四川省宜賓市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次診斷考試英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1四川省宜賓市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次診斷考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAnadventurousIndianOceanbreakcaneasilycapturetheimaginationsofthewholefamily.Herearethebestoption,withtripstosuitpre-schoolerstoteens.MauritiusAridethroughthewatersofnorthwestMauritiusinBlueSafari’s10-seatersubmarinegiveschildren(agedninemonthsandup)therarechancetoexplorebeneaththesurfacetoadepthof35meters.Everyonegetsawindowtotheunderwaterworld.TheMaldivesTheMaldivesisagoodplacetoinspireyoungmindstodigdeeperintotheocean.AtFourSeasonsLandaaGiraavaru,intheBaaAtollnorthofMale,yourteenscanlearnwhatishappeningandwhy,andalsohelpascientisttocreatenewreefs;backhome,theycanwatchtheirreefflourishonline.KeralaTheriversofthesoutherncoastalstateofKeralaareanidealintroductiontoIndiaforyoungimaginations.Settingsailonahouseboat,kidswillfindthevillagelifealongthewaterwaysfascinating,andtheycanplayapartinitontripstolocalmarketstopickupsouvenirs(guidedbyhouseboatstaff).RéunionCoveredingreen,withplungingwaterfallsandblack-sandbeaches,smallReunionisnotatypicalIndianOceanisland.HikeuptothePitondelaFournaise,oneofthemostactivevolcanoesintheworld,withover600milesoftrailstooccupyexcitedteenagers,or‘a(chǎn)quahike’theLangevinRiver,whichinvolvesamixofcanyoningandwhitewaterswimming.1.WhatdotripstoMauritiusandtheMaldiveshaveincommon?A.Theyarehometoreefs. B.Theyhaveonlinepractice.C.Theyownspecialsouvenirs. D.Theyofferunderwaterprojects.2.Wherecankidsexperiencethevillagelifenearrivers?A.Mauritius. B.TheMaldives. C.Kerala. D.Reunion.3.WhatisaboutRéunion?A.Itisacoralisland. B.Itsuitsteenagersbest.C.Itisnearanactivevolcano. D.Ithaswatersportsevents.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了印度洋地區(qū)適合家庭旅游的幾個目的地，包括毛里求斯、馬爾代夫、喀拉拉邦和留尼汪島，以及每個地方為不同年齡段孩子提供的特色活動?！即鸢浮?.D2.C3.C1．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mauritius”部分的“AridethroughthewatersofnorthwestMauritiusinBlueSafari’s10-seatersubmarinegiveschildren(agedninemonthsandup)therarechancetoexplorebeneaththesurfacetoadepthof35meters.(乘坐藍色野生動物園的10座潛艇穿越毛里求斯西北部水域，讓9個月及以上的兒童有難得的機會探索35米深的海底)”以及“TheMaldives”部分的“TheMaldivesisagoodplacetoinspireyoungmindstodigdeeperintotheocean.(馬爾代夫是激勵年輕人深入海洋的好地方)”可知，毛里求斯和馬爾代夫的共同之處是都有水下項目，故選D項。2．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Kerala”部分的“kidswillfindthevillagelifealongthewaterwaysfascinating(孩子們會發(fā)現(xiàn)水道上的鄉(xiāng)村生活很迷人)”可知，在喀拉拉邦孩子們能體驗到河邊的鄉(xiāng)村生活，故選C項。3．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Réunion”部分的“HikeuptothePitondelaFournaise,oneofthemostactivevolcanoesintheworld(徒步前往世界上最活躍的火山之一：富爾奈斯火山”可知，留尼汪島靠近火山，故選C項。BIt’scommonnowadaysforpeopletoscheduleafitnessplan.Whateverthedrivebehindit,whetherhealth-related,performance-relatedorjustplainvainglory(虛榮心),itisnotuncommonforpeopletotakeregularexercise.Butifyou’veneverdoneitbefore,what’sthebestwaytogoaboutit?Well,manypeoplemakeuseofaPT—that’sapersonaltrainer.Thismightbebecausethey’rewetbehindtheearsormaybetheyjustdon’twantthetroubleofdesigningtheirownworkoutplan.APTwillcreateaplanbasedontheaimofanindividual.Theywilltailorittoyourcurrentabilitiesand,betterstill,theywillteachyouhowtomoveinaproperway.However,thetrade-offwithaPTistheprice.EachhourlysessioncanbesteepconsideringthedoublewhammyofhavingtopayboththePTandmembershipofthegym.Ifyouareatallstrappedforcashthenregularsessionsmightbeoutofyourbudget.Sowhat’sleft?Well,ifyouhavethegritforit,youcanmakeyourownplan.It’srelativelyeasytodoifyouhavetheknow-how.Butbeforeyoudo,herearesomebasicpointers.First,keepyourfitnessgoalinmind.Areyoulookingtoslimdown,bulkup,orgetshredded?Whateveritis,makesureyouchoosetobeinpursuitofthatgoal.Next,doyourresearch.Socialmediaisfulloffitnessvideosandadvice.Watchasmanyaspossible,butmakesuretobecriticalofthem—everyonehasadifferentbody.Finally,keepyourfeetontheground.Bepatientwithyourselfandsetrealisticgoals—ittakesatleastthreemonthstoseerealisticbodychanges.Agoodworkoutisdifficultandchallenging,butneverpainful.Painmeansyouaredamagingyourself.4.Whatdrivespeopletogotothegym?A.Tokeepafitfigure. B.Tomakefriends.C.Toavoidvainglory. D.Tobecomeacelebrity.5.WhatkindofpersonwouldchooseaPT?A.Astudentshortofbudget. B.Abusyworkaholic.C.Agreenhandinexercise. D.Aprofessionalathlete.6.Whatshouldbepaidattentiontowhilemakingourownfitnessplan?A.Bearinmindourfitnessgoals. B.Beamemberofthegym.C.Setatrainingtimeline. D.Watchlatestfitnessvideos.7.What’sthetextabout?A.Thenecessityofexercise. B.Howtomakeafitnessplan.C.Thepracticalskillsofworkout. D.Howtobeapersonaltrainer.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了在現(xiàn)代，人們制定健身計劃的普遍現(xiàn)象，介紹了找個私人教練設(shè)計健身計劃和自己設(shè)計健身計劃的優(yōu)缺點，并給出了制定健身計劃的三個基本指導(dǎo)方針?！即鸢浮?.A5.C6.A7.B4．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whateverthedrivebehindit,whetherhealth-related,performance-relatedorjustplainvainglory(虛榮心),itisnotuncommonforpeopletotakeregularexercise.(現(xiàn)在人們制定健身計劃是很常見的。無論背后的動機是什么，無論是與健康有關(guān)的，還是與表現(xiàn)有關(guān)的，或者只是單純的虛榮，人們經(jīng)常鍛煉并不罕見。)”可知，如今人們經(jīng)常鍛煉原因有很多即保持健康，有好的表現(xiàn)或者單純只是虛榮，人們經(jīng)常鍛煉并不罕見，故為了保持健康的身材可以是人們經(jīng)常鍛煉的原因之一。故選A。5．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butifyou’veneverdoneitbefore,what’sthebestwaytogoaboutit?Well,manypeoplemakeuseofaPT—that’sapersonaltrainer.

(但如果你以前從未做過，最好的方法是什么？嗯，很多人使用PT，也就是私人教練。)”可知，對于從未有過鍛煉經(jīng)歷的人，可以使用PT。即鍛煉方面的新手可以選擇PT來鍛煉。故選C。6．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“First,keepyourfitnessgoalinmind.Areyoulookingtoslimdown,bulkup,orgetshredded?Whateveritis,makesureyouchoosetobeinpursuitofthatgoal.

(首先，記住你的健身目標。你是想減肥、增肥還是鍛煉？不管是什么，確保你選擇去追求那個目標。)”可知，在制定自己的健身計劃時應(yīng)該注意自己的健身目標。故選A。7．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Butifyou’veneverdoneitbefore,what’sthebestwaytogoaboutit?Well,manypeoplemakeuseofaPT—that’sapersonaltrainer.(但如果你以前從未鍛煉過，最好的方法是什么？嗯，很多人使用PT，也就是私人教練。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Sowhat’sleft?Well,ifyouhavethegritforit,youcanmakeyourownplan.It’srelativelyeasytodoifyouhavetheknow-how.Butbeforeyoudo,herearesomebasicpointers.(那么還剩下什么呢？好吧，如果你有勇氣，你可以制定自己的計劃。如果你有訣竅，這是相對容易做到的。但在此之前，這里有一些基本的〖提示〗。)”以及通讀全文可知，本文講述了在現(xiàn)代，人們制定健身計劃的普遍現(xiàn)象，介紹了找個私人教練設(shè)計健身計劃和自己設(shè)計健身計劃的優(yōu)缺點，并給出了制定健身計劃的三個基本指導(dǎo)方針。B選項“Howtomakeafitnessplan.(如何制定健身計劃。)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選B。CWhenarchitectsAnneLacatonandJean-PhilippeVassalwereinvitedtoredesignasmall,triangularplazainaresidentialdistrictinBordeaux,Franceinthemid-1990s,theydecidedthatthebestdesignwouldbenodesignatall.Afterstudyingthesiteandinterviewingitsresidents,thearchitectsinformedthecitythatthebestplanwouldbetoleavetheparkalone.“Decorationhasnoplacehere,”theywroteintheirprojectstatement.“Therewasnoneedtorebuild,”theynoted.“Quality,charm,andlifealreadyexist.”ThepairrunsafirmnamedLacaton&Vassal.MostoftheirbuiltprojectslieinlocationsaroundFrance.Theyareasfocusedonpreservingexistingbuildingsastheyareonbuilding.InthewordsofLondon-basedarchitectDieterKleiner,theirworkisalmostanti-architecture.Nowtheiranti-architectureisreceivinginstitutionalattention:InMarch2021,LacatonandVassalwereawardedthePritzkerArchitecturePrize.Thejury(評審團)notedtheir“democraticspirit”aswellas“acommitmenttoarestorativearchitecturethatisatoncetechnological,innovativeandecologicallyresponsive”.In2017,whentaskedwiththeredesignofsome1960sapartmentblocksinBordeaux,LacatonandVassalchosenottoteardownthestructures.Instead,theyupgradedtheexisting530unitswithgardenterraces(露臺)thatexpandedthesizeoftheaccommodationandincreasedaccesstofreshairandsunlight.Theyusedmaterialscommontogreenhouseconstruction,suchassilversolarcurtains,whichallowedthemtocreatecost-effectiveindoorandoutdoorspacesthatcouldbeadjustedaccordingtotheweather:admittinglightandaironpleasantdays,orblockingthesunwhensummerheatisatitspeak.Forthearchitects,thisispartoftheirmotto:“Neverdemolish,neverremoveorreplace,alwaysadd,transformandreuse!”TheselectionofLacatonandVassalbythePritzkerjurymarksasociallymindedturnfortheprize,which—withafewexceptions—hasgenerallyawardedform—makingaboveeverythingelse.8.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Theworkofredesignwasdoneperfectly. B.Thesmalltriangularplazawasn’trestored.C.Thelocalresidentsdisagreedwiththeproject. D.Therewerenodecorationsaroundtheplaza9.Whichoffollowingagreeswiththetwoarchitects’idea?A.Keepinganoldbuildingasitwas. B.Usinghighqualitymaterials.C.Applyingnewbuildingcrafts. D.Receivingnoattentiontoarchitecture.10.Whatdoestheword“demolish”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Decorate. B.Breakdown. C.Abolish. D.Pulldown.11.Whatcouldbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheForeverArts B.TheArchitecturalTastesC.TheWorkwithKindness D.TheBeautyofOldBuildings【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了建筑師AnneLacaton和Jean-PhilippeVassal注重對現(xiàn)有的老建筑進行更新和改造，而不是一味拆除，列舉了他們的一些建筑事例以及取得的成就?！即鸢浮?.B9.A10.D11.D8．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenarchitectsAnneLacatonandJean-PhilippeVassalwereinvitedtoredesignasmall,triangularplazainaresidentialdistrictinBordeaux,Franceinthemid-1990s,theydecidedthatthebestdesignwouldbenodesignatall.Afterstudyingthesiteandinterviewingitsresidents,thearchitectsinformedthecitythatthebestplanwouldbetoleavetheparkalone.“Decorationhasnoplacehere,”theywroteintheirprojectstatement.“Therewasnoneedtorebuild,”theynoted.“Quality,charm,andlifealreadyexist.”(上世紀90年代中期，當建筑師AnneLacaton和Jean-PhilippeVassal受邀在法國波爾多的一個住宅區(qū)重新設(shè)計一個小型三角形廣場時，他們認為最好的設(shè)計就是根本不設(shè)計。在研究了場地并采訪了當?shù)鼐用窈?，建筑師告知市政府，最好的計劃是讓公園保持原樣。“這里沒有裝飾的容身之地，”他們在項目聲明中寫道?！皼]有必要重建，”他們指出。“品質(zhì)、魅力和生命已經(jīng)存在?！?”可推知，小三角廣場沒有修復(fù)。故選B。9．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyareasfocusedonpreservingexistingbuildingsastheyareonbuilding.(他們既注重建筑，也注重保護現(xiàn)有建筑)”以及第三段“In2017,whentaskedwiththeredesignofsome1960sapartmentblocksinBordeaux,LacatonandVassalchosenottoteardownthestructures.Instead,theyupgradedtheexisting530unitswithgardenterraces(露臺)thatexpandedthesizeoftheaccommodationandincreasedaccesstofreshairandsunlight.(2017年，當Lacaton和Vassal被要求重新設(shè)計波爾多一些20世紀60年代的公寓樓時，他們選擇不拆除這些結(jié)構(gòu)。取而代之的是，他們用花園露臺升級了現(xiàn)有的530個單元，擴大了住宿面積，增加了新鮮空氣和陽光的接觸)”可知，保持老建筑原貌與兩位建筑師的想法一致。故選A。10．〖解析〗詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“neverremoveorreplace,alwaysadd,transformandreuse”可知，他們認為不應(yīng)該拆除建筑，永遠不要拆除或更換，總是增加，改造和再利用。故劃線詞意思是“拆除”。故選D。11．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ThepairrunsafirmnamedLacaton&Vassal.MostoftheirbuiltprojectslieinlocationsaroundFrance.Theyareasfocusedonpreservingexistingbuildingsastheyareonbuilding.InthewordsofLondon-basedarchitectDieterKleiner,theirworkisalmostanti-architecture.(兩人經(jīng)營著一家名為Lacaton&Vassal的公司。他們建造的大部分項目都位于法國各地。他們既注重建筑，也注重保護現(xiàn)有建筑。用倫敦建筑師DieterKleiner的話來說，他們的作品幾乎是反建筑的)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了建筑師AnneLacaton和Jean-PhilippeVassal注重對現(xiàn)有的老建筑進行更新和改造，而不是一味拆除，列舉了他們的一些建筑事例以及取得的成就。故D選項“老建筑之美”最符合文章標題。故選D。DInternetusersworldwideareplantingtrees—nearly65millionofthemtodate—justbybrowsingtheinternet.That’sbecauseinsteadofrelyingonGoogleorYahootoconducttheironlinesearches,theyareusingEcosia.Likeothersearchengines,Ecosiamakesmoneythroughadvertising—everytimesomeoneclicksononeoftheadslocatednexttosearchresults,Ecosiamakesseveralcents.TheBerlin-basedstart-upinvests80percentofitsprofitsintreeplanting.Currently,8millionusersarefunding20tree-plantingprojectsin15countries.Forexample,EcosiaisplantingmangrovetreesalongtheMadagascarcoast,nuttreesinGhana,andacaciatreesinEthiopianvalley.Tomakesurethetreesactuallystayintheground,thesearchengineemploysachieftree-plantingofficer,whoreviewsprojectsandregularlyvisitstree-plantingsites.Thecompanyalsoreliesonsatelliteimagingtohelpensuremillionsoftreesitfundsaren’tsubjecttologging.ThemajorityofEcosiausersarelocatedinFrance,Germany,andtheUK,butthesearchengineisrapidlyexpandinginUS.“We’reseeingrealgrowthintheUSaspeoplefindouttheycanplanttreeswhilesearchingtheinternet,”founderChristianKrollsaid,“whichmeansweareontracktoplantmorethan100milliontreesbynextyear.”Whenitcomestobeingaforceforsocialgood,Ecosiaseemstowalkthewalk.Astheclimatemovementworldwidegrows,theinternethasnotescapedscrutinyforitscarbonfootprint—andforgoodreason.InearlyAugust,thecompanyannouncedthatwiththecompletionofitssecondsolarplant,itisreturningenoughrenewableenergytothegridtooffsetmorethan100percentoftheenergyusedbyMicrosofttopowerEcosiasearches.Giventhattreessuckupcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,thestart-upclaimsthateachEcosiainternetsearchactuallyremoves1kgofCO2fromtheatmosphere.12.WhatisEcosia?A.Anadagency. B.Asearchengine. C.Abrowser. D.Apowerplant.13.WhatmakesEcosiadifferentfromGoogleorYahoo?A.Ittransformstodocharity.B.Itsusersmakemoneybyusingit.C.Itearnmoneybyclickingtheadsonit.D.Itspendsmostprofitsontree-plantingprojects.14.Whatcansatelliteimagingbeusedtodo?A.Checkthegrowthoftrees. B.Hireatree-plantingofficer.C.Protecttreesbeingcutdown. D.Inspectplantingsitesirregularly.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.TheInternetneedstosaveenergy.B.Thesolarplantscanboostenergyforitself.C.Thecompany’spurposeistofindalternativeenergy.D.Ecosiakeepsmakingeffortsinenvironmentalprotection.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一種搜索引擎——Ecosia，它把大部分利潤用于在線種樹，努力保護環(huán)境。〖答案〗12.B13.D14.C15.D12．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Likeothersearchengines,Ecosiamakesmoneythroughadvertising—everytimesomeoneclicksononeoftheadslocatednexttosearchresults,Ecosiamakesseveralcents.(像其他搜索引擎一樣，Ecosia通過廣告賺錢——每次有人點擊搜索結(jié)果旁邊的一個廣告，Ecosia就能賺幾美分。)”可知，Ecosia是一個搜索引擎。故選B。13．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Internetusersworldwideareplantingtrees—nearly65millionofthemtodate—justbybrowsingtheinternet.That’sbecauseinsteadofrelyingonGoogleorYahootoconducttheironlinesearches,theyareusingEcosia.(全世界的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶都在通過瀏覽互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來植樹——迄今已有近6500萬人次。這是因為他們不再依賴谷歌或雅虎來進行在線搜索，而是使用Ecosia。)”和第二段的“TheBerlin-basedstart-upinvests80percentofitsprofitsintreeplanting.(這家總部位于柏林的初創(chuàng)公司將80%的利潤用于植樹。)”可知，Ecosia不同于谷歌和雅虎的是它將大部分利潤用于植樹項目。故選D。14．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thecompanyalsoreliesonsatelliteimagingtohelpensuremillionsoftreesitfundsaren’tsubjecttologging.(該公司還依靠衛(wèi)星成像來幫助確保其資助的數(shù)百萬棵樹木不會被砍伐。)”可知，衛(wèi)星成像被用來保護樹木不被砍伐。故選C。15．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“Whenitcomestobeingaforceforsocialgood,Ecosiaseemstowalkthewalk.Astheclimatemovementworldwidegrows,theinternethasnotescapedscrutinyforitscarbonfootprint—andforgoodreason.InearlyAugust,thecompanyannouncedthatwiththecompletionofitssecondsolarplant,itisreturningenoughrenewableenergytothegridtooffsetmorethan100percentoftheenergyusedbyMicrosofttopowerEcosiasearches.Giventhattreessuckupcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,thestart-upclaimsthateachEcosiainternetsearchactuallyremoves1kgofCO2fromtheatmosphere.(當談到成為社會公益力量時，Ecosia似乎在實踐自己的諾言。隨著全球氣候運動的發(fā)展，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并沒有逃脫對其碳足跡的審查——這是有充分理由的。8月初，該公司宣布，隨著第二座太陽能發(fā)電廠的建成，它將向電網(wǎng)提供足夠的可再生能源，以抵消微軟用于Ecosia搜索的能源?？紤]到樹木從大氣中吸收二氧化碳，這家初創(chuàng)公司聲稱，每次Ecosia互聯(lián)網(wǎng)搜索實際上可以從大氣中去除1公斤的二氧化碳。)”可推斷，Ecosia一直在努力保護環(huán)境，故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverarguedwithafriend,andsaidordonesomethingyouregretted?Sometimesitcanbehardtoputthingsright,especiallywhenfeelingshavebeenhurt.Apologizingcanunderstandwhyyoufelloutinthefirstplace.____16____Whydoweargue?Youmightthinkyourfootballteamisfantasticbutyourfrienddisagrees;oryoudon’twantsomeonejoininginyourgame.Sometimes,especiallyifyou’reangry,thingscanbeoutofcontrolandyou’llsayordosomethingyouregret.____17____.Arguinganddisagreeingwithothersoccasionallyisnormal—wealldoit—butit’simportanttoresolveyourdifferencesafterwardssobadfeelingsdon’tgetworse.Thisiswhereanapologycanhelp.____18____?Weallmakemistakes,andapologizingisawayofadmittingwe’vegotsomethingwrongandwilltrynottodoitagain.DrJenniferThomas,apsychologist,believesanapologyneedstoshowtheotherpersonthatwe’regenuinelysorry.Meanwhile,weacceptresponsibilityforouractionsandwantforgiveness.Whatifit’snotmyfault?Sometimesanotherpersonmaypressureyouintotakingtheblamewhenit’snotyourfault.Ifyoufeelthisishappening,youhadbettercommunicatewiththem.____19____.Ifyoustillcan’tagree,youcouldaskaparentorteachertohelpyouresolvetheproblem.Doesapologizingalwayswork?Sorryonitsownmightnotalwaysbeenough,sotrytoasktheotherpersonhowtheyfeltwhileyouwerearguing.Explainyoursidetoo,andmakeitclearyou’lltrynottorepeatthesamemistakeagain.____20____.Itmaytaketimeforsomeonetounderstandandforgive.Evenafteryou’vesaidsorry,youcouldstillfeelbadbutyoucanfeelgoodabouttryingtofixthingsandpromisingyourselftodobetternexttime.A.WhatdoessayingsorrymeanB.WeargueforallkindsofreasonsC.WhatdowemakemistakesinlifeD.Agenuineapologyisn’tamagicwandE.HerearesomewaystoapologizetoothersF.KnowinghowtoapologizecanhelpyoubecomefriendsagainG.Trytalkingaboutwhyyouargueatfirstandexplainyourfeeling【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。該文章主要介紹了爭吵和內(nèi)疚的感覺，以及道歉的重要性，尤其是在解決尷尬的情況下。該文章還提出了一些道歉的方式，如承認錯誤，真誠地向?qū)Ψ降狼福约霸噲D不再犯同樣的錯誤等。最后，文章提醒我們即使道歉了，也可能需要時間來獲得對方的理解和原諒。〖答案〗16.F17.B18.A19.G20.D16．〖解析〗根據(jù)前文“Haveyoueverarguedwithafriend,andsaidordonesomethingyouregretted?Sometimesitcanbehardtoputthingsright,especiallywhenfeelingshavebeenhurt.Apologizingcanunderstandwhyyoufelloutinthefirstplace.(你有沒有和朋友爭吵過，并做出了你后悔的言行？有時候想要彌補過錯是很困難的，特別是當感情受到傷害時。道歉可以讓對方理解你們?yōu)槭裁磿萑霠幊场?”可知，此處強調(diào)針對于曾經(jīng)傷害朋友，與朋友吵架，道歉可以讓對方明白為什么你們會陷入爭吵即強調(diào)道歉的好處。F選項“Knowinghowtoapologizecanhelpyoubecomefriendsagain(知道如何道歉可以幫助你們再次成為朋友)”承上啟下，指出道歉的好處，同時需要引起下文，指出我們應(yīng)該如何道歉，符合語境。故選F。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)本段段旨“Whydoweargue?(我們?yōu)槭裁匆獱幷摚?”以及空前“

Sometimes,especiallyifyou’reangry,thingscanbeoutofcontrolandyou’llsayordosomethingyouregret.(有時候，特別是當你生氣的時候，事情可能會失去控制，你會說或做一些讓你后悔的事情。)”可知，此處介紹發(fā)生爭論的原因。B選項“Weargueforallkindsofreasons(我們有各種各樣的理由爭論)”承接前文，我們是有著各種各樣的理由來爭吵的，爭論的原因可以是多樣的，符合語境。故選B。18．〖解析〗根據(jù)后文“

DrJenniferThomas,apsychologist,believesanapologyneedstoshowtheotherpersonthatwe’regenuinelysorry.Meanwhile,weacceptresponsibilityforouractionsandwantforgiveness.(心理學(xué)家詹妮弗·托馬斯博士認為，道歉需要向?qū)Ψ奖砻魑覀冋娴暮鼙?。同時，我們?yōu)樽约旱男袨槌袚?dān)責(zé)任，希望得到原諒。)”可知，此處強調(diào)向別人道歉，說對不起的目的和意義是什么即道歉需要向?qū)Ψ奖砻魑覀冋娴暮鼙?。同時，我們?yōu)樽约旱男袨槌袚?dān)責(zé)任，希望得到原諒。A選項“Whatdoessayingsorrymean(說對不起是什么意思)”可知，本段強調(diào)向別人說抱歉，說對不起的意思或者最終的目的是什么，概括本段主要內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選A。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)前文“Ifyoufeelthisishappening,youhadbettercommunicatewiththem.

(如果你覺得這種情況正在發(fā)生，你最好與他們溝通。)”可知，此處強調(diào)如果發(fā)生爭吵，要與朋友進行溝通。G選項“Trytalkingaboutwhyyouargueatfirstandexplainyourfeeling(試著談?wù)劄槭裁茨銈円婚_始會爭吵，并解釋你的感受)”中解釋自己的感受則為溝通的過程，承接前文，符合語境。故選G。20．〖解析〗根據(jù)后文“

Itmaytaketimeforsomeonetounderstandandforgive.(別人的理解和原諒可能需要時間。)”可知，有時候真摯的道歉并不一定能夠得到朋友的原諒。因為別人的理解和原諒可能需要時間。D選項“Agenuineapologyisn’tamagicwand(真誠的道歉不是魔法棒)”引起下文，指出真摯的道歉不是魔法棒，即道歉之后不一定能夠得到朋友的原諒，該選項中Agenuineapology與后文的it形成呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選D。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Anybodycangrowolder.Thatdoesn’ttakeanytalentorability.Theideaistogrowupbyalwaysfindingopportunityinchange.Thefirstdayofschoolourprofessorintroducedhimselfand____21____ustogettoknowsomeonewedidn’talreadyknow.Irosetolookaroundwhenagentlehandtouchedmyshoulder.Shesaid,“Hihandsome.MynameisRose.I’m87yearsold.CanIgiveyoua____22____?”Ilaughedand____23____responded“Whynot!”“Whyareyouincollegeatsucha(n)____24____,innocentage?”Iasked.She____25____replied,“I’mheretomeetarichhusband,get____26____,andhaveacoupleofkids…”“Noseriously,”Iasked.Iwascuriouswhatmayhave____27____hertobetakingonthischallengeatherage.“Ialways____28____havingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!”shetoldme.Afterclasswewalkedtothestudentunionbuildingand____29____achocolatemilkshake.Webecame_____30_____friends.Everydayforthenextthreemonths,wewould_____31_____togetherafterclassandtalk_____32_____.Iwasalwayslisteningtothis“timemachine”asshesharedher_____33_____andexperiencewithme.Overthe_____34_____oftheyear,Rosebecameacampusiconandshe_____35_____madefriendswherevershewent.Attheyear’sendRosefinishedthecollege_____36_____shehadbegunallthoseyearsago.Oneweekafter_____37_____Rosediedpeacefullyinhersleep.Overtwothousandcollegestudentsattendedherfuneralintribute(致敬)tothewonderfulwomanwhotaught_____38_____thatit’snevertoo_____39_____tobeallyoucanpossiblybe.Whenyoufinishreadingthis,pleaseremember,growingolderismandatory(強制性的).Growingupis_____40_____.21.A.persuaded B.challenged C.questioned D.required22.A.laugh B.book C.hand D.hug23.A.actively B.reluctantly C.enthusiastically D.passionately24.A.retired B.old C.young D.senior25.A.jokingly B.seriously C.hurriedly D.happily26.A.involved B.engaged C.married D.touched27.A.forced B.motivated C.cheated D.caught28.A.lackedof B.thoughtof C.consistedof D.dreamedof29.A.made B.bought C.found D.shared30.A.instant B.strong C.permanent D.loyal31.A.join B.have C.leave D.quiz32.A.nonstop B.frankly C.merrily D.first33.A.lesson B.memory C.snack D.wisdom34.A.course B.school C.state D.exam35.A.secretly B.shyly C.closely D.easily36.A.period B.degree C.campus D.tour37.A.dinner B.graduation C.ceremony D.congratulation38.A.atrisk B.inperson C.byexample D.withjoy39.A.late B.early C.much D.little40.A.efficient B.natural C.difficult D.optional【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了87歲的羅斯堅持實現(xiàn)自己上大學(xué)的夢想，最終拿到了大學(xué)學(xué)位。羅斯用實際行動證明：去做最優(yōu)秀的自己，什么時候開始都不算太晚?！即鸢浮?1.B22.D23.C24.C25.A26.C27.B28.D29.D30.A31.C32.A33.D34.A35.D36.B37.B38.C39.A40.D21．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：開學(xué)第一天，我們的教授做了自我介紹，并向我們發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，讓我們?nèi)フJ識一個我們之前不認識的人。A.persuaded勸說；B.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；C.questioned正式提問；D.required要求。根據(jù)下文“toknowsomeonewedidn’talreadyknow(認識一個我們之前不認識的人)”可推理出，教授向同學(xué)們發(fā)起一個有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，故選B項。22．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我可以給你個擁抱嗎？A.laugh笑；B.book書；C.hand手；D.hug擁抱。根據(jù)上文“toknowsomeonewedidn’talreadyknow(認識一個我們之前不認識的人)”以及“Hihandsome.MynameisRose.(你好，帥哥。我叫羅斯。)”可知羅斯主動站起來向作者打招呼，可推理出，羅斯希望給作者一個擁抱，故選D項。23．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我笑了起來，熱情地回答：“當然可以啦！”A.actively積極地；B.reluctantly不情愿地；C.enthusiastically滿腔熱情地；D.passionately激昂地。根據(jù)下文“Whynot(當然可以啦)”可知，作者滿腔熱情地接受了羅斯的擁抱，故選C項。24．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。您為什么在如此年輕、如此天真爛漫的年齡上大學(xué)？A.retired退休的；B.old老的；C.young年輕的；D.senior資深的。根據(jù)下文“innocent(天真爛漫的)”以及“I’mheretomeetarichhusband(我是來找個有錢的老公)”可知，羅斯在和作者開玩笑，空白處應(yīng)填表示“年輕的”含義的形容詞與下文“innocent(天真爛漫的)”形成并列關(guān)系，故選C項。25．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她打趣地回答道：“我是來找個有錢的老公，跟他結(jié)婚，然后再生幾個孩子……”。A.jokingly打趣地；B.seriously嚴肅地；C.hurriedly倉促地；D.happily高興地。根據(jù)下文“I’mheretomeetarichhusband(我是來找個有錢的老公)”可知，羅斯在開玩笑，故選A項。26．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.involved受牽扯的；B.engaged忙碌的；C.married已婚的；D.touched受感動的。根據(jù)下文“haveacoupleofkids(生幾個孩子)”可推理出，上文說的是結(jié)婚，故選C項。27．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很好奇，會是什么樣的動機促使她在如此高齡來接受這樣的挑戰(zhàn)。A.forced迫使；B.motivated激發(fā)；C.cheated欺騙；D.caught抓住。根據(jù)下文“Ialways…h(huán)avingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!(我一直有個上大學(xué)的……，現(xiàn)在我得到它了)”可知，此處上下文說的是促使羅斯在如此高齡仍然要接受上大學(xué)這個挑戰(zhàn)的動機，故選B項。28．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.lackedof缺乏；B.thoughtof認為；C.consistedof由……組成；D.dreamedof夢想。根據(jù)下文“havingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!(有個上大學(xué)的……，現(xiàn)在我得到了)”可推理出，羅斯現(xiàn)在能上大學(xué)了，實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想，所以空白處應(yīng)填表示“夢想”含義的名詞，故選D項。29．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：下課后，我們走進學(xué)生會大樓，分享了一杯巧克力奶昔。A.made制作；B.bought買；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.shared分享。根據(jù)下文“achocolatemilkshake(一杯巧克力奶昔)”可知，兩個人只有一杯巧克力奶昔，可推理出兩人分享了一杯巧克力奶昔，故選D項。30．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很快成了朋友。A.instant立即的；B.strong強壯的；C.permanent長期的；D.loyal忠誠的。根據(jù)上文“Afterclass(下課以后)”可知兩人經(jīng)過了一節(jié)課的時間就成為了朋友，說明兩人很快成為了朋友，故選A項。31．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的三個月中，我們下課后一起離開，然后一路上聊個不停。A.join加入；B.have擁有；C.leave離開；D.quiz詢問。根據(jù)下文“afterclass(下課后)”可知，此處上下文說的是下課后兩人一起離開教室，故選C項。32．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.nonstop不停地；B.frankly坦白地；C.merrily快樂地；D.first最初。根據(jù)上文“Everydayforthenextthreemonths,wewouldleavetogetherafterclassandtalk(在接下來的三個月里，我們每天放學(xué)后都會一起離開，并且交談)”可知，兩個人已經(jīng)形成了很親密的友誼，可推理出兩人有較多的交談，分析選項，A項“nonstop不停地”表達的含義符合語境，故選A項。33．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當她與我分享她的智慧與人生閱歷時，我總是如癡如醉地成為這位“時光機器”的忠實聽眾。A.lesson課；B.memory記憶；C.snack快餐；D.wisdom智慧。根據(jù)下文“experience(經(jīng)歷)”可知，此處上下文說的是羅斯在向作者分享她的人生經(jīng)歷，分析選項，D項“wisdom智慧”表達的含義可以與上文“experience(經(jīng)歷)”形成并列關(guān)系，故選D項。34．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這一年里，蘿絲成為了校園里的偶像，無論走到哪里，她總能很容易地交到朋友。A.course進程；B.school學(xué)校；C.state州；D.exam考試。根據(jù)下文“oftheyear(這一年)”可知，此處上下文說的是這一年的過程中，故選A項。35．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.secretly秘密地；B.shyly害羞地；C.closely嚴密地；D.easily容易地。根據(jù)下文“Rosebecameacampusicon(成為了校園里的偶像)”以及“madefriendswherevershewent(無論走到哪里，她總能……交到朋友)”可知，羅斯很受歡迎，可推理出羅斯很容易地交到朋友，故選D項。36．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一年的年底，蘿絲完成了她的全部大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，這花了她好幾年時間。A.period一段時間；B.degree學(xué)位；C.campus校園；D.tour旅行。根據(jù)上文“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!(我一直夢想著接受大學(xué)教育，現(xiàn)在我的夢想實現(xiàn)了)”可知羅斯上大學(xué)，完成的是大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，可推理出，羅斯拿到的是大學(xué)學(xué)位，故選B項。37．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畢業(yè)一個星期后，蘿絲在睡夢中安詳?shù)仉x開了人世。A.dinner晚餐；B.graduation畢業(yè)；C.ceremony典禮；D.congratulation祝賀。根據(jù)上文“Attheyear’sendRosefinishedthecollegedegreeshehadbegunallthoseyearsago.(這一年的年底，蘿絲完成了她的全部大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，這花了她好幾年時間)”，可知，此處上下文說的是羅斯大學(xué)畢業(yè)，故選B項。38．〖解析〗考查介詞短語辨析。句意：兩千多名大學(xué)生參加了她的葬禮，來悼念這位用自己的實際行動教會我們這樣一個道理的了不起的女性：去做最優(yōu)秀的自己，什么時候開始都不算太晚。A.atrisk有危險；B.inperson親自；C.byexample用實際行動；D.withjoy高興地。根據(jù)上文“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!(我一直夢想著接受大學(xué)教育，現(xiàn)在我的夢想實現(xiàn)了)”以及“Attheyear’sendRosefinishedthecollegedegreeshehadbegunallthoseyearsago.(這一年的年底，蘿絲完成了她的全部大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，這花了她好幾年時間)”可知，羅斯用實際行動教會了大家：去做最優(yōu)秀的自己，什么時候開始都不算太晚，故選C項。39．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.late晚；B.early早；C.much多；D.little少。根據(jù)上文“Hihandsome.MynameisRose.I’m87yearsold(