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專題19全等三角形【考查題型】【知識要點(diǎn)】知識點(diǎn)1全等三角形及其性質(zhì)全等圖形概念:能完全重合的兩個(gè)圖形叫做全等圖形。全等圖形的性質(zhì):①形狀相同。②大小相等。③對應(yīng)邊相等、對應(yīng)角相等。④周長、面積相等。全等三角形概念:能完全重合的兩個(gè)三角形叫做全等三角形?!狙a(bǔ)充】兩個(gè)三角形全等,互相重合的頂點(diǎn)叫做對應(yīng)頂點(diǎn),互相重合的邊叫做對應(yīng)邊,互相重合的角叫做對應(yīng)角。表示方法:全等用符號“≌”,讀作“全等于”。書寫三角形全等時(shí),要注意對應(yīng)頂點(diǎn)字母要寫在對應(yīng)位置上。全等變換定義:只改變圖形的位置,而不改變圖形的形狀和大小的變換。變換方式(常見):平移、翻折、旋轉(zhuǎn)。全等三角形的性質(zhì):對應(yīng)邊相等,對應(yīng)角相等??疾轭}型一全等三角形的性質(zhì)典例1.(2021·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題)如圖,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是對應(yīng)頂點(diǎn),點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是對應(yīng)頂點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0,垂足為點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的度數(shù)為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】由題意易得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,然后問題可求解.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0;故選B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查全等三角形的性質(zhì)及直角三角形的性質(zhì),熟練掌握全等三角形的性質(zhì)及直角三角形的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式1-1.(2020·山東淄博·中考真題)如圖,若△ABC≌△ADE,則下列結(jié)論中一定成立的是(

)A.AC=DE B.∠BAD=∠CAE C.AB=AE D.∠ABC=∠AED【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)全等三角形的性質(zhì)即可得到結(jié)論.【詳解】解:∵△ABC≌△ADE,∴AC=AE,AB=AD,∠ABC=∠ADE,∠BAC=∠DAE,∴∠BAC﹣∠DAC=∠DAE﹣∠DAC,即∠BAD=∠CAE.故A,C,D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,B選項(xiàng)正確,故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的性質(zhì),熟練掌握全等三角形的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式1-2.(2022·江蘇揚(yáng)州·中考真題)如圖,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為中心逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)得到SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0邊上,SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.下列結(jié)論:①SKIPIF1<0;②SKIPIF1<0平分SKIPIF1<0;③SKIPIF1<0,其中所有正確結(jié)論的序號是(

)A.①② B.②③ C.①③ D.①②③【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì)可得對應(yīng)角相等,對應(yīng)邊相等,進(jìn)而逐項(xiàng)分析判斷即可求解.【詳解】解:∵將SKIPIF1<0以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為中心逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)得到SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,故①正確;SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0平分SKIPIF1<0,故②正確;SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故③正確故選D【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了性質(zhì)的性質(zhì),等邊對等角,相似三角形的性質(zhì)判定與性質(zhì),全等三角形的性質(zhì),掌握以上知識是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式1-3.(2020·天津·中考真題)如圖,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)C順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)得到SKIPIF1<0,使點(diǎn)B的對應(yīng)點(diǎn)E恰好落在邊SKIPIF1<0上,點(diǎn)A的對應(yīng)點(diǎn)為D,延長SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)F,則下列結(jié)論一定正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【分析】本題可通過旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì)得出△ABC與△DEC全等,故可判斷A選項(xiàng);可利用相似的性質(zhì)結(jié)合反證法判斷B,C選項(xiàng);最后根據(jù)角的互換,直角互余判斷D選項(xiàng).【詳解】由已知得:△ABCSKIPIF1<0△DEC,則AC=DC,∠A=∠D,∠B=∠CED,故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;∵∠A=∠A,∠B=∠CED=∠AEF,故△AEFSKIPIF1<0△ABC,則SKIPIF1<0,假設(shè)BC=EF,則有AE=AB,由圖顯然可知AESKIPIF1<0AB,故假設(shè)BC=EF不成立,故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;假設(shè)∠AEF=∠D,則∠CED=∠AEF=∠D,故△CED為等腰直角三角形,即△ABC為等腰直角三角形,因?yàn)轭}干信息△ABC未說明其三角形性質(zhì),故假設(shè)∠AEF=∠D不一定成立,故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;∵∠ACB=90°,∴∠A+∠B=90°.又∵∠A=∠D,∴∠B+∠D=90°.故AB⊥DF,D選項(xiàng)正確.故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì)以及全等三角形的性質(zhì),證明過程常用角的互換、直角互余作為解題工具,另外證明題當(dāng)中反證法也極為常見,需要熟練利用.變式1-4.(2020·湖南懷化·中考真題)如圖,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0________o.【答案】130【分析】證明△ABC≌△ADC即可.【詳解】∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,AC=AC,∴△ABC≌△ADC,∴∠D=∠B=130°,故答案為:130.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),掌握判定定理是解題關(guān)鍵.知識點(diǎn)2:全等三角形的判定(重點(diǎn))一般三角形直角三角形判定邊角邊(SAS)、角邊角(ASA)角角邊(AAS)、邊邊邊(SSS)具備一般三角形的判定方法斜邊和一條直角邊對應(yīng)相等(HL)性質(zhì)對應(yīng)邊相等,對應(yīng)角相等、周長、面積相等對應(yīng)中線相等,對應(yīng)高相等,對應(yīng)角平分線相等【備注】判定兩個(gè)三角形全等必須有一組邊對應(yīng)相等。證題的思路(重點(diǎn)):考查題型二利用SSS證明兩個(gè)三角形全等典例2.(2021·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題)如圖,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是對應(yīng)頂.(2021·江蘇鹽城·中考真題)工人師傅常常利用角尺構(gòu)造全等三角形的方法來平分一個(gè)角.如圖,在SKIPIF1<0的兩邊SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0上分別在取SKIPIF1<0,移動(dòng)角尺,使角尺兩邊相同的刻度分別與點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0重合,這時(shí)過角尺頂點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的射線SKIPIF1<0就是SKIPIF1<0的平分線.這里構(gòu)造全等三角形的依據(jù)是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)全等三角形的判定條件判斷即可.【詳解】解:由題意可知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0中SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0(SSS)∴SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0就是SKIPIF1<0的平分線故選:D【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查全等三角形的判定及性質(zhì)、角平分線的判定、熟練掌握全等三角形的判定是關(guān)鍵.變式2-1.(2022·山西·中考真題)如圖,在正方形ABCD中,點(diǎn)E是邊BC上的一點(diǎn),點(diǎn)F在邊CD的延長線上,且SKIPIF1<0,連接EF交邊AD于點(diǎn)G.過點(diǎn)A作SKIPIF1<0,垂足為點(diǎn)M,交邊CD于點(diǎn)N.若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則線段AN的長為_________【答案】SKIPIF1<0【分析】連接AE、AF、EN,首先可證得SKIPIF1<0,AE=AF,可證得SKIPIF1<0垂直平分EF,可得EN=FN,再根據(jù)勾股定理即可求得正方形的邊長,再根據(jù)勾股定理即可求得AN的長.【詳解】解:如圖:連接AE、AF、EN,SKIPIF1<0四邊形ABCD是正方形SKIPIF1<0設(shè)AB=BC=CD=AD=a,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是等腰三角形,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0垂直平分EF,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得a=20,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了正方形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),等腰三角形的判定與性質(zhì),線段垂直平分線的性質(zhì),勾股定理,證得SKIPIF1<0垂直平分EF是解決本題的關(guān)鍵.變式2-2.(2022·廣西·中考真題)如圖,在SKIPIF1<0中,BD是它的一條對角線,(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)尺規(guī)作圖:作BD的垂直平分線EF,分別交AD,BC于點(diǎn)E,F(xiàn)(不寫作法,保留作圖痕跡);(3)連接BE,若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的度數(shù).【答案】(1)見解析(2)見解析(3)50°【分析】(1)由平行四邊形的性質(zhì)得出SKIPIF1<0,可利用“SSS”證明三角形全等;(2)根據(jù)垂直平分線的作法即可解答;(3)根據(jù)垂直平分線的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,由等腰三角形的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,再根據(jù)三角形外角的性質(zhì)求解即可.(1)SKIPIF1<0四邊形ABCD是平行四邊形,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0(2)如圖,EF即為所求;(3)SKIPIF1<0BD的垂直平分線為EF,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了平行四邊形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),垂直平分線的作法和性質(zhì),等腰三角形的性質(zhì)及三角形外角的性質(zhì),熟練掌握知識點(diǎn)是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式2-3.(2022·廣西·中考真題)校園內(nèi)有一塊四邊形的草坪造型,課外活動(dòng)小組實(shí)地測量,并記錄數(shù)據(jù),根據(jù)造型畫如圖的四邊形ABCD,其中AB=CD=2米,AD=BC=3米,∠B=SKIPIF1<0(1)求證:△ABC≌△CDA;(2)求草坪造型的面積.【答案】(1)見解析(2)草坪造型的面積為SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)根據(jù)“SSS”直接證明三角形全等即可;(2)過點(diǎn)A作AE⊥BC于點(diǎn)E,利用含30°的直角三角形的性質(zhì)求出SKIPIF1<0的長度,繼而求出SKIPIF1<0的面積,再由全等三角形面積相等得出SKIPIF1<0,即可求出草坪造型的面積.【詳解】(1)在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;(2)過點(diǎn)A作AE⊥BC于點(diǎn)E,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0草坪造型的面積SKIPIF1<0,所以,草坪造型的面積為SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),含30°的直角三角形的性質(zhì),熟練掌握知識點(diǎn)是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式2-4.(2022·黑龍江大慶·中考真題)如圖,在四邊形SKIPIF1<0中,點(diǎn)E,C為對角線SKIPIF1<0上的兩點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0.連接SKIPIF1<0.(1)求證:四邊形SKIPIF1<0是平行四邊形;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求證:SKIPIF1<0.【答案】(1)證明見解析(2)證明見解析【分析】(1)由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,證明SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而結(jié)論得證;(2)由SKIPIF1<0,可知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,證明SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而結(jié)論得證.(1)證明:∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,又∵SKIPIF1<0,∴四邊形SKIPIF1<0是平行四邊形.(2)證明:由(1)知,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,AC=DE,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),平行四邊形的判定.解題的關(guān)鍵在于熟練掌握全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),平行四邊形的判定.變式2-5.(2022·廣西玉林·中考真題)問題情境:在數(shù)學(xué)探究活動(dòng)中,老師給出了如圖的圖形及下面三個(gè)等式:①SKIPIF1<0

②SKIPIF1<0

③SKIPIF1<0若以其中兩個(gè)等式作為已知條件,能否得到余下一個(gè)等式成立?解決方案:探究SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0全等.問題解決:(1)當(dāng)選擇①②作為已知條件時(shí),SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0全等嗎?_____________(填“全等”或“不全等”),理由是_____________;(2)當(dāng)任意選擇兩個(gè)等式作為已知條件時(shí),請用畫樹狀圖法或列表法求SKIPIF1<0的概率.【答案】(1)全等,理由見詳解(2)SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)利用SSS即可作答;(2)先找到可以證明△ABD≌△ACD的條件組合,再利用列表法列舉即可求解.(1)全等,理由:∵AB=AC,DB=DC,又∵AD=AD,∴△ABD≌△ACD(SSS);(2)根據(jù)全等的判定方法可知①、②組合(SSS)或者①、③組合(SAS)可證明△ABD≌△ACD,根據(jù)題意列表如下:由表可知總的可能情況有6種,其中能判定△ABD≌△ACD的組合有4種,能判定△ABD≌△ACD的概率為:4÷6=SKIPIF1<0,故所求概率為SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的判定、用列表法或樹狀圖法求解概率的知識,掌握全等的判定方法是解答本題的關(guān)鍵.變式2-6.(2022·內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯·中考真題)如圖,以AB為直徑的⊙O與△ABC的邊BC相切于點(diǎn)B,且與AC邊交于點(diǎn)D,點(diǎn)E為BC中點(diǎn),連接DE、BD.(1)求證:DE是⊙O的切線;(2)若DE=5,cos∠ABD=SKIPIF1<0,求OE的長.【答案】(1)見解析(2)SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)連接OD,可推出∠BDC=90°,進(jìn)而得出DE=BE,然后證明△DOE≌△BOE,求出∠ODE=∠ABC=90°即可得出結(jié)論;(2)可推出∠C=∠ABD,解直角△ABC求得AC,進(jìn)而根據(jù)三角形中位線定理求得OE.(1)證明:如圖,連接OD,∵AB為⊙O的直徑,BC為⊙O的切線,∴∠BDC=∠ADB=90°,∠ABC=90°,∵E是BC的中點(diǎn),∴DE=BE=EC=SKIPIF1<0,在△DOE和△BOE中,SKIPIF1<0,∴△DOE≌△BOE(SSS),∴∠ODE=∠ABC=90°,∴OD⊥DE,∴DE是⊙O的切線;(2)解:∵∠ABC=90°,∴∠ABD+∠CBD=90°,由(1)知:∠BDC=90°,BC=2DE,∴∠C+∠DBC=90°,BC=2DE=10,∴∠C=∠ABD,在Rt△ABC中,AC=SKIPIF1<0=SKIPIF1<0,∵OA=OB,BE=CE,∴OE=SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了切線的判定和性質(zhì),直角三角形斜邊中線的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),解直角三角形,三角形中位線定理等知識,解決問題的關(guān)鍵是靈活運(yùn)用有關(guān)基礎(chǔ)知識.考查題型三利用SAS證明兩個(gè)三角形全等典例3.(2021·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題)如圖,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是對應(yīng)頂.(2022·浙江金華·中考真題)如圖,SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0相交于點(diǎn)O,SKIPIF1<0,不添加輔助線,判定SKIPIF1<0的依據(jù)是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0正好是兩邊一夾角,即可得出答案.【詳解】解:∵在△ABO和△DCO中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故B正確.故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了全等三角形的判定,熟練掌握兩邊對應(yīng)相等,且其夾角也對應(yīng)相等的兩個(gè)三角形全等,是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-1.(2022·重慶·中考真題)如圖,在正方形SKIPIF1<0中,對角線SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0相交于點(diǎn)O.E、F分別為SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的度數(shù)為(

)A.50° B.55° C.65° D.70°【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)正方形的性質(zhì)證明△AOF≌△BOE(SAS),得到∠OBE=∠OAF,利用OE=OF,∠EOF=90°,求出∠OEF=∠OFE=45°,由此得到∠OAF=∠OEF-∠AFE=20°,進(jìn)而得到∠CBE的度數(shù).【詳解】解:在正方形SKIPIF1<0中,AO=BO,∠AOD=∠AOB=90°,∠CBO=45°,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴△AOF≌△BOE(SAS),∴∠OBE=∠OAF,∵OE=OF,∠EOF=90°,∴∠OEF=∠OFE=45°,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴∠OAF=∠OEF-∠AFE=20°,∴∠CBE=∠CBO+∠OBE=45°+20°=65°,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】此題考查了正方形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定及性質(zhì),熟記正方形的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-2.(2022·江蘇泰州·中考真題)如圖,正方形ABCD的邊長為2,E為與點(diǎn)D不重合的動(dòng)點(diǎn),以DE一邊作正方形DEFG.設(shè)DE=d1,點(diǎn)F、G與點(diǎn)C的距離分別為d2,d3,則d1+d2+d3的最小值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】連接CF、CG、AE,證SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)A、E、F、C四點(diǎn)共線時(shí),即得最小值;【詳解】解:如圖,連接CF、CG、AE,∵SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,∵SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),最小,SKIPIF1<0∴d1+d2+d3的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查正方形的性質(zhì)、三角形的全等證明,正確構(gòu)造全等三角形是解本題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-3(2021·江蘇泰州·中考真題)如圖,P為AB上任意一點(diǎn),分別以AP、PB為邊在AB同側(cè)作正方形APCD、正方形PBEF,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0為()A.2α B.90°﹣α C.45°+α D.90°﹣SKIPIF1<0α【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)題意可得SKIPIF1<0,從而SKIPIF1<0即可.【詳解】∵四邊形APCD和四邊形PBEF是正方形,∴AP=CP,PF=PB,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴∠AFP=∠CBP,又∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了正方形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定,熟練掌握正方形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定方法是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-4.(2022·吉林·中考真題)如圖,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.求證:SKIPIF1<0.【答案】證明見解析【分析】先利用三角形全等的判定定理(SKIPIF1<0定理)證出SKIPIF1<0,再根據(jù)全等三角形的性質(zhì)即可得.【詳解】證明:在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了三角形全等的判定與性質(zhì),熟練掌握三角形全等的判定與性質(zhì)是解題關(guān)鍵.變式3-5.(2022·四川南充·中考真題)如圖,在菱形SKIPIF1<0中,點(diǎn)E,F(xiàn)分別在邊SKIPIF1<0上,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0分別與SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)M,N.求證:(1)SKIPIF1<0.(2)SKIPIF1<0.【答案】(1)見解析(2)見解析【分析】(1)先利用菱形的性質(zhì)和已知條件證明SKIPIF1<0,即可利用SAS證明SKIPIF1<0;(2)連接BD交AC于點(diǎn)O,先利用ASA證明SKIPIF1<0,推出SKIPIF1<0,再由(1)中結(jié)論推出SKIPIF1<0,即可證明SKIPIF1<0.(1)證明:由菱形的性質(zhì)可知,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.(2)證明:如圖,連接BD交AC于點(diǎn)O,由菱形的性質(zhì)可知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,由(1)知SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查菱形的性質(zhì)、全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),熟練掌握菱形的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-6.(2022·新疆·中考真題)在SKIPIF1<0中,點(diǎn)D,F(xiàn)分別為邊AC,AB的中點(diǎn).延長DF到點(diǎn)E,使SKIPIF1<0,連接BE.(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)求證:四邊形BCDE是平行四邊形.【答案】(1)見解析(2)見解析【分析】(1)利用SAS直接證明;(2)利用SKIPIF1<0和已知條件證明SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0即可推出四邊形BCDE是平行四邊形.(1)證明:∵點(diǎn)F為邊AB的中點(diǎn),∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0;(2)證明:∵點(diǎn)D為邊AC的中點(diǎn),∴SKIPIF1<0,由(1)得SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴四邊形BCDE是平行四邊形.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì)以及平行四邊形的判定方法,難度較小,根據(jù)所給條件正確選用平行四邊形的判定方法是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-7.(2022·湖南株洲·中考真題)如圖所示,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在四邊形SKIPIF1<0的邊SKIPIF1<0上,連接SKIPIF1<0,并延長SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0的延長線于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求證:四邊形SKIPIF1<0為平行四邊形.【答案】(1)見解析(2)見解析【分析】(1)利用SAS可以直接證明SKIPIF1<0;(2)由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,由內(nèi)錯(cuò)角相等,兩直線平行,得出SKIPIF1<0,結(jié)合已知條件SKIPIF1<0即可證明四邊形SKIPIF1<0為平行四邊形.(1)證明:∵SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0是對頂角,∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0(2)證明:由(1)知SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的延長線上,∴SKIPIF1<0,又∵SKIPIF1<0,∴四邊形SKIPIF1<0為平行四邊形.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),平行線的判定和平行四邊形的判定,難度較小,熟練掌握全等三角形、平行線及平行四邊形的判定方法是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-8.(2022·湖北黃石·中考真題)如圖,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且點(diǎn)D在線段SKIPIF1<0上,連SKIPIF1<0.(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的度數(shù).【答案】(1)見解析(2)SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)證出∠BAD=∠CAE,由SAS證明△ABD≌△ACE即可;(2)先由全等三角形的性質(zhì)得到SKIPIF1<0,再由SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0都是等腰直角三角形,得到SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,利用三角形內(nèi)角和定理求出∠AEC的度數(shù),即可求出∠CED的度數(shù).【詳解】(1)證明:∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.在SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0≌SKIPIF1<0(SAS);(2)解:由(1)SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,又∵SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0都是等腰直角三角形,∴SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中∵SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了全等三角形的性質(zhì)與判定,等腰三角形的性質(zhì),三角形內(nèi)角和定理,熟知全等三角形的性質(zhì)與判定條件是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式3-9.(2022·湖北黃石·中考真題)如圖,等邊SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)E為高SKIPIF1<0上的一動(dòng)點(diǎn),以SKIPIF1<0為邊作等邊SKIPIF1<0,連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0______________,SKIPIF1<0的最小值為______________.【答案】

SKIPIF1<0##30度

SKIPIF1<0【分析】①SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0為等邊三角形,得到SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,從而證SKIPIF1<0,最后得到答案.②過點(diǎn)D作定直線CF的對稱點(diǎn)G,連CG,證出SKIPIF1<0為等邊三角形,SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的中垂線,得到SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,再證SKIPIF1<0為直角三角形,利用勾股定理求出SKIPIF1<0,即可得到答案.【詳解】解:①∵SKIPIF1<0為等邊三角形,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0是等邊三角形,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0;故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.②(將軍飲馬問題)過點(diǎn)D作定直線CF的對稱點(diǎn)G,連CG,∴SKIPIF1<0為等邊三角形,SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的中垂線,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,連接SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0為直角三角形,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】此題考查了等邊三角形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定及性質(zhì),將軍飲馬,線段垂直平分線的判定及性質(zhì),勾股定理等內(nèi)容,熟練運(yùn)用將軍飲馬是解題的關(guān)鍵,具有較強(qiáng)的綜合性.考查題型四利用ASA證明兩個(gè)三角形全等典例4.(2022·湖南湘西·中考真題)如圖,在Rt△ABC中,∠A=90°,M為BC的中點(diǎn),H為AB上一點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)C作CG∥AB,交HM的延長線于點(diǎn)G,若AC=8,AB=6,則四邊形ACGH周長的最小值是()A.24 B.22 C.20 D.18【答案】B【分析】通過證明△BMH≌△CMG可得BH=CG,可得四邊形ACGH的周長即為AB+AC+GH,進(jìn)而可確定當(dāng)MH⊥AB時(shí),四邊形ACGH的周長有最小值,通過證明四邊形ACGH為矩形可得HG的長,進(jìn)而可求解.【詳解】∵CG∥AB,∴∠B=∠MCG,∵M(jìn)是BC的中點(diǎn),∴BM=CM,在△BMH和△CMG中,SKIPIF1<0,∴△BMH≌△CMG(ASA),∴HM=GM,BH=CG,∵AB=6,AC=8,∴四邊形ACGH的周長=AC+CG+AH+GH=AB+AC+GH=14+GH,∴當(dāng)GH最小時(shí),即MH⊥AB時(shí)四邊形ACGH的周長有最小值,∵∠A=90°,MH⊥AB,∴GH∥AC,∴四邊形ACGH為矩形,∴GH=8,∴四邊形ACGH的周長最小值為14+8=22,故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),確定GH的值是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式4-1.(2021·重慶·中考真題)如圖,正方形ABCD的對角線AC,BD交于點(diǎn)O,M是邊AD上一點(diǎn),連接OM,過點(diǎn)O作ON⊥OM,交CD于點(diǎn)N.若四邊形MOND的面積是1,則AB的長為(

)A.1 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.2 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】先證明SKIPIF1<0,再證明四邊形MOND的面積等于,SKIPIF1<0的面積,繼而解得正方形的面積,據(jù)此解題.【詳解】解:在正方形ABCD中,對角線BD⊥AC,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0又SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0四邊形MOND的面積是1,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0正方形ABCD的面積是4,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查正方形的性質(zhì)、全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì)等知識,是重要考點(diǎn),難度較易,掌握相關(guān)知識是解題關(guān)鍵.變式4-2.(2021·四川綿陽·中考真題)如圖,在邊長為3的正方形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的長是(

)A.1 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.2【答案】C【分析】由正方形的性質(zhì)得出SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0證得SKIPIF1<0,即可得出答案.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0四邊形SKIPIF1<0是正方形,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)勾股定理得:SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0(負(fù)值舍去),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了正方形的性質(zhì),全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),勾股定理,含SKIPIF1<0角的直角三角形的性質(zhì)等知識,證明SKIPIF1<0是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式4-3.(2022·陜西·中考真題)如圖,在△ABC中,點(diǎn)D在邊BC上,CD=AB,DE∥AB,∠DCE=∠A.求證:DE=BC.【答案】證明見解析【分析】利用角邊角證明△CDE≌△ABC,即可證明DE=BC.【詳解】證明:∵DE∥AB,∴∠EDC=∠B.又∵CD=AB,∠DCE=∠A,∴△CDE≌△ABC(ASA).∴DE=BC.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),掌握全等三角形的判定是本題的關(guān)鍵.變式4-4.(2022·四川樂山·中考真題)如圖,B是線段AC的中點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,求證:SKIPIF1<0.【答案】證明過程見詳解【分析】運(yùn)行平行線的性質(zhì)可證∠A=∠EBC,∠DBA=∠C,結(jié)論即可得證.【詳解】證明∵B是AC中點(diǎn),∴AB=BC,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴∠A=∠EBC,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴∠DBA=∠C,在△ABD和△BCE中,SKIPIF1<0,∴△ABD≌△BCE(ASA).【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的判定、平行線的性質(zhì),掌握兩直線平行同位角相等的知識是解答本題的關(guān)鍵.變式4-5.(2022·江蘇揚(yáng)州·中考真題)如圖,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0分別平分SKIPIF1<0,交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0,垂足為SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0的周長為56,SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的面積.【答案】(1)見詳解(2)84【分析】(1)由平行四邊形的性質(zhì)證SKIPIF1<0即可求證;(2)作SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0即可求解;(1)證明:在SKIPIF1<0中,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0分別平分SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0中,∵SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.(2)如圖,作SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0的周長為56,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0平分SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查平行四邊形的性質(zhì)、三角形的全等、角平分線的性質(zhì),掌握相關(guān)知識并靈活應(yīng)用是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式4-6.(2022·浙江麗水·中考真題)如圖,將矩形紙片SKIPIF1<0折疊,使點(diǎn)B與點(diǎn)D重合,點(diǎn)A落在點(diǎn)P處,折痕為SKIPIF1<0.(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的長.【答案】(1)證明見解析(2)SKIPIF1<0cm【分析】(1)利用ASA證明即可;(2)過點(diǎn)E作EG⊥BC交于點(diǎn)G,求出FG的長,設(shè)AE=xcm,用x表示出DE的長,在Rt△PED中,由勾股定理求得答案.(1)∵四邊形ABCD是矩形,∴AB=CD,∠A=∠B=∠ADC=∠C=90°,由折疊知,AB=PD,∠A=∠P,∠B=∠PDF=90°,∴PD=CD,∠P=∠C,∠PDF=∠ADC,∴∠PDF-∠EDF=∠ADC-∠EDF,∴∠PDE=∠CDF,在△PDE和△CDF中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0(ASA);(2)如圖,過點(diǎn)E作EG⊥BC交于點(diǎn)G,∵四邊形ABCD是矩形,∴AB=CD=EG=4cm,又∵EF=5cm,∴SKIPIF1<0cm,設(shè)AE=xcm,∴EP=xcm,由SKIPIF1<0知,EP=CF=xcm,∴DE=GC=GF+FC=3+x,在Rt△PED中,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得,SKIPIF1<0,∴BC=BG+GC=SKIPIF1<0(cm).【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了翻折變換,矩形的性質(zhì),勾股定理,全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),根據(jù)翻折變換的性質(zhì)將問題轉(zhuǎn)化到直角三角形中利用勾股定理是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式4-7.(2022·云南·中考真題)如圖,在平行四邊形ABCD中,連接BD,E為線段AD的中點(diǎn),延長BE與CD的延長線交于點(diǎn)F,連接AF,∠BDF=90°(1)求證:四邊形ABDF是矩形;(2)若AD=5,DF=3,求四邊形ABCF的面積S.【答案】(1)見解析;(2)18.【分析】(1)根據(jù)平行四邊形的性質(zhì)及全等三角形的判定證得SKIPIF1<0≌SKIPIF1<0,即可得到AB=DF,從而證明四邊形ABDF是平行四邊形,再根據(jù)∠BDF=90°即可證明四邊形ABDF是矩形;(2)根據(jù)全等的性質(zhì)、矩形性質(zhì)及勾股定理得到AB=DF=3,AF=4,由平行四邊形性質(zhì)求得CF=6,最后利用梯形的面積公式計(jì)算即可.【詳解】(1)證明:∵四邊形ABCD是平行四邊形,∴AB∥CD,即AB∥CF,∴∠BAE=∠FDE,∵E為線段AD的中點(diǎn),∴AE=DE,又∵∠AEB=∠DEF,∴SKIPIF1<0≌SKIPIF1<0(ASA),∴AB=DF,又∵AB∥DF,∴四邊形ABDF是平行四邊形,∵∠BDF=90°,∴四邊形ABDF是矩形;(2)解:由(1)知,四邊形ABDF是矩形,∴AB=DF=3,∠AFD=90°,∴在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∵四邊形ABCD是平行四邊形,∴AB=CD=3,∴CF=CD+DF=3+3=6,∴SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì),平行四邊形的判定與性質(zhì),矩形的判定與性質(zhì),勾股定理等知識,熟練掌握各性質(zhì)及判定定理進(jìn)行推理是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式4-8(2022·貴州貴陽·中考真題)如圖,在正方形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的垂直平分線交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,垂足為SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上,且SKIPIF1<0.(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的長.【答案】(1)見詳解(2)SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)先證明四邊形ADFM是矩形,得到AD=MF,∠AMF=90°=∠MFD,再利用MN⊥BE證得∠MBO=∠OMF,結(jié)合∠A=90°=∠NFM即可證明;(2)利用勾股定理求得BE=10=MN,根據(jù)垂直平分線的性質(zhì)可得BO=OE=5,BM=ME,即有AM=AB-BM=8-ME,在Rt△AME中,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,即有SKIPIF1<0,再在Rt△BMO中利用勾股定理即可求出MO,則NO可求.(1)在正方形ABCD中,有AD=DC=CB=AB,∠A=∠D=∠C=90°,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∠A=∠D=90°,SKIPIF1<0,∴四邊形ADFM是矩形,∴AD=MF,∠AMF=90°=∠MFD,∴∠BMF=90°=∠NFM,即∠BMO+∠OMF=90°,AB=AD=MF,∵M(jìn)N是BE的垂直平分線,∴MN⊥BE,∴∠BOM=90°=∠BMO+∠MBO,∴∠MBO=∠OMF,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴△ABE≌△FMN;(2)連接ME,如圖,∵AB=8,AE=6,∴在Rt△ABE中,SKIPIF1<0,∴根據(jù)(1)中全等的結(jié)論可知MN=BE=10,∵M(jìn)N是BE的垂直平分線,∴BO=OE=SKIPIF1<0=5,BM=ME,∴AM=AB-BM=8-ME,∴在Rt△AME中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴在Rt△BMO中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴ON=MN-MO=SKIPIF1<0.即NO的長為:SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了矩形的判定與性質(zhì)、正方形的性質(zhì)、垂直平分線的性質(zhì)、勾股定理、全等三角形的判定與性質(zhì)等知識,掌握勾股定理是解答本題的關(guān)鍵.考查題型五利用AAS證明兩個(gè)三角形全等典例5.(2022·遼寧營口·中考真題)如圖,在矩形SKIPIF1<0中,點(diǎn)M在SKIPIF1<0邊上,把SKIPIF1<0沿直線SKIPIF1<0折疊,使點(diǎn)B落在SKIPIF1<0邊上的點(diǎn)E處,連接SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)B作SKIPIF1<0,垂足為F,若SKIPIF1<0,則線段SKIPIF1<0的長為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】先證明△BFC≌△CDE,可得DE=CF=2,再用勾股定理求得CE=SKIPIF1<0,從而可得AD=BC=SKIPIF1<0,最后求得AE的長.【詳解】解:∵四邊形ABCD是矩形,∴BC=AD,∠ABC=∠D=90°,AD∥BC,∴∠DEC=∠FCB,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴∠BFC=∠CDE,∵把SKIPIF1<0沿直線SKIPIF1<0折疊,使點(diǎn)B落在SKIPIF1<0邊上的點(diǎn)E處,∴BC=EC,在△BFC與△CDE中,SKIPIF1<0∴△BFC≌△CDE(AAS),∴DE=CF=2,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴AD=BC=CE=SKIPIF1<0,∴AE=AD-DE=SKIPIF1<0,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了矩形的性質(zhì)、全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì)、折疊的性質(zhì),勾股定理的應(yīng)用,解決本題的關(guān)鍵是熟練掌握矩形中的折疊問題.變式5-1.(2022·四川宜賓·中考真題)如圖,在矩形紙片ABCD中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0沿BD折疊到SKIPIF1<0位置,DE交AB于點(diǎn)F,則SKIPIF1<0的值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】先根據(jù)矩形的性質(zhì)和折疊的性質(zhì),利用“AAS”證明SKIPIF1<0,得出SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)勾股定理列出關(guān)于x的方程,解方程得出x的值,最后根據(jù)余弦函數(shù)的定義求出結(jié)果即可.【詳解】解:∵四邊形ABCD為矩形,∴CD=AB=5,AB=BC=3,SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)折疊可知,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴在△AFD和△EFB中SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0(AAS),∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故C正確.故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了矩形的折疊問題,三角形全等的判定和性質(zhì),勾股定理,三角函數(shù)的定義,根據(jù)題意證明SKIPIF1<0,是解題的關(guān)鍵.變式5-2(2021·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題)在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.以SKIPIF1<0為一邊在第一象限作正方形SKIPIF1<0,則對角線SKIPIF1<0所在直線的解析式為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0軸于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,先證明SKIPIF1<0,再由全等三角形對應(yīng)邊相等的性質(zhì)解得SKIPIF1<0,最后由待定系數(shù)法求解即可.

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