2022屆高考英語復(fù)習講義：閱讀理解題型分類解題訣竅

22屆高考英語閱讀理解題型分類解題訣竅（含答案）

FromJaneG

一是確立定位詞，注意人名，時間，范圍等，以免定位錯誤，例如

【示彳列01]Thewordadvertisingreferstoanykindofpublicannouncementthatbringsproductsandservicestothe

attentionofpeople.Throughouthistory,advertisinghasbeenaneffectivewaytopromote（促進）thetradingandsellingof

goods.IntheMiddleAges,merchantsemployedutowncrierstoreadpublicmessagesaloudtopromotetheirgoods.

Whenprintingwasinventedinthefifteenthcentury,pagesofadvertisements（ads）couldbeprintedeasilyandwereeither

hunginpublicplacesorputinbooks.

WhatwasadvertisinglikeintheMiddleAges?

A.Merchantswereemployedtopromoteproducts.

B.Admessageswereshoutedoutinpublicplaces.

C.Productinformationwasincludedinbooks.

D.Adsignswereputupintowns.

答案：B

【示例02]（2019年全國卷I）Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學），Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,

whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,and

meangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplaying

jokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.

Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?

A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cook

答案：C

二是找到文中定位詞所在的句子，注意一定要看完整，切忌斷章取義?。。。。?！

特別的愛給特別的你：1、關(guān)鍵名詞的定語、同位語成分；2、相關(guān)連詞however,therefore,so等；3、有態(tài)度、情

緒暗示的詞，如concern,worry,notclear,promising,inviting,heartbeatwildlyo例如：

【示例03]Acheaperwaytoproducehydrogeninvolvesusingmethane（甲烷）andCarbonCaptureandStorage（CCS）.

someexpertsargueitmightmakemoresenseatscale（規(guī)模）,butmightnotbeasclean.However,thankstosourceslike

tidalandwaveenergy,Orkneycreatesmorecleanelectricitythanitscitizensneed.EvenafterexportingtotheUK,the

islands9winds,wavesandtidesgenerateabout130%oftheelectricityitspopulationneeds.

HowdoesOrkneyproducehydrogen?

A.Byusingmethane.B.Byusinggreenelectricity.

C.ByusingtheCCStechnology.D.Byusingby-productsofburningpetrol.

答案：B

三是對比原文和選項，拿出挖掘愛豆信息的耐心和孫悟空的火眼金睛，正確答案通常會變裝，特別關(guān)注同義詞的轉(zhuǎn)

換。切記：不要你覺得?。?！憑印象或者常識做題是靠不住的，一切眼見為實，一定要仔細比照選項！

干擾項

1.文中不同內(nèi)容的嫁接和篡改

2.文中沒出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容

3.對文中提到的內(nèi)容在范圍上進行放大或者縮小

4.前半句對，后半句錯

具體事實的羅列（推理題）

【示彳列04]...Sureenough,shewasreadingMobyDick,ineditionwithwoodcuts.Isaid,''Don'tyoufindpartsofitrather

heavygoing?^^Sheanswered"Oh,sure,butIjustskipoverthosepartsandgoontothenextgoodpart.”

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthegirlisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Sheskippedoverthoseeasypartswhilereading.

B.Shehadahardtimefinishingtherequiredreadingtasks.

C.Shelearnedtoappreciatesomepartsofthedifficultbooks.

D.Sheturnedouttobeatopstudentaftercomingtothisschool.

答案：c

常見題型集錦

一、A篇閱讀中的易錯題--求同存異

A篇志在必得，但要特別注意尋找共同點、特別之處的題目，例如

（2019?全國卷IA篇）21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?

（2020福州市4月質(zhì)檢A篇）23.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefourschools?

解題技巧-看篇首；排除法

【真題再現(xiàn)】Passage1.（2019?全國卷IA篇）

NeedaJobThisSummer?

Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesand

whatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.

Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder

30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.

JobsforYouth

Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合條件）forthisprogram.Which

provideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.

Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社區(qū)）.

SummerCompany

SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheir

ownsummerbusinesses.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.

StewardshipYouthRangerProgram

YoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeight

weeksthissummer.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.

SummerEmploymentOpportunities（機會）

ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummer

positionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswitha

disability.

21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?

A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.

C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.

答案：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SummerCompany部分中的SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswith...awardsofupto

$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.可知，SummerCompany為學生提供高達3000美元的獎勵，束開

始而經(jīng)營他們自己的暑期業(yè)務(wù)。startandruntheirownsummerbusinesses即為“開辦新的業(yè)務(wù)”，這對應(yīng)B項中的run

newbusinesses。故選B。

Passage2.（2016新課標全國IA篇）

YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladies

listedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?

JaneAddams（1860-1935）

AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworked

forpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity（社區(qū)）bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesfor

peopleinneedIn1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.

RachelCarson（1907-1964）

Ifitweren'tfbrRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilent

Springraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld's

lakesandoceans.

SandraDay0,Connor（1930-present）

WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkata

lawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator（參議員）and,in1981,thefirstwomantojoin

theU.S.SupremeCourt.O'Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetop

court.

RosaParks（1913-2005）

OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery>Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.Her

simpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomeiybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,and

kickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement."TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,"saidParks.

24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?

A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretrulycreative.C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.

答案：C

【針對訓練】

Passage1

Ifyou'vegotareliableInternetconnection,smartlightsareacheapwaytomakeyourhomeverycool.Herearefourof

them.

LIFX

Thebiggestfeaturezyoudon'tneedaseparatehubtocontrolyoursmartlights.TheyconnectviaWi-Fiandyoucan

stickthelightsanywhere.TheLEDscreateupto16millioncolorsandareprogrammable,soyoucancreatecustomlighting

patternsthroughthesmartphoneapp.Youcanalsosetupalightingscheduleandmakechangeswithyourvoicethrough

AmazonAlexa,AppleHomeKit,andGoogleAssistant.$70.

Sylvania

TheSylvaniaLEDlightstrip（燈帶）isAppleHomeKit-enabled,meaningyoucanchangecolorsandsettingswith

Apple'ssmartvoiceassistantSiriorthroughtheapp.TheonlyfeatureSylvaniadoesnotinclude-onethatLIFXdoes-isthe

abilityfbrthelightstoautomaticallyrotate（轉(zhuǎn)換入throughcolors.Withtheselights,youcanonlyadjustbrightnessand

changecolors.$39.

IfyouuseanAndroidphone,makesuretogetanAndroidversion.Ithasthesamefunctionsbutisalsocompatible（兼

容的）withAmazonAlexaorGoogleAssistant.$52.

Eve

TheEveLEDscanbeextendedwithadditionalstripsandreachupto32.8feet.TheLEDsproduceafullrangeof

whitesandcolorsandarecompatiblewithAppleHomeKit-thereforevoicecontrolledwithSiri.Thissetuprequiresnoextra

hub.ThestarterversionisavailableforS80andextensionstripsareavailableforS50.

Minger

Minger'SWi-FiconnectedstripsofLEDsare16.4-feet-longandcanbecontrolledviatheGoveeapponyour

smartphoneorwithAmazonAlexa.Thecompanydoesn'trecommendconnectingmultiplestrips.$29.

21.HowisLIFXdifferentfromSylvania?

A.Itisvoicecontrolled.B.ItisintendedforAndroidphoneusers.

C.Thebrightnessofitslightscanbeadjusted.D.Thecolorsofitslightscanchangeautomatically.

23.Whatdothefourlightshaveincommon?

A.Theyarepoweredbythesun.B.Theycanbeextendedwithadditionalstrips.

C.Theyworkwellwithsmarthomeassistants.D.Theyaredevelopedbysmartphonecompanies.

答案：DC

Passage2.（福州市4月質(zhì)檢A篇）

TheMostTechFriendlySchoolintheWorld

Forgetapenandpaper!Thisnew-fashionedschoolreliesoniPad's,touchscreens,projectorsandevenelectronic

lockerkeys.ThePhiladelphiaSchooloftheFuture'smaingoalistoequipstudentswiththemostknowledgeintechnology

fields.Whileitstruggledbackwhenitopenedin2006,itisnowoneofthemostin-demandschools.

HamburgerUniversity

No,thisschoolisn'taboutperfectingthehamburger.Actually,itsortofis!TheMcDonald'strainingfacilityiswhere

restaurantmanagersgotolearnthecraft（手藝）.Frommakingahamburgertodealingwithcomplainingcustomers,ittakes

alottohandletherunningofMickyD's.Also,imaginehavingHamburgerUniversityonyourresume（簡歷），nowthat

wouldmakeyoustandoutfromthecrowd!

RealLifeClown（小丑）College

Whilemoviesandtelevisionsshowslovetomakefunofkidsandadultsalikerunningofftojoinclowncollegeorthe

circusbutturnsout,itwasn'tmadeup.TheRinglingBrotherssetupanumberofcoursesandschoolsaroundtheUnited

Statestoteachwillingstudentstheartofclowningaround.Ifsatoughjobalright?Imaginewearingabrightrednosewhile

kidsscreamatyouforaballoonanimal.

CharlesHowardSantaClausSchool

Setupinthe1930'sthisfamousinstitutionaimstoproducetheverybestSanta's.PotentialMrClaus'willlearnhowto

interactwithchildrenandofcourse,howtolaughliketherealdeal.Whileyouwouldn'ttakethecourseunlessyouplanned

onbeingaprofessionalSanta,itsurewouldbefuntoplaydressupforaday!

23.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefourschools?

A.Entertaining.B.Ancient.C.Wild.D.Unusual.

答案：D

二、hr節(jié)理解-重在同義轉(zhuǎn)換（比重最大）

PartA單項細節(jié)題-查找題干中的單項信息-抓住題干的定位詞

請畫出題干的定位詞

（2019?全國卷I）

22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?

23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?

24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?

【真題再現(xiàn)】Passage1.（2019?全國卷IB篇）

ForCanaanElementary'ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit'sChrisPalaez'sturn.

The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublic

speaking.

Buthe'snervous.'Tmheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe"-Id,"apronunciation

difficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.u...Vbte

fbr...me…"Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,

Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.

24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?

A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.

24.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段todayisspeechday和本段最后一句withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindof

kidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.以友第二段第一句Buthe'snervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那種喜歡公共

演講的孩子，但是他卻很緊張，故可知Chris是因為做演講緊張，故選B。

Passage2（2019年全國卷IC篇）

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch"fourtimesusingthe

smartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,

withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandis

mostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?

A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B.Ifllreachconsumerssoon.C.It'llbemadeofplastics.D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.

答案：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.可知，麻究者彳門希望智

能鍵盤能早日面世。故選B。

Passage3.（2018?全國卷IA篇）

Washington,D.C.BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration:3hours

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,

D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyour

spotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:3hours（4miles）

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.Explorethemonuments

andmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,

helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration:3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperience

Washington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinteresting

storiesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路線）makecycling

betweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:3hours（7miles）

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.Getupclosetothemonuments

andmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyour

guideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflective

vestsandsafetylights.

21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

答案：A根據(jù)文章CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.中的Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability可知，這個

騎行項目需要提前預(yù)約。故選A。

Passage4.（2018?全國卷IB篇）

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptips

onhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresenter

saysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'sleantintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,

andJack,11.

"WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"sheexplains.UIpay

￡5foraportion（一份）,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuy

takeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.n

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

25.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththe

helpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.

可知，Susanna在MattTebbutt的幫助下，提供如何減少食物浪費同時給每日生活費低于5英鎊的每個家庭準備食

譜。故選C。解題關(guān)鍵詞：同義詞表達withthehelpof和help。

Passage5.（2019.全國卷ID篇）

Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeep

myhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.

Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,among

whomIsoonfoundmyself.

Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themost

likedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（調(diào)查研究）.“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecome

moreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhile

likabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”

Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplay

Date-sharing,kindness,openness-carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.

32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?★★

A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.

34.WhatdidDr.Prinstein^studyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?★★★★

A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.

C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D.Theyperformedwellacademically.

答案：CB

32.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,which

allowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.可知，在美好的小學時光fL我喜歡分享我的洋娃娃和笑話，這讓我彳呆持了

高高的社會地位。由此推斷出，作者在小學早期時，是一個慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的；lonely寂寞的；generous

慷慨的；cool冷靜的；酷的。故選C。

34.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,由healthy

adjustment推斷出，心理學藪授MitchPrinstein的研究表明，被人喜歡的孩子適應(yīng)性更強，故選B。

PartB多項細節(jié)判斷正誤

Whatcanwelearnabout...fromthetext?

Whatdoweknowabout...fromthepassage?

Passage1.（2018?全國卷IB篇）

GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorm

inherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadalightbudgetforherfamily.

24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段知道GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaevery

morning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole可知，她開辟了一個新的節(jié)目。故選B。

Passage2.（2017?天津卷）

PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemost

partvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthat

itwillhappen.

Turningone'slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurface

itseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoare

willingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn'tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.

3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWait?

A.ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait.B.Itdoesn'talwaysbringthedesiredresult.

C.ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait.D.Itdoesn'tgivepeoplefaithandhope.

答案：BunliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymean...

Passage3.（2015?浙江卷）

Thechildrensatstunnedandsilent.Wasthisateachertalking?Onegirl,whohadjustcometousfromaschoolwhere

shehadhadaveryhardtime,lookedatmesteadilyforalongtimeafterIhadfinished.Then,stilllookingatme,shesaid

slowlyandseriously,MrHolt,doyoureallymeanthat?"Isaidjustasseriously,"Imeaneverywordofit.

Duringthespringshereallyastonishedme.Oneday,shewasreadingatherdesk,FromaglimpseoftheillustrationsI

thoughtIknewwhatthebookwas.Isaidtomyself,MItcan'tbe,"andwenttotakeacloserlook.Sureenough,shewas

readingMobyDick,ineditionwithwoodcuts.Isaid,''Don'tyoufindpartsofitratherheavygoing?1'Sheanswered,Oh,

sure,butIjustskipoverthosepartsandgoontothenextgoodpart.n

44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthegirlisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Sheskippedoverthoseeasypartswhilereading.

B.Shehadahardtimefinishingtherequiredreadingtasks.

C.Shelearnedtoappreciatesomepartsofthedifficultbooks.

D.Sheturnedouttobeatopstudentaftercomingtothisschool.

答案：C

Passage4.（2015天津卷）

Boldness—awillingnesstoextendyourselftotheextreme—isnotonethatcanbeacquiredovernight.Butitcanbe

taughttochildrenanddevelopedinadults.Confidencebuildsup.Surely,therewillbesetbacks（挫折）anddisappointments

inlife;boldnessinitselfisnoguaranteeofsuccess.Butthepersonwhotriestodosomethingandfailsisalotbetteroffthan

thepersonwhotriestodonothingandsucceeds.

So,alwaystrytolivealittlebitbeyondyourabilities—andyou'llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.

4.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph5?

A.Confidencegrowsmorerapidlyinadults.B.Tryingwithoutsuccessismeaningless.

C.Repeatedfailurecreatesabetterlife.D.Boldnesscanbegainedlittlebylittle.

答案：D

Passage5.（2016江蘇卷）

Chimps（黑猩猩）willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondthe

minimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct（本能）tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfood

forthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren.Whoareablefromayoungageto

gathertheirownfood.

Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon'tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateof

foodforhimselfor,withnogreatereffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcage,hewillpullat

random——hejustdoesn'tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.

58.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?

A.Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers,interests.B.Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.

C.Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors5food.D.Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.

答案：A

Passage6.（2015重慶卷）

Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism（相對主義），aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialand

economicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmind

acrossculturesandthroughcenturies.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?

A.Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B.Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.

C.Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D.Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.

答案：C

Passage7.（2013安徽卷）

Weshouldn'tblametechnologyfbrourshortcomings.Technologyisheretohelpus,butweshouldnotallowittotakeover

ourlives.Animportantstepisacknowledgingourshortcomings.Peoplespendalotoftimepointingoutbadmannersbutit

wouldbeevenmorehelpifwe'dpubliclyacknowledgegoodmannerswhenweseethem.

小題4:Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Weshouldapplaudgoodbehavior.B.Technologycanneverbeblamed

C.Weshouldkeeppointingoutmistakes.D.Technologywilltakeoverlivesoneday.

小題4:主旨題。這段主要試講我們應(yīng)該了解我們的缺點，但是如果公開的認可好的行為習慣，將會更有幫助，故選

A,我們應(yīng)該鼓勵好的行為。

Passage8.（2018天津卷）

Sustainability（可持續(xù)性）

Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneed

toberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcould

probablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids（水解膠體）fromplentiful

renewableslikealgae（藻類）andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients（烹飪原料）.3Dprintingcanreducefueluseand

emissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock"food"thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducing

transportationandstoragerequirements.

47.Whatcanwelearnabout3DfoodprintingfromParagraphs3?

A.Itsolvesfoodshortageseasily.B.Itquickensthetransportationoffood.

C.Itneedsnospaceforthestorageoffood.D.Itusesrenewablematerialsassourcesoffood.

答案：D

三、征理判斷▲難點-做個名偵探：要做推斷

PartA判斷人物性格-弘揚正能量，人人都是活雷鋒

一般老師，教練是嚴格strict但是有愛caring鼓舞人的inspiring,路人熱心warm-heated大方generous

Passage1（2019?全國卷IB篇）

Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraise

theirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisabout

morethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.

"Boastingaboutyourself^andyourbestqualities,vWhaleysays,“isverydifficultfbrachildwhocameintothe

classroomnotfeelingconfident.^^

27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?

A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.

27.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenhe

askedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.”和最后——句"Hewantsthese

kidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.”可知，當他有一天讓認％他們自己當不了總統(tǒng)的學生舉手的時候，他想到了一

個主意，這個課程就是幫助學生樹立自己的信心，故可以看出這位老師很關(guān)心學生的成長。humorous幽默的；

ambitious有雄心壯志的；caring關(guān)心的；demanding要求高的。故選C。

Passag