物流專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)（莊佩君第5版）課后練習(xí)答案匯總 Ch1-CH6 Logistics Management-Physical Distribution

Ch1第1章LogisticsManagement第1課IPhrasestranslation客戶(hù)訂單customerorder最終用戶(hù)end-customer供應(yīng)鏈管理supplychainmanagement貨物流materialflow分銷(xiāo)系統(tǒng)distributionsystem半成品partsandsubassemblies“準(zhǔn)時(shí)生產(chǎn)”just-in-timeproduction庫(kù)存inventory需求信息demandinformation準(zhǔn)時(shí)配送deliverJIT快速響應(yīng)respondintime延遲決策postponingdecisions整合過(guò)程integratedprocess中間產(chǎn)品middle-rangeproducts重組物流re-engineeredlogistics交貨日期deliverydateIIFillintheblankandputthesentenceintoChinese1、Managingmaterialflow,informationflow管理貨物流和信息流是完成物流管理任務(wù)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵部分2、source,end-customer物流管理的目的是使貨物從源頭流向最終顧客3、increase從歷史上看，當(dāng)庫(kù)存形成時(shí)，會(huì)試圖通過(guò)增加或減少銷(xiāo)售來(lái)管理成品庫(kù)存4、end-customer’sdemand最終顧客的需求信號(hào)致使供應(yīng)鏈做出響應(yīng)5、build,lead“準(zhǔn)時(shí)構(gòu)建”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)被用來(lái)描述在一個(gè)被定義的提前期內(nèi)快速的構(gòu)建大型產(chǎn)品的新的概念。6、dependability,inventory這種對(duì)整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈的整合將有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)市場(chǎng)需求的最大可靠性和最小庫(kù)存III．Answerthefollowingquestions略IV.ListentotheconversationandanswerthequestionorcompletethesentencesTapescriptHEDRICKSMITH:Astheworld'slargestcompany,Wal-Marthastremendouspowerandinfluence.Itisnowthemodelnotjustforretailingbutforcompaniesallacrossthecorporatelandscape.Prof.NELSONLICHTENSTEIN,U.C.SantaBarbara:Inthe19thcentury,itwasthePennsylvaniaRailroad,whichcalleditselfthestandardoftheworld.Early20thcentury,itmighthavebeenU.S.Steel.GeneralMotors,ofcourse,inthemid-20thcentury.Butclearly,Wal-Marttodayissettingasortofa–anewstandardthatotherfirmshavetofollowiftheyhopetocompete.Andmorethanjustotherfirms,it'ssettingstandardsforthenationasawhole.HEDRICKSMITH:Byfiguringouthowtoexploittwopowerfulforcesthatconvergedinthe'90s,theriseofinformationtechnologyandtheexplosionoftheglobaleconomy,Wal-Marthaschangedthebalanceofpowerintheworldofbusiness.Prof.GARYGEREFFI,DukeUniversity:Itusedtobethatmanufacturers–bigmulti-nationalmanufacturers–hadthemostpower,companieslikeGeneralMotorsandGeneralElectric.Today,Ithinkthatglobalretailersactuallyhavebecomethemostpowerfulcompaniesintheglobaleconomy.HEDRICKSMITH:TounderstandWal-Martandhowacompanywithsuchhumblerootshasmanagedtobuildaglobalempire,IheadedforBentonville,Arkansas.It'sanovergrowncrossroadstowntuckedintotheBibleandbarbecuebeltofnorthwestArkansas.Here,intheheartoftheoldtown,sitsthefive-and-dimestorethatSamWaltonopenedin1950.AfewblocksawayIfoundtheWal-Martoftoday,theWal-Martwe'vecometoknowasconsumers,acornucopiaofthousandsofdifferentitemsallunderoneroof,theepitomeofone-stopshopping.Everyweek,Wal-Martsays,100millionAmericanshoppersstreamintoits3,400storesSHOPPER:It'sveryconvenientformetobeabletogetaone-stopshop.SHOPPER:IknowIdon'thavetolookandseewhereIcansavethemostmoney.IknowwhenIcomeinhere,Icansavemoney.SHOPPER:Goodprices,goodqualityofstuff.SHOPPER:I'msortofthinkingofhavingmySocialSecuritycheckdepositeddirectlytowal-MartsinceIbuyeverythingatWal-Mart.BOBMcADAM,VP,Wal-MartGov'tRelations:WhatmakesWal-Martsuccessful,whatkeepsusmotivatedandwhatreallychallengesuseveryday,whetheritwasfromthedayonewhenWal-Martbeganortilltoday,Ithinkit'sthesame,thatwereallystriveineverythingwedotokeepourcostsaslowaspossible,sothatwecanprovidethecustomeravalueandstillmakeareasonableprofitforourcompany.HEDRICKSMITH:ThatwasSamWalton'sformula:Buycheap,sellforlessthantheotherguy,andmakeyourprofitonhighvolumeandfastturnover.Soundssimple,butthissupercenterisaworldawayfromSam'sfive-and-dime.Howdotheykeeptrackofitall?Howdotheyknowwhattostock?Howdotheykeeppricessolow?

第2課IPhrasestranslation物流成本logisticscost銷(xiāo)售損失lostsale退貨處理成本costsofreturngoodshandling潛在的銷(xiāo)售potentialfuturesale運(yùn)輸成本transportationcost進(jìn)貨渠道inboundchannel出貨渠道outboundchannel訂單處理成本orderprocessingcost需求預(yù)測(cè)demandingforecasting銷(xiāo)售溝通distributioncommunication電子數(shù)據(jù)交換系統(tǒng)electronicdatainterchange衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)傳輸satellitedatatransmission條碼barcoding內(nèi)部成本internalcost外部成本externalcost訂單傳輸ordertransmittal訂單輸入orderentry批量成本lotquantitycost缺貨stockout庫(kù)存持有成本inventorycarrycost資金成本capitalcost倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)空間成本storagespacecost風(fēng)險(xiǎn)成本riskcostIIFillintheblankandputthesentenceintoChinese1、orderfulfillment客戶(hù)服務(wù)成本是指用來(lái)支持客戶(hù)服務(wù)的費(fèi)用，包括訂單執(zhí)行、零配件和服務(wù)支持成本。2、thelostofthecurrentsale銷(xiāo)售損失成本不僅包括現(xiàn)在的銷(xiāo)售損失，還包括潛在的銷(xiāo)售損失3、thetotalcost客戶(hù)服務(wù)管理的目標(biāo)是在給定的客戶(hù)服務(wù)水平下，實(shí)現(xiàn)總成本最小4、volumeofshipment(cube),distance,由于運(yùn)輸體積、運(yùn)輸重量及起始地到目的地的不同，運(yùn)輸成本有很大變化5、ordertransmittal訂單處理成本包括訂單傳送、訂單輸入、處理訂單及相關(guān)的內(nèi)外部成本6、purchasing

-orproduction批量成本是與采購(gòu)或生產(chǎn)相關(guān)的成本，隨著訂單數(shù)量及頻率而變化III.Discusswithyourpartnerandcompletethefollowingtableonthemainlogisticcostsandthefactorsthatinfluencethecosts:MainlogisticcostsImportantfactorsthatinfluencethecostscustomerservicecostoflostsales,thecostsofreturngoodshandling,thelostofpotentialfuturesales,etctransportationcustomer,productline,typeofchannel,volumeofshipment(cube),weightofshipment,distance,andpointoforiginanddestination,themodeoftransportationWarehousingsiteselection,thenumberorlocationofwarehousesorderprocessingandinformationcostsasordertransmittal,orderentry,processingtheorder,andrelatedinternalandexternalcosts,moderninformationtechnologylotquantitypurchasing-orproduction-relatedcosts,inventorycarryingcapitalcost,inventoryservicecost,storagespacecost,inventoryriskcostCh2第2章SupplyChainManagement第1課IPhrasestranslation供應(yīng)鏈supplychain最終用戶(hù)endcustomers供應(yīng)鏈管理supplychainmanagement貨物流productflow核心能力corecompetency信息流informationflow因果圖cause-and-effectdiagram人力資源humanresource上游供應(yīng)商upperstreamsupplier供應(yīng)鏈整合supplychainintegration下游企業(yè)downstreamfirm物資供應(yīng)materialprocurement流程圖flowdiagram預(yù)定程序booking-inprocessIIFillintheblankandputthesentenceintoChinese1、supplier,customer供應(yīng)鏈管理是供應(yīng)商與最終客戶(hù)間的連接網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。2、procure,transform,deliver供應(yīng)鏈管理是采購(gòu)原料和服務(wù)、生產(chǎn)/轉(zhuǎn)型形成中間產(chǎn)品和最終產(chǎn)品，并將其發(fā)送至客戶(hù)的各種活動(dòng)的整合。3、Technology技術(shù)在提高企業(yè)總體供應(yīng)鏈能力上具有更為重要的作用。4、improvingtherelationshipsofthepartiesonthechain.供應(yīng)鏈整合目標(biāo)實(shí)際上始于提高鏈上成員之間的關(guān)系5、brainstorming,cause-and-effect項(xiàng)目組和那些參與這一進(jìn)程的人開(kāi)了一個(gè)下午的會(huì)議，這種頭腦風(fēng)暴會(huì)議的結(jié)果產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)因果圖。III.Listentotheinterview,andanswertothefollowingquestions：TapescriptProf.GARYGEREFFI:Wal-Mart,asanefficiencymachine,hasjustdonebetterthananyotherU.S.retailer,orperhapsanyotherU.S.companyinhistory.HEDRICKSMITH:Withothermassretailchains,likeTargetandK-Mart,Wal-Martgeneratedarevolutioninhowgoodsareproduced,ashiftfromwhat'scalled"pushproduction"to"pullproduction."Prof.EDNABONACICH,U.C.Riverside:Thepushsysteminvolvedmanufacturersdecidingwhatthey'regoingtoproduceandthentryingtogetretailerstobuyitandsellitforthem.Thepullsysteminvolvesretailersdecidingwhatisbeingsold,collectinginformationonwhatisbeingsold,andthentellingmanufacturerswhattoproduceandwhentoproduceitbasedonwhatisactuallybeingsold.HEDRICKSMITH:Wal-Mart'spullissopowerfulthathereinBentonville,manufacturershavesetupsatellitesalesoffices.Inwhat'snowknownasVendorville,IfoundaWho'sWhoofWal-Martvendors.Inonecorporateofficepark,Ifoundasockmanufacturer,KentuckyDerbyHosiery.ItsCEOisBillNichol.BILLNICHOL,CEO,KentuckyDerbyHosiery:Yes.IfyouwanttosellWal-Mart,youknow,youneedtocometoBentonville.It'sbeenthatwayforalongtime.Idon'tseethatthat'sgoingtochange.Sopeoplewhotravelalotfounditmaybemoreconvenientjusttohaveanofficehere,thattheywerecontinuouslycomingtoBentonville,soalotofthemjustmovedhere,oratleastopenedanofficehere.HEDRICKSMITH:Thesupplierscomeindroves,hungryforbigcontracts.TheygetherdedintolittleroomsforbargainingsessionswithWal-Martbuyers.BILLNICHOL:Theyforceallofus,byreallygoodbusinessdiscipline,tobesurewe'repayingattentionatalltimestowhattheircustomerswanttobuy.Itservesthepurposeofsaying,"Thisiswhattheywant,andtheywanttobuyitatthisprice."Therefore,that'swhatwe'dbetterbedoing,ourlittlecompany.HEDRICKSMITH:ThefocusisonwhatmattersmosttoWal-Mart:prices.JONLEHMAN,FormerWal-MartStoreManager:Well,it'sveryone-sided.Thereisnonegotiation.There'snotmuchnegotiationatall.Themanufacturerwalksintotheroom.I'vebeenintheselittlecubicles,I'veseenithappen.Thebuyersays,"Look,wewantyoutosellittousfor5percentonadollar–atcost–lowerthisyearthanyoudidlastyear."Theyknoweveryfactandfigurethatthesemanufacturershave.Theyknowtheirbooks.Theyknowtheircosts.Theyknowtheirbusinesspractices–everything,youknow?Sowhat'samanufacturerlefttodo?TheysitnakedinfrontofWal-Mart.Youknow,Wal-Martcallstheshots."Ifyouwanttodobusinesswithus,ifyouwanttostayinbusiness,thenyou'regoingtodoitourway."Andit'sallaboutdrivingdownthecostofgoods.Prof.NELSONLICHTENSTEIN:ThepowerofWal-Martissuch,it'sreverseda100-yearhistoryinwhichthemanufacturerwaspowerfulandtheretailerwassortofthevassal.It'schangedthat.Itturnedthataroundentirely.Nowtheretailer,themassglobalretailer,isatthecenter.That'sthepower.Andthemanufacturerbecomestheserf,thevassal,theunderlingwhohastodothebiddingoftheretailer.That'sanewthing.

第2課IPhrasestranslation供應(yīng)鏈戰(zhàn)略supplychainstrategy多供應(yīng)商戰(zhàn)略manysuppliersstrategy少數(shù)供應(yīng)商戰(zhàn)略fewsuppliersstrategy縱向整合戰(zhàn)略verticalintegration企業(yè)集團(tuán)keiretsunetworks虛擬企業(yè)virtualcompany前向整合forwardintegration后向整合backwardintegration規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)economyofscale成本降低costreductionIIFillintheblankandputthesentenceintoChinese1、demands,specifications,lowbidder,supplier在多供應(yīng)商戰(zhàn)略中，各供應(yīng)商對(duì)采購(gòu)方的報(bào)價(jià)要求中的需求和規(guī)格做出回應(yīng)，訂單往往是為報(bào)價(jià)較低者所獲得。這種戰(zhàn)略是以一家供應(yīng)商擠脫另一家供應(yīng)商，將滿(mǎn)足買(mǎi)方要求的重?fù)?dān)轉(zhuǎn)嫁給了供應(yīng)商。2、broadobjectives,economiesofscale,transactioncosts,productioncosts長(zhǎng)期的供應(yīng)商更能理解采購(gòu)者和末端客戶(hù)的主要目標(biāo)。選擇少數(shù)供應(yīng)商，還可以使他們獲得規(guī)模效應(yīng)，這能降低交易和生產(chǎn)成本，從而為采購(gòu)者創(chuàng)造利潤(rùn)。3、captives,tradesecrets因?yàn)楣潭ê献鞯墓?yīng)商少,雙方都有被縛住手腳的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。糟糕的供應(yīng)商服務(wù)只是采購(gòu)者面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之一,采購(gòu)者同時(shí)要擔(dān)心商業(yè)秘密外泄,供應(yīng)商是否另有自己的合作者等問(wèn)題。4、forward,backward縱向整合有前向整合和后向整合兩種形式。III.Pleasecompletethefollowingtableanddiscusswithyourpartnertheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffivesupplychainstrategies:SupplychainstrategyAdvantagesDisadvantagesManysuppliersDifferentapproachestonegotiationsTheordergoingtothelowbidder,supplier’sburden,fiercecompetitionFewsupplierslong-termrelationshipwithafewdedicatedsupplierstheriskoflosingpartner,tradesecretsVerticalintegrationstrategicopportunities,costreduction,goodrelationshipTokeepupwiththemoderntechnologyKeiretsunetworkslong-termrelationships,providingtechnicalexpertiseandstablequalityproductionfinancialsupporttothesupplierVerticalcompaniesspecializedmanagementexpertise,lowcapitalinvestment,flexibility,andspeed,efficiencyavarietyofsupplierrelationships

第3課IPhrasestranslationdistributionprocess配送過(guò)程existingsystem現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)theenduser終端用戶(hù)vehicleconfigurations汽車(chē)配置inventoryshortfall庫(kù)存短缺distributionchain配送鏈designprinciple設(shè)計(jì)原則user’srequirements用戶(hù)需求supply-chainintegration供應(yīng)鏈整合supply-chainmanagement供應(yīng)鏈管理IIChallengingquestionsfordiscussion略Ch3第3章LogisticsforRetailManagement第1課練習(xí)題1.將下列詞匯翻譯成英語(yǔ)零售物流RetailLogistics綜合配送compositedistribution整合配送integrateddistribution快速反應(yīng)QuickResponse產(chǎn)品流Flowsofproducts風(fēng)險(xiǎn)流Flowsofrisk資金流Flowsoffinance信息流Flowsofinformation有效客戶(hù)響應(yīng)EfficientConsumerResponse2.句子填空，并翻譯成漢語(yǔ)1．Theeffortsofretailerstoundertakedistributionand____logistics_________functions_______havedramaticinfluenceon____stock___________holding_____.翻譯：零售商承擔(dān)物流配送功能會(huì)對(duì)其庫(kù)存量具有很大的影響.2．Retailershavebeenextendingtheir___control_________upstream_____,asaresultofQRpressuresandcompetition.翻譯：由于快速響應(yīng)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力，零售商開(kāi)始對(duì)上游的供應(yīng)商實(shí)施逆向控制。3．Thechannelofmodernretailingnowconsistsbasicallyofthreemainfactors-___consumers________retailers________and___manufacturers_______.翻譯：現(xiàn)代零售渠道主要是由是消費(fèi)者、零售商和制造商這三個(gè)成員所構(gòu)成的。4．Technologyisimportantinitself,but__the______use______of_______these_______data___throughouttheorganizationiscrucial.翻譯：科學(xué)技術(shù)本身就非常重要，在企業(yè)中使用這些數(shù)據(jù)是更為重要的。5．Retailersareincreasinglyoperatingonaninternationalscalewhetherintermsof___sourcing_____of_____products____oroperatingofstores.翻譯：無(wú)論是在產(chǎn)品采購(gòu)還是商店的經(jīng)營(yíng)方面，越來(lái)越多的零售商開(kāi)始在國(guó)際領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行運(yùn)作。6．Growingenvironmentalconcernisforcingretailerstodevelopbetterandmoreefficient____recycling___and_____re-use____systems.翻譯：日益突出的環(huán)境問(wèn)題要求零售商建立一個(gè)更有效的回收再利用的逆向物流系統(tǒng)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)物料資源的循環(huán)再利用。3．回答以下問(wèn)題:1．為什么說(shuō)零售商在物流中扮演越來(lái)越重要的角色?Retailinganddistributionareconcernedwithproductavailability.Retailersmustbeconcernedwiththeflowsofproductandinformationandthroughtheircompaniestomakeproductsavailabletoconsumers.Theconcerniswiththestructureandmanagementoflogisticschannels2．為什么要這么重視有效客戶(hù)反應(yīng)?Effectivecustomerresponsecanenhanceconsumervalue,improvetheoperationefficiencyofthewholesupplychain,reducethecostofthewholesystemasthegoal,therebyenhancingthecompetitivenessofenterprises.3．還有哪三個(gè)領(lǐng)域應(yīng)該由現(xiàn)代零售商的物流管理所重視？為什么呢？Standardization.Withstandardization,wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofhowaminutedecisionwillaffectdistributionsubstantially.Congestion.Formanyproductstransportationisaproblem.Transportationcongestioncouldpossiblyleadintheendtoelectronicshoppingandhomedelivery.Packagingandrecycling.Growingenvironmentalconcernisforcingretailerstodevelopbetterandmoreefficientrecyclingandre-usesystems.4．描述下樂(lè)購(gòu)在1970年到1997年間庫(kù)存量減少的情況，并討論庫(kù)存量減少的原因。TheinventoryofTescobegantoreducein1980,untilin1994theinventoryappearalittlegrowth.Retailers’effortstoundertakedistributionandlogisticsfunctionscausethereductionoftheinventory.4．舉例說(shuō)明零售業(yè)物流變化情況AreasImportantfactorsExamplesTechnology1.TocapturemuchmoredataaboutcustomersanddemandthanbeforeSeven-ElevenJapanCoLtdusedtechnologytorestructureunderstandingofconsumers,capturedemand,placeorders,distributeproductstostoresseveraltimesdaily.2.TheuseofthesedatathroughouttheorganizationInternationalization1.OperatingonaninternationalscaleWAL-MARTadoptstheglobalprocurements.2.FlowsrequiringclosermanagementAlliances1.RetailersadoptlogisticsalliancesManyoftheleadingretailers,especiallythefranchiseoperatorsofBenettonandSeven-ElevenJapanareattheforefrontofthechanges2.theriseofspecialistdistributorsManagementDifferentmethodsofoperatingRetailersormanufacturersneedtoconsideriftheywanttocarryoutphysicalactivitiesandinformationmanagementbythemselves.第2課習(xí)題I．詞組翻譯1．consolidationcenter集散中心2．computer-aideddesign(CAD)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)3．leansupply精益供應(yīng)鏈4．realdemand真實(shí)需求5．leadtime交貨時(shí)間6．服裝業(yè)apparelbusiness7．沖動(dòng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)impulsepurchase8．店內(nèi)展示in-storedisplay9．缺貨物品stock-outsII．句子填空，并翻譯成漢語(yǔ)Fashionisabroadtermwhichtypicallyreferstoanyproductormarketwherethereisanelementof_____style______whichislikelytobe__short-lived_______.翻譯：時(shí)尚是一個(gè)寬泛的概念，它通常指的是某個(gè)產(chǎn)品或者市場(chǎng)中的一些元素在社會(huì)生活的短時(shí)期內(nèi)的盛行。Therearethreecriticalleadtimesthatmustbemanagedbyorganizationsthatseektocompetesuccessfullyinfashionmarkets:____Time-to-market______,__Time-to-serve_________and_________Time-to-react______.翻譯：對(duì)于希望在時(shí)尚市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中能夠脫穎而出的服裝企業(yè)必須管理好三個(gè)3個(gè)關(guān)鍵的時(shí)間點(diǎn)：上市時(shí)間、服務(wù)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)時(shí)間。3．____Realdemand__________iswhatconsumersarebuyingorrequestinghourbyhour,daybyday.翻譯：所謂真實(shí)需求指的是消費(fèi)者會(huì)時(shí)刻購(gòu)買(mǎi)或者需要的商品。4.Manyorganizationsmakesignificantimprovementsbyadoptingtwostrategiesofreducingthe____logisticsleadtime_____andcapturing____information_________sooneronactualcustomerdemand.翻譯：III．回答下列問(wèn)題時(shí)尚市場(chǎng)的特征是什么?Shortlife-cycles:theproductisoftendesignedtocapturethemoodofthemoment.Highvolatility:demandfortheseproductsisrarelystableorlinear.Lowpredictability:itisextremelydifficulttoforecastwithanyaccuracyeventotaldemandduringaperiodHighimpulsepurchase:manybuyingdecisionsfortheseproductsaremadeatthepointofpurchase兩個(gè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)對(duì)時(shí)尚物流增加的復(fù)雜度和困難是什么？Firstisthegrowingtendencytosourceproductandmaterialsoff-shore,causinglongerlead-times.Thepressureforseekinglow-costmanufacturingcamefromtheretailers.Thesecondtrendisthemovesbymanyretailersintheapparelbusinesstoreducesignificantlythenumberofsupplierstheydobusinesswith.為什么入市時(shí)間對(duì)時(shí)尚業(yè)的企業(yè)那么重要？Companiesthatareslowtomarketcansufferintwoways.First,theymissasignificantsalesopportunitythatprobablywillnotberepeated.Second,thesupplierislikelytofindthatwhentheproductfinallyarrivesinthemarketplace,demandisstartingtofallaway,leadingtothelikelihoodofmark-downs.4．如何建立精益供應(yīng)鏈？Manyorganizationsmakesignificantimprovementsbyadoptingtwostrategiesofreducingthelogisticsleadtimeandcapturinginformationsooneronactualcustomerdemand第3課習(xí)題I．句子填空，并翻譯成漢語(yǔ)1．Thewarehousebuildingcomprises25,000squaremetresdividedintothreetemperaturezones:___℃)___，__+2℃(chilled)__,and___+12℃(semi-ambien____.翻譯：倉(cāng)庫(kù)建筑面積可達(dá)25000平方米，分為三個(gè)溫度區(qū)域：冷凍（-25℃）、冷藏（+2℃）、常溫（+12℃）。2．Deliveryvehiclesfromcompositedepotscanuse__insulatedtrailers___dividedintochambersbymeanof_movablebulkheads___sotheycanoperateatdifferenttemperatures.翻譯：倉(cāng)庫(kù)的運(yùn)載工具可以是采用具有隔熱性的拖車(chē)，并用可移動(dòng)的隔板將車(chē)輛分成幾個(gè)部分，使得他們?cè)诓煌瑴囟认逻\(yùn)行。3．Asacustomer’spurchasesarescannedthrough__thebarcodereader____atthetill,thesaleisautomaticallyrecordedfor___each(StockKeepingUnit)_______.翻譯：當(dāng)顧客購(gòu)買(mǎi)的商品經(jīng)過(guò)條形碼掃描后，銷(xiāo)售情況會(huì)被自動(dòng)記錄下，以便了解商品的庫(kù)存情況。4．Theflowoftheproductintothedistributioncentreisbrokenintofourwavesandspecificproductsaredeliveredindifferentcyclesthroughtheday.翻譯：產(chǎn)品流入配送中心后可以分為四個(gè)過(guò)程。一些特殊商品可能會(huì)在一天內(nèi)被重復(fù)多次搬運(yùn)。II．詞匯翻譯stock-keepingunits庫(kù)存量單位salesturnover銷(xiāo)售額regionaldistributioncenter(RDC)區(qū)域配中心store-basedorderingelectronicpointofsales(EPOS)systems電子銷(xiāo)售點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)cumulativesales累積銷(xiāo)售量internetprotocol互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議fast-movingproduct快速消費(fèi)品III.討論題簡(jiǎn)述樂(lè)購(gòu)企業(yè)的主要物流流程。provideacost-effectivedailydeliveryservicetoallstores(describeactivitiesindetail)我們應(yīng)該怎么管理快速消費(fèi)品？ensureproductavailabilityontheshelfpicktozerointhedistributioncenterdeliveriestostoresaremadeassoonastheproductispicked你是如何理解樂(lè)購(gòu)的核心宗旨“為客戶(hù)創(chuàng)造價(jià)值，以贏得他們終身的忠誠(chéng)度”？ThiscorepurposecanhelpTescowinthetrustofcustomers,andestablishstablerelationshipswithcustomers,finallycreateprofitfortheTesco.4．你認(rèn)為樂(lè)購(gòu)未來(lái)發(fā)展的物流挑戰(zhàn)是什么？IthinkthemainchallengesinrunningtheTescooperationishowtoreducethecostofpurchasingandinventory.Ch4第4章FreightTransport第1課EXERCISESI．Phrasestranslation班輪liner件雜貨generalcargo不定期船tramp核心港hubports支線(xiàn)港spokeport滾裝船Ro–Rovessels散裝inbulk遠(yuǎn)洋航線(xiàn)deep-searoute沿海航線(xiàn)coastalroute腹地hinterland遠(yuǎn)洋船ocean-goingvessel包運(yùn)合同contractofaffeightment期租timecharter閑置layup運(yùn)力過(guò)剩excessfleetcapacityII．Answerthefollowingquestions1．Whentheshipscallintheport,whatarelimitationsofportontheships?Depthofwater,theareaofwatertocallinorturnround,thefacilitiesofportandsoon2．Whyarethelargershipsputinthelongdistantroute?Foreconomiesofscale,reducingthecost3．Whentheshippingmarketisdown,whatshouldtheship’sownerdo?Reducethecostoftransportbyslowthespeed,cuttheunnecessaryactivities….,layouttheships,evenquitfromtheshippingmarket.4．Howdoyouthinktherelationshipoffourshippingfactorsofship,cargo,routeandport?略5．Canyoudescribethethreetypesofshippingservice.略

第2課EXERCISESI．Answerthefollowingquestions1．Howarethestorageshappenedinthebulktransportsystem,canyoureducethefrequencyofthehandlingoperation?Intheexportcountry:storageintheopenwarehouseattheorigin(e.g.mine,oilfield,factoryorsteelmill),storageintheloadingportIntheimportcountry:storageintheunloadingport,storageintheopenwarehouseatthedestinationDependonthetransportprocedure.2．Whichkindsofcargoesaresuitableforthebulktransport,andgivesomeexamples？largevolume,lowvalue,suitableforautomatedhandlingsystem,regularityoftradeflow3．Whatdoyouthinkoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthecontainertransport?略4．CanyouexplaintheabbreviationforFCL(LCL)?Fullcontainerloadlessthancontainerload5．Canyoudefinetheintermodaltransport?carrygoodsbyatleasttwodifferentmodesoftransport,andissueonebillofladingduringthewholevoyageII．CaseanalysisImporterAimportedonecontainerofcargoes.Hepickedupthecontainerfromcontaineryard,aftercheckingtheconditionofthecontaineratthedischargingport.ThecontainerwascarriedbythetrucktoawarehouseofAcompany.Whenthecontainerwasopen,theyfoundthecargoeswerepartlydamaged.Whoshouldberesponsibleforthedamagecargo,andwhy?(Freightitemsinthesaleofcontractandbillofladingareasfollows:CY-CY,FCL-FCL,shipper’sloadandcount)accordingtothetermofFCL,theexporterpackedcargoes,sotheexportershouldtakeresponsibilityandliabilityfordamage.第3課EXERCISESI．Answerthefollowingquestions1．howdoesthetransportsystemaffecttheenviroment?Answerthisquestionfromfiveparts:infrastructure,vehiclemanufacture,vehicletravel,vehiclemaintenance,vehicledisposal.2．whataretheenvironmentimpactfactorsoftransport?Networkstructure;traffic;transportmodeII．ExtendworkInvestigatethelocalenvironmentaltransportissues,describehowdoesfreightindustryaffecttheenvironment.略Ch5第5章IntermodalTransportandOBOR第1課IPhrasestranslation多式聯(lián)運(yùn)MultimodalTransport鐵路貨運(yùn)Railfreighting內(nèi)陸水運(yùn)inlandwaterway沿海運(yùn)輸coastalshipping雙峰運(yùn)輸BimodalTransport雙聯(lián)列車(chē)Bimodaltrains聯(lián)合運(yùn)輸（公鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)）CombinedTransport滾動(dòng)高速公路系統(tǒng)RollingMotorwaySystems背馱運(yùn)輸PiggybackTransport雙層平臺(tái)火車(chē)DoublestackTrainCarsIIFillintheblankandputthesentenceintoChinese1.operationallyefficient；origin聯(lián)合貨物運(yùn)輸以高效運(yùn)營(yíng)和低成本為目標(biāo)，將貨物從始發(fā)地運(yùn)送至目的地。2.lower-cost；less-polluting鐵路為長(zhǎng)距離貨物運(yùn)輸提供了一種低成本的運(yùn)輸方式，對(duì)環(huán)境的污染也少得多。3.twomodes“bi”的意思是“二”，當(dāng)與術(shù)語(yǔ)“model”一起使用時(shí)，意味著僅使用兩種運(yùn)輸方式來(lái)完成貨物運(yùn)輸。4.roadvehicles滾動(dòng)高速公路系統(tǒng)是一種將完整的道路車(chē)輛開(kāi)上專(zhuān)門(mén)為軌道交通建造的軌道貨車(chē)的系統(tǒng)。5.onthebackof背馱運(yùn)輸指的是將一個(gè)運(yùn)輸單元放在其他物品的背上進(jìn)行運(yùn)輸。III．Challengingquestionsfordiscussion略IV.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentmodesoftransportationinlogisticsystem.ModesoftransportationAdvantageDisadvantageRailfreightinglower-cost;multipleloads;less-pollutinghighinvestmentcost;poorflexibilityinlandwaterwaycoastalshippinglargetransportcapacity;ThemostCost-effective;Poorcontinuity;VulnerabletotheweatherbimodaltrainsRollingmotorwaysystemsPiggybacktransport第2課IPhrasestranslation“一帶一路”倡議TheBeltandRoadInitiative陸架通道Landcarriagechannels海河聯(lián)運(yùn)Thecombinedriver-seaintermodaltransportation海鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)rail-seatransportation海陸聯(lián)運(yùn)land-oceanintermodal陸橋運(yùn)輸Landbridgetransport五定班列thescheduledtrainsofthefivefixings絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶與21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路theSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21st-CenturyMaritimeSilkRoad第二歐亞大陸橋（新歐亞大陸橋）theSecondEurasianContinentalBridgethenewEurasianContinentalBridge渝新歐國(guó)際鐵路線(xiàn)Yuxinou(YXO)railurayIIFillintheblankandputthesentenceintoChinese1.theocean上海港主要作為內(nèi)河航運(yùn)（長(zhǎng)江）與海洋運(yùn)輸聯(lián)運(yùn)的節(jié)點(diǎn)。road-rail；land-ocean多式聯(lián)運(yùn)可分為公-鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)和陸海聯(lián)運(yùn)。SouthAmerica；Africa目前正在建設(shè)的大陸橋旨在通過(guò)五條不同的通道連接中國(guó)和非洲、歐洲、南美洲。doublestack-trains運(yùn)輸和信息新技術(shù)已普遍應(yīng)用于國(guó)際集裝箱運(yùn)輸當(dāng)中（如雙層列車(chē)和電子清關(guān)）。road；rail背馱運(yùn)輸使得道路和鐵路運(yùn)輸成為一個(gè)整體。III．Challengingquestionsfordiscussion略IV.Chessgame略第3課IPhrasestranslation“一帶一路”倡議TheBeltandRoadInitiative 互利合作mutuallybeneficialcooperation西伯利亞大鐵路theTransSiberianRailway歐亞大陸橋theEurasianLandbridge跨亞洲鐵路Trans-AsianRailway集裝箱貨運(yùn)containershipping貿(mào)易走廊tradecorridors鐵路樞紐railwayhub制造業(yè)集群manufacturingcluster海上通道seawayIIFillintheblankandputthesentenceintoChineserailconnections；ports中國(guó)正尋求通過(guò)在中亞發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)包括鐵路節(jié)點(diǎn)、內(nèi)陸碼頭和港口等擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易關(guān)系。TheEurasianLandbridge；thecongestion對(duì)中國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)，歐亞大陸橋提供了一個(gè)發(fā)展內(nèi)陸省份和緩解沿海港口擁堵的機(jī)會(huì)。jade;tea;spices絲綢之路貿(mào)易的主要商品有黃金、珠寶、茶葉和香料等。India連接地中海地區(qū)和印度的海上航線(xiàn)最初的開(kāi)辟發(fā)生在羅馬時(shí)代。Guangzhou；theIndianOcean；theRedSea主要的阿拉伯海航線(xiàn)始于廣州，途經(jīng)東南亞、印度洋、紅海，然后到達(dá)亞歷山大。III．Challengingquestionsfordiscussion略Ch06第6章PhysicalDistribution第1課I.Formphrases實(shí)物配送Physicaldistribution訂單處理Orderprocess集約式分銷(xiāo)intensivedistribution獨(dú)家分銷(xiāo)exclusivedistribution實(shí)物履行Physicalfulfillment客戶(hù)要求Customerrequirements選擇性分銷(xiāo)selectivedistribution零售價(jià)retailpriceII.FillintheblanksandputthesentencesintoChineseTheoverallprocessofgainingandmaintainingcustomerscanbebroadlydividedintotransaction-creationandphysical-fulfillmentactivities.獲得客戶(hù)和保持客戶(hù)的整個(gè)過(guò)程大致可以分為交易的產(chǎn)生和實(shí)物履行活動(dòng)。Theyareordertransmission,orderprocessing,orderselection,ordertransportation,andcustomerdelivery.它們是訂單傳送,訂單處理,訂單貨揀選,訂單貨運(yùn)輸和送貨至客戶(hù)。Often,thismeansthatmarketingandsaleswouldliketomaintainabroadproductlinewithhighinventoryregardlessofeachproduct’sactualprofitpotential.通常,這是指市場(chǎng)和銷(xiāo)售(部門(mén))希望保持高庫(kù)存的寬的產(chǎn)品線(xiàn)而不考慮每一產(chǎn)品的實(shí)際的潛在利潤(rùn)。Theveryfactthatphysicaldistributiondealswithcustomerrequirementsmeansthatrelatedoperationswillbemoreerraticthancharacteristicofmanufacturingsupportandprocurementperformancecycles.實(shí)物配送需滿(mǎn)足客戶(hù)需求的這一事實(shí)意味著有關(guān)的運(yùn)作比生產(chǎn)支持的特征和完成采購(gòu)周期更具有可變性。5.physicaldistributionperformancecyclesshouldbedesignedtobeasflexibleandresponsiveaspossible.實(shí)物配送的履行周期應(yīng)該盡可能地設(shè)計(jì)得富有柔性和具有好的響應(yīng)性。.6.Theproduceralsomayrestrictthenumberofretailoutletsiftheproductrequiresspecializedservicingorsalessupport.如果產(chǎn)品需要特殊的服務(wù)或銷(xiāo)售支持,廠(chǎng)商也限制零售輸出口子的數(shù)量。III.Pleasecompletethefollowingtabletogetyourselffamiliarwiththeinformationontypesofdistribution:TypeofdistributionAppropriatecustomers（合適的顧客）Appropriateproducts（合適的產(chǎn)品）IntensivedistributionRetailers，wholesalers1.chewinggum,candybar,softdrinks,bread,film,andcigarettes;2.pencils,paperclips,transparenttape,filefolders,typingpaper,screws,andnailsselectivedistributionwholesalersorretailers,themanufacturersclothing,appliances,televisions,stereoequipment,homefurnishings,andsportsequipmentexclusivedistributionsingleoutletwithanexclusivefranchise,themanufacturersspecialtyautomobiles,somemajorappliances,certainbrandoffurniture,andlinesofclothingthatenjoyahighdegreeofbrandloyaltyIV.Listentothe