew31.A.learned B.posted C.cared D.heard32.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.earn33.A.of B.at C.for D.in34.A.details B.changes C.offers D.applications35.A.lesson B.adventure C.chance D.challenge第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，40分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMyFirstMarathon（馬拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn’tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas“notathletic”.TheideathatIwas“notathletic”stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutpetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn’tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋帶)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3,Ipassedasign:“GOFORIT,RUNNERS!”Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標簽),Icannowcallmyselfa“marathonwinner”.36.

A

month

before

the

marathon,

the

author____________.A.

was

well

trained B.

felt

scaredC.

made

up

his

mind

to

run D.

lost

hope37.

Why

did

the

author

mention

the

P.E.

class

in

his

7th

year?A.

To

acknowledge

the

support

of

his

teacher.B.

To

amuse

the

readers

with

a

funny

story.C.

To

show

he

was

not

talented

in

sports.D.

To

share

a

precious

memory.38.

How

was

the

author’s

first

marathon?A.

He

made

it. B.

He

quit

halfway.C.

He

got

the

first

prize. D.

He

walked

to

the

end.39.

What

does

the

story

mainly

tell

us?A.

A

man

owes

his

success

to

his

family

support.B.

A

winner

is

one

with

a

great

effort

of

will.C.

Failure

is

the

mother

of

success.D.

One

is

never

too

old

to

learn.BFindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)CenterIfyou’relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhandsontasksandlotsoffun.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theyetocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithrealworldapplicationsforwhatthey’restudyingintheclassroom.Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(榮譽徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模擬)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(駕駛艙)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwaterandlandsurvivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof“downed”pilot.Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineat.40.WhydopeopleetoSAC?A.Toexperienceadventures.B.Tolookforjobsinaviation.C.Togetadegreeinengineering.D.Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.41.ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto.A.flytospaceB.getanAviationbadgefirstC.studytheprinciplesofflightD.buildandfiremodelrockets42.Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?A.Leadership. B.Teamspirit.C.Taskplanning. D.Survivalskills.CPlasticEatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonamercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,coauthorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Waxisaplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarboncarbonbond,isthereaswell,”sheexplains,“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.”43.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.44.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB.findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC.confirmtheresearchfindingsD.increasethebreakdownspeed45.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A.helptoraisewormsB.helpmakeplasticbagsC.beusedtocleantheoceansD.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture46.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepecobalance.DPreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofselfdrivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist’sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforpaniestotesttrulyselfdrivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforpaniestosellorrentoutselfdrivingcars,andforpaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn’tleadingthewayhere.panieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It’shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowselfdrivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualselfdrivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheselfdrivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinridehailing(叫車)services.AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrolpoweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,selfdrivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstmerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyridehailingservices,consideringthecostofselfdrivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(責(zé)任與維護問題).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebeefortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn’textendtheworstaspectsofthecarcontrolledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Theingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureising.Wejusthavetoplanforit.47.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A.helpdealwithtransportationrelatedproblemsB.providebetterservicestocustomersC.causedamagetoourenvironmentD.makesomepeoplelosejobs48.Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor’smajorconcern?A.Safety. B.Sideeffects.C.Affordability. D.Management.49.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fielded”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Employed. B.Replaced.C.Shared. D.Reduced.50.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofselfdrivingcars?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Disapproving. D.Sympathetic.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhyDoWeGetAngry?Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering（觸發(fā)）events,personalitytraits（特征）,andourassessmentofsituations.51Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.____52____Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone’spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithpetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.53Also,sometimespreangerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.54Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbeesourcesofpreanger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消極的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.55However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbyprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepreangerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，35分)第一節(jié)(15分)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國文化感興趣，計劃明年來北京上大學(xué)。他向你咨詢相關(guān)信息。請給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.推薦他上哪所大學(xué)；3.建議他做哪些準備工作。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(20分)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記述你們上周接待外國學(xué)生，帶領(lǐng)他們體驗中國茶文化的全過程。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。2018年北京市高考英語試卷參考答案第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A9.D 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.D第二節(jié)完形填空16.C 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D 21.A 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.C26.A 27.B 28.D 29.A 30.D 31.B 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.C第二部分閱讀理解36.C 37.C 38.A 39.B 40.A 41.D 42.B 43.C 44.B 45.D46.C 47.A 48.D 49.A 50.B 51.F 52.G 53.E 54.A 55.D第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）DearJim,I’msogladtohearyourfutureeducationplaninBeijinginyourlastletter.FirstIwouldliketoexpressmywarmestweletoyouandIamsureyouwillhavethemostunforgettableexperienceduringyourcollegeinBeijing.LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.ItsChineseLiteraturemajorisperfectforyouwhereyoucanbepletelysoakedinChineseprofoundhistoryandrichculture.Asforpreparation,somereadinginadvanceinneededlikeTheStoryoftheStonewhilesomeonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutoadaptintotheChineselanguageenvironment.Isincerelyhopeyourdreamwilletrueandit’smypleasuretoshowyouaroundinBeijingwhenthatdayes.Ifyouhavefurtherquestions,pleasefeelfreetoletmeknow.Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（20分）Lastweek,wetooktheforeignstudentsinourschooltoexperiencetheauthenticteaculture,whichturnedoutbetoextremelyrewarding.Onarrivingattheteahouse,theforeignstudentswereimpressedbytheuniqueteapotsandteacups.Igavethemavividandinformativeintroductionofteaculture,includingitsprofoundhistory,itsrichvariety,andtheexquisitecraftsmanshipofmakingteawiththeirinterestgreatlysparked,Ithenbegantoteachthemhowtomaketea.Inordertodeliveraclearpresentation,Islowlyexplainedthetraditionalprocedureofmakingteaindetail.Absorbedineverymoveofmine,theforeignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniquecultureandtheycouldn’thelptakingpicturesfromtimetotime.NextcamethemomentwhenIaskedthemtohaveatrythemselves.Washingtheteapots,addingtealeaves,andpouringwaterintothecups,theyfollowedmyinstructionsandwerereallyimmersedincharmingteaculture.Theteahousewitnessedareallyenjoyabletimeforallofus.Attheendoftheactivity,holdingtheteabagsinourhands,wetookapicturetomemorizetheunforgettableday.Itsuddenlyhitmethattraditionalcultureliketeaculturewasofgreatcharmandhugevalue.AndIswelledwithpridetospreadourownculturetopeopleallovertheworld.2018年北京市高考英語試卷（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分）參考答案與試題解析第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain._________,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smore B.That’stosayC.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot答案是D.1.—Hi,I’mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I’mBob.Ijust_________onMonday.A.start B.havestarted C.started D.hadstarted【考點】E2：一般過去時．【分析】—嗨，我是皮特．你是新來的嗎？我之前沒見過你．—嗨，皮特，我是鮑勃．我星期一剛來的．【解答】答案：C．本題考查一般過去時．根據(jù)對話，可知鮑勃之前確實不在這個地方上班，再結(jié)合時間狀語just，說明他是星期一剛剛來上班的，應(yīng)該使用一般過去時，表明他的到來發(fā)生在過去．故選：C．【點評】本題考查一般過去時．解答該類試題主要觀察題干中的對話或者是時間狀語或者是隱含信息，表示發(fā)生在過去的某一動作即為正確答案．2._________wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.A.Although B.While C.If D.Until【考點】92：從屬連詞．【分析】如果我們不能阻止氣候變化，世界上的許多動植物就會消失．【解答】考查從屬連詞的用法．a(chǎn)lthough"盡管，雖然"，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句．while表示"當(dāng)……的時候"，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；意為"盡管、雖然"，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句．if"如果"，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句．until"直到"，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句．分析可知前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的"條件"關(guān)系．句意：如果我們不能阻止氣候變化，世界上的許多動植物就會消失．故選：C．【點評】本題考查從屬連詞的用法．連詞的用法辨析，要注意分析主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，再確定相應(yīng)的連詞，同時注意不同的連詞的語義及用法區(qū)別．3._________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperienceA.Travel B.Traveling C.Havingtraveled D.Traveled【考點】B6：動名詞．【分析】沿著古老的絲綢之路旅行是一種有趣而且有益的經(jīng)歷．【解答】考查動名詞．分析可知"__alongtheoldSilkRoad"在句中做主語，句子主干是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)．travel是動詞原形，不能在句中做主語，可排除A；havingdone是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，它表示主動的動作，并且動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，常常作狀語來修飾動詞，可排除C．done是過去分詞，在句中通常做定語或狀語，不能夠在句中做主語．無論作狀語或作定語，都表示被動的動作，也可以表示已經(jīng)完成的動作．可排除D．故選：B．【點評】動名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、定語，但是不能作補語．動名詞作主語，謂語動詞一般用單三形式動名詞作主語，在動詞的基礎(chǔ)上加ing，使該動詞或動詞短語，有名詞的各種特征，可作名詞靈活使用．如：Itisnouse/nogoodcryingoverspiltmilk．覆水難收Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus．勸說這樣的人加入真是浪費時間．Itwashardgettingonthecrowdedstreetcar．上這種擁擠的車真難．Itisfunplayingwithchildren．和孩子們一起玩真好．Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters．對這種事情不是開玩笑．4.Susanhadquitherwellpaidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.A.isworking B.wasworking C.hasworked D.hadworked【考點】E5：過去進行時．【分析】當(dāng)我去年去看Susan的時候，她以及辭去了她的高薪工作在當(dāng)?shù)刈銎鹆酥驹刚吖ぷ鳎窘獯稹看鸢福築．本題考查過去進行時，即某一動作在過去的某一時刻正在發(fā)生．根據(jù)句意，去年"我"去拜訪Susan的時候她已經(jīng)辭去了高薪職業(yè)，正在附件社區(qū)從事著志愿者工作，使用過去進行時：wasdoingsth．故選：B．【點評】本題考查過去進行時，解答該類試題應(yīng)注意分析句中的時間狀語和句子主語的關(guān)系，再結(jié)合選項，即可選出正確答案．5.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.A.which B.who C.as D.that 【考點】59：關(guān)系代詞；H2：非限制性定語從句．【分析】她和她的家人都是騎自行車去上班，這使得他們能保持健康．【解答】本題考查非限制性定語從句．本復(fù)合句中，主句為Sheandherfamilybicycletowork，而非限制定語從句中缺少主語，因為是非限制性定語從句，故不能使用that，關(guān)系代詞who是用來替代人，在此不符合句意；as可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，但是常位于句首．which在從句中引導(dǎo)定語從句作主語，替代前面整個主句的內(nèi)容，即：每天和家人騎車上班的行為能促使他們保持身體健康．故選：A．【點評】本題考查定語從句．解答該類試題一定要分析題干，分析句子成分再結(jié)合選項特點，進行答案的選擇．6.DuringtheMidAutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether_________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.A.share B.toshare C.havingshared D.shared【考點】BA：不定式．【分析】在中秋節(jié)期間，家庭成員時常聚在一起吃飯，欣賞月亮和享受月餅．【解答】考查動詞不定式．此處用動詞不定式表示目的，作目的狀語．故選B項．其它三項不符合語境．故選：B．【點評】英語中的動名詞是由動詞變化而來，動詞ing形式的一種，兼有動詞和名詞特征的非限定動詞．它可以支配賓語，也能被副詞修飾．動名詞有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化．另一方面動名詞在句子的用法及功能與名詞類同：在句子可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語．它也可以被副詞修飾或者用來支配賓語．7.China’shighspeedrailways_________from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.A.aregrowing B.havegrown C.willgrow D.hadgrown【考點】E8：現(xiàn)在完成時．【分析】在過去的幾年中國的高速公路已經(jīng)從9000公里發(fā)展到25000公里．【解答】句中的時間狀語是"inthepastfewyears"，這類的時間狀語，句子一般都用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時．故選：B．【點評】常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語有：since…，for+段時間，inthepastfewyears/weeks等．8.Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________thebuttonandahighlytrainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.A.press B.topress C.pressing D.pressed【考點】G9：祈使句．【分析】在任何不安全的情況下，只要按下按鈕，訓(xùn)練有素的助理就會讓你得到需要的幫助．【解答】考查祈使句．分析句子可知，此處考查的是祈使句+and/or+簡單句，根據(jù)句意可知，此處使用動詞原形press．故選：A．【點評】對于這種類型的題目需要根據(jù)語境及相關(guān)的語法知識選出正確答案，需要考生多積累和總結(jié)．9.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________inthemountainsfortwodays.A.aretrapping B.havebeentrapped C.weretrapping D.hadbeentrapped【考點】F5：過去完成時的被動語態(tài)．【分析】一名救援人員冒著生命危險救了兩個被困在山上兩天的游客．【解答】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)．根據(jù)句中risked可知，事情是發(fā)生在過去，游客被困是發(fā)生在"冒險救援"之前，用過去完成時，即"過去的過去"，trap為及物動詞，游客是被困的，應(yīng)該使用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)．故選：D．【點評】對于這種類型的題目需要根據(jù)語境及相關(guān)的語法知識選出正確答案，需要考生多積累和總結(jié)．10.Ordinarysoap,_________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.A.used B.touse C.using D.use【考點】BB：過去分詞．【分析】普通的肥皂恰當(dāng)?shù)乇皇褂媚苡行У厍謇砑毦窘獯稹勘揪渲袃蓚€逗號隔開的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是對"ordinarysoap"作補充說明，肥皂和使用是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞used．故選：A．【點評】考查分詞形式主要看改動詞與被修飾的名詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系，一般用過去分詞形式表示被動關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動關(guān)系．11.Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbe_________wearenow.A.how B.when C.where D.why【考點】79：連接副詞；HD：表語從句．【分析】沒有他的支持，我們就不會到我們現(xiàn)在的這個位置．【解答】考查表語從句．分析句子可知，be動詞的后面應(yīng)該是表語從句，根據(jù)句意：沒有他的支持，我們就不會到我們現(xiàn)在的這個位置，可知應(yīng)該使用where"在哪里"，而how"如何"，when"何時"，why"為什么"，不符合句意．故選：C．【點評】對于這種類型的題目需要根據(jù)語境及相關(guān)的語法知識選出正確答案，需要考生多積累和總結(jié)．12.Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata______