2023-2024學(xué)年北師大版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)Unit 8 Green Living Lesson 3 White Bikes on the Road同步課時(shí)訓(xùn)練（含答案）

Unit8GreenLivingLesson3WhiteBikesontheRoad—2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)北師大版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)同步課時(shí)訓(xùn)練一、填空1.PeopleinAmsterdam______

(enjoy)thebenefitsofcyclingforyears.2.Planningisthekey,notonlyto______

(track)yourprogress,buttoensuringthatyoucanfinishyourtasksontime.3.Alotoftraditionalcustoms______

(disappear)withthedevelopmentofthesociety4.Iwalkednervouslyupthepath______

(lead)tothesecretgarden.5.Itwas

______(amaze)howmymothercopedwithbringingupthreechildrenonlessthanthirtydollarsaweek.6.Cyclingishighly_____(benefit)toourhealthandtheenvironment.7.SanFranciscoplanstosetupfree,universallyavailablewirelessaccesstotheInternet,_____(know)asWi-Fi.8.Amedicalteam_____(consist)offivedoctorsandtwonursessetofffortheearthquake-strickenarea.9.Somestudentsmayfeelagrowingsenseoffearwiththeexamseason_____(approach)whileothersmayappearfairlycalm.10.Thesymptomsofflumaybeunpleasant,buttheywill_____(appear)withinafewdaysaftertakingthemedicine.二、七選五Theprocessbywhichrichlandbecomesdesertiscalleddesertification(沙漠化).①______TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica'slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.Africa'sGreatGreenWallisaprojecttobuildan8000-kilometer-longforestacross11ofthecontinent'scountries.TheprojectismeanttocontainthegrowingSaharaDesertandfightclimatechange.②_____Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.Just4millionhectaresoflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsincetheworkontheGreatGreenWallbegan15yearsago.③______Launchedin2007,theprojectaimstoplantaforestfromSenegalontheAtlanticOceaninwesternAfricatoEritrea,EthiopiaandDjiboutiintheeast.④____Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.⑤_____Theysaysomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.Forexample,effortsinEritreaandSudanhaveresultedinnearly140,000hectaresofnewlyplantedforest.TheU.N.desertificationagencysaystheprojectwillneedtoplantanaverageof8.2millionhectaresyearlytoreachitsgoalof100millionhectaresby2030.A.Ithassevereimpactsontheenvironment.B.Thatisonly4percentoftheprogram'sgoal.C.However,itisdifficulttocarryouttheproject.D.Buttheprojecthasbeenfacingmanyproblems.E.TheprojectwouldcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica.F.Despitemanyproblems,thoseinvolvedintheprojectremainhopeful.G.Somecountrieshavestruggledtokeepupwiththedemandsoftheproject.三、閱讀理解Itisatoughtimetobeatree.Earthhaslostathirdofitsforestsoverthepast10,000years—halfofthatjustsince1900.Weloggedthemforwood.Wecutthemtomakewayforfarmsandcattle.Weclearedlandtobuildhomesandroads.Althoughdeforestationhasdecreasedgloballyfromitspeakinthe1980s,trendsvarybyregion.InIndonesia,whichhadbeencuttingdownforestsforoilpalmplantations(棕櫚種植園),primaryforestlosshasdeclinedsince2016.FromAugust2020toJuly2021,theBrazilianAmazonlost5,000squaremilesofrainforest,a22percentincreaseoverthepreviousyear.Since1990,we'vecutdownmoreforestgloballythanthereisforestintheUnitedStates.TreesaregrowingfasterastheyabsorbextraCO2.That"greening"oftheplanethassofarhelpedslowclimatechange.Butclimatechangeiskillingtrees.Andwhathasmadeforestscientistsincreasinglyuneasyisthequickeningpaceofextremeevents—fire,morepowerfulstorms,and,mostnotably,severeheatanddrought,whichcanworsentheeffectsofalltherest,shiftingforeststhathavebeenaroundsincethelasticeagetoentirelynewstates.Climatechangestillposeslessofathreattoforeststhanloggingandlandclearing,butthethreatisgrowingfast.SatellitedatashowthatEarth'stree-coveredareaactuallyexpandedfrom1982to2016by7percent,anarealargerthanMexico.Butthatdoesn'tmeanforestsaredoingfine.Thedatadon'tdistinguishbetweennaturalforestsandindustrialtreefarms,suchasthemillionsofpalm,eucalyptus(桉樹(shù)),andpinetreesplantedascropswhilerainforestiscleared.Also,thedatadon'tshowwhichforestswerelosttochainsawsandwhichwerekilledbyclimate-relatedevents.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"deforestation"meaninparagraph1?A.Thestateofforests. B.Thegrowthoftrees.C.Theremovaloftrees. D.Thedisappearanceofforests.13.Whatareforestscientistsconcernedabout?A.Extremeclimateisspeedingup. B.Theinfluenceofstormsispowerful.C.Forestsaregettingworseandworse. D.Forestshavechangedtonewstates.14.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthesatellitedata?A.Positive. B.Cautious. C.Approving. D.Indifferent.15.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Ahistorybook. B.Asciencefiction.C.Asciencereport. D.Ahealthmagazine.

答案以及解析一、填空1.答案：havebeenenjoying解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：阿姆斯特丹的人們多年來(lái)一直在享受騎自行車(chē)的好處。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和句意可知這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示enjoy這個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，將來(lái)可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)。故填havebeenenjoying。2.答案：tracking解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：計(jì)劃不僅是跟蹤你的進(jìn)度的關(guān)鍵，而且是確保你能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)的關(guān)鍵。to為介詞，后跟v.-ing形式。故填tracking。3.答案：aredisappearing解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，許多傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗正在消失。由句意可知，這里指正在消失，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，customs為復(fù)數(shù)。故填aredisappearing。4.答案：leading解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我緊張地順著通往秘密花園的小徑走。lead與path之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填leading。5.答案：amazing解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：讓人驚嘆的是我母親如何用每周不到三十美元養(yǎng)育了三個(gè)孩子。故填amazing。6.答案：beneficial

解析：句意為:騎車(chē)對(duì)我們的健康和環(huán)境非常有益。bebeneficialto為固定搭配,意為"對(duì)......有益"。故填beneficial。7.答案：known

解析：句意為:舊金山計(jì)劃建立免費(fèi)的、全球共享的無(wú)線接入網(wǎng)絡(luò),就是我們熟知的Wi-Fi。beknownas為固定搭配,意為"作為……被熟知",此處為過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填8.答案：consisting

解析：句意為:由五名醫(yī)生和兩名護(hù)士組成的醫(yī)療隊(duì)出發(fā)前往地震災(zāi)區(qū)。本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞setoff,與設(shè)空處無(wú)連詞連接,所以設(shè)空處須用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ),修飾主語(yǔ)Amedicalteam;consistof為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),不可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故填現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填consisting。9.答案：approaching

解析：句意為:隨著考試季臨近,有些學(xué)生會(huì)感受到越來(lái)越強(qiáng)的恐懼感,而其他人會(huì)表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)鎮(zhèn)定。此處考查"with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu),approach和theexamseason之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填approaching。10.答案：disappear

解析：句意為:流感的癥狀可能會(huì)令人不舒服,但是服藥后癥狀在幾天內(nèi)就會(huì)消失。根據(jù)后面的aftertakingthemedicine可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)表示癥狀"消失"。appear意為"出現(xiàn)",反義詞為disappear,意為"消失"。故填disappear。二、七選五答案：①-⑤ADBEF解析：①根據(jù)下文"TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica'slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.(聯(lián)合國(guó)表示,非洲多達(dá)45%的土地受到荒漠化的影響,比其他任何大陸都嚴(yán)重。)"可知,該空是介紹沙漠化對(duì)環(huán)境的影響,A項(xiàng)"Ithassevereimpactsontheenvironment.(它對(duì)環(huán)境有嚴(yán)重影響。)"中的impacts為解題的關(guān)鍵信息,所講述的內(nèi)容與下文一致。故選A。②根據(jù)下文"Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.(它們包括有限的政治支持,缺乏資金,組織結(jié)構(gòu)薄弱以及對(duì)環(huán)境的考慮不足。)"列舉了各種問(wèn)題,與D項(xiàng)"Buttheprojecthasbeenfacingmanyproblems.(但該項(xiàng)目一直面臨許多問(wèn)題。)"呼應(yīng)。故選D。③根據(jù)空格位于段尾可知,此處應(yīng)該是對(duì)該段的總結(jié),上文"Just4millionhectaresoflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsincetheworkontheGreatGreenWallbegan15yearsago.(自15年前綠色長(zhǎng)城工程開(kāi)始以來(lái),只有400萬(wàn)公頃的土地變成了森林。)"講述的是自15年前綠色長(zhǎng)城工程開(kāi)始以來(lái)的取得的成績(jī),B項(xiàng)"Thatisonly4percentoftheprogram'sgoal.(這只是該計(jì)劃目標(biāo)的4%。)"中的that指代的內(nèi)容與上文內(nèi)容相符合。故選B。④根據(jù)空后"Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.(它還可以降低該地區(qū)與氣候相關(guān)的遷移水平,并從空氣中捕獲數(shù)億噸二氧化碳。)"可知,該空所填內(nèi)容是對(duì)項(xiàng)目好處的表述,E項(xiàng)"TheprojectwouldcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica."講述的該項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)生的影響,符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。⑤根據(jù)下文"Theysaysomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.(他們說(shuō),近年來(lái)非洲大陸東部取得了一些進(jìn)展。)"可知,此空所填內(nèi)容中必須包含名詞復(fù)數(shù)與該句中的代詞they指代內(nèi)容一致,F項(xiàng)"Despitemanyproblems,thoseinvolvedintheprojectremainhopeful.(盡管存在許多問(wèn)題,但參與該項(xiàng)目的人仍然充滿希望。)"中的those指代內(nèi)容與they一致,結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)意理解,可以判斷F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。三、閱讀理解1.答案：C解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。上文"Weloggedthemforwood.Wecutthemtomakewayforfarmsandcattle.Weclearedlandtobuildhomesandroads.(我們把它們砍成木材。我們砍伐樹(shù)木，為農(nóng)場(chǎng)和牲畜騰出地方。我們清理土地建造房屋和道路)"提到了森林遭受各種目的的砍伐，再根據(jù)下文的decreased可推知，此處指這種"砍伐"在20世紀(jì)80年代達(dá)到巔峰后有所下降。由此推知，劃線詞deforestation是