2021新高考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案第一編必修2Unit2TheOlympicGames

Unit2TheOlympicGames晨背分鐘填詞并背記AFairpetitionSwifter,HigherandStrongerstandsforthespiritoftheOlympics.Butfairnessisthebasisofthismotto.Onlywhenyouwinfairlywillyouandyourhomelanddeservethegreatglory.Butnowadays,unliketheancienthonestslavepetitors,somehopelessathleteswhocan'tbearthepainoftrainingcheatwhentakingpartingames.Medalsseemtohavemagicalpowercausingthemtocheat,andtheprizemoneyhasreplacedthemottoastheironlygoal.So,inthegymnasticseventtobeheldinourcitynextmonth,oneofthehost'sresponsibilitiesistokeeppetitionsfair.Theyadvertisedonpostersoutsidethestadiumtopromisethateverypetitoristohavearegularphysicalexaminationinagymnasiumoneafteranother.Noonecanbargainonthis.Thevolunteersinchargewillbeverystrict.Itisfoolishtocheatbecausetheywillnotbeadmittedtopeteandwillevenbefinedaswell.一場(chǎng)公平的比賽“更快！更高！更強(qiáng)！”代表著奧運(yùn)精神。但是公平卻是這一格言的基礎(chǔ)。只有當(dāng)你公平地贏得比賽，你和你的祖國(guó)才會(huì)承受這樣的光榮。但如今，不像古代那些誠(chéng)實(shí)的奴隸參賽者，有些沒(méi)有希望的運(yùn)動(dòng)員無(wú)法承受訓(xùn)練的痛苦，于是在參加比賽時(shí)作假。獎(jiǎng)牌似乎有某種魔力使他們作假，獎(jiǎng)金也已經(jīng)代替了奧運(yùn)格言成為了他們唯一的目標(biāo)。因此，在我們市下個(gè)月即將舉行的一場(chǎng)體操賽事中，主辦方的其中一項(xiàng)責(zé)任就是要確保比賽的公平。他們?cè)隗w育場(chǎng)外的海報(bào)上做廣告，承諾說(shuō)每個(gè)參賽者都將在體育館一個(gè)一個(gè)地參加常規(guī)的身體檢查。對(duì)此沒(méi)有人可以討價(jià)還價(jià)。負(fù)責(zé)此事的志愿者將非常嚴(yán)格。作假是很愚蠢的，因?yàn)樗麄儗⒉槐辉试S去競(jìng)賽，甚至還將被罰款。1．pete(vi.)比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)→petition(n.)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；比賽→petitive(adj.)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的；有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的→petitor(n.)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者2．volunteer(n.)志愿者；志愿兵(adj.)志愿的(vt.&vi.)自愿→voluntary(adj.)自愿的；志愿的3．regular(adj.)規(guī)則的；定期的；常規(guī)的→regulation(n.)規(guī)則；規(guī)章制度4．slave(n.)奴隸→slavery(n.)奴隸制5．host(vt.)做東；主辦；招待(n.)主人→hostess(n.)女主人6．responsibility(n.)責(zé)任；職責(zé)→responsible(adj.)有責(zé)任心的7．a(chǎn)dvertise(vt.&vi.)做廣告；登廣告→advertisement(n.)廣告→advertiser(n.)廣告商8．hopeless(adj.)沒(méi)有希望的；絕望的→hope(v.&n．)希望→hopeful(adj.)充滿希望的9．pain(n.)疼痛；痛苦→painful(adj.)疼痛的；痛苦的→painless(adj.)無(wú)痛的；輕松的10．pickup拾起；撿起；用車(chē)接某人11．playarolein在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色12．taketheplaceof代替……13．makeabargainwith與……達(dá)成協(xié)議14．a(chǎn)samatteroffact事實(shí)上15．reachthestandard達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)16．a(chǎn)partfrom除了重點(diǎn)知識(shí)分鐘admitvt.&vi.容許；承認(rèn)；接納(P10)單句寫(xiě)作①本杰明被迫承認(rèn)了他一直在做的事情。Benjaminwasforcedto.②當(dāng)警察審訊他時(shí)，喬治承認(rèn)他偷了那輛車(chē)。Whenthepolicequestionedhim,Georgethecar.③我無(wú)法向父母實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō)，我覺(jué)得這門(mén)課程很難。Icouldn'tIwasfindingthecoursedifficult.④人們公認(rèn)，讀書(shū)在很大程度上是一個(gè)私人活動(dòng)，它需要安靜和專(zhuān)心。readingismostlyapersonalactivitywhichneedsquietnessandconcentration.⑤她未被自己選擇的大學(xué)錄取。Shefailedtogaintheuniversityofherchoice.答案：①admitwhathehadbeendoing②admittedhavingstolen③admittomyparentsthat④Itisadmittedthat⑤admissionto(1)admit＋n./doing/that從句承認(rèn)某事/做了某事admittosb.that向某人承認(rèn)beadmittedas作為……被接受beadmittedto/into獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入/加入Itisadmittedthat...人們公認(rèn)……(2)admissionn.進(jìn)入；許可；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)；承認(rèn)，坦白replacevt.取代；替換；代替(P10)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)tisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedamodernhotelornot.②Itisgenerallybelievedthatteacherswillnever(replace)byputersinclass.答案：①with/by②bereplaced(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.→JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingto.答案：takehisplace/taketheplaceofhim(1)replacesb./sth.＝taketheplaceofsb./sth.取代某人/某物replacesth.with/bysth.用……替換……(2)inplaceofsb.＝inone'splace代替某人takeone'splace＝taketheplaceofsb.代替某人chargen.費(fèi)用；主管vt.&vi.收費(fèi)；控訴(P12)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Aslongasyou'vepaidinadvance,wewon'tchargeyoudelivery.②Bobwaschargedthemurder,butherefusedtoadmitit.③Hetookchargethepanywhilethebosswasabsent.④Wecandelivergoodstoyourdoorfreecharge.答案：①for②with③of④of(2)一句多譯湯姆在老板不在時(shí)負(fù)責(zé)這家公司。①ThepanyTomwhilethebossisaway.②Tomthepanywhilethebossisaway.③Tomthepanywhilethebossisaway.答案：①isinthechargeof②isinchargeof③takeschargeof(1)chargesb.forsth.為某物向某人收費(fèi)chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(做)某事(2)inchargeof主管；看管；負(fù)責(zé)inthechargeof...在……掌管之下takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)；掌管freeofcharge免費(fèi)[名師點(diǎn)津]charge和accuse都有“指控，控告”之意，但是charge常與介詞with搭配，而accuse常與介詞of搭配。bargainvi.討價(jià)還價(jià)；講條件n.便宜貨(P14)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hebargainedtheassistant,tryingtobuythebicycleatalowprice.②IboughtsomeusedfurnitureattheSundayMarketanditwasrealbargain.答案：①with②a(2)單句寫(xiě)作我第一次見(jiàn)到她時(shí)，她正在為一條裙子和老板討價(jià)還價(jià)。ShewiththestorekeeperaskirtwhenIfirstmether.答案：wasbargaining;about/over/for(1)bargainwithsb.about/over/forsth.和某人就某事討價(jià)還價(jià)(2)makeabargainwithsb.和某人達(dá)成協(xié)議(3)agood/badbargain買(mǎi)得合算/不合算It'sarealbargain.這可真是個(gè)便宜貨。[名師點(diǎn)津]bargain用作名詞時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，常和不定冠詞連用。deservevi.&vt.值得；應(yīng)受(報(bào)答或懲罰)(P15)單句寫(xiě)作①無(wú)論一個(gè)工作多么普通，它在社會(huì)中都起著一份作用，所以值得我們的尊重。Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandtherefore.②他活該輸?shù)舯荣悾驗(yàn)樗鞅琢?。Heinthepetitionbecausehecheated.③正是那些甘愿奉獻(xiàn)而不索取的人才值得尊敬。Itisthosewhoarewillingtogiveratherthanreceivethat.④這個(gè)男人每年都要捐錢(qián)給一個(gè)值得贊助的事業(yè)。Themandonatesmoneytoacauseeveryyear.答案：①deservesourrespect②deservestolose③deserverespecting/toberespected④deserving(1)deservesth.值得；應(yīng)受(2)deservetodosth.應(yīng)該做某事(3)deservedoing/tobedone應(yīng)受；值得(4)deservingadj.值得的；應(yīng)得的[名師點(diǎn)津]deserve后接名詞或doingsth.，常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，等于接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式tobedone，該用法與want,need,require的用法相同。takepartin參加；參與(P9)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)tgoeswithoutsayingthattakingactivepartinsocialactivitiescanbroadenourhorizons.②Anystudentwhoisinterestedinthisactivityisweletotakepartit.答案：①an②in(2)單句寫(xiě)作①參加生態(tài)旅游，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)有助于你理解大自然的重要性。eco-travelandyouwillfinditwillhelpyouunderstandtheimportanceofnature.②中國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中正起著越來(lái)越重要的作用。Chinaistheinternationalaffairs.答案：①Takepartin②playingamoreandmoreimportantpartintakepartin＝j(luò)oinin參加takeanactivepartin積極參加……playapart/rolein在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色[名師點(diǎn)津](1)takepartin是固定短語(yǔ)，part前一般不用冠詞，但是當(dāng)part前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，形容詞前要用不定冠詞。(2)在使用takepartin時(shí)，若其后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，則不加介詞in。usedto過(guò)去常常；過(guò)去曾經(jīng)(P9)單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)usedto(smoke),butIgaveitupacoupleofyearsago.②Hegetsusedto(get)upearly.③Knivesareused(cut)things.答案：①smoke②getting③tocut(1)否定形式：usednotto＋動(dòng)詞原形＝usedn'tto＋動(dòng)詞原形或didn'tuseto＋動(dòng)詞原形(2)疑問(wèn)形式：used＋主語(yǔ)＋to＋動(dòng)詞原形＝did＋主語(yǔ)＋use＋to＋動(dòng)詞原形(3)Thereusedtobe...過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有……；過(guò)去曾存在……(4)beusedtodosth.被用來(lái)做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事aswell也；又；還(P10)單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)'lldosomereadingforfunandforknowledgewell.②Thedeadlinefortheprojectisaroundthecorner,soweaswellgetsomehelp.③Theteacheraswellashisstudents(be)goingtotakepartinthisactivity.答案：①as②may/might③is(1)aswell常用作狀語(yǔ)，作“又；也”解，相當(dāng)于too或also，常位于句末，無(wú)須用逗號(hào)與句子隔開(kāi)。(2)may/mightaswell表示委婉的建議，一般是針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的情況提出另外的提議，意思是“不妨；還是……的好”。(3)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)含有aswellas時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須和aswellas前面的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen！(P10)單句寫(xiě)作①簡(jiǎn)今晚不會(huì)和我們一起吃晚飯，湯姆也不會(huì)。Janewon'tjoinusfordinnertonightand.②弗蘭克喜歡養(yǎng)寵物，他妻子也一樣。Franklikestokeeppetsand.③瑪麗在澳大利亞出生，在美國(guó)居住。簡(jiǎn)也是。MarywasborninAustraliaandshelivedintheUnitedStates..④——露西英語(yǔ)講得很流利?！_實(shí)是。—LucyspeaksfluentEnglish.—.⑤他讓我來(lái)，于是我就來(lái)了。Heaskedmetoeand.答案：①nor/neitherwillTom②sodoeshiswife③SoitwaswithJane/ItwasthesamewithJane④Soshedoes⑤Ididso(1)句型“nor/neither＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋另一個(gè)主語(yǔ)”用于否定陳述句之后，表示“……也不”。(2)句型“so＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋另一個(gè)主語(yǔ)”用于肯定陳述句之后，表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或物。(3)句型“soitis/waswith＋另一主語(yǔ)”或“itis/wasthesamewith＋另一主語(yǔ)”既能表示肯定意義，又能表示否定意義，其主要用于以下情況：①上文有兩個(gè)分句；②上文有兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上)不同謂語(yǔ)；③上文既有肯定也有否定。(4)句型“so＋主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”中的主語(yǔ)與前一句的主語(yǔ)通常是指同一個(gè)人或物，主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)不需要倒裝。這種句型表示說(shuō)話者贊同前句所提到的情況或事實(shí)，其中的so作“確實(shí)如此”講。(5)“主語(yǔ)＋do＋so”在上下文中用來(lái)避免重復(fù)，可譯為“某人/物那樣做了”。There'sasmuchpetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinOlympicmedals.(P10)單句寫(xiě)作①顯然，這個(gè)男孩不像他的許多同學(xué)那么刻苦。Obviously,theboydoesn'tworkmanyofhisclassmates.②擺脫壞習(xí)慣就像養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣一樣需要艱苦努力。Gettingridofabadhabitisastruggleformingagoodone.③在中國(guó)，汽油的價(jià)格是幾年前的兩倍。PetrolisitwasafewyearsagoinChina.答案：①as/sohardas②asmuch;as③twiceasexpensiveas(1)as...as“像……那樣”。第一個(gè)as為副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí)。第二個(gè)as可以是連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句；也可以是介詞，后加名詞或代詞。當(dāng)as...as中間有名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)采用以下格式：as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(單數(shù))＋as或as＋many/much＋n.(復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù))＋as(2)否定句式：notas/so...as...意為“不如……”。(3)．..timesas＋adj./adv.＋as...“是……的幾倍”。表達(dá)倍數(shù)的詞必須置于比較結(jié)構(gòu)之前。ThisisimportantbecausethemoreyouspeakEnglish,thebetteryourEnglishwillbee.(P16)單句寫(xiě)作①你站得越高就看得越遠(yuǎn)。youstand,youwillsee.②你越小心，你犯的錯(cuò)就會(huì)越少。youare,mistakesyouwillmake.③如今，越來(lái)越多的汽車(chē)在街上穿梭，在這種情況下，將會(huì)有越來(lái)越多的廢氣被排入空氣中。Today,arerunninginthestreetstoday,inwhichcase,willbereleasedintotheair.答案：①Thehigher;thefarther②Themorecareful;thefewer③moreandmorecars;moreandmorewastegas(1)“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”意為“越……越……”。(2)“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”意為“越來(lái)越……”，表示本身程度的變化。[名師點(diǎn)津]“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為if條件從句，如：左欄例①可改為：Youwillseefartherifyoustandhigher.課文語(yǔ)法填空分鐘Therearecertainsimilaritiesandmanysignificantdifferencesbetweenthemodern1ancientOlympics.Thesimilaritiesare:both2(hold)everyfouryears;theyhave3(run)races;alsothereisnoprizemoneyforwinners.Asfordifferences,therewasonlyonesetofGames.The4(pete)onlycamefromGreece.Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen.5modernOlympics,there6(be)twomainsetsofGames—theWinterandtheSummerOlympics.Only7(that)whohavereachedthe8(agree)standardfortheireventwillbeadmittedtojoinin.Theymayefromanywhereintheworld.Thereareover250sportsandeachonehasitsownstandard.Womenarenotonlyallowed,butalsoplay9veryimportantroleinalmostalltheevents.HostingtheOlympicGamesisagreathonor.There'sasmuchpetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinOlympicmedals.TheOlympicmottois“10(swift),HigherandStronger.”1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.and2.areheld3.running4petitors5.In6.are7.those8.agreed9.a10.Swifter▲norcouldslavesorwomen為nor位于句首時(shí)，引起的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。▲HostingtheOlympicGamesisagreathonor.中Hosting為動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。▲There'sasmuch...astowinOlympicmedals.句中asmuch＋不可數(shù)名詞＋as...意為“和……(在程度上)是一樣的”，用來(lái)進(jìn)行比較。隨堂檢測(cè)分鐘Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Theyoungman,whobythen(admit)toauniversity,decidedtodosomepart-timejobstopayforhiseducation.答案：hadbeenadmitted2．Eatingproperlyandexercising(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthierandlongerlife.答案：regularly3．Youwouldn't(fine)yesterdayifyouhadnotbrokenthetrafficrule.答案：havebeenfined4．Sheexpressedherstrongdesirethatshe(volunteer)toteachintheschoolwhenshewasincollege.答案：(should)volunteer5．Ournewapartmentbuilding(advertise)intomorrow'smorningpaper,andIdohopethatitwillappealtoyou.答案：willbeadvertised6．Thepriceofthiscurtainisnothalfashighthatofthefurniture.答案：as7．Thefarmershavebeenseekinghigherpricesasbetterprotectionfromforeign(pete)．答案：petition8．It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpickedRussiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.答案：up9．It'sstrangethatheshouldhaveefromwecallMars.答案：what10．Weknowplayingputergamesforalongtimecanharmone's(physics)health.答案：physicalⅡ.教材微寫(xiě)作A．根據(jù)提示完成句子1．奧運(yùn)五環(huán)旗上的五環(huán)代表地球上的五大洲。(theOlympicflag;standfor)答案：ThefiveringsontheOlympicflagstandforthefivecontinentsontheearth.2．任何國(guó)家都可以參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)。(takepartin)答案：AnycountrycantakepartintheOlympicGames.3．只有達(dá)到他們各自參加項(xiàng)目的統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員才會(huì)被接受為奧運(yùn)會(huì)競(jìng)賽選手。(athlete;admit;petitor)答案：Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedaspetitors.4．除了運(yùn)動(dòng)員，也有一些志愿者。(apartfrom;aswell)答案：Apartfromathletes,therearesomevolunteersaswell.5．他們?yōu)閵W運(yùn)會(huì)提供服務(wù)，比如負(fù)責(zé)所有運(yùn)動(dòng)員的食宿問(wèn)題。(takechargeof)答案：TheyofferhelpfortheOlympicG