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TPO25-R-1解Q1Theword“enormous”inthepassageclosestinmeaningTheSurfaceofThesurfaceofMarsshowsaHighlyunusualrangeofgeologicTPO25-R-1解Q1Theword“enormous”inthepassageclosestinmeaningTheSurfaceofThesurfaceofMarsshowsaHighlyunusualrangeofgeologicfeatures,hugevolcanoes-theknowncratering.ThreeverylargearefoundontheTharsisbulge,Q2Accordingtoparagraph1,OlympusdiffersfromvolcanoesontheTharsisbulgeinthatOlympusMonsenormousgeologicareanearequator.NorthwestofTharsisislargestvolcanoofall:OlympusHasmorecomplexgeologicIstallerWasformedatalaterwithaheightof25kilometersmeasuringsome700kilometersdiameteratitsbase.ThethreevolcanoesontheTharsisbulgeareParagraph1ismarkedwithanlittlesmaller-a“mere”18Q3Theword“distinctive”inthepassageclosestinmeaningNoneofthesevolcanoeswasasaresultofcollisionsbetweenoftheMartiancrust-thereisnoonMars.Instead,theysloping formedQ4Accordingtoparagraphs1and2,whichmoltenrock.AllfourshowthefollowingisNOTtrueofvolcanoesontheTharsislavachannelsandotherflowsimilartothosefoundonTheyhavebroad,slopingTheyaresmallerthanthelargestvolcanoonMars.channelsofvolcanoesonEarth.Theyareover25kilometersvolcanoesonEarth.Imagesof hundredsofvolcanoes.MostoflargestvolcanoesareassociatedtheTharsisbulge,butmanyonesarefoundinthenorthernParagraph1and2arebothmarkedwithQ5Theword“roughly”inthepassageclosestinmeaningThegreatheightofMartianisadirectconsequenceofthe1批注[TC5]:roughly：withoutcompletenessorexactness:[TC4]:shieldvolcanoes特A對(duì)應(yīng)volcanoeswithbroad,slopingslidesformedbymoltenrock.BC對(duì)應(yīng)AllfourshowdistinctivechannelsandotherflowfeaturessimilartothosefoundonshieldvolcanoesonEarth.選D批注[TC3]:distinctive：Characteristicortypical有區(qū)別的，[TC2]:根據(jù)Thethreelargelittlesmaller就是大點(diǎn)。選[TC1]:Enormous:Verygreatinsizeextent,numberordegree.并volcanoe很大，選Blowsurfacegravity.Aslavaflowsspreadstoformashieldvolcano,thenewmountain’sabilitytoitsownweight.Thelowsurfacegravity.Aslavaflowsspreadstoformashieldvolcano,thenewmountain’sabilitytoitsownweight.ThelowertheIn3,whydoestothelessertheweightandthecompareMaxwellMonsonHawaiianshieldvolcanoesontheheightofthemountain.ItisaccidentthatMaxwellMonsonTohelpexplaintherelationshipsurfacegravityandvolcanoandtheHawaiianshieldvolcanoesEarthrisetoaboutthesameToexplainwhyMars’ssurfaceonly40percentof(about10kilometers)aboverespectivebases-EarthandTopointoutdifferencesbetweensurfacegravityofEarthandthesurfacegravityofVenusToarguethattherearemorehavesimilarsurfacegravity.surfacegravityisonly40percentofEarth,sovolcanoesriseroughlytimesashigh.AretheMartianthandifferencesbetweendifferentParagraph3ismarkedwithanvolcanoesstillactive?Scientistsnodirectevidenceforrecent volcanoeswereactiveasrecentlyQ7Whichofthesentences100millionyearsago(anestimateexpressestheessentialinformationinchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.thetimeoflasteruptionbasedonextentofimpactcrateringonslopes),someofthemmaystillbeleastintermittentlyactive.MillionsAlthoughdirectevidenceoferuptionsislacking,scientistsbelievethatthesevolcanoeswereactiveasrecentlyas100millionyearsago.Scientistsestimatethatvolcanoesactivemorerecentlythan100yearsagowillstillhaveextensiveimpactcrateringontheirIf,assomeevidencesuggests,thesevolcanoeseruptedasrecentlyas100millionyearsago,theymaycontinuetobeintermittentlyactive.Althoughthesevolcanoeswereactiveasrecentlyas100millionyearsago,thereisnodirectevidenceofrecentorongoingyears,though,maypassQ8Theword“considerably”inthepassageAnotherprominentfeatureof2[TC8considerably：worthconsideration:SIGNIFICANTb[TC7]:A的轉(zhuǎn)折之后不對(duì)，應(yīng)該是火山intermittentlyactive--thevolcano’seventualheightdependsonthenewmountain’sabilitytosupportitsownweight.Thelowerthegravity,thelessertheweightand火山最終高度取決于它能支撐的重A。closestinmeaningsurfaceiscratering.ThespacecraftfoundthatthesurfaceMars,aswellasthatofitstwoispittedwithimpactcratersbymeteoroidsfallinginfromAsonclosestinmeaningsurfaceiscratering.ThespacecraftfoundthatthesurfaceMars,aswellasthatofitstwoispittedwithimpactcratersbymeteoroidsfallinginfromAsonourMoon,thesmallertoparagraph4,whatdemonstratedbythefactthatcratersfillmuchfasteronMarsthanonthematter-mostlydust-confirmingMarsisadrydesertworld.ErosionfrommeteoriticimpactsplacemorequicklyonMarsthanontheThereismoredustonMarsthanontheThesurfaceofMarsisadry considerablyfasterthantheircounterparts.OntheMoon,craterslessthan100meters(correspondingtodepthsofabout primarilybymeteoriticerosion.Paragraph4ismarkedwithanMars,therearerelativelyfewlessthan5kilometersindiameter.Q10Inparagraph4,whydoesthepointoutthatMarshasfewancientcratersthatarelessthan5kilometersindiameter?Martianatmosphereisanerosiveagent,withMartiantransportingdustfromplacetoToexplainwhyscientistsbelievethatsurfacematterfillingMartiancratersismostlydustToexplainwhyscientistsbelievethattheimpactcratersonMarswerecreatedbyTosupporttheclaimthattheMartianatmosphereisanefficienterosiveagentToarguethatMarsexperiencedfewerancientimpactsthantheMoondidanderasingsurfacefeaturesfasterthanmeteoriticimpactscanobliterateParagraph4ismarkedwithanQ11Accordingtoparagraph5,whatscientistsbeenabletodeterminefromstudiesoflargeimpactcrateringonMars?AsontheMoon,theextentofhavebeenfilledinbyerosionSomeMartianvolcanoesaremuchthanwasonceTheageofMars’ssurfacecanvaryfromareatoarea.theywereformed)servesasanindicatorfortheMartiansurface.estimatesrangingfromfouryearsforMars’ssouthernhighlandsLargeindicatorsagearenotareaswithafewhundredmillionyearsinvolcanic3[TC11]:theyservesasanageestimatesrangingfromfourbillionyearsforMars’ssouthernhighlandsB[TC10]:為后面說Martianatmosphereisanefficientagent做鋪墊。選批注[TC9]:最后給出解釋：TheMartianatmosphereisanefficienterosiveagent,withMartianwindsanderasingsurfacefeaturesmuchcanobliteratethem.主要由于大氣中D.SomeareasoftheMartiansurfacetobeolderthantheyactuallyParagraph5ismarkedwithanQ12Accordingtoparagraph6,theejectaD.SomeareasoftheMartiansurfacetobeolderthantheyactuallyParagraph5ismarkedwithanQ12Accordingtoparagraph6,theejectaMars’scraterYutydiffersfromtheejectaoftheMoon’sCopernicuscraterinthattheejectaoftheYutycraterThedetailedappearanceofimpactcratersprovidesanpieceofinformationabout HasnowbecomeofaMartiancratersaresurroundedejecta(debrisformedasaresultofContainsalargevolumeofdust,soilSuggeststhatliquidoncecameoutofthesurfaceatthecratersitefromthecenterofthecraterimpact)thatlooksquitedifferentitslunarcounterparts.AoftheCopernicuscrateronthewiththe(fairlytypical)craterYutyMarsdemonstratestheTheejectasurroundingtheParagraph6ismarkedwithancraterisjustwhatonewouldfromanexplosionejectingavolumeofdust,soil,andQ13Lookatthefoursquares【■】thatwherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.However,theejectaonMarsthedistinctimpressionofaliquidhassplashedorflowedoutofGeologiststhinkthatthisThissurfacefeaturehasledtoaboutwhatmaylieunderMars’sejectacraterindicatesthatalayerpermafrost,orwaterice,liesjust Wherewouldthesentencebestfit?Clickonliquefiedtheice,resultingintheappearanceoftheejecta.Q14Directions:Anintroductorysentenceforbriefsummaryofthepassageisprovidedbelow.CompletethesummarybyselectingtheTHREEanswerchoicesthatexpressthemostimportantideasinthepassage.Somesentencesdonotbelonginthesummarybecausetheyexpressideasthatarenotpresentedinthepassageorareminorideasinthepassage.Thisquestionisworth2points.Dragyouranswerchoicestothespacesonit.Toreviewthepassage,clickVIEW4[TC12HowevertheejectaonMarsgivesthedistinctimpressionofaliquidthathassplashedorflowedoutofcrater.溢出的。選Volcanoes