中考英語語法重要考點歸納與靈活應用啟迪

中考英語語法重要考點歸納與靈活應用啟迪匯報人：XX2024-02-06目錄contents目錄冠詞與名詞動詞及時態(tài)語態(tài)形容詞和副詞比較等級介詞和連詞目錄contents句子種類及結構RulesfordirectandindirectspeechconversionClozeansweringskillsReadingcomprehensionstrategysharing01目錄人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞的用法與區(qū)別疑問代詞、不定代詞的特殊用法it,one,that,those的指代功能及區(qū)別代詞考點03非謂語動詞動名詞、不定式、分詞的用法與區(qū)別01動詞時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進行時、過去進行時、將來時等02動詞語態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構成及用法動詞考點形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級形容詞與副詞在句子中的位置及功能常見形容詞、副詞的辨析形容詞與副詞考點常用介詞的固定搭配及用法介詞與其他詞類的搭配及用法介詞在句子中的位置及功能介詞考點名詞性從句主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句定語性從句定語從句的構成及用法狀語性從句狀語從句的種類及用法從句考點強調句的構成及用法Itis/was...that/who...結構特殊句型的辨析與應用therebe句型、it句型等倒裝句的種類及用法部分倒裝與完全倒裝倒裝句與強調句考點02冠詞與名詞特指某人或某物、上文提到的人或物、世界上獨一無二的事物等。定冠詞"the"的用法泛指一類人或物、第一次提到的人或物、表示數(shù)量“一”等。不定冠詞"a/an"的用法表示抽象概括意義、物質名詞和復數(shù)名詞表示類別、節(jié)日和星期等。零冠詞（不使用冠詞）的情況元音字母前使用"an"而非"a"；不可數(shù)名詞前誤用冠詞等。易錯點冠詞基本用法及易錯點

名詞數(shù)與格變化規(guī)律名詞復數(shù)形式一般情況下加"-s/-es"，以"-s/-x/-ch/-sh"結尾的加"-es"，部分以"-o"結尾的加"-es"或"-s"等。名詞所有格表示有生命的東西時，用"'s"或"of"表示所屬關系；表示無生命的東西時，一般用"of"表示所屬關系。易錯點不規(guī)則復數(shù)形式、所有格中"’s"和"s’"的區(qū)別等。根據(jù)語境選擇冠詞01根據(jù)名詞所指代的對象是特指還是泛指、是第一次提及還是再次提及等來選擇使用定冠詞還是不定冠詞。注意名詞前形容詞的影響02有些形容詞前習慣上不帶冠詞，如"unique"、"perfect"等；有些形容詞前則需要帶冠詞，如"acommonmistake"、"theonlysolution"等。冠詞與專有名詞的搭配03地名、國名等專有名詞前一般不加冠詞，但表示特指時可以加定冠詞。冠詞與名詞搭配技巧通過具體例題講解冠詞與名詞的搭配技巧、易錯點等，幫助學生理解和掌握相關知識點。例題解析提供適量的練習題供學生練習，鞏固所學知識點，提高應用能力和解題技巧。練習題典型例題解析與練習03動詞及時態(tài)語態(tài)實義動詞、系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞動詞分類動詞基本形式動詞形式轉換規(guī)則原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞規(guī)則動詞與不規(guī)則動詞的變化規(guī)則030201動詞分類及基本形式轉換表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的時間和方式時態(tài)概念不同時態(tài)的謂語結構形式時態(tài)結構各時態(tài)的典型用法和常見考點時態(tài)用法時態(tài)概念、結構和用法總結主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別語態(tài)概念be動詞+過去分詞被動語態(tài)構成不同時態(tài)下的被動語態(tài)形式及用法被動語態(tài)應用語態(tài)（被動語態(tài)）構成和應用精選中考英語語法典型例題，詳細解析解題思路和方法提供大量針對性練習題，幫助鞏固所學知識點和提高解題能力典型例題解析與練習練習題例題解析04形容詞和副詞比較等級請輸入您的內容形容詞和副詞比較等級05介詞和連詞常見搭配誤區(qū)如誤用介詞導致語義混淆，忽視介詞固定搭配等。介詞與其他詞類搭配介詞常與動詞、形容詞、名詞等搭配使用，需注意其搭配的正確性。介詞分類根據(jù)意義和作用，介詞可分為時間介詞、地點介詞、方式介詞等。介詞分類及常見搭配誤區(qū)根據(jù)連接的對象和語義關系，連詞可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。連詞種類連詞在句子中起連接作用，可以連接詞、短語、分句或句子。連接功能根據(jù)語境和邏輯關系選擇合適的連詞，使句子更加連貫和流暢。連詞的選擇與運用連詞種類及其連接功能介詞通常位于名詞或代詞之前，構成介詞短語修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞等。介詞位置判斷連詞通常位于被連接的兩個成分之間，起連接作用。連詞位置判斷在判斷介詞和連詞位置時，需結合語境和語法規(guī)則進行綜合考慮。注意事項介詞和連詞在句子中位置判斷技巧練習題提供適量的練習題，供學生進行鞏固和提高。例題解析通過解析典型例題，幫助學生理解和掌握介詞和連詞的用法和考點。解題技巧在解題過程中，需注意分析句子結構、理解語境、運用語法規(guī)則等技巧。典型例題解析與練習06句子種類及結構陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句特點陳述句（DeclarativeSent…陳述事實或觀點，語序正常，句末用句號。疑問句（InterrogativeSe…提出問題，語序可能倒裝，句末用問號。祈使句（ImperativeSente…表達請求、命令或建議，主語常省略，動詞原形開頭，句末用感嘆號或句號。感嘆句（ExclamatorySent…表達強烈情感，常用感嘆詞開頭，句末用感嘆號。0102SV（主語+謂語）基本句型，表達完整意思。SVP（主語+謂語+表…用于描述主語狀態(tài)或特征。SVO（主語+謂語+賓…用于描述主語動作及對象。SVOC（主語+謂語+…用于進一步說明賓語狀態(tài)或特征。SVOO（主語+謂語+…用于描述主語給予或接受的動作及對象。030405AnalysisoftheFiveBasicSentencePatternsinSimpleSentences由并列連詞連接兩個或多個簡單句，表達相關但獨立的意思。并列句（CompoundSentences）由一個主句和一個或多個從句構成，從句作為主句的一個成分，表達更復雜的邏輯關系。復合句（ComplexSentences）Methodsforidentifyingcompoundsentencesandcomplexsentences分析典型例題中的句子結構，識別句子種類及基本句型。通過練習加強理解和應用，提高語法運用能力和解題技巧。注意總結歸納常見考點和易錯點，以便更好地掌握中考英語語法知識。AnalysisandPracticeofTypicalExampleQuestions07RulesfordirectandindirectspeechconversionIdentifythereportedspeechDeterminetheexactwordsofthespeakerthatneedtobeconvertedintoindirectspeech.Adjusttheverbtenseofthereportedspeechtomatchthetenseofthereportingverb.Replacefirstandsecondpersonpronounswiththirdpersonpronounsasnecessary.Modifyanyadverbsorprepositionsthatrefertotimeorplacetoreflectthechangefromdirecttoindirectspeech.ChangetheverbtenseShiftpersonalpronounsAdjustadverbsandprepositionsStepstoconvertdirectspeechintoindirectspeechPersonchangesFirstpersonsingular/pluralchangestothirdpersonsingular/plural,secondpersonchangestofirstorthirdpersondependingonthecontext.TensechangesGenerally,thetenseofthereportedspeechisshiftedonetenseback(e.g.,presenttopast)toreflectthetimedifferencebetweentheoriginalspeechandthereportingofthatspeech.Changerulesforperson,tense,demonstrativepronouns,etc"This"and"these"typicallychangeto"that"and"those"inindirectspeech.DemonstrativepronounsOthercommonchangesincludethereplacementofhere/therewithappropriateprepositionalphrasesandtheadditionoftheverb"tosay"or"totell"beforetheindirectspeech.OtherchangesChangerulesforperson,tense,demonstrativepronouns,etcQuestionwordorder:Maintainthequestionwordorderwhenconvertinginterrogativesentencestoindirectspeech.Thequestionword(who,what,when,where,why,how)becomesthesubjectorobjectofthereportingverb.MethodsforhandlingspecialinterrogativesentencesasindirectquotationsUseofwhether/if:Introduceindirectquestionswith"whether"or"if"dependingonthecontextandtheverbusedinthemainclause.MethodsforhandlingspecialinterrogativesentencesasindirectquotationsTenseandpronounchangesApplytheusualtenseandpronounchangesasdescribedabove.ReportingverbsUseappropriatereportingverbssuchas"ask,""wonder,""inquire,"etc.,dependingonthecontext.MethodsforhandlingspecialinterrogativesentencesasindirectquotationsUnderstandingquestiontypes:Identifythedifferenttypesofquestions(yes/noquestions,wh-questions,choicequestions)andunderstandhowtheyaretypicallyconvertedintoindirectspeech.Analyzingexamplesentences:Examinesamplesentencesthatdemonstratetheconversionofdirectspeechintoindirectspeech,payingattentiontothechangesintense,pronouns,andwordorder.Practicingconversions:Practiceconvertingdirectspeechintoindirectspeechusingavarietyofexamplesentences.Focusonmasteringtherulesfortense,pronoun,andwordorderchanges.Solvingexercises:Solveexercisesthattestyourabilitytoaccuratelyconvertdirectspeechintoindirectspeech.Reviewanymistakesyoumakeandidentifyareaswhereyouneedfurtherpractice.AnalysisandPracticeofTypicalExampleQuestions08Clozeansweringskills010204ContextuallogicalrelationshipjudgmentUnderstandingtheoverallstructureandlogicofthepassageIdentifyingtherelationshipsbetweensentencesandparagraphsRecognizingcommonlogicalconnectorsandtransitionwordsUsingcontextcluestoinfermissinginformation03Distinguishingbetweensynonyms,antonyms,andhomonymsRecognizingandunderstandingidiomaticexpressionsandfixedcollocationsUsingwordformationknowledgetoidentifyunknownwordsApplyingvocabularyknowledgetoselectthemostappropriatewordorphrase01020304VocabularydiscriminationandfixedcollocationapplicationUnderstandingtheculturalandhistoricalcontextofthepassageAppreciatingtheinfluenceofcultureonlanguageuseandexpressionRecognizingculturalreferencesandallusionsUsingculturalknowledgetoaidinunderstandingandcompletingtheclozetestTheinfluenceofculturalbackgroundknowledgeonclozetestsAnalyzingthequestiontypesandformatscommonlyfoundinclozetestsPracticingwithsamplequestionsandpassagestoimproveskillsandconfidenceIdentifyingkeywordsandphrasesinthequestionsandpassageReviewingandreflectingonperformancetoidentifyareasforimprovementAnalysisandPracticeofTypicalExampleQuestions09ReadingcomprehensionstrategysharingSkimmingQuicklyscanthetexttogetageneralideaofthecontentandstructure.LookingfortopicsentencesIdentifythemainideaofeachparagraphbyfindingthetopicsentence,usuallylocatedatthebeginningorend.UnderstandingthegenreRecognizethetypeoftext(narrative,argumentative,expository,etc.)tobetterunderstandtheauthor'spurposeandapproach.QuicklybrowsetheentiretextandgraspthecentralideaReadingthequestionstemPayattentiontothekeywordsandphrasesinthequestiontodeterminewhatinformationyouneedtofindinthetext.Scanthetextforspecificdetailsthatdirectlyanswerthequestion,suchasnames,dates,orfacts.Recognizedifferenttypesofquestions(mainidea,details,inference,vocabulary,etc.)toknowwhatkindofinformationyouarelookingfor.LocatingspecificdetailsUnderstandingquestiontypesCarefullyreadthequestionandlocatethekeyinformation要點三MakinginferencesUseyourunderstandingofthetextandbackgroundknowledgetodrawconclusionsormakeinferencesabouttheinformationnotdirectlystatedinthetext.要點一要點二Analyzingtheauthor'sattitude