高一英語(yǔ)開學(xué)摸底考（上海專用）（考試版）

2024屆高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底考（上海專用）英語(yǔ)（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：140分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。I.ListeningComprehension（第1-10題,每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave1．A．10:00. B．10:10. C．10:20. D．10:30.2．A．Gototheoffice. B．Keepcalling.C．Tryonlinebooking. D．Seeadoctor.3．A．Sheallowshimtositdown.B．She'llmindifhesitsdown.C．Shedoesn'twantthemantositwithher.D．Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherhesitsdownornot,A．Cookandbaker. B．Waitressanddiner.C．Patientanddentist. D．Tailorandcustomer.A．Onabus. B．Inaswimmingpool.C．InanEnglishclass. D．Inasportinggoodsstore.6．A．Pan-friedsalmonwithpeppersauce,steamedvegetableswithcheesesauce.B．Pan-friedsalmonwithpeppersauce,steamedvegetableswithnosauce.C．Grilledsalmonwithpeppersauce,steamedvegetableswithnosauce.D．Grilledsalmonwithpeppersauce,steamedvegetableswithcheesesauce.7．A．MaChao’sachievementisjustacoincidence.B．MaChao’semployeeevaluationreportistoogeneral.C．MaChaoisdoingagoodenoughjobtogetpromoted.D．11outof12projectsMahasworkedonarequitesuccessful.8．A．Allthedeliverycostwillbecoveredbythewoman.B．Allthedeliverycostwillbecoveredbythecompany.C．Thecostfortheexpressmailwillbecoveredbythecompany.D．Thecostforreturningthegoodswillbecoveredbythewoman.9．A．Hiringmoretemporarystaff.B．Findingaconsultanttogetmoreadvice.C．Hiringmoreworkersduringthesummerholidays.D．Hiringmoreworkersduringtheyear-endholidays.10．A．Toextendthelifespansofoldpeople.B．Tosendnursestopeople’shomes.C．Toincreaseoldpeople’syearsofactivity.D．Toinstructoldpeopleonhealthylifestyles.SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11．A．Caribbeancurryhouse. B．OldMontreal.C．Notre-DameBasilica. D．RueSt.Denis.12．A．Bybus. B．Bytaxi.C．Bymetro. D．Walking.13．A．Thebotanicalgarden. B．Notre-DameBasilica.C．Theschoolforreligiousstudy. D．Theartgalleriesandmuseums.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14．A．Basketball. B．Tabletennis.C．Badminton. D．Football.15．A．Negative. B．Positive.C．Neutral. D．Objective.16．A．Thechoicesandbenefitsofchildren’ssports.B．Thereasonsforchildrentoplaysports.C．Theimportanceofplayingsportsforchildren.D．Thekindofchildren’ssports.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17．A．Thebuildersofthehouse.B．Thedesignersofthehouse.C．TheWorldTreehouseConference.D．Thetreehouse.18．A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.19．A．InOct.1997. B．InOct.1979.C．InOct.2000. D．InOct.2007.20．A．PeterNelson. B．MichaelGarnier.C．AlainLaurens. D．PeterGarnier.II.GrammarandVocabulary（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheOriginofNewYear’sResolutionsHappyNewYear!FormanyintheUK,iftheNewYearmeansanything,itmeans21(turn)overnewleaf.Andtodothis,manyofusmakeNewYear’sresolutions-alistofways22weintendtoimproveourselvesintheyearahead.Wereflectonourpastmistakesandmakeupourmindsnottodothemagain.23(give)upsmokingiseverpopular,asisapromisetotakeupmoreexerciseorspendmoretimewithfamily.ButhaveyoueverwonderedwhentheideaofaNewYear’sresolutioncomesfrom?TheanswermightlieinancientBabylonia,accordingtoHistory.com.TheBabylonians24(believe)tobethefirsttoholdrecordedcelebrationsfortheNewYear.The12day-longcelebration,25(name)Akitu,allowedthemnotonly26(show)theirloyaltytotheKing,butalsotoappealtothegodstopaytheirdebtsandreturntheborrowedobjects.TheancientRomanstoohadsimilartraditions.NewYear’sDaywasatime27allgovernmentofficerswouldtakeanoath(發(fā)誓)thatthey28obeythelawsandsupportthecityleader.Incidentally,themonthofJanuaryisnamedaftertheRomangodJanus.Heisthegodofbeginnings,transitionsandtime,amongotherthingsandisdescribedashavingtwofaces-onelookingtothepastand29facingforwardtothefuture.Whetheryou’relookingataquickbehavioralchange30ahugepersonalitycheckup,you’retakingpartinatraditionthatgoesbackcenturies.Iwishyouallthebeststickingtoyourresolutions.HappyNewYear!SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA．RegularlyB．factorsC．smoothD．innerE.wristsF.hurtfulG.preventionH.affectI.effectivelyJ.maintainedK.determinedThisisthebestbedtimetoavoidheartdiseaseThetimeyougotobedmayhavesomethingtodowithyourriskforheartdisease.Infact,researcherssay,thereisahearthealthsweetspotforfallingasleep:from10to11p.m.Thebodyhasa24-hour31clockthathelpsregulatephysicalandmentalfunctioning.“Ourstudysuggeststhatearlyorlatebedtimesmaybemorelikelytodisturbthebodyclock,with32consequencesforcardiovascular(心血管的)health,“saidPlans,whoisaseniorlecturerintheUniversityofExeterintheU.K.Toexplorehowdifferentbedtimesmight33hearthealth,PlansandcolleaguesatHuma,turnedtoUKBiobank,abiomedicaldatabase(數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)).UKBiobank34informationaboutmorethan500,000volunteersandprovidedinformationabouttheirpersonalinformation,lifestylesandhealth.Theirphysicalhealthrecordswerealsoevaluated.Theresearchersfocusedon88,926adults,averageage61,whoworedevicesthatrecorddatawhenapersonmovesontheir35forsevendays.Withthedevicesdata,theresearchers36thetimesofsleepstartandwaking.Duringanaveragefollow-upperiodof5.7years,3,172ofthepeopleonthelist(3.6percent)experiencedcardiovascularevents,suchasheartattacksorheartfailure-happeningwashighestamongpeoplewithsleeptimesatmidnightorlaterandlowestamongthosewhofellasleepfrom10to10:59p.m.Evenwhenanumberof37weretakenintoaccount—includingage,gender,sleepduration,beinganearlybirdornightowl,smokingstatus,bloodpressure—fallingasleep38atmidnightorlaterwasstilllinkedtothehighestincreasedriskofheartdisease.“Thenewstudyreallystrengthenswhatweknowfromacardiovascularrisk39opinion—sleepisariskfactor,”saidDr.FrancoiseMarvel,anassistantprofessorandco-directoroftheJohnsHopkinsDigitalHealthLabatJohnsHopkinsMedicineinBaltimore.“Butthereisahugeimportantgaptorecognize:Thereisnoevidencetosuggestatthispointthatimprovingsleepwill40reducecardiovascularevents,likeheartattack.”III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-55每題1分；56-70每題2分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.IusedtohatebeingcalleduponinclassmainlybecauseIdidn’tlikeattentiondrawntomyself.Andunlessotherwiseassignedaseatbytheteacher,Ialways41tositatthebackoftheclassroom.Allthis42afterIjoinedasportsteam.Itbeginwhenateacher43Ishouldtryoutforthebasketballteam.AtfirstIthoughtitwasa(n)44ideabecauseIdidn’thaveagoodsenseofbalance.NordidIhavetheteamabilitytokeeppacewiththeothersontheteamandtheywouldlaughatme.Butfortheteacherwhokeptinsistingonmy“goingforit,”Iwouldn’thavedecidedtogiveatry.Takingthe45togotothetryoutswasonlythehalfofit!WhenIfirststartedattendingthepracticesessions,Ididn’tevenknowtherulesofthegame.SometimesIwouldget46andtakeashotatthewrongdirection--whichmademefeelreallystupid.47,Iwasn’ttheonlyone“new”atthegames,soIdecidedto48learningthegame,domybestateachpracticeseesion,andnotbetoohardonmyselfforthethingsIdidn’tknow“justyet.”Ipracticedandpracticed.SoonIknewthe49andthe“moves”.Beingpartofateamwasfunandexciting.Verysoonthecompetitivepartinmewaswinningovermy50confidence.Withtime,Ilearnedhowtoplayandmadefriendsintheprocess--friendswho51myeffortstoworkhardandbeateamplayer.Ineverhadsomuchfun!Withmyimprovedself-confidencecomesmore52fromteachersandclassmates.Ihavegonefrom“53”inthebackoftheclassroomandnotwantingtocall54tomyself,toraisingmyhand--evenwhenIsometimesamnot100percent55Ihadtherightanswer.NowIhavemoreself-confidenceinmyself.41．A．hesitated B．chose C．declined D．turned42．A．reflected B．remained C．changed D．ruined43．A．a(chǎn)dmitted B．objected C．suggested D．considered44．A．crazy B．funny C．interesting D．wonderful45．A．signal B．impression C．courage D．hesitation46．A．confused B．bored C．a(chǎn)ssisted D．frightened47．A．Effectively B．Regularly C．Historically D．Fortunately48．A．glanceat B．concentrateon C．a(chǎn)pplyfor D．a(chǎn)ccountfor49．A．rules B．structures C．remarks D．gestures50．A．preferenceto B．overuseof C．lackof D．a(chǎn)warenessof51．A．experienced B．included C．involved D．respected52．A．stress B．praise C．energy D．sigh53．A．sealing B．lasting C．a(chǎn)ttracting D．hiding54．A．a(chǎn)ttention B．a(chǎn)uthority C．hostility D．damage55．A．depressed B．regretful C．pleased D．sureSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.A36hoursinSienaSienatakessomebeating.TheCampo,itsmainsquare,isconsideredoneofEurope’sfinestmedieval(中世紀(jì)的)squares.Itscathedral(大教堂)isthemostbeautifulincentralItaly.Theartalonethatcanbefoundinitsmanychurches,galleriesandmuseumscouldkeepyoubusyexploringforweeksonend.WhileneverasoverrunasFlorence,Sienaseesplentyofvisitors.ByOctoberandNovember,theSienesearereclaimingtheirstreets,andtheburningheathasgiventothegentlewarmthoftheTuscanautumn.Foodintherestaurantsseesthearrivalofseasonalspecialtiessuchasporcini(牛肝菌)andjuicygrapes.Tuscany’sbestwine,however,isavailableyear-round.56．Accordingtothearticle,amustforfoodloverstovisitinSienais________.A．ViadiCittà B．theMuseodell’OperaC．PiazzaSalimbeni D．thePinacotecaNazionale57．WecanlearnfromthearticlethatDuomodiSiena________.A．isfreetopublicB．isthelargestcathedralinItalyC．fellintoruinaftertheBlackDeathof1348D．hasveryfinemedievalfrescoesandsculptures58．Basedoninformationfromthearticle,visitorscandoallofthefollowingthingsallyearroundinSienaEXCEPT________.A．enjoyacupofcappuccinoB．shopandstrollthroughthestreetsC．tastethearea’sdeliciousporciniandjuicygrapesD．a(chǎn)dmirethearea’schurches,galleriesandmuseumsBFormanypeople,leisuretimeisanopportunitytogetoutdoors,havesomefun,andmeetinterestingpeople.Addtwopiecesofsophisticated21stcenturytechnology,globalpositioningsystem(GPS)devicesandtheInternet,toget“geocaching.”Thewordgeocachingcomesfrom“geo”(earth)and“cache”(hiddentreasure).Geocacherslogontoawebsitetofindinformationaboutthelocationofacache—usuallyawaterproofplasticboxcontainingsmallitemssuchastoysandCDs,alongwithalogbookwhere“finders”canentercommentsandlearnaboutthecache’s“owner,”thepersonwhocreatedandhidthecache.Findersmaytakeanyoftheitemsinthecachebutareexpectedtoreplacethemwithsomethingofsimilarvalue.Theythenvisitthewebsiteagainandwriteamessagetotheowner.GeocachingbecamepossibleonMay1,2000,whenU.S.PresidentBillClintonannouncedthatasatellitesystemdevelopedbytheU.S.DepartmentofDefensewouldbemadepublic.UsingafairlyinexpensiveGPSdevice,anyoneonearthcansendasignaltothesatellitesandreceiveinformationabouttheirposition.Thisisbasicallyahigh-techversionoforienteering,whichusesmapsandcompassestodetermineone’slocation.Geocachersareaveryconsiderategroup.Ownersareaskedtothinkcarefullyaboutacache’slocationinordertogivefindersanenjoyableexperience,suchasabeautifulvieworagoodcampsite.Theymustalsoconsidertheenvironmentalimpactoftheircachesinceitcouldresultinanincreasednumberofvisitorstothearea.Asforthecontentofthecaches,ownersandfindersareaskedtorememberthatcachesarefoundbygeocachersofallages.Anytreasuresinthecachesshouldbesuitableforthewholefamily.Sincegeocachingisanewactivitygovernedonlybythegeneralagreementofpeopleinonlinediscussiongroups,itisalwayschanging.Variationsinclude“travelbugs,”whichareobjectswithtagsthataskfinderstomovethemtonewlocations,whicharethentrackedonline.“Multi-caches”directfindersfromonelocationtothenextuntiltheylocatetheactualcaches.“Virtualcaches”arelocatedinparksorenvironmentallysensitiveareaswherephysicalcachesarenotappropriate.Theseareusuallylandmarks,suchasmonumentsorhistoricalmarkers.Interestedingeocaching?LookforgeocachinggroupsandeventsinEurope.Russia,andtheUnitedStates,orvisitgeocachingwebsitesfromanycomputerintheworld.59．Accordingtothepassage,geocachingis_________A．a(chǎn)goodleisureactivityforpeoplewhodon’tlikegoingoutdoorsB．a(chǎn)newleisureactivitywiththehelpofsomenewtechnologyC．a(chǎn)goldenopportunityforpeopletolearnsomenewtechnologyD．a(chǎn)goodchancetomeetfamouspeoplelikePresidentClinton60．Whichofthefollowingisnotpartofgeocaching?A．a(chǎn)GPSdevice B．a(chǎn)shovelC．theInternet D．toysorothersmallobjects61．Geocachersneedtothinkabouttheenvironment,because_________.A．theirGPSdevicesproduceelectricalsignalsB．theyareaveryconsiderategroupC．theiractivitymaydrawmorepeopletotheareaD．theirdestinationsalwaysincludeabeautifulvieworcampsite62．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Geocachingisanewactivitysupportedbythelocalgovernment.B．Withouttheowner’spermission,finderscan’ttakethetreasure.C．Thankstothenewtechnology,geocachinghasmanyvariations.D．Geocachingisappropriateforthewholefamilytodotogether.CPeopleclimbingMountEverestaretwotimesaslikelytoreachthetopandlesslikelytodieontheclimbthan20yearsago,anewstudyfinds.Everest,highintheHimalayans,isthetallestmountainabovesealevelonEarth.Itreaches8,848metersintothesky.Between2006and2019,aroundtwothirdsofclimbersweresuccessfulintheirattempttoreachthetop.Inthe15yearsbeforethat,onlyaboutone—thirdwentallthewaytothetop.ThenumberofattemptstoreachthetopofEveresthasrisensharplyovertheyears,leadingtoa300percentincreaseinovercrowding.In2019,955climberstriedtoreachthemountaintop.Only222peopledidsoin2000.ThestudynotedthatonasingledayinMayoflastyear,396climbershadgatheredatthenarrowpathjustbelowthetop.Thearea,knownasthe“deathzone,”issonarrowthatonlyasmallnumberofclimberscanpassthrough,onedirectlybehindanother.NineclimbersdiedonEverestinMay2019.ItwasthedeadliestEverestclimbingseasonsince2015whenanearthquakekilledatleast18peopleonthemountain.Apictureofclimberswaitingtheirtuntogoupanddownthroughthedeathzonebecamefamousasitwassharedonline.Yetresearcherssaythecrowdswerenotthemainreasonforthedeathslastyear.“Surprisinglycrowdinghasnoevidenteffectonsuccessordeath”ofEverestclimbers,thestudysaid.However,overcrowdingdoesmaketheclimbmoredangerous.“Ifcrowdingslowsclimbers(asisexpected),thisincreasestheirexposuretotheelements,whichshouldincreaseriskofanaccidentorillness,”saidRaymondB．Huey,leadwriterofthereport.Anunexpectedstorm,earthquake,orlandslidecouldbedisastrous,hetoldReutersbyemail.Climbershaveexpressedconcernaboutgivinganyonewillingtopaythegovernment$11,000permissiontoclimbEverest.Nepalplanstochangeitspolicytorequireclimberstouseguides,andmeetphysicalfitnessandexperiencequalifications,saidtourismdepartmentofficialMiraAcharya.Nepaltemporarilycloseditsmountainstoclimbersbecauseofthecoronavirushealthcrisis.Nowtheyareopenagain.However,AcharyanotedthatflightsintoandwithinNepalhavenotrestarted.63．Supposing900peopletookpartintheclimbingMountEverestbetween1990and2005,howmanyofthemreachedthetop?A．300. B．400. C．500. D．60064．Whydoesovercrowdingmaketheclimbingmoredangerous?A．Becauseitsurprisinglyleadstodeathforthoseclimbers.B．Becauseitstoppedtheclimbersfromreachingthetopattheareacalled“deathzone”.C．Becauseitexposesclimberstoincreasingriskofanaccidentorillness.D．Becauseitgetsclimbersstrandedin“deathzone”andunabletogetfurthersupplies.65．Accordingtothereport,whatisthepossiblereasonforovercrowding?A．MorepeoplewanttoexperiencetheclimbingtothetopofMountEverest.B．Apictureofclimberswaitingtoreachthetopinspiresmorepeopletogiveitatry.C．Nepalgovernmentgivesclimberspermissionwithoutrestrictions.D．MorepeoplewanttoclimbtheMountEverestbeforeNepaltakesrestrictions.66．Whatisthegeneralideaofthispassage?A．ClimbersaremorelikelytolosetheirlivesbeforeReachingTopofMountEverest.B．MoreclimbersneedtobetrainedbeforeclimbingMountEverest.C．Enoughexperienceinclimbingmountainsmatterssomuch.D．ClimbersaretwiceaslikelytoreachtopofMountEverestthaninPast.SectionCDirections:thefollowingpassages.ineachblankwithasentenceintheEachsentencebethatsentencesneed.Thenewsemesterhasbegun,andit’llbeafreshstartforyou.Firstofall,congratulations!67Nowthehardworkreallybegins.You’reprobablyfeelingexcitedormaybeabitnervousaboutwhatawaitsyouatseniorhigh.Whateveryonementionsistheincreasedschoolworkandpreparingforgaokao,butseniorhighisnotallaboutthenationalcollegeentranceexam.68Injuniorhigh,youfollowedyourteacher’sinstructions.Butasasenior,you’reexpectedtothinkandstudyindependently-howyouorganizeyourstudynotesandhowoftenyoustudyareleftuptoyou.69Thefirstyearinseniorhighoffersmanydevelopmentopportunities.Joiningvariousactivitiescanenrichyourschoollife,helpyoutomakenewfriends,broadenyourhorizons(開闊眼界)anddealwithstressfulsituations.70So,openyourselfupandmakenewfriends.Lifewillbeeasierandmoreexcitingifyouhavepeopletosharethegoodtimesandthebadtimesoftheseyears.A．You’vesuccessfullygraduatedfromjuniorhighschool.B．However,studyingisnotthemostimportantthing.C．Sofromnowon,trytoexplorethefieldyou’reinterestedin.D．Manysaythattheymakelifelongfriendsinhighschool.E．Indeed,youshouldn’tbeafraidofmovinguptoseniorhighschoolF．Intruth,itisaboutpreparingforthefutureandbeingresponsible.IV.SummaryWriting(共10分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Cyclingisn’talwayseasy.Busystreets,honkinghorns,andinadequatebikelanescanmakeitanuphillbattle.ButnoteventhesedifficultiescanstopEuropeans’passionforcycling.AccordingtoBBC,bicyclesoutsoldcarsinmostoftheEuropeanUnion’sstateslastyear.Therearetraditionalbicyclecapitals”,suchasAmsterdamintheNetherlandsandCopenhageninDenmark.Butinmanyothertraditionallycar-madecountries,theshifttobikesisstriking.Italians,forinstance,bought1.6millionbikesagainst1.4millioncarsin2012.Sowhathasledtocycling’sgrowingpopularityinEurope?Theeconomiccrisishasplayedanimportantroleintheissue.“Theeconomiccrisishashadaneffectonallareasofpeople’slives,includingontransport,”GiuliettaPagliaccio,headoftheItaliancyclingfederationFIAB,toldtheAustralianAssociatedPress.SincetheEuropeandebtcrisisbrokeoutin2009,morepeoplelosttheirjobswhilethecostofliving,includingfuelcosts,continuedtorise.Itforcedmanypeopletogiveupdrivingtosavemoney,theGuangzhou-basedNewExpresscommented.TakeGreece,acountryseriouslyhitbythecrisis,forexample.Itsold320,000bikeslastyearagainst58,000cars.Moreimportantly,peoplehavechangedtheirviewstowardcarsandbikes.Carsarelosingtheirappealasstatussymbols.Yet,cyclingisnowseenas“asafe,clean,healthy,inexpensivewaytogetaroundtown”,theDailyStarconcluded.“Itnotonlyreducestrafficjamandpollution,butalsocontributestopublichealth.”However,withmoreandmorepeopleturningtocycling,questionsremainabouttrafficandsafetyproblems.Toeasepeople’sworries,dozensofcitieshavejoinedaEuropeanUniontomakebicyclesequaltocarsasaformofurbantransport.Quiteafewcitiesnowofferwell-