山東省2021屆高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)聯(lián)考（四）英語試題（含聽力）詳解

2021屆高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)聯(lián)考（四）新高考卷

英語試卷

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號

涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，

將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

考試時間120分鐘，滿分150分

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀

下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Atdinnertime.B.Atlunchtime.C.Atbreakfasttime.

【答案】C

【原文】W：Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?

M：No,thanks.Thepancakesandbaconhereareverytasty.Agoodstartoftheday.

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

What'sthemandoing?

A.Enjoyingmusic.B.Cleaningtheroom.C.Writingapaper.

【答案】A

【原文】W：Writingthepapersintheroommakeseverybodytiredout.

M：Yeah,itdoes.ThafswhyIcameheretolistentosomemusic.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Howmuchdoesthemanpayforthejewelry?

A.$30.B.$27,C.$24.

【答案】C

【原文】W：Hello.Doyoulikethisjewelry?Imademostoftheseitemsmyself.Andthey5reon

specialsalethesedays.Youcanhavethegreenat10%offtheregularpriceof$30.

M：It'snice,butstilltooexpensive.Canyougivemea20%discount?

W：That'sadeal.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whydoesthemanthinkhelooksdifferentnow?

A.Becausehelostweight.B.Becausehegotolder.C.Becausehehada

haircut.

【答案】A

【原文】W：YourphotoIDdoesn'tlooklikeyou.

M：That'sbecauseI'velosttenkilossinceitwastaken.

W：Oh!Ithoughtitwasyourhaircutthatmadeyoulookdifferent.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Customerandrepairman.

B.Policemananddriver.

C.Employerandemployee.

【答案】B

【原文】M：Madam,I'mgoingtoletyouoffwithawarningthistime.Butyouneedtogetyour

carwindowfixed.Nexttime,Iwillhavetogiveyouaticket.

W：Oh,thankyou,officer.Ipromiseitwon'thappenagain.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題,

每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6.Whichpartofthenewdesigndoesthewomanlike?

A.Theredwalls.B.Thediningroom.C.Thenewfloor.

7.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Haveameal.B.Repairthepiano.C.Listentolive

music.

【答案】6.C7.A

［原文】W：It9sjustlikeoldtimes.Theplacelooksreallydifferent.

M：Theygaveitanewlook.Whatdoyouthink?

W：Theblackandwhitefloorisreallynice.ButImissthepianobythefrontentrance.

M：ThepianoisstillhereTheygotitrepairedandmoveditintothediningroom.There'sajazz

performanceeverySaturdaynow.

W：Oh,cool!We511havetocomeback.IhavetosayIlovetheolddesign,withtheredwalls.

Andlivemusicisagreataddition.

M：Let'sseeifthefoodisjustasgoodnowasitwasthen.Whatareyougoingtoorde匚

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

8.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Saturday.B.Thursday.C.Wednesday.

9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?

A.$780.B.$520.C.$260.

【答案】8.C9.A

【原文】M：Excuseme,madam.ArethereplaneticketstoDetroitthedayaftertomorrow,Imean,

-thisFriday?

W：Justamoment,sir.Well,sorry,therearen'tanydirectflightsavailablethatday.

M：HowaboutSaturdaythen?

W：Yes,thereare.Howwouldyouliketogo,firstclassorcoach?

M：Coachwouldbefine.What'sthefare?

W：Itis260dollarsoneticket.

M：Whenwilltheflightputmethere?

W：AtsixonSundaymorning

M：Allright,riltakethree.Thankyou.What'stheflightnumber?

W：Itis301atGateTwo.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

10.WhydoesthewomangotoNewYork?

A.Towriteabook.B.Tohaveameeting.C.Toseeherfriends.

11.Whatwillthewomanbuyfortheman?

A.Localsnacks.B.Awoolenscarf.C.Abookabout

China.

12.Whowillgotomeetthewomanattheairport?

A.Themanhimself.B.Theman'swife.C.Theman'sdriver.

【答案】10.B11.A12.C

【原文】M:Hello,Tomspeaking.

W:Tom,thisisLily.IwillcometoNewYorknextFriday!

M:Really?Youkeeptellingusyouarereallybusywithyourbusinessandwritingabookabout

China.Nowsuddenlyyougetfreetimetotravel!

W:UnfortunatelyIamstillbusy.ActuallyI'llbetherebecauseIhavetoattendabusiness

conferenceinNewYork.

M:Anyhow,atleastwecanmeetagain.

W:Yes.Wehaven'tseeneachotherforages.Butdon'tworry.Icanstillrememberwhatyour

favoritefoodis.Iwilltakesomelocalsnacksforyouandawoolenscarffbryourwife.

M:Thankyouveiymuch!SheUlloveit.Letmeknowyourarrivaltimeandmydriverwillpickyou

upattheairport.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

13.Whatdoesthemanmajorin?

A.English.B.Internationalrelations.C.Publicrelations.

14.Whatdoesthemanwanttoimproveespecially?

A.Englishwriting.B.Englishgrammar.C.SpokenEnglish.

15.Whatisdifficultforthewoman?

A.Chinesecharacters.B.Chinesepronunciation.C.English

pronunciation.

16.What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Friends.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.

【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.C

【原文】M:Excuseme,doyoustudyChineseatthisuniversity?

W:Yes.Butmycharactersareverybad.

M:IttakesalongtimetolearnChinesewriting

W:AreyouChinesebybirth?

M:Yes.IamfromGuangzhou.Iamheretostudyinternationalrelations.

W:Howdoyoulikeyourmajor?

M:Ilikeitverymuch.ButmyEnglishstillneedsimprovement,especiallymywriting.

W:Well,IstudyChineseandpublicrelationshere.AndIamveryseriousaboutlearningChinese.

Butformethehardpartnowispronunciation.YouhavethefourtonesinChinese.Itisveryhard.If

youhavetime,maybewecoulddoalanguageexchange.

M:Thatsoundsgood.Wecansettlethedetailstomorrow.Thisismyaddressandphonenumber.

W:Tilgiveyouminetoo.ButI'msorry.Ihavetoleavenow.Goodbye.

M:Goodbye.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

17.WhoisJoeBrown?

A.Anorganizer.B.Aguide.C.Adirector.

18.WhatcanpeopleseeintheEntranceHall?

A.Modelsofthedinosaurs.

B.Guidebooksandpostcards.

C.Paintingsofflowersandplants.

19.Whereisthetheatre?

A.Upstairsontheleft.B.Upstairsontheright.C.Nexttothe

EntranceHall.

20.Howlongdoesthefilmlast?

A.35minutes.B.45minutes.C.55minutes.

【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.B

【原文】M:GoodmorningeveryoneandwelcometotheMuseumofNaturalHistory.I'mJoe

Brown.Beforeyoutakealookaround,letmetellyousomeofthethingswehavehereforyou.Here

intheEntranceHall,youcanseesomewonderfulpaintingsofflowersandplantsfromalloverthe

world.Upstairsontheleftisourfamousanimalexhibition.Youcanseethemodelsofyourfavorite

dinosaursandanimalssuchasthedodo.Ontheright,thereisasmalltheatrewhereyoucanwatcha

45-minutefilmaboutwhatourplanetlookedlikemillionsofyearsago.Iadviseallofyoutowatch

it.Anddon'tforgettovisitourshopbeforeyouleave.Therearesomewonderfulmodelsofanimals

andyoucanbuyT-shirts,postcardsandlotsmore!Youcanalsobuyaguidebookintheshopand

thatcostsjustonepound!We'llcloseat5:50P.m,soyou'vegotlotsoftimetoenjoyyourselves.

Nowwithoutfurtherdelay,lefsgo.

第二部分閱讀（共2節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在

答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

WHOLooksforInterns

TheWorldHealthOrganization'sInternshipProgramoffersawiderangeofopportunitiesfor

graduateandpostgraduatestudentstogaininsightinthetechnicalandadministrativeprogramsof

WHOwhileenrichingtheirknowledgeandexperienceinthehealthfield.

Whoarewelookingfor?

-Youareatleasttwentyyearsofageonthedateofapplication.

-Youareenrolled（注冊）inorhavecompletedthreeyearsoffull-timestudiesatauniversityor

anequivalent（同等學(xué)力的）institution.Applicantswhohavealreadygraduatedmayalsoqualifyfor

considerationiftheyapplytotheinternshipwithinsixmonthsaftercompletionoftheirformal

qualification.

-Youpossessafirstdegreeinapublichealth,medicalorsocialfieldrelatedtothetechnical

workofWHOoradegreeinamanagement-relatedfield.

-YouarenotrelatedtoaWHOstaffmember（e.g.,son/daughter,brother/sister,ormother

/father）.

-Youarefluentatleastinoneoftheworkinglanguagesoftheofficeofassignment.

-YouhavenotpreviouslyparticipatedinWHO'sInternshipProgram.

-YouholdavalidpassportfromaWHOMemberState.

Howtoapply?

Allapplicationsshouldbemadeforthevacancies（職位空缺）postedontheWHOCareerssite

usingtheWHOcorporaterecruitmentsystem（Stellis）.Don'tmisstheApplicationdeadlines!

September1—October15,2019foraninternshipstartingJanuary1—June30,2020

January10-February25,2020foraninternshipstartingJuly1一December31,2020

ByDecember1,WHOwminformal1selectedcandidateswhoappliedinSeptemberand

October.IfyouhavenotreceivedanymessagefromWHObyDecember12019,itmeansthatyou

havenotbeenselected.ForcandidateswhoappliedinJanuaryandFebruary2020,noinformation

byApril152020meansthatyouhavenotbeenselected.Youmayapplyagainifyouarestill

interested.

21.StudentswithafirstdegreeinthefollowingfieldsarequalifiedEXCEPT.

A.managementB.publichealth

C.clinicalmedicineD.computing

22.Howshouldstudentsmaketheapplication?

A.ByemailingaresumetotheWHO.

B.ByusingStellisontheWHOCareerssite.

C.Byparticipatinginacampusrecruitmentevent.

D.Byvisitingalocalcareerinformationwebsite.

23.Acandidatecanapplyfortheinternshipinthesecondhalfof2020on.

A.October10,2019B.February1,2020

C.December1,2019D.April15,2020

【答案】21.D22.B23.B

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。WHO招聘實習(xí)生。文章介紹了招聘實習(xí)生的具體要求和如何申請職位。

[21題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。tBiE'Youpossessafirstdegreeinapublichealth,medicalorsocialfieldrelatedto

thetechnicalworkofWHOoradegreeinamanagement-relatedfield.”（你需要擁有公共健康，

醫(yī)學(xué)或涉及WHO的技術(shù)工作社會領(lǐng)域的學(xué)士學(xué)位，或涉及管理領(lǐng)域的學(xué)士學(xué)位。）可知WHO

需要的實習(xí)生應(yīng)具有管理學(xué)士學(xué)位，公共健康學(xué)士學(xué)位或臨床醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。而不是信息處

理技術(shù)，故選D項。

【22題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。“Allapplicationsshouldbemadeforthevacancies（職位空缺）postedontheWHO

CareerssiteusingtheWHOcorporaterecruitmentsystem（Stellis）.w（所有的申請都應(yīng)該登錄WHO

職業(yè)網(wǎng)站，使用WHO公司的招聘系統(tǒng)，申請空缺的職位）所以想要申請實習(xí)職位應(yīng)該要登錄

WHO的網(wǎng)站，使用WHO公司的招聘系統(tǒng)，故選B項。

【23題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)secondhalfof2020（2020年下半年）找原文“January10—February25,

2020foraninternshipstartingJuly1—December31,2020”（2020年1月100-2020年2月

25日可以申請2020年7月1日-2020年12月31日的實習(xí)。）可知，應(yīng)聘者應(yīng)在2020年1

月10日-2020年2月25日期間找2020年下半年的實習(xí)，故選B項。

B

Lastyear,myoldestsonMatthewwentofftocollege.Thingsathomewerenotas“busy”as

theyusedtobe.Westillhadour15-year-oldsonGabrielwithus,butwemissedhavingMatthew

around.

Mywifesoonhadacrazyidea.“Let'sgetadog."shesuggested.Iwasn'texactlythrilledwith

theidea,butIagreed.Imean,whatbetterwaytoreplaceakidthathasgoneofftocollegethanto

getadog.

Whenwegottotheanimalshelter,itseemedlikeeverydogwasapitbull（比特犬）.had

manybadexperienceswithpitbullsasachild,soIdidn'twanttotakeoneofthemhomewithme.

WhileIwalkedalongtherowsandrowsofcoldmetalcages,adogcaughtmyeye.Hewas

scared,andlookedlikehe'dgivenuponlife.Therewasonlyoneproblem：hewasapitbull.

Ashelookedatmewithhisbig,beautifuleyes,Icouldseeintohissoul.Icouldseehowscared

hewasandthathejustwantedahappylife.Icouldn'tjustwalkaway—Ihadtoatleastgooverand

lookathim.Iapproachedhiscage,andhejustsatthere,lookingatme.Istuckmyfingerthrough

theholeinthecageandpettedhimonthehead.Iexpectedhimtogetmad,buthedidn't.

Iknewthatthisdoghadneverfeltlovebefore,andthathewasenjoyingeverybitofthelove

Icouldgivehiminthatmoment.TearsbegantostreamdownmyfacebecauseIfelteverythingthat

thispoorcreaturewasfeelingrightthen.Hejustwantedtobeloved；hejustwantedahomeanda

family.

It'sbeenayearsincewetookthedoghome,andourliveshavebeenchangedforever.

Now,hisfavoritethingtodoisgiveuskisseswithhisgianttongueeverymorning.Heis

alwaystheretogreetuswhenwecomehomewithahugesmile.He'sshownusmorelovethanany

otherlivingcreatureonEartheverhadbefore.AndeverytimeIlookintohiseyesIseelove,

compassion（同情）andgratitude—thingsIneverthoughtthatapitbullwascapableoffeeling.

24.Whydidtheauthor'swifewanttogetadog?

A.Becauseshelikespitpull.

B.Becauseshethoughtitwasacrazyidea.

C.Becauseshewantedthedogtoreplaceherkid.

D.Becausetheirkidwenttocollege.

25.Whichwordhasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“thrilled”？

A.Accepted.B.Excited.

C.Frightened.D.Delighted.

26.Whatwastheauthorandhiswife'slifelikewiththepitbull?

A.TheymissedhavingMatthewaroundevenmore.

B.Theyfoundithardtogetalongwithhim.

C.Theylivedalifefulloflove.

D.Theyregrettedadoptinghim.

27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?

A.Toshareawarmstoryaboutadoptingapet.

B.Tostressthebenefitsofkeepingapet.

C.Tosuggestpeoplekeepapetoftheirown.

D.Togiveadviceonhowtokeepapet.

【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A

【分析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一對夫妻在大兒子上大學(xué)之后為了排解孩子不在身邊的孤獨而

萌生了養(yǎng)狗的想法。而后發(fā)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)狗之后家庭生活發(fā)生的變化。

【詳解】1.細節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合第一段“Lastyear,myoldestsonMatthewwentofftocollege.

Thingsathomewerenotas"busy"astheyusedtobe.Westillhadour15-year-oldsonGabrielwith

us,butwemissedhavingMatthewaround.”（去年，我的大兒子Matthew去上大學(xué)了。家里

的事情不像以前那么忙了。我們還有15歲的兒子Gabriel在身邊，但我們懷念

Matthew在身邊的日子。）第二段開頭“Mywifesoonhadacrazyidea."Let'sgetadog."she

suggested.55（我妻子很快有了一個瘋狂的想法，她建議我們養(yǎng)條狗。）可知，去年大兒子上

大學(xué)后，生活沒有那么忙碌，也很思念自己的孩子，妻子才有了這個“瘋狂”的想法。故選D。

2.詞義猜測題。結(jié)合上文中“Mywifesoonhadacrazyidea?'（我的妻子很快有了個瘋狂的想

法）及下文“butlagreed.“（但是我同意了），可知，雖然我不完全對妻子的這個想法感到高

興，滿意，但還是接受了。所以此處該詞意義為：興奮，高興。。選項B符合文意。故選B。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"It'sbeenayearsincewetookthedoghome,andourliveshave

beenchangedfbrever."（我們把狗帶回家已經(jīng)一年了，我們的生活已經(jīng)徹底改變了。），最后

一段中"He'sshownusmorelovethananyotherlivingcreatureonEartheverhadbefbre.^^（他給

予我們的愛，比地球上任何生物都要多。）可以推斷，作者家的生活自從有了這條狗以后，

發(fā)生了變化，他們家庭感受到了前所未有的愛。故選C。

4.推理判斷題?？v觀全文，文章開始，作者描述從兒子上大學(xué)后妻子突發(fā)奇想去養(yǎng)狗，作者

雖然沒有像妻子那么狂熱，但還是同意養(yǎng)狗。之后作者和妻子去買狗，雖然作者本人對這種

狗（斗牛犬）有不好的印象，但是看著這只渴望被愛的斗牛犬，最終決定帶它到家里。后來

家庭生活發(fā)生了變化，感受到了很多愛。所以全文是想向大家講述一個養(yǎng)狗的暖心的故事。

選項A符合文意。故選A。

C

Roamingthemoon

Themoonmayshinewhiteaboveusmostnightsoftheyear,buthowmuchdoweknowabout

Earth'sneighborandwhatliesbeneathitssurface?Scientistsareaimingtofindout.

OnJan3.2019.China'sChang'e4spacecraftlandedonthefarsideofthemoon-afirstfor

humanity.Itreleasedasmallprobe（探測器），Yutu2,orJadeRabbit2,whichbegantosearch

beneaththemoon'ssurfaceusingLunarPenetratingRadar（探測雷達）.Theseradiosignalscan

reach40metersunderground,threetimesthedepthoftheChang'e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013

forthenearsideofthemoon,ChinaDailyreported.

InastudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances,researchersfoundthatthelunarsoil'stop

layeronthefarsideofthemoonwasmuchthickerthanexpected-about40meters.Otherscientists

onlyexpectedabout6millimetersofsoilbasedonNASAobservationsduringtheApollomoon

landings,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.

"It'safine,dusty,sandyenvironment,^saidoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,ElenaPettinelli,

aphysicsandmathematicsprofessoratRomeTreUniversity,Rome.

Yutu2isspecificallyexploringtheVonKarmancrater,alargeholethatis180kilometerswide

andalsothelandingsiteofChang'e4.It'spartofanevenlarger,oldercraterspanningmorethan1,

770kilometers.

“ThesubsurfaceattheChang'e4landingsiteisverycomplex,“saidLiChunlai,aresearch

professoranddeputydirector-generalofNationalAstronomicalObservatoriesoftheChinese

Academyofscience"'Observationssuggestthatthesurfacematerialistotallydifferentthanthe

previouslandingsiteofChang'e3."shesaid.

Radarwavesrevealedvariouslayersbeneaththemoon'ssurface：Grainy（顆粒狀的）material,

rocks,andfurtherlayersoffineandroughparticles.Thisinformationishelpingscientiststogain

newunderstandingofthemoon'shistoryandformation,aswellasvolcanicactivityandlunar

impacts.

Yutu2isthelongest-workingrover（巡視器）onthemoon,butitwon'tlastforever.Chinaplans

tolaunchtheChang'e5probelaterthisyear,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.Thespacecraftis

expectedtobringpiecesofthemoonbacktoEarthforcloserstudy.

28.WhatdoweknowabouttheChang'e4probe?

A.Itwasthefirsttolandonthemoon'snearside.

B.Itssignalscouldreach40metersbeneaththemoon'ssurface.

C.ItisthreetimesaslargeastheChang'e3lunarprobe.

D.Itexploredareasaswideas1,770kilometers.

29.Whatdoesthelunarsoil'stoplayeronthemoon'sfarsidelooklikeaccordingtothetext?

A.Itlookslikeafine,tinyandsandyenvironment.

B.Itisabout180millimeterswide.

C.Itgoesfartherdownthanexpected.

D.Itiscoveredbyhugerocksandfineandroughparticles.

30.WhatmaytheChang'e5probebeexpectedtodo?

A.ExploretheVonKarmancrater.B.ReplaceYutu2toexplorethemoon.

C.ReleaseYutu2.D.BringlunarsamplesbacktotheEarth.

31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.AreportontheChang'e4probe'sfindings.

B.AcomparisonoftheChang'e3and4probes.

C.AhistoryofChineselunarmissions.

D.HowYutu2exploredbeneaththemoon'ssurface.

【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A

【分析】

這是一篇科技說明文。2019年1月3日，中國“嫦娥四號”飛船登陸月球背面，這是

人類首次登陸月球背面。它釋放了一個名為“玉兔2號”的小型探測器，開始使用探月雷達

在月球表面下搜索。文章主要是關(guān)于嫦娥四號探測器發(fā)現(xiàn)的報告，文章就月球上的環(huán)境進行

了說明，還介紹了此次探測的一些發(fā)現(xiàn)。

【詳解】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theseradiosignalscanreach40metersunderground,

threetimesthedepthoftheChang'e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon,

ChinaDailyreported.”可知據(jù)《中國日報》報道，這些無線電信號可以到達地下40米，是2013

年發(fā)射的嫦娥三號月球探測器深度的三倍。由此可知，嫦娥四號探測器的信號可以到達月球

表面下40米。故選Bo

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InastudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances,researchers

foundthatthelunarsoiTstoplayeronthefarsideofthemoonwasmuchthickerthanexpected

about40meters.”可知在一項發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進展》雜志上的研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)月球背面

的表層土壤比預(yù)期的要厚大約40米。由此可知，月球遠側(cè)的表層土壤比預(yù)期的更深。故選

Co

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Yutu2isthelongest-workingroveronthemoon,butitwon't

lastforever.ChinaplanstolaunchtheChang'e5probelaterthisyear,XinhuaNewsAgency

reported.ThespacecraftisexpectedtobringpiecesofthemoonbacktoEarthfor

closerstudy”可知“玉兔2號”是月球上工作時間最長的月球車，但它不會永遠使用下去。據(jù)

新華社報道，中國計劃在今年晚些時候發(fā)射嫦娥5號探測器。宇宙飛船預(yù)計將把月球的碎片

帶回地球，進行更深入的研究。由此可推知，嫦娥5號探測器預(yù)計將把月球的碎片帶回地球

取代玉兔2號去探索月球。故選D。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“OnJan3,2019,China'sChang'e4spacecraftlandedonthefarside

ofthemoon-afirstforhumanity.Itreleasedasmallprobe,Yutu2,orJadeRabbit2,whichbegan

tosearchbeneaththemoon'ssurfaceusingLunarPenetratingRadar.Theseradio

signalscanreach40metersunderground,threetimesthedepthoftheChang'e3lunarprobe

launchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon,ChinaDailyreported.”可知2019年1月3日，中

國“嫦娥四號”飛船登陸月球背面，這是人類首次登陸月球背面。它釋放了一個名為“玉兔2

號”的小型探測器，開始使用探月雷達在月球表面下搜索。據(jù)《中國日報》報道，這些無線

電信號可以到達地下40米，是2013年發(fā)射的嫦娥三號月球探測器深度的三倍。結(jié)合文章主

要是關(guān)于嫦娥四號探測器發(fā)現(xiàn)的報告，文章就月球上的環(huán)境進行了說明，還介紹了此次探測

的一些發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于嫦娥四號探測器發(fā)現(xiàn)的報告。故選A。

D

BattlingPerfectionism

WhenBenjaminCherkasywasineighthgrade,hequittheswimteam.Itwasnotbecausehe

lackedthepassion；hejustcouldn'tacceptfailuresinmatches.'TmnotMichaelPhelps,whyam

Ievenontheteam?,,hesaid.

AUStherapisl（治療專家）whoresearchesperfectionismatNorthwesternUniversityrealized

yearslaterwhathadhappened.Cherkasy'sperfectionismwascreatingunrealisticstandards.Unable

tomeetthem,hequit.

“Myperfectionismbroughtaboutveryhighexpectations,andthatcausedrealsuffering,“he

said.

Cherkasyisnotaloneinfeelingthatperfectionismcancauseanxiety.Somanymillennials（T*

禧一代）sufferfromtheillsofperfectionismthatpsychologistsareissuingwarningsandschoolsare

emphasizingtheneedtoacceptfailure.

Northwesternhadheldseveralseminarsthatofferedtipsonhowstudentscoulddealwitha

perfectionismproblem.

JessicaRohlfingPryor,apsychologistleadingtheevents,saideverygenerationisasponge（海

綿）forthemessagesitreceives.

"Millennials,morethananyothergenerationinAmericansociety,arereceivingclear

messagesaroundachieving,“shesaid."There'sanabsenceofmessagingthattryingyourhardestis

stillOK.”

TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationalsofoundoutthatrecentgenerationsofcollege

studentshavereportedhigherlevelsofperfectionismthanearliergenerations.

Thist4desiretoachievealongwithbeingoverlycriticalofoneselfandothers^affectsyoung

people'smentalhealth,accordingtoitsresearch,whichanalyzeddatafromover40,000college

students.

Researchersnotedthatsocialmediaaddscomparativepressure,alongwiththedrivetoearn

moneyandachievecareergoals.Perfectionistsoftencreateevenhighergoals,whichcanleadtoa

higherriskoffailure.

Incollege,Cherkasyfoundhimselfsurroundedbysomanyintelligentpeoplethathefelthe

shouldhavebeenachievingahigherlevelthanhewas."Itmakesyoufeelkindofcrazy,“hesaid.

Thistypeofthinkingcanleadpeopletoputtinginlesseffort,which,astheyfallbehind,can

createmoreanxiety"Itmakespeoplefeelkindofisolated.^Andthat,Cherkasyadded,“cancause

studentstodriftawayfrom（與...疏離）theirschool.”

Northwesternisnottheonlyschooleagertohelpstudents.

BrownUniversityincludesperfectionisminitscounselingservices,askingstudentsifthey

everfeelthatwhattheyaccomplishisn'tgoodenough.

32.WhydidCherkasyleavetheswimteamineighthgrade?

A.Hecouldn'treachthegoalhesetforhimself.

B.Healwaysdidpoorlyinswimmingcompetitions.

C.Heneededmoretimetostudy.

D.Hefoundhedidn'thaveanypassionforswimming.

33.WhichofthefollowingwouldPryorprobablynotagreewith?

A.Younggenerationsshouldlearntoacceptfailure.

B.Youngpeopleshouldacceptbeingimperfectofthemselves.

C.Individualsandsocietywillbenefitfromperfectionism.

D.Millennialsareeagertoworkhardtogetperfection.

34.WhatdidtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdiscover?

A.Socialmediausersweremorelikelytobeperfectionists.

B.Perfectionismcouldhaveanegativeimpactonphysicalhealth.

C.Collegestudentssuffermoreperfectionismproblemsthanever.

D.Fewuniversitiesofferedhelptostudentswithmentalproblems.

35.TheauthordescribesCherkasy'sexperienceincollegemainlytoshow.

A.thepressurecollegestudentsexperience

B.theharmofbeingaperfectionist

C.theeffectofisolationonperfectionists

D.thechallengesunderachievershavetoovercome

【答案】32.A33.C34.C35.B

【分析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今最近幾代大學(xué)生的完美主義程度比前幾代人更高，以

至于心理學(xué)家都在發(fā)出警告，學(xué)校也在強調(diào)接受失敗的必要性這一社會現(xiàn)象。這種“追求成

就的欲望以及對自己和他人的過度苛責(zé)”影響了年輕人的心理健康。文章說明了導(dǎo)致這一問

題的原因和完美主義者的危害。

【詳解】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itwasn'tbecausehelackedthepassion;hejustcouldn't

acceptfailuresinmatches.'TmnotMichaelPhelps,whyamIevenontheteam?”hesaid.“可知，

這并不是因為他缺乏激情；他就是不能接受比賽中的失敗?！拔也皇荕ichaelPhelps,為什

么我還在隊里?”他說。由此可知，Cherkasky在八年級時退出游泳隊是因為他無法達到自己

設(shè)定的目標。故選Ao

2.推理判斷題。結(jié)合上文第四段中“Somanymillennialssufferfromtheillsofperfectionismthat

psychologistsareissuingwarningsandschoolsareemphasizingtheneedtoacceptfailure."（許多

千禧一代患有完美主義的病癥，心理學(xué)家發(fā)出警告，學(xué)校強調(diào)接受失敗的必要性。）可知，

許多千禧一代患有完美主義的病癥，他們渴望自己變得完美，同時年輕人應(yīng)該學(xué)會接受失敗,

第七段中“There'sanabsenceofmessagingthattryingyourhardestisstillOK.“可

知“沒有傳達出這樣的信息：盡最大努力就可以了。由此判斷出，Pryor不同意個人和社會將

受益于完美主義。故選C。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第八段“TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociational