2023-2024學(xué)年河北省邢臺(tái)市五校質(zhì)檢聯(lián)盟高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE3河北省邢臺(tái)市五校質(zhì)檢聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearetheintroductionsandachievementsoffourscientists.J?nsJacobBerzeliusJ?nsJacobBerzeliuswasaSwedishchemist,oftenreferredtoasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry.Hedevelopedasystemofchemicalsymbols,whichlaidthefoundationfortheestablishmentofthemodernperiodictable.Berzeliusalsomadeimportantdiscoveriesinthefieldofelectrochemistry.NielsHenrikDavidBohrNielsHenrikDavidBohrwasaDanishphysicist.Heproposedtheatomic(原子的)modelknownastheBohrmodel,whichexplainedthebehaviorofelectronsmovinginfixedenergylevelsororbitsaroundtheatomicnucleus.Hismodelhelpedexplainthespectraofelementsandlaidthegroundworkforfurtherdevelopmentsinatomicphysics.RobertBoyleRobertBoyle,borninIreland,wasregardedasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry,knownforBoyle’slaw.Boyle’slawdescribestherelationshipbetweenthepressureandvolume(體積)ofagasatconstanttemperature.Boyle’sworklaidthefoundationforthemodernunderstandingofgasbehaviorandpromotedthedevelopmentofscientificexperimentalmethods.WilliamLawrenceBraggWilliamLawrenceBraggwasaBritishphysicistborninAustraliawhomadesignificantcontributionstoX-raycrystallography(晶體學(xué)).TogetherwithhisfatherWilliamHenryBragg,hedevelopedthefamousBragg’slaw.Thisdiscoveryrevolutionizedthefieldofcrystallographyandpavedthewayfordeterminingtheatomicandmolecularstructuresofvarioussubstances,includingDNAandproteins.1.WhatdowesayaboutJ?nsJacobBerzelius?A.Heinventedanewchemicalsubstance.B.Heestablishedthemodernperiodictable.C.Hewasreferredtoasafounderofmodernphysics.D.Hemadeimportantachievementsinthefieldofelectrochemistry.2.WhowasborninIreland?A.JonsJacobBerzelius. B.NielsHenrikDavidBohr.C.RobertBoyle. D.WilliamLawrenceBragg.3.WhatdoNielsHenrikDavidBohrandWilliamLawrenceBragghaveincommon?A.TheywereborninDenmark. B.Theymadeacontributiontophysics.C.Theydiscoverednewmodelsforchemistry. D.Theydidresearchtogetherwiththeirfamily.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四個(gè)科學(xué)家和他們的成就?！敬鸢浮?.D2.C3.B1．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)J?nsJacobBerzelius標(biāo)題下的“J?nsJacobBerzeliuswasaSwedishchemist,oftenreferredtoasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry.Hedevelopedasystemofchemicalsymbols,whichlaidthefoundationfortheestablishmentofthemodernperiodictable.Berzeliusalsomadeimportantdiscoveriesinthefieldofelectrochemistry.(J?ns雅各布·貝采里烏斯是一位瑞典化學(xué)家，通常被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代化學(xué)的創(chuàng)始人之一。他發(fā)展了一套化學(xué)符號(hào)系統(tǒng)，為現(xiàn)代元素周期表的建立奠定了基礎(chǔ)。貝采里烏斯在電化學(xué)領(lǐng)域也有重要發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知，他在電化學(xué)方面做出了重要發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。2．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RobertBoyle標(biāo)題下的“RobertBoyle,borninIreland,wasregardedasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry,knownforBoyle’slaw.(羅伯特·波義耳，出生于愛爾蘭，被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代化學(xué)的奠基人之一，以波義耳定律而聞名。)”可知，羅伯特·波義耳出生在愛爾蘭。故選C。3．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NielsHenrikDavidBohr標(biāo)題下的“Hismodelhelpedexplainthespectraofelementsandlaidthegroundworkforfurtherdevelopmentsinatomicphysics.(他的模型有助于解釋元素的光譜，并為原子物理學(xué)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。)”和最后一段WilliamLawrenceBragg標(biāo)題下的“WilliamLawrenceBraggwasaBritishphysicistborninAustraliawhomadesignificantcontributionstoX-raycrystallography(晶體學(xué)).TogetherwithhisfatherWilliamHenryBragg,hedevelopedthefamousBragg’slaw.Thisdiscoveryrevolutionizedthefieldofcrystallographyandpavedthewayfordeterminingtheatomicandmolecularstructuresofvarioussubstances,includingDNAandproteins.(威廉·勞倫斯·布拉格是一位出生于澳大利亞的英國(guó)物理學(xué)家，他與父親威廉·亨利·布拉格一起發(fā)展了著名的布拉格定律，對(duì)X射線晶體學(xué)做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)徹底改變了晶體學(xué)領(lǐng)域，為確定包括DNA和蛋白質(zhì)在內(nèi)的各種物質(zhì)的原子和分子結(jié)構(gòu)鋪平了道路。)”可知，他們都對(duì)物理做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選B。BKennyLakeSchoolinAlaskaissmall,withabout60studentsfromkindergartentohighschoolseniors.JenniferHodges,ateacher,said,“Mystudentssitonlyatdesksfor20minutesaday.Theydoalotofpracticallearning,suchasraisingsalmon(鮭)fromeggtofry(魚苗)intheclassroomandthenreleasingthemintolakes.”ItisthroughaprogramcalledSalmonintheClassroom.KateMorse,programdirectorfortheproject,isinchargeoftheprogram.Withthisproject,studentshaveacompletelydifferentattitudesbecausetheyknowwhatittakestoactuallygothroughthestagesofasalmon.Theythinklearningaboutthehabitattemperatureandtheeffectsofclimatechangeismorecrucialnowthanever.In2022,theArctichaditssixth-warmestyearonrecord.Butthisisunusualinraisingsalmon,whichrequirecoldwatertosurvive.“Wehadafailureinourequipmentanditbroughtthetemperatureupaboutfivedegrees”,saidHodges.“Justwarmingitthatmuchjustkilledoureggs.”Theycanalsoobservehowdeadlypollutantscanbetosalmon’shabitat.Duringthemonthswhenthesalmonareintheclassroom,studentsliketositbythetanktoobserve.“Forinstance,puttinghandsanitizer(消毒劑)onyourhandsandthenputtingyourfingersinthetank,you’vepollutedthetank,”saidHodges.EachyearinMay,shetakesherstudentsontheSalmonFieldTrip,wheretheywillnamethefishandgettoreleasethesalmonthey’veraisedinclass.“Thebestpartisgettingtoreleasethemafterwatchingthemhatchfromeggsandgrowintofryandtakingcareofthem,”saidFisher,astudent.“Yougettosaygoodbye.”“Iwenttoreleasethemlastyearandthelakewasstillcoveredwithice,”saidStyrling,astudent.“Ifellin.Itwascold,butitwasstillfunny.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentsinKennyLakeSchool?A.Theyraisesalmonfortheireggs. B.Theyalwayssitatdesksallday.C.Theycanreceivehands-oneducation. D.Theycancombinelearningwithhobbies.5.Whyistheprogrammentionedinparagraph2?A.Tostresstheroletheprogramhasplayed. B.Tointroducethefounderoftheprogram.C.Toexplainwaysthatstudentsraisesalmon. D.ToemphasizeKateMorse’sresponsibility.6.WhichstatementissupportedbyHodges?A.Climatechangehasaminimalimpactonsalmonhabitats.B.Salmoneggsaresensitivetotheriseofwatertemperature.C.Theirequipmentfailurecausedadecreaseinwatertemperature.D.Studentsobservethetanktolearnaboutpollutioncausedbysalmon.7.Whatisthestudents’attitudetoraisingsalmon?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹的是阿拉斯加的一所學(xué)校通過“課堂上的鮭魚”項(xiàng)目，給孩子們提供實(shí)踐學(xué)習(xí)?！敬鸢浮?.C5.A6.B7.A4．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“JenniferHodges,ateacher,said,“Mystudentssitonlyatdesksfor20minutesaday.Theydoalotofpracticallearning,suchasraisingsalmon(鮭)fromeggtofry(魚苗)intheclassroomandthenreleasingthemintolakes.”(老師詹妮弗·霍奇斯說(shuō)：“我的學(xué)生每天只在課桌前坐20分鐘。他們做了很多實(shí)踐的學(xué)習(xí)，比如在教室里把鮭魚從魚卵養(yǎng)成魚苗，然后把它們放生到湖里。”)”可知，在KennyLakeSchool的學(xué)生們很少在課桌前坐著上課，他們做很多的實(shí)踐課，所以這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生接受的是實(shí)踐教育。故選C項(xiàng)。5．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ItisthroughaprogramcalledSalmonintheClassroom.(它是通過一個(gè)名為“課堂上的鮭魚”的項(xiàng)目實(shí)現(xiàn)的)”可知，學(xué)生們的實(shí)踐課是通過該項(xiàng)目實(shí)現(xiàn)的，結(jié)合下文中的“Withthisproject,studentshaveacompletelydifferentattitudesbecausetheyknowwhatittakestoactuallygothroughthestagesofasalmon.(通過這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，學(xué)生們有了完全不同的態(tài)度，因?yàn)樗麄冎栗q魚完成每個(gè)階段實(shí)際上需要什么)”可知，學(xué)生們通過該項(xiàng)目可以了解到鮭魚的每個(gè)階段需要什么，由此可知，提到該項(xiàng)目的目的是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的重要作用。故選A項(xiàng)。6．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Wehadafailureinourequipmentanditbroughtthetemperatureupaboutfivedegrees”,saidHodges.“Justwarmingitthatmuchjustkilledoureggs.”(“我們的設(shè)備出現(xiàn)了故障，導(dǎo)致溫度上升了大約5度?！被羝嫠拐f(shuō)，“只是讓它變熱到那么高，就會(huì)殺死我們的鮭魚卵?！?”可知，霍奇斯說(shuō)，只需要把溫度提升5度，就可以把鮭魚卵全部殺死，由此可知，鮭魚卵對(duì)水溫上升很敏感。故選B項(xiàng)。7．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段““Iwenttoreleasethemlastyearandthelakewasstillcoveredwithice,”saidStyrling,astudent.“Ifellin.Itwascold,butitwasstillfunny.”(“去年我去放生，湖上還覆蓋著冰，”學(xué)生Styrling說(shuō)?！拔业暨M(jìn)去了。天氣很冷，但仍然很有趣?！?”可知，學(xué)生在放生的時(shí)候掉進(jìn)了水里，卻覺得很有趣，由此可推斷，學(xué)生們對(duì)于放生鮭魚的態(tài)度是積極的。故選A項(xiàng)。CHumanity’simpactontheenvironmentisoftenframedinthecontextofthepost-industrialerabutnewresearchshowshowintensivelandusebyamedievalEastAfricanpopulationchangedtheirnaturalhabitatforever.UngujaUkuu,ahistoricsettlementlocatedonZanzibarIsland,inZanzibar,Tanzania,wasakeyportoftradeintheIndianOceanbythefirstmillennium(一千年)ADwhentheislandwaspopulatedbyfarmingsocietiesestablishingtradelinkswiththeIndianOcean,Chinaandbeyond.“TheislandsofZanzibarwitnessednumerousenvironmentalandculturalchangesastheregionbecameacenterofmaritimetrade,cross-culturalinteraction,andglobalexchange,”saysthestudy’sleadauthorDr.AniaKotarba-Morley.Thesechangesresultedinthedumpingoffoodremains,generalwasteandincreasedagriculturalactivityandlanduse,allofwhichnegativelyimpactedsediment(沉淀物)build-upalongtheisland.“OurstudyoutlinesclearlyhowhumandisturbanceinanaturalenvironmentimpactedcoastallandformsandsedimentsonaremoteEastAfricanislandalreadyover1,000yearsagoanddirectlychangedthefortunesofthecoastalinhabitantsintheareaasaresult,”saysDr.Ania.Theresearchersappliedavarietyofstandardsandnewtechniquestofindnewpatternswhichimproveourunderstandingofthechangesinthemake-upofthesedimentalongthecoastlineoflocalcreeks(小海灣)andthebayontheisland,directlyimpactedbyhumanactivity.Tohelpunderstandhowandwhytheseancientportsthrived(繁榮)ordeclined,itisimportanttoknowhowthecoastallandscapeinfluencedthewaytradersundertooktheircommercialactivities,ordrovedecisions,includingmooring(停泊)locationsandinvestmentsoflabourandcapitalbylocalcommunitiesandanycentralauthorities.Theresearcherssaytheseprocessesmightberesponsibleforthedecline,andeventualabandonmentofUngujaUkuuattheturnofthesecondmillenniumAD—aperiodofregionalsocio-politicalandeconomictransformationofcoastalAfricansocietiesthatmarkedtheappearanceofmaritimeSwahiliculture.8.WhatcanweinferaboutZanzibarIslandinthefirstmillenniumAD?A.Ithadthebiggestportoftrade. B.Ithaddevelopedagriculture.C.Itwasthecenteroftheworldindustry. D.IthadthesettlementsoffirstAfricans.9.WhatdidDr.Ania’sresearchfindout?A.Agriculturalactivitiespromotedglobalexchange.B.ThebuildingofUngujaUkuudestroyedtheshoreline.C.TheIndianOceanwasthebirthplaceofglobalization.D.AncienthumansinfluencedAfricanislandenvironment.10.Whatdidtheresearchersfocusoninthestudy?A.Thefishnumbers. B.Thebayontheisland.C.Thechangesofcoastallandscape. D.Themake-upofthelocalcreeks.11.WhathappenedattheturnofthesecondmillenniumAD?A.UngujaUkuuwasdeserted.B.TheSwahiliculturedisappeared.C.Thecross-culturalinteractionstarted.D.Thetradelinkswereestablishedintheworld.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)人類對(duì)環(huán)境的影響不僅僅發(fā)生在后工業(yè)時(shí)代，早在中世紀(jì)，東非人集約式的耕作方式就已經(jīng)使他們的自然棲息地發(fā)生了永久性的改變?！敬鸢浮?.B9.D10.C11.A8．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“UngujaUkuu,ahistoricsettlementlocatedonZanzibarIsland,inZanzibar,Tanzania,wasakeyportoftradeintheIndianOceanbythefirstmillennium(一千年)ADwhentheislandwaspopulatedbyfarmingsocietiesestablishingtradelinkswiththeIndianOcean,Chinaandbeyond.(UngujaUkuu是位于坦桑尼亞桑給巴爾島的一個(gè)歷史定居點(diǎn)，在公元第一個(gè)千年時(shí)，該島是印度洋貿(mào)易的重要港口，當(dāng)時(shí)島上居住著與印度洋，中國(guó)和其他地區(qū)建立貿(mào)易聯(lián)系的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì))”可推知，該島發(fā)展了農(nóng)業(yè)。故選B。9．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“OurstudyoutlinesclearlyhowhumandisturbanceinanaturalenvironmentimpactedcoastallandformsandsedimentsonaremoteEastAfricanislandalreadyover1,000yearsagoanddirectlychangedthefortunesofthecoastalinhabitantsintheareaasaresult(我們的研究清楚地概述了人類對(duì)自然環(huán)境的干擾如何在1000多年前就影響了一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的東非島嶼的海岸地貌和沉積物，并直接改變了該地區(qū)沿海居民的命運(yùn))”可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一千多年前人類是如何影響東非一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)島嶼上的沿海地貌和沉積物形成的。故選D。10．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theresearchersappliedavarietyofstandardsandnewtechniquestofindnewpatternswhichimproveourunderstandingofthechangesinthemake-upofthesedimentalongthecoastlineoflocalcreeks(小海灣)andthebayontheisland,directlyimpactedbyhumanactivity.(研究人員應(yīng)用了各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和新技術(shù)來(lái)尋找新的模式，這些模式提高了我們對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)匦∠蛵u上海灣沿岸沉積物組成變化的理解，這些變化直接受到人類活動(dòng)的影響)”以及第六段“Tohelpunderstandhowandwhytheseancientportsthrived(繁榮)ordeclined,itisimportanttoknowhowthecoastallandscapeinfluencedthewaytradersundertooktheircommercialactivities,ordrovedecisions,includingmooring(停泊)locationsandinvestmentsoflabourandcapitalbylocalcommunitiesandanycentralauthorities.(為了幫助理解這些古代港口興盛或衰落的方式和原因，重要的是要了解沿海景觀如何影響商人進(jìn)行商業(yè)活動(dòng)的方式，或推動(dòng)決策，包括停泊地點(diǎn)和當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和任何中央當(dāng)局的勞動(dòng)力和資本投資)”可知，研究人員在研究中注重沿海景觀的變化。故選C。11．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearcherssaytheseprocessesmightberesponsibleforthedecline,andeventualabandonmentofUngujaUkuuattheturnofthesecondmillenniumAD—aperiodofregionalsocio-politicalandeconomictransformationofcoastalAfricansocietiesthatmarkedtheappearanceofmaritimeSwahiliculture.(這組科學(xué)家說(shuō)，這些過程可能是UngujaUkuu在公元第二個(gè)千年之交衰落和最終被遺棄的原因。公元第二個(gè)千年是非洲沿海社會(huì)的區(qū)域社會(huì)政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期，標(biāo)志著海上斯瓦希里文化的出現(xiàn))”可知，在公元第二個(gè)千年之交，UngujaUkuu最終被拋棄。故選A。DTheartificialintelligencealgorithms(算法)behindtheprogramofanAIchatapp,whichhasdrawnattentionforitsabilitytogeneratehumanlikewrittenresponsestosomeofthemostcreativequeries,mightonedaybeabletohelpdoctorsdetectAlzheimer’sdiseaseinitsearlystages.ResearchfromDrexelUniversity’sSchoolofBiomedicalEngineering,ScienceandHealthSystemsrecentlyprovedthattheprogramoftheAIchatappcanidentifycluesfromspontaneous(自發(fā)的)speechthatare80%accurateinpredictingtheearlystagesofdementia(癡呆).ThecurrentpracticefordiagnosingAlzheimer’sdiseasetypicallyinvolvesamedicalhistoryreviewandlengthysetofphysicalandneurologicalevaluationsandtests.Whilethereisstillnocureforthedisease,spottingitearlycangivepatientsmoreoptionsforwaysoftreatmentandsupport.Becausethelanguagedisabilityisasymptom(癥狀)in60%-80%ofdementiapatients,researchershavebeenfocusingonprogramsthatcanpickuponunobviousclues,suchashesitation,makinggrammarandpronunciationmistakesandforgettingthemeaningofwords,asaquicktestthatcouldindicatewhetherornotapatientshouldhaveafullexamination.“TheAIsystemicapproachtolanguageanalysisandproductionmakesitapromisingpossibilityforidentifyingtheunobviousspeechcharacteristicsthatmaypredictthebeginningofdementia,”saidFelixAgbavor,adoctoralresearcherintheschoolandtheleadauthorofthepaper.“Trainingtheappwithalotofdataofinterviews,someofwhicharewithAlzheimer’spatients,wouldoffertheinformationitneedstoselectspeechpatternsthatcouldthenbeappliedtoidentifymarkersinfuturepatients.”Tobuildonthesepromisingresults,theresearchersareplanningtodevelopawebapplicationthatcouldbeusedathomeorinadoctor’sofficeasapre-screeningtool.“Ourproof-of-conceptshowsthatthiscouldbeasimple,accessibleandfullysensitivetoolforcommunity-basedtesting,”Felixsaid.“Thiscouldbeveryusefulforearlyscreeningandriskassessmentbeforeaclinicaldiagnosis.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“queries”inparagraph1mean?A.Solutions. B.Details. C.Comments. D.Questions.13.Whatmightbeusedasasignofdementia?A.Thehearingloss. B.Thespeechbarrier.C.Theincreaseofage. D.Thedifficultyinmoving.14.WhatdoesFelixthinkoftheAImethodforpredictingdementia?A.Promising. B.Confusing. C.Challenging. D.Complex15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAIalgorithmsbehindanapphasdrawnattentionB.SpeechpatternscouldbeappliedtoidentifyAlzheimer’sC.AnAIchatappmayhelpdetectearlysignsofAlzheimer’sD.Amedicalhistoryreviewisinvolvedindiagnosingdementia【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)研究最近證明，人工智能聊天應(yīng)用程序可以從自發(fā)的語(yǔ)音中識(shí)別線索，預(yù)測(cè)癡呆癥的早期階段。【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C12．【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前的“Theartificialintelligencealgorithms(算法)behindtheprogramofanAIchatapp,whichhasdrawnattentionforitsabilitytogeneratehumanlikewrittenresponsestosomeofthemostcreative…(一款人工智能聊天應(yīng)用程序背后的人工智能算法，因能夠生成類似人類的對(duì)一些最具有創(chuàng)造性的……做出書面回應(yīng)而受到關(guān)注)”可知，一種AI人工智能算法能夠生成類似于人類對(duì)最具有創(chuàng)造性的某事做出書面回應(yīng)引起關(guān)注，結(jié)合下文中的“mightonedaybeabletohelpdoctorsdetectAlzheimer’sdiseaseinitsearlystages.(也許有一天它能夠幫助醫(yī)生在早期階段發(fā)現(xiàn)阿爾茨海默病)”可知，如何探測(cè)阿爾茨海默病的早期階段應(yīng)屬于一個(gè)很有創(chuàng)造性的問題，由此可知，該單詞的意思應(yīng)與“問題”相近。故選D項(xiàng)。13．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Becausethelanguagedisabilityisasymptom(癥狀)in60%-80%ofdementiapatients,researchershavebeenfocusingonprogramsthatcanpickuponunobviousclues,suchashesitation,makinggrammarandpronunciationmistakesandforgettingthemeaningofwords,asaquicktestthatcouldindicatewhetherornotapatientshouldhaveafullexamination.(由于語(yǔ)言障礙是60%-80%癡呆癥患者的一個(gè)癥狀，研究人員一直專注于能夠捕捉到不明顯線索的程序，如猶豫、犯語(yǔ)法和發(fā)音錯(cuò)誤以及忘記單詞的意思，作為一種快速測(cè)試，可以指示患者是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行全面檢查)”可知，60%-80%癡呆癥患者的一個(gè)癥狀是語(yǔ)言障礙，所以研究人員認(rèn)為如猶豫、犯語(yǔ)法和發(fā)音錯(cuò)誤以及忘記單詞的意思等可以指示患者是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行全面檢查，由此可知，語(yǔ)言障礙是老年癡呆的一個(gè)征兆。故選B項(xiàng)。14．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的““TheAIsystemicapproachtolanguageanalysisandproductionmakesitapromisingpossibilityforidentifyingtheunobviousspeechcharacteristicsthatmaypredictthebeginningofdementia,”saidFelixAgbavor,adoctoralresearcherintheschoolandtheleadauthorofthepaper.(該論文的第一作者、該學(xué)院的博士研究員FelixAgbavor說(shuō)：“人工智能系統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)言分析和生成方法，使它有可能識(shí)別出可能預(yù)測(cè)癡呆癥開始的不明顯的語(yǔ)言特征?！?”可知，F(xiàn)elixAgbavor博士研究員認(rèn)為，人工智能系統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)言分析和生成方法有可能識(shí)別出預(yù)測(cè)老年癡呆早期不明顯的語(yǔ)言特征，由此可以推斷，F(xiàn)elix認(rèn)為人工智能預(yù)測(cè)癡呆癥的方法是有發(fā)展前景的。故選A項(xiàng)。15．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)尾段中的“ResearchfromDrexelUniversity’sSchoolofBiomedicalEngineering,ScienceandHealthSystemsrecentlyprovedthattheprogramoftheAIchatappcanidentifycluesfromspontaneous(自發(fā)的)speechthatare80%accurateinpredictingtheearlystagesofdementia(癡呆).(德雷塞爾大學(xué)生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程、科學(xué)與衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)學(xué)院的研究最近證明，人工智能聊天應(yīng)用程序的程序可以從自發(fā)的語(yǔ)音中識(shí)別線索，預(yù)測(cè)癡呆癥的早期階段準(zhǔn)確率為80%)”可知，最近的研究證明，人工智能聊天應(yīng)用程序預(yù)測(cè)老年癡呆早起階段的準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到80%，結(jié)合下文中研究人員對(duì)人工智能聊天應(yīng)用程序預(yù)測(cè)老年癡呆早期階段的看法的介紹可知，本文主要介紹的是人工智能聊天應(yīng)用程序預(yù)測(cè)老年癡呆早期階段，所以本文的標(biāo)題為“一款人工智能聊天應(yīng)用程序可能有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)阿爾茨海默氏癥的早期跡象”，概括本文主題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Tighteningyourbelttobeatthecostoflivingdoesn’thavetomeancuttingoutallentertainment.Usethesetrickstogetcheaptheatretickets,TVandmore.Decidewhatyou’llseeontheday.Ifyou’reflexibleaboutwhichshowsyousee,andarewillingtomissoutonthemostin-demandproductions,thenagreatwaytosaveatthetheatreistogoforreduced“standby”tickets.___16___.Quantitiescanvaryfromahandfulthathavebeendeliberatelyheldback,throughtoallavailabletickets.Beaseatfiller.Asimilarwaytosaveonplays,butalsocomedyshows,gigsandoccasionallysportingevents,istobeaseatfiller.___17___.Sothere’smoreofanatmosphereforpayingaudiencemembers,orperhapsspreadthewordofmouthifyouenjoyedit.However,thebigruleisthatyoudon’ttellanyonewhereyougotyourticketorhowmuchyoupaid.___18___.Forthebudgetconsciousreader,librarieswillbeessential.Youcanorderbooksthataren’theldlocallyforasmallfee,andgetonwaitlistsforthemostpopulartitles.Checkyourlocallibrarytoseewhatextrasareonoffer.Becomeamember.Membershipscanbeahugewasteofmoneyifyoudon’tusethem.Butsigningupforunlimitedentryforayearcanalsobefantasticvalueformoney.___19___.Gomidweek.It’softenthecaseforeventsthatthey’recheaperfromMondaytoWednesdaythanattheweekend.___20___.Notonlymighttheticketsbepricedlower,butyoucangettwoforoneticketsviatheInternetsoyoupayevenless.A.BorrowyourbooksB.Justbesureyou’llgetthemostoutofitC.MakethemostofwhatyoualreadyhaveD.That’sespeciallytrueforcinematicketsE.ThesearegenerallymadeavailableonthedayF.MostpeoplechoosetowatchmoviesonweekendsG.Theideaisthatyou’llfilloutthecrowdifthey’reabitthin【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了一些可以讓人們?cè)诓挥绊懮钯|(zhì)量的前提下節(jié)省生活成本的方法?！敬鸢浮?6.E17.G18.A19.B20.D16．【解析】根據(jù)前文“Ifyou’reflexibleaboutwhichshowsyousee,andarewillingtomissoutonthemostin-demandproductions,thenagreatwaytosaveatthetheatreistogoforreduced“standby”tickets.(如果你可以靈活選擇看哪場(chǎng)演出，并且愿意錯(cuò)過最熱門的演出，那么在劇院省錢的一個(gè)好方法就是購(gòu)買便宜的“備用”票。)”可知，這里是在講述如何在劇院省錢。E選項(xiàng)“這些通常是在當(dāng)天提供的”符合語(yǔ)境，these指代上文提到的““standby”tickets”。故選E。17．【解析】根據(jù)上文“Asimilarwaytosaveonplays,butalsocomedyshows,gigsandoccasionallysportingevents,istobeaseatfiller.(一個(gè)類似節(jié)省戲劇，喜劇表演，演出和偶爾的體育賽事的方法是做一個(gè)臨時(shí)頂替空缺的人。)”可知，這里是在講述如何成為一個(gè)臨時(shí)頂替空缺的人。G選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)想法是，如果人群不多，你就可以加入他們”符合語(yǔ)境，介紹如何成為一個(gè)臨時(shí)頂替者。故選G。18．【解析】空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Forthebudgetconsciousreader,librarieswillbeessential.Youcanorderbooksthataren’theldlocallyforasmallfee,andgetonwaitlistsforthemostpopulartitles.Checkyourlocallibrarytoseewhatextrasareonoffer.(你可以花一小筆錢訂購(gòu)當(dāng)?shù)貨]有的書，并進(jìn)入最受歡迎書籍的等候名單。去當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館看看有什么額外的書。對(duì)于精打細(xì)算的讀者來(lái)說(shuō)，圖書館是必不可少的。)”可知，本段講述如何在書籍上節(jié)約，A選項(xiàng)“借書”為最佳主題句，總結(jié)本段大意，故選A。19．【解析】根據(jù)段落主題句“Becomeamember.(成為會(huì)員)”和上文“Membershipscanbeahugewasteofmoneyifyoudon’tusethem.Butsigningupforunlimitedentryforayearcanalsobefantasticvalueformoney.(如果你不使用會(huì)員資格，那可能是一種巨大的浪費(fèi)。但是，注冊(cè)一年無(wú)限次入住也是物有所值的。)”可知，這里是在講述要充分利用會(huì)員資格節(jié)約費(fèi)用。B選項(xiàng)“確保你能從中得到最大的收獲”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。20．【解析】上文“It’softenthecaseforeventsthatthey’recheaperfromMondaytoWednesdaythanattheweekend.(通常情況下，周一到周三的活動(dòng)比周末更便宜。)”講述什么時(shí)間更便宜，下文“Notonlymighttheticketsbepricedlower,butyoucangettwoforoneticketsviatheInternetsoyoupayevenless.(不僅票價(jià)可能會(huì)更低，而且你可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)買一送一，所以你花的錢更少。)”講述買票會(huì)便宜，D項(xiàng)“對(duì)于電影票來(lái)說(shuō)尤其如此”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。We’veallhadawrongnumbertextbefore,buthowoftendotheyleadtoyears-longfriendships?ForJamalandWanda,a___21___texthasresultedinsevenyearsofsharedThanksgivingdinners!In2016,the17-year-oldJamalreceivedatext,___22___fromhisgrandma,askingifhewould___23___ittoThanksgivingthatyear.Afterexchangingafew___24___,itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender,Wanda,___25___,wasnothisgrandma.SheinvitedJamaltothe___26___though,andafterJamal___27___theexchangeontheInternet,thepairwentviral.SpendingThanksgivingtogetherhasbecomean___28___thingforJamalandWanda.Theyearof2023will___29___thetradition’seighthanniversary.Theirfriendshiphasgonefromstrengthtostrength,eventhrough____30____likethepassingofWanda’shusband,Lonnie.Wandasaid,“Jamal____31____methatagemadeabsolutelynodifference.WhenJamalcamealong,myhusbandandIandJamalandhisgirlfriend,wewouldgoouteatingdinnerthrough-outtheyeartogetherandwewouldjustlosealltrackof____32____.Onetime,wewereatarestaurantforthreeorfourhoursandIcouldn’t____33____weweretherethatlong.Wekepttalking!Itwasjustsucha____34____conversation.”Thankstothewrongnumbertext,thetwohavedevelopedadeepfriendship.Thepairhaveevengoneinto____35____together,launchingawatercompany.21.A.suitable B.mistaken C.strange D.tricky22.A.supposedly B.admittedly C.hurriedly D.decidedly23.A.take B.have C.make D.get24.A.objects B.options C.journals D.texts25.A.infact B.afterall C.atonce D.ontime26.A.wedding B.dinner C.dance D.concert27.A.broke B.found C.left D.shared28.A.annual B.easy C.occasional D.obvious29.A.place B.view C.mark D.receive30.A.events B.festivals C.celebrations D.elements31.A.offered B.taught C.advised D.promised32.A.goals B.food C.projects D.time33.A.believe B.claim C.prove D.mention34.A.stable B.brave C.wonderful D.modest35.A.amusement B.business C.education D.politics【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是一條錯(cuò)誤的短信息讓兩個(gè)人建立了友誼并一直持續(xù)下去的故事?！敬鸢浮?1.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B21．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于Jamal和Wanda來(lái)說(shuō)，一條錯(cuò)誤的短信導(dǎo)致了七年的感恩節(jié)晚餐！A.suitable適合的；B.mistaken錯(cuò)誤的，被誤解的；C.strange奇怪的；D.tricky難對(duì)付的。根據(jù)上文中的“We’veallhadawrongnumbertextbefore,buthowoftendotheyleadtoyears-longfriendships?”可知，此處指的是“錯(cuò)誤的”短信，wrong與mistaken意義相近。故選B項(xiàng)。22．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，17歲的Jamal收到了一條短信，據(jù)說(shuō)是他奶奶發(fā)來(lái)的，問他當(dāng)年能不能過感恩節(jié)。A.supposedly據(jù)說(shuō)；B.admittedly誠(chéng)然；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.decidedly果斷地。根據(jù)下文中的“Afterexchangingafew______,itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender,Wanda,______,wasnothisgrandma.”可知，在互發(fā)幾條信息后，發(fā)現(xiàn)不是他的奶奶，由此可知，此處應(yīng)為“據(jù)說(shuō)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。23．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，17歲的Jamal收到了一條短信，據(jù)說(shuō)是他奶奶發(fā)來(lái)的，問他當(dāng)年能不能參加感恩節(jié)活動(dòng)。A.take帶走；B.have有；C.make使，讓；D.get得到。根據(jù)下文中的“SheinvitedJamaltothe______though”可知，她還邀請(qǐng)Jamal過感恩節(jié)，由此可知，此處指的是“參加”感恩節(jié)活動(dòng)，makeit意為“出席或參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。24．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在互發(fā)了幾條短信后，很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)短信的發(fā)送者Wanda實(shí)際上并不是他的奶奶。A.objects客觀事物；B.options選擇；C.journals雜志；D.texts文本。根據(jù)下文中的“itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender”可知，此處指的是互發(fā)幾條“短信”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。25．【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在交換了幾條短信后，很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)短信的發(fā)送者Wanda實(shí)際上并不是他的奶奶。A.infact事實(shí)上；B.afterall畢竟；C.atonce立刻；D.ontime按時(shí)。根據(jù)上文中的“itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender”以及下文中的“wasnothisgrandma.”可知，很顯然發(fā)短信的不是他的奶奶，所以此處應(yīng)為“事實(shí)上”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。26．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她邀請(qǐng)Jamal參加晚宴，Jamal在網(wǎng)上分享了這段對(duì)話后，這兩人迅速走紅。A.wedding婚禮；B.dinner晚餐；C.dance舞蹈；D.concert音樂會(huì)。根據(jù)上文中的“askingifhewould_____ittoThanksgivingthatyear.”以及下文中的“WhenJamalcamealong,myhusbandandIandJamalandhisgirlfriend,wewouldgoouteatingdinnerthrough-outtheyeartogether”可知，在首次發(fā)短信邀請(qǐng)Jamal一起過感恩節(jié)到后來(lái)每年經(jīng)常一起外出吃晚餐，由此可知，此處指的是邀請(qǐng)他一起吃“晚餐”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。27．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她邀請(qǐng)Jamal參加晚宴，Jamal在網(wǎng)上分享了這段對(duì)話后，這對(duì)情侶迅速走紅。A.broke打破；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.left離開；D.shared分享。根據(jù)下文中的“theexchangeontheInternet,thepairwentviral.”可知，這兩人在網(wǎng)上火了，由此可推斷，此處指的是Jamal把這段對(duì)話在網(wǎng)上“分享”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。28．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一起過感恩節(jié)已經(jīng)成為Jamal和Wanda每年的要做的事情。A.annual每年的；B.easy容易的；C.occasional偶然的；D.obvious顯而易見的。根據(jù)下文中的“Theyearof2023will_____thetradition’seighthanniversary.”可知，2023年將是他們一起過感恩節(jié)的第八周年了，由此可知，此處應(yīng)為“每年的”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。29．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2023年將是這一傳統(tǒng)的八周年紀(jì)念。A.place放置；B.view看；C.mark紀(jì)念，慶賀；D.receive收到。根據(jù)上文中的“SpendingThanksgivingtogetherhasbecomean_____thingforJamalandWanda.”可知，在一起過感恩節(jié)是他們兩個(gè)人每年要做的事情，由此可知，2023年將是他們“慶賀”這一傳統(tǒng)八周年的一年。故選C項(xiàng)。30．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們的友誼越來(lái)越牢固，即使經(jīng)歷了像Wanda的丈夫Lonnie去世這樣的事件。A.events重大活動(dòng)；B.festivals節(jié)日；C.celebrations慶祝；D.elements要素。根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)ikethepassingofWanda’shusband,Lonnie.”可知，Wanda的丈夫去世應(yīng)是“重大事件”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。31．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Jamal告訴我，年齡絕對(duì)沒有影響。A.offered提供；B.taught教；C.advised建議；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)下文中的“WhenJamalcamealong,myhusbandandIandJamalandhisgirlfriend,wewouldgoouteatingdinnerthrough-outtheyeartogether…”可知，Jamal與他的女朋友和Wanda與她的丈夫經(jīng)常一起出去聚餐，由此可知，Wanda學(xué)會(huì)了年齡沒有影響，所以此處為Jamal“教”給她年齡沒什么影響。故選B項(xiàng)。32．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Jamal出生后，我丈夫和我，還有Jamal和他的女朋友，我們一整年都在一起出去吃晚飯，我們完全忘記了時(shí)間。A.goals目標(biāo)；B.food食物；C.projects工程；D.time時(shí)間。根據(jù)下文中的“Onetime,wewereatarestaurantforthreeorfourhoursandIcouldn’t______weweretherethatlong.”可知，Jamal與Wanda他們?cè)谝黄鸪鋈コ燥?，有一次在一家餐館待了3、4個(gè)小時(shí)，由此可知，此處指的是他們都忘記了“時(shí)間”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。33．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，我們?cè)谝患也宛^待了三四個(gè)小時(shí)，我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信我們?cè)谀抢?/p>