高考名詞和代詞語法填空及改錯(cuò)

高三名詞與代詞語法填空及改錯(cuò)Womenlivelongerthanmeninmostcountry.Myneighborisaeighty-years-oldwoman.Heisafriendofmybrother.ThechildrenspendalotoftimeswatchingTV.Heisagenerousfellow,andwillsoonmakefriendwithyouagain.countriesyearbrother’stimefriends返回目錄知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥專有名詞ChinaMary普通名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞water抽象名詞success個(gè)體名詞bookdesk集體名詞familypolice名詞一、名詞的數(shù)：名詞有可數(shù)和不可數(shù)之分1．可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么變化(1)一般情況:詞尾加-s(2)bus,box,watch,brush以-s,-x,-ch,-sh結(jié)尾的名詞：詞尾加-es(3)baby,city,country以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞：詞尾變y為i，再加-es以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞：詞尾直接加-sboy,monkey(buses,boxes,watches,brushes)(babies,cities,countries)(boys,monkeys)(4)以o結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí)，常在詞尾加-s，但是以下名詞要加-es，它們是：黑人英雄愛吃土豆西紅柿，即：negroes，heroes，potatoes，tomatoes。(5)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí)，一般直接加-s，特殊詞要把-f或-fe改為v加-es，它們是：〔為了活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿著刀子和一片樹葉躲在架子后〕即：life-lives，thief-thieves，wife-wives，knife-knives，leaf-leaves，shelf-shelves2、可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)那么變化2.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)那么變化：〔1〕單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同：asheep-twosheep,adeer-twodeer,fish,series(系列),means(方法),species(種類)(fish表示種類時(shí)可以加es)(2)口訣：男人女人a變e，鵝足牙oo變eeman-men，woman-women，goose-geese，foot-feet，tooth-teeth，mouse-mice(3)詞尾加-ren/en變復(fù)數(shù):child-childrenox-oxen公牛(4)形式為復(fù)數(shù)，但用作單數(shù)名詞news,physics,politics〔5〕表示某國人：中日永不變:aChinese-twoChinese,aJapanese-threeJapanese英法同盟man改men:Englishman-Englishmen,Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen其余都把s添:American-Americans,German-Germans(6)合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式:①.在主體名詞后面加-s

passer-by——passers-by過路人son-in-law——sons-in-law女婿

②.沒有主體名詞時(shí)，在最后一詞詞尾加-sgrown-up——grown-ups

③.由man和woman構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞，把里面的名詞全變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)：womandoctor——womendoctors(7)只用復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞：trousers〔褲子〕，glasses〔眼鏡)，shoes，clothes，goods(貨物，商品)，Exercise:______aremadeof______.Aglass,aglassGlasses,glassTheglass,theglassGlasses,glasses2.不可數(shù)名詞：不能和a,an連用高考?？嫉牟豢蓴?shù)名詞主要有：advice建議,information信息,progress進(jìn)步,weather天氣,bread面包,fun樂趣,news消息,clothing衣服,knowledge知識(shí),equipment設(shè)備furniture家具,baggage行李,luggage行李不可數(shù)名詞表示“量“”時(shí)：e.g.apieceoffurniture一件家具apieceofinformation一那么信息apieceofadvice一個(gè)建議………復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)

只把復(fù)合名詞中的主體各詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：sister(s)-in-law嫂子，弟妹；step-son(s)繼子；editor(s)-in-chief總編輯newcomer(s)移民passer(s)-by過路人如沒有主體名詞那么在最后一個(gè)詞的后面加“s”。如：grown-up(s)成年人，go-between(s)中間人

※抽象名詞具體化:表示某種特性、狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)、情感、情緒的抽象名詞，是不可數(shù)名詞；如果表示具體的人或事，這一抽象名詞可作為可數(shù)名詞。difficulty困難；adifficulty一件難事experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；anexperience一次經(jīng)歷knowledge知識(shí)；agoodknowledge對(duì)…精通/熟知failure失??；afailure一個(gè)失敗者，一件失敗的事success成功；asuccess一位成功者，一件成功的事surprise驚奇；asurprise一件令人吃驚的事honour榮譽(yù)；anhonour一位(件)帶來榮譽(yù)的人或事名詞的所有格：名詞詞末加’s構(gòu)成，表有生命的東西〔人或動(dòng)物〕的名詞所有格，如：Mike’sbag,Children’sDay,mybrother’sroom,women’srights…由介詞of加名詞構(gòu)成，多用于無生命的東西。thecoverofthebook表示有生命的東西的名詞也可以用of，特別是名詞較長(zhǎng)，有較多的定語時(shí)。如：thestoryofDrNormanBethuneDoyouknowthenameoftheboystandingatthegate?

在以下幾種情況下，’s結(jié)構(gòu)也可表示無生命的東西。表時(shí)間。aday’smeeting,fiveweeks’holiday,today’snewspaper.表自然現(xiàn)象。theearth’satmosphere,themoon’srays表國家、城市等地方。theworld’spopulation,China’sindustries表工作群體。theteam’svictory,theship’screw表度量衡及價(jià)值。amile’sjourney,fivedollars’worthofapples雙重所有格表示局部概念，of短語修飾的名詞前通常有表示數(shù)量的a,an,onetwo,some,several,afew,many,any,no等。名詞+of+名詞所有格afriendofmybrother’s2.名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞somefriendsofmineseveralinventionsofEdison’s

UncleJackis____.Myfatherandmother’sfriendmyfather’sandmymother’sfriendafriendofmeafriendofmymother’sandfather’s2.YesterdayIwasinvitedtothedinnerat___.TurnersB.theTurnersC.Turners’D.theTurners’3.____isnotalongwaytowalk.Threemiles’distanceThreemilesdistanceThree-mile-distanceThree-milesdistanceathree-miledistance

返回目錄名詞作定語1.當(dāng)名詞作定語時(shí)，一般用單數(shù)形式。如shoeshopspencilboxesradioprogramsbookmarkstoothpastetrouserpockets但也有例外。asportscaracustomsofficerarmsproductionaclothesshopanaccountsdepartment2.woman/man+n.變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，兩者都變。mendoctorswomenengineers實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練Fatherwenttohisdoctorforadvicesabouthishearttrouble.Yesterdayafternoonhetoldmeabouthisexperienceasayoungman.SincetherestaurantinChinausuallyservesspecialdishofdifferentareas,youcanenjoyvariousChinesefoodswheneveryouare.Hesenthisdaughtertoagirl’shighschool.AuntMaryreturnedhomeaftertenyear’sabsence.adviceexperiencesdishesgirls’years’代詞1.(2015·浙江高考)Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.2．(2015·四川高考)It’sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallycostsmemany.3．(2015·陜西高考)Mysoccercoachretiredlastweak.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.4．(2014·浙江高考)Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingfortheticket，whichwaseventuallyfoundunderaseatseveralrowsfromhisowner.5．(2014·大綱全國高考)Otherwise，itisimpossibleforhimtohelpeachother.it

muchsomethingits/the

them

6.Ijustdevotedmetohugeamountsofpractice，notpayingattentiontorepeatedmistakes.