新教材高中北師大版英語選擇性必修1學案Unit1PartⅣLesson3SoCloseYetSoFar

PartⅣLesson3SoClose,YetSoFar學習目標話題語境人與社會/大學生馬克日常生活現狀課時詞匯associate,barely,distracted,reality,aim,desperate,plain,depressed,delay,appointment,reserved常用短語deadlinefor...,chaseabout,bendone'smindto,endupdoing重點句式1.that引導比較狀語從句2．before引導時間狀語從句的常用句式3．表否定意義的副詞或短語置于句首引起的部分倒裝單詞巧練寫準記牢Ⅰ.核心單詞練習：請根據所給的詞性和詞義寫出單詞1．________________n.約定；約會2．________________vi.&vt.抱怨；不滿；發(fā)牢騷3．________________adj.無禮的4．________________adj.令人驚奇的，異乎尋常的5．________________vi.&vt.彎腰；俯身6．________________vi.&vt.推遲，延期7．________________adj.沮喪的，憂愁的8．________________adj.緊張的，激烈的；劇烈的9．________________adj.拼命的；絕望的10．________________vi.&vt.努力贏得n.追逐，追趕11．________________vi.&vt.主宰，支配，控制12．________________n.現實；真實13．________________adj.心神不定的，精神無法集中的14．________________adv.幾乎不15．________________n.流動vi.流，流動16．________________adv.持續(xù)不斷地Ⅱ.常用單詞練習：根據句意和所給的首字母或中文提示寫出符合句中單詞的正確形式1．Shemadea(n)________(約定)forhersontoseethedoctor.2．Shenever________(抱怨),butshe'sobviouslyexhausted.3．It's________(令人驚奇的)thathemanagedtosleepthroughtheparty.4．Shebecamedeeply________(沮喪的)whenherhusbanddied.5．Hesuddenlyfeltan________(劇烈的)paininhisback.6．Sheclungtotheedgeina________(絕望的)attempttosaveherself.7．Theyseemedtohavetheperfectmarriagebutther________wasverydifferent.8．Gillseemsratherd________atthemoment—Ithinkshe'sworriedaboutherexams.9．EventhoughI'mquitear________person,Ilikemeetingpeople.10．Shewasb________fifteenwhenshewonherfirstchampionship.11．It'sherethattheriverf________downintotheocean.12．TheEnglishlanguageisc________changing.?第一版塊：重點單詞1.associatevi.交往，(尤指)混在一起vt.聯想，聯系n．[C]伙伴，同事adj.副的(用在級別或頭銜前，表示稍有不同或略低的)(教材P14)Ihaveanever-endingflowofmessagesandupdatesfromallthepeopleIassociatewithonline.我不停地收到交往的網友發(fā)來的信息和最新消息。associatewithsb.與某人交往，與某人混在一起associate...with...把……和……聯系/想在一起?Idon'tlikeyouassociatingwiththosepeople.我不喜歡你和那些人混在一起。?Itisveryeasytomemorizedifficultwordsorsentencesifyouassociatethemwithinterestingthings.如果你把難的單詞或句子同一些有趣的事情聯系起來，記住它們就輕而易舉。?HaveyouevermetJohn,oneofmyassociatesinHongKong?你見過約翰嗎？我在香港的一個同事。?MrLinisassociatedirectoroftheInstitute.林先生是該研究所的副主任。歸納拓展：(1)associatedadj.有聯系的；有關聯的beassociatedwith...和……有聯系；和……有關(2)associationn．[C]聯系，聯想；社團，協會；[C，U]聯合，關聯，交往theFootballAssociation足球協會inassociationwith與……聯合[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句寫作①Inchildren'seyes,summerisalwaysassociated________swimming,icecreamandsummerholidays.②HisEnglishimprovedenormouslybecauseofhis________(associate)withBritishpeople.③一談到中國，人們就會聯想到黃河。________________________________________________________________________2.barelyadv.幾乎不(＝hardly)；僅僅；勉強可能(教材P14)I'mbarelytheonlypersonwhofeelsthisway.我不是唯一一個有這種感覺的人。barely常和when連用，譯為“一……就……”，主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時；barely為含有否定意義的副詞，位于句首時，主句要部分倒裝。?Infact,Ibarelysleptthenightbefore.事實上，前一天晚上我?guī)缀鯖]睡。?Ihadbarelystartedspeakingwhenheinterruptedme.＝BarelyhadIstartedspeakingwhenheinterruptedme.我剛開始說話，他就打斷了我。詞語聯想：bare①vt.使暴露，露出；揭開；脫掉(衣服)Bareyourheadwhentheflagisraised.升旗時要脫帽(致敬)。②adj.裸露的；光禿禿的；荒蕪的；無遮蓋的；空的；最基本的Don'twalkaroundoutsideinyourbarefeet.別赤腳在外面到處走。Thetablewasbare,thecandlesunlighted.桌子上什么都沒有，蠟燭也沒點著。Thesearethebareessentialsyou'llneedtodressyourbabyduringthefirstfewmonths.這些是你需要在頭幾個月里給你的孩子穿的基本衣物。[即學即練]單句語法填空/翻譯句子/一句多譯①HervoicewassolowthatIcould________(bare)hearher.②Thattree,________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.③Theroomwevisitedyesterdaywasbareexcept________afewbrokenchairs.④AsIwasnewtothecity,barelyhadIsetfootinthestreet________IrealisedIwaslost.⑤Thedogbareditsteeth.________________________________________________________________________我一到家就開始下雨了。⑥________________________________________________________________________⑦________________________________________________________________________(倒裝)3．distractedadj.注意力分散的，思想不集中的，心煩意亂的(教材P15)IattendpartiesandplaysportsbutI'malwaysdistracted.我參加派對和體育運動，但總是不能專心。(1)distractvt.轉移(注意力)，分散(思想)，使分心distract...(from...)使……(對……)分心distractone'sattention分散某人的注意力(2)distractingadj.令人分心的distractingthoughts令人分心的想法adistractingnoise使人分心的嘈雜聲(3)distractionn.[C，U]分散注意力的事，使人分心的事?Teachersusuallyknockattheblackboardtoreminddistractedstudentsthattheyneedtopayattentioninclass.老師經常敲黑板提醒分心的學生上課要注意聽講。?Gillseemsratherdistractedatthemoment—Ithinkshe'sworriedaboutherexams.吉爾此刻似乎很心煩意亂，我想她是擔心她的考試。?Don'tdistractmyattention.I'mstudying!別分散我的注意力。我正學習呢！?Ifinditveryhardtoworkathomebecausetherearetoomanydistractions.我發(fā)覺在家里工作很難，因為使人分心的事太多。佳句欣賞：Thefilmdistractedmefromtheseproblemsforawhile.這部影片分散了我的注意力，讓我暫時忘記了這些問題。[即學即練]用distract的適當形式填空①Therearecoursesdesignedspecificallyforstudentsaboutdealingwith________andhomesickness.②Forstudents,thereisnothinglikesmartphonesthatgetus________whenwearetryingtoconcentrateonstudy.③Bright,openspaceexposesustonaturallightandimprovesourmoods,whilemessyspaceis________anddestroysourfocus.4.realityn．[U]現實，實際情況；[C]事實，實際經歷，見到的事物(教材P15)Theysaythatphonesbringpeopleclosertogetherbutinreality,mymindisalwaysamillionmilesaway.他們說讓人們聯系更加緊密，但實際上，我的思緒總是飛到十萬八千里之外。(1)virtualreality虛擬現實inreality事實上，實際上escapefromreality逃避現實turnsth.intoreality把……當成現實face/acceptreality面對/接受現實bring...backtoreality將……帶回現實beeareality＝eintoreality變成現實(2)realise/realizev.實現；意識到realise(that)/who/what/how...意識到……?Heseemsveryyoung,butinrealityheisolderthanallofus.他看起來很年輕，但實際上他比我們都年長。?Sherefusestofacereality.她不肯面對現實。?Heescapedfromrealitybygoingtothecinemaeveryafternoon.他每天下午都去電影院看電影，借此來逃避現實。?Iwishthatallyourdreamswouldbeturnedintorealities.我希望你所有的夢想都能變成現實。?Irealisedtherewassomethingstrangeaboutme.我意識到我有點兒不對勁兒。?Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.在你來之前，我從未意識到我住在一個這么美麗的地方。聯想拓展：(1)realadj.真的；真正的，真實的(2)realizevt.&vi.理解，領會，意識到；vt.實現(3)realityn．[U]現實，實際情況；[C]事實(4)reallyadv.事實上，真正地，真實地notreally不完全是(表示不太強烈的否定)(5)realisticadj.現實的，實事求是的unrealisticadj.不現實的構詞知識：以-ise/-ize結尾的動詞后綴：-ize表示“使成……狀態(tài)”，“使……化”等意思，如：realize/realise使真實化/實現；idolize偶像化；modernize(使)現代化；publicize宣傳，使公開化；industrialize工業(yè)化；authorise授權[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Helookedveryconfidentandcalmduringthetest,but________realityhewasextremelynervous.②Inmanycountriestoday,lawsprotectwildlife.InIndia,theneedforsuchprotection________(realise)centuriesago.③Asthehourspassed,peoplebegantorealise________difficultlifewasforthedeaf.④Whenthesnacksandjuicearrived,itdidnottakemelongtorealise________Kathywasnotabletofeedherself.⑤Personallyspeaking,________thegrandblueprint________________(把……變成現實)isalongprocess.⑥However,mostofthethingswefearinourmindsneverreallyseemto______________________________(實現)．5.aimvi.力求達到，力爭做到vt.目的是，旨在；針對，對象是vt.&vi.瞄準，對準n．[C]目標，目的；[U]瞄準(教材P15)Iwillstartdoingmyhomeworkat8pm,andaimtofinishintwohours.我要在晚上8點開始做我的家庭作業(yè)，并且要在兩小時內完成。(1)aimatdoingsth.＝aimtodosth.力求做某事aimat/forsth.力爭得到某物(2)beaimedat(doing)sth.旨在……，目的是……beaimedatsb.針對某人，對象是某人(主語一般是物)(3)aim...at...把……瞄準……(4)achieveone'saim實現某人的目標withtheaimof(＝forthepurposeof)為了……takeaimat瞄準；把目標對準?They'reaimingattrainingeverybodybytheendoftheyear.他們力求做到在年底前人人得到培訓。?Theprojectaimstoeducateandpreparestudentsforachallengingcareer.這個項目力求教育學生并使其為一個具有挑戰(zhàn)性的職業(yè)做好準備。?Weareaimingfora50percentshareofthemarket.我們正在努力爭取(占據)50%的市場份額。?Thevisitwasaimedatdeepeningtherelationsbetweenthetwocountries.這次訪問的目的是加深兩國的關系。?Theprogrammeisaimedatteenagers.這個節(jié)目的對象是青少年。?Iwasaimingatthetreebuthitthecarbymistake.我對準樹射擊，不料誤中了汽車。?Slowlyheraisedhisbowandbegantotakeaimatthetarget.他慢慢舉起弓，開始瞄準靶子。?Shewenttothebigcitywiththeaimoffindingagoodjob.她去大城市是為了找一份好工作。歸納拓展：aimlessadj.沒有方向的，無目標的aimlesslyadv.漫無目的地，毫無目標地Iwaswanderingaimlesslyinthestreet,thinkingaboutnothinginparticular.我正在街上漫無目的地閑逛，沒有想什么特別的事情。提示：pointsth.atsb.＝aimsth.atsb.把某物對準某人①Hepointedhisgunattheenemy.＝Heaimedhisgunattheenemy.他把槍對準敵人。②Don'tpointyourgunatme.It'sdangerous.不要把槍對著我。這很危險。[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thecoach,togetherwithhisplayers,wasinvitedtothepartyheldlastFridaynight,aimedat________(celebrate)theirwininthematch.②Afterthesmarthunterfoundtheaim,hetookaim________itimmediately.③Theprojectwassetup________theaimofhelpingyoungunemployed(失業(yè)的)people.④Weaim________(be)therearoundsix.Thenwecanstartourtriptogether.⑤Theappisaimed________youngpeoplefrom20－30yearsofageandhelpsthemmanagetheirmoneymatters.6.desperateadj.渴望，極想(不用于名詞前)adj.絕望的，孤注一擲的；拼命的，不顧一切的(教材P15)．..butassoonasI'maloneagain,I'mdesperatetogetbacktotheonlineworldandtheintenseactivitythatitprovides.……但是我一旦獨自一人，就會不顧一切地回到網絡世界和網上緊張的活動中。bedesperateforsth.極想要某物bedesperatetodosth.極想做某事?Themanlostinthedesertwasdesperateforwater.那個在沙漠中迷路的男人極想要水。?Johnwasdesperatetogetajobtosupporthislargefamily.約翰渴望得到一份工作來養(yǎng)活一大家人。?Hewasdesperatewhenhelostallhislife-savingmoney.Luckily,akindmanhelpedhimgenerously.當他丟了所有的救命錢時他絕望了。幸運的是，一個善良的男人慷慨地幫助了他。?Doctorswerefightingadesperatebattletosavethelittlegirl'slife.醫(yī)生們不惜一切地奮力搶救小女孩的生命。歸納拓展：(1)desperationn．[U]絕望，拼命，鋌而走險indesperation在絕望中，不顧一切地(2)desperatelyadv.絕望地；不顧一切地，拼命地如：IndesperationIpleadedwiththeattackers.我不顧一切地向攻擊者哀求。AtthattimeIwasdriventodesperation.那時我被逼到絕境。[即學即練]單句語法填空①Hisbusinessfailurelefthimin________(desperate)buthemanagedtogooutoftheshadowthroughyearsofefforts.②Havingwalkedforhalfanhourinsuchhotweather,hewasdesperate________acolddrink.③Wearedesperate________(see)whetherthemethodisworking.④Facedwiththisseriousproblem,hetookadeepbreath,________(desperate)tryingtokeepcalm.7plainvi.&vt.抱怨；不滿；發(fā)牢騷(教材P15)Onafamilyholidaylastsummer,mysisterspentallhertimeplainingthatsheneededtochargeherphone.去年夏天一次全家度假，我妹妹一直抱怨說她的需要充電。plainaboutsth.抱怨某事plaintosb.向某人抱怨plainof...抱怨……；訴說(病情或痛苦)plainthat...抱怨……?Don'tplainaboutyourlife.Youshouldbethankfulforwhateveryouhave.不要抱怨生活。你應該感恩你所擁有的一切。?Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwithourwork,youcanplaintothemanager.如果您對我們的工作不滿意，可以向經理投訴。?Peoplearealwaysplainingoftheconstantlyrisingprices.人們總是在抱怨不斷上漲的物價。詞語聯想：plaintn．抱怨；不滿；投訴makeaplaintabout...投訴……h(huán)aveaplaintagainst/about...對……有怨言Thepupilsmadealistofplaintsabouttheschoolmeals.學生們列舉出了對學?；锸车姆N種不滿。[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thestudentsbeganplaining________howcolditwouldbe.②Thepolicereceivedseveral________(plain)aboutthenoisefromourparty.③Betty________(plain)toStevethatSaranevergaveherachancetotalk.④Ournextdoorneighboursaidhewouldplain________thepoliceifwemadeanymorenoise.8.depressedadj.沮喪的，意志消沉的，抑郁的。用作表語時，表示人的主觀感受。(教材P15)Iconstantlyfeeldepressed,dissatisfiedandalone.我經常感到沮喪、不滿和孤獨。(1)depressvt.使沮喪，使消沉；使不景氣(2)depressionn.[C，U]抑郁，沮喪，消沉；蕭條期，不景氣；抑郁癥(3)depressingadj.令人沮喪的，令人消沉的(常用來形容事物)?Jackfailedtobeadmittedtohisdreamuniversityandfeltquitedepressed.杰克沒有被他夢想的大學錄取，他感到很沮喪。?Takingapositiveattitudeisbetterthanlosinghopeandgettingdepressed.采取積極的態(tài)度總比失去希望和變得沮喪要好。語境串記：Thedepressingnewsdepressedhim,andhewassodepressedthatIcouldn'thelphimoutofdepression.這個令人沮喪的消息使他消沉，他如此抑郁以至于我無法幫他擺脫沮喪。[即學即練]用depress的適當形式填空①Theexpertsbelievethatqualitysleepcouldbeaprotectivemeasureagainst________.②“Theresultwasvery________.Iwasshockedand________atthattime,butatthesametimeitmademecherish(珍視)mysportinglifeevenmore，”thefamoussportsstarsaid.9.delayvi.&vt.延遲，推遲；vt.使遲到，使耽擱(其后一般跟名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式等作賓語)n．[U，C]延期，耽擱；[C]延遲(或耽擱、拖延)的時間(教材P15)SinceIspendsomuchtimesocialisingonline,Ikeepdelayingthingsthatareimportantinmyreallife...我因為花了很多時間上網社交，所以一直在推遲現實生活中重要的事情……delay(doing)sth.推遲(做)某事withoutdelay馬上，立刻adelayof＋表示時間的名詞……的延誤/耽擱?Hedelayedtellingherthenews,waitingfortherightmoment.他沒有馬上把消息告訴她，等適當的時候再說。?Wedecidedtodelayourweddinguntilnextyear.我們決定把婚禮推遲到明年。?KnowingthatIwasintrouble,Tomcametohelpmewithoutdelay.知道我處于困境中，湯姆馬上來幫助我。?Afteradelayofthreehours(＝Afterathree-hourdelay),wecontinuedourjourney.耽擱三個小時后，我們繼續(xù)旅行。佳句欣賞：Theflightwasbadlydelayedbecauseoffog.該航班因霧而長時間延誤。知識小結：后面只跟動名詞不跟不定式的幾個動詞delay;advise;consider;finish;escape;enjoy;miss;suggest;risk;admit;dislike;avoid;imagine;mind;excusesb.for...;practise;permit;appreciate;understand;insiston;lookforwardto;putoff;objectto,getdownto...[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Afteradelay________twohourstheplanefinallytookoff.②Researchshowsthattheolderpeoplebee,thelesslikelytheyaretodelay________(do)theirworkuntilthelastminute.③Ifapersonhasbeenpoisonedbygas,________________________(立即打開門窗)toletfreshairinasquicklyaspossible.10.appointmentn．[C]約定，約會n．[C，U]任命，委任；[C]職位(教材P15)Ican'tevenimaginegoingwithoutsocialnetworkingforaweek—thinkofalltheimportantappointments,invitationsandnewsupdatesyouwouldmiss！我甚至無法想象一周沒有社交網絡的生活——想想你會錯過的所有重要約會、邀請和新聞更新！arrange/have/makeanappointmentwithsb.與某人約會/約定have/makeanappointmenttodo...約定做……byappointment根據(會面的)約定/預約keep/cancelanappointment赴約/取消預約theappointmentas/tobe...作為……的任命?—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee'soffice.早上好，李先生辦公室?！狦oodmorning.I'dliketomakeanappointmentfornextWednesdayafternoon.早上好。我想預約下星期三下午。?Ican'tgowithyou.Ihaveanappointmentwithmydentistthisafternoon.我不能和你一起去，我今天下午和我的牙醫(yī)有約。?Thepropertycanonlybeviewedbyappointment.只有預約方可參觀這處房產。?TheappointmentofJohnas/tobechairmanisagreatjoytohim.約翰被任命為主席，這令他非常高興。?Hewastoldhe'dgottheappointmentyesterdaymorning.昨天上午他被告知得到了那個職位。名師點津：appointment通常指按預約時間進行的約會或約見，而date一般指男女間的約會。歸納拓展：appointvt.任命，委派；確定(時間、地點)appointsb.(as/tobe)＋職務任命某人擔任某職務appointsb.tosth.派某人任某職位appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事appointedtime/place約定的時間/地點appoint...(forsth.)(為某事)確定……[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句改錯①Coulditbepossibletomakeanappointment________MrSmithsometimenextweekend?②We'vemade________appointmentwiththemtomeetatthegateofthemuseum.③I________(appoint)asheadoftheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory(HVO)20yearsago.④IhopeIshallgetateaching________(appoint)atthenewschool.⑤Theyappointedhim________director.⑥Theyappointedhim________(catch)alltherats.⑦Samhasbeenappointedasthemanageroftheengineeringdepartment.________________11.reservedadj.含蓄的；內斂的(教材P15)I'mwaybeyondashyorreservedperson,butI'mwiredupeveryday,likemostofmyfriends.我遠非一個靦腆或含蓄的人，但是我每天都在網上(耗費時間)，我的朋友們大多也是如此。(1)reserven.(動植物)保護區(qū)；儲蓄(量)；儲備(物)vt.預訂；預留；保留reservesth.for...為……留出某物/為……預訂某物(2)reservationn.保留(意見)；(房間、座位等的)預訂withoutreservation毫無保留地?EventhoughI'mquiteareservedperson,Ilikemeetingpeople.我雖然性格極為內斂，但我喜歡和人接觸。?It'sanaturereserve.這是個自然保護區(qū)。?Thevillagehasgrainreservessufficientforthreeyears.這個村的儲備糧夠吃三年。?Aseparateroomisreservedforsmokers.另有一個房間留給吸煙者用。?I'dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto'clock.我想預訂八點鐘供三人用餐的桌位。book,order(1)book做動詞，表示“預訂”，往往用于在電影院、劇院、車站、旅館等處“訂票”“訂座”“訂房間”等。(2)order指定購；向商店定購，定制衣服、飯店定飯等。(3)book和reserve表預訂(座位、席位、房間等)時可以互換使用，但表預留、保留時用reserve。佳句欣賞：Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyandthedisabled.這些座位是留給老人和殘疾人的。[即學即練]單句語法填空/翻譯句子①Thesetablesarereserved________specialguests.②Theysupportthemeasureswithout________(reserve)．③Doyouhavetoreserveticketsinadvance?________________________________________________________________________④Adoubleroomwithabalconyoverlookingtheseahasbeenreservedforme.________________________________________________________________________⑤Wemustreservesomeofthiscornfornextyear'sseed.________________________________________________________________________?第二版塊：重點短語1.deadlinefor...……的最后期限meetthedeadline趕上最后期限；按期完成missthedeadline錯過最后期限setadeadline設定一個最后期限知識聯想：(1)adeadvolcano一座死火山adeadmine一座廢礦adeadlanguage一種不用的語言adeadsilence一片死寂adeadvillage一個廢棄的村莊adeadletter無法投遞的信件(2)deadlyadj.致命的adeadlyweapon致命的武器adeadlyenemy死敵(3)deadlyadv.極度地，非常地Heisdeadlytired.他極度疲勞。Themanisdeadlyill.那人病得非常厲害。[即學即練]完成句子①寄申請書的截止日期是下星期。Nextweekis________________sendinginapplications.②恐怕你已錯過了截止日期，因此你的申請將不在考慮范圍之內。I'mafraidyou've________________，soyourapplicationcannotbeconsidered.③我建議我們設定出一個交計劃的最后期限。Isuggestthatweshould________________handingintheplans.④如果我們無法按期完成，他們就不會給我們另一份合同。Ifwecan't________________，theywon'tgiveusanothercontract.2．chaseabout東奔西跑chaseafter追求(某人)chaseaway趕走，驅逐chase...outof...將……從……趕出去[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thosechildrenarealwayschasing________.②Thedogranoutintothegardenandchasedthebirds________.③Shechasedthechildren________ofthekitchen.④Heneverstoppedtochase________hisdreaminhisenergeticyouth.3.bendone'smindtosth.專心致志于某事bend(sb.)tosth.(迫使某人)屈服，順從bendtosb.'swill順從某人的意志bendsb.toone'swill使某人順從bebendonsth.決心采取(某行動)；一心想做bendoneselftosth.專心致志于……bendover(down)彎腰(俯身)典型例句：(1)Hebenttheironbarasifithadbeenmadeofrubber.他將鐵棍折彎，仿佛那是用橡膠做成的。(2)Theroadbendstotheright.公路向右轉彎。(3)Shetriedtobendherhusbandtoherwishes.她設法使丈夫順從她的愿望。[即學即練]完成句子①他不能專心于學習。Hecouldn't____________________________.②他決心不惜一切去爭取勝利。He____________________________atallcosts.③無論這個國家多么弱小，它絕不會屈服于比它大的強國。Howeverweakthenationmaybe,itwillnever____________________________agreaterpower.4.endupdoing...最終會成為……，最后處于……endin...以……結束，以……告終知識拓展：atanend結束attheendof...在……末；在……盡頭bringsth.toanend使某事結束bytheendof...到……末carrysth.throughtotheend將某事進行到底etoanend結束；告終meetone'send(意外)死亡Thereisnoendtosth.……某事沒完沒了makeendsmeet使收支平衡[即學即練]完成句子①比賽以平局結束。Thegameended________________adraw.②他們的努力以失敗而告終。Theireffortendedin________________(fail)．③如果你繼續(xù)上班遲到，最后會被開除。Ifyoukeepingtoworklate,you'llendup________________.④如果你不努力學習，最后就會做一份你不大喜歡的工作。Ifyoudon'tstudyhard,youwouldendup________________(do)ajobyoudon'tlikemuch.5．imagine(sb.)doingsth.想象(某人)做某事imaginesb./sth.tobe...認為……是……imagine(that)想象……[即學即練]單句語法填空①Sheimagined________(live)bythelake,drawingsomepictureseveryday.②Iimaginedthepark________(be)biggerthanitis.③Imagine________youarelyingonabeachandlisteningtothesoundofthewaves.?第三版塊：典型句式1.“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高含義(教材P14)Buthe'salsoneverfeltmorealone.但他卻也從未感到如此孤獨。該結構的具體用法如下：(1)構成：否定詞＋形容詞或副詞的比較級(＋than)(2)常用的否定詞：nothing,no,not,never,hardly,nobody(3)含義：再沒有比……更……，再……不過了?NothinggivesmemorepleasurethanlisteningtoMozart.再沒有比聽莫扎特的樂曲更讓我愉快的事了。?Inmyopinion,noexperienceismorevaluablethanthatgainedwithone'sownsweat.在我看來，沒有什么經驗比自己用汗水得來的經驗更寶貴。?Jenniealwayskeepstheroomcleanandtidy.Ireallycouldn'tfindabetterroommatethanher.珍妮總是把房間收拾得很整潔。我確實找不到比她更好的室友了。?ThesceneryinMountHuangissplendid!Ihaveneverseenaprettierview.黃山的風景真是太美了！這是我看過的最美麗的景色。歸納拓展：用比較級形式表示最高級含義的其他結構：eq\x(比較級＋than＋)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋可數,名詞單數,anyoftheother＋,可數名詞復數,anyoftheothers,anyone/anythingelse,alltheother＋可數,名詞復數,alltheothers))比其他……都……他比班上其他任何同學都更樂觀。Nooneinhisclassismoreoptimisticthanhim.＝Heismoreoptimisticthananyotherstudentinhisclass.＝Heismoreoptimisticthananyoneelseinhisclass.＝Heismoreoptimisticthanalltheotherstudentsinhisclass.[即學即練]單句寫作/一句多譯①我們決定接受他的建議，因為沒有人能提出更好的解決辦法了。________________________________________________________________________②城里沒有比這座塔更古老的建筑了。________________________________________________________________________這個故事比這本書里的其他故事都有趣。③________________________________________________________________________④________________________________________________________________________⑤________________________________________________________________________2.并列謂語(教材P14)AssoonasIopenmyeyesinthemorning,Icheckthroughallmysocialnetworkingapps,readmyemailsandanswertextmessages.早上一睜開眼，我就會立刻查看我所有的社交網絡應用程序，閱讀電子郵件并回復短信。當主語同時或先后執(zhí)行兩種及以上的動作時，沒有必要多次重復主語，所以形成幾個動詞連用的句式結構，這些動詞均作謂語，而且時態(tài)和數的變化要與主語人稱保持一致，這些連用的動詞稱為并列謂語。特點：幾個謂語動詞時態(tài)一致，會有承前省略現象(后面的動詞可以省去與前面重復的情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或be動詞，或省去不定式符號to等)，并且通常在倒數第一個和倒數第二個動詞之間加連詞(通常是and)。?Hewouldlistentomyheart,holdmywristtofeelmypulse,andtakemytemperature.他會聽我的心跳，抓住我的手腕來感受我的脈搏，并量我的體溫。?Shetookherson,ranoutofthehouse,puthiminthecaranddrovequicklytothenearesthospital.她帶上她的兒子，跑出房子，把他放進車里，然后迅速開車去了最近的醫(yī)院。特別提醒：注意并列謂語和非謂語動詞的含義區(qū)別，比較以下兩個例句：Ilookedinthedirectionofthecryandfoundthatalittleboyhadfallenintotheriver.Irushedoverwithoutdelay,jumpedintothewaterandswamquicklytowardstheboy.我朝哭聲的方向看去，發(fā)現一個小男孩掉進了河里。我毫不遲疑地沖過去，跳入水中，迅速游向那個男孩。Ithasbeeausefulinstrumentofmunication,savingmuchtimeandtravelbyenablingpeopletotalktooneanotherovergreatdistances.它已成為一種有用的溝通工具，使人們能夠隔著很遠的距離彼此交談，從而節(jié)省了許多時間和路程。(saving...為現在分詞短語作結果狀語)[即學即練]單句語法填空①Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,________(live)inasmallapartmentandwonderingwhattodoabouthisfuture.②Shegotup,________(dress)herselfinahurryandthenwentdownstairsforbreakfast.③Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,________(kill)allfourpeopleonboard.④Igotoutofthetaxi,________(pay)thefareandrushedintothestation.⑤Atlast,wearrivedatapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand________(sit)toeatourpicniclunch.⑥Thenewsshockedthepublic,________(lead)togreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.3.(1)“分數/百分數＋of＋名詞”作主語的主謂一致問題(2)than引導比較狀語從句(教材P14)Accordingtoresearch,overtwo-thirdsofyoungpeoplefinditeasiertomakefriendsonlinethanitis“inreallife”．研究顯示，超過三分之二的年輕人認為在網上交朋友比“在現實生活中”交朋友更容易。(1)“分數/百分數＋of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞常與of后的名詞保持數的一致?！皊omeof,plentyof,mostof,therestof,allof,halfof/...＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數形式也由of后面的名詞的單復數決定。(2)than引導比較狀語從句①than用于不同級比較：“形容詞/副詞比較級＋than”或more...than...表示“比……更……”，less...than...表示“不比……更……”。②同級比較：as...as...，notso/as...as...。注意as...as...之間用形容詞或副詞的原級。③其他比較形式的表達“the＋比較級……，the＋比較級……”，意為“越……越……”。?Onefourthoftheaudiencethinkthefilmisworthseeingasecondtime.四分之一的觀眾認為這部影片值得再看一次。?Onethirdofthestudentsinourclassareinfavourofthetriptothemountains.我們班三分之一的學生贊成去山里旅游。?80%ofthefurnitureinthishouseisfromthesamepany.這座房子里80%的家具都來自同一家公司。?Mostofhersparetimeisspentlearningcooking.她大部分的空閑時間都花在學習烹飪上了。?Someoftheguestshaveleftandtherestofthemarestayingherefornight.一些客人走了，剩下的將在這里過夜。?Contrastmaymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhenseenalone.對比可以使事物看起來比其單獨看起來更美。?HehasgotnolesspresentsthanIdidlasttime.他收到的禮品不比我上次收到的少。(noless...than不亞于，至少和……一樣)?Hedoesn'tearnasmuchasIdo.他掙的錢不如我多。?Themoreyoustudy,themoreknowledgeyoucanget.你學得越多，你的知識就越豐富。特別提醒：分數的表達法：分子在前，分母在后；分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞。分子大于1時，分母用復數形式。如onefourth四分之一，twothirds三分之二，twoandthreefifths二又五分之三。百分數表達法：百分數內的數目用數字，后接percent或percent，在專業(yè)統計資料或表格內常用%代替percent，在句首時則用英語單詞書寫。如40%?40percent?fortypercent百分之四十6．5%?6.5percent?sixpointfivepercent百分之六點五主謂一致提醒：population,family,class,group之類集體名詞與分數。百分數連用作句子主語時，其謂語的單復數，根據上下意義來確定。①33%ofthepopulationofChinaliveinthecity.中國人口的百分之三十三生活在城市。②Thepopulationinthesevillageshastogetitswaterfromwells.這些村莊里的居民不得不從井里取水。③Halfoftheclassarewomen.這個班的一半是女子。④ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofJapan.中國人口比日本多。[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句寫作①Two________(five)ofthelandinthatcountry________coveredwithtreesandgrassnow.②It'sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountries________(be)usingemojisatwork.③Thegrowingofaplantisinfluencedbyalotoffactors,mostofwhich________beyondourcontrol.④Morethan80percentoftheyoungpeopleinthisvillage________(go)tobigcitiestofindajobsofar.⑤Hedoesn'trun________fast________Jackdoes.⑥Jamesenjoysthetheatremore________Susandoes.⑦你看上去比實際要年輕。________________________________________________________________________⑧那件事情不像聽起來那么簡單。________________________________________________________________________⑨他解釋得越多我越困惑。________________________________________________________________________4.before引導時間狀語從句(教材P15)BeforeIknowit,it's9.30pmandIstillhaven'tmovedaninchfromthesofa.不知不覺已經是晚上9：30了，我還在沙發(fā)上坐著一動沒動。before引導時間狀語從句的常用句式：before引導時間狀語從句時，一般譯為“在……之前”，beforesb.know/knows/knewit通常譯為“轉眼之間；不知不覺”。其他常用句式有：(1)“Itwillbe/was＋一段時間＋before從句”意為“要過多久才……/過了多久才……”。(2)“Itwon'tbe/wasn't＋一段時間＋before從句”表示“過不了多久就……/沒過多久就……”。?Itwillbethreeweeksbeforewegraduatefromhighschool.還有三周我們就高中畢業(yè)了。?Itwon'tbelongbeforewewitnessmoreprogressintechnicalfield.過不了多久我們就能見證技術領域的更多進步。用法拓展：before有時表示“在……之前”，“還沒來得及……就……”之意，如：TheboyhaddisappearedbeforeIcouldsay“thanks”．我還未來得及說聲“謝謝”，那男孩就不見了。AllthebirdsflewawaybeforeIstartedtofire.我還沒開槍，所有的鳥都飛光了。[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句寫作①Itwillnotbelong________youregretwhatyouhavedonebefore.②Isawherafewdays________shedied.③在我們不知不覺間已經過去一個小時了。________________________________________________________________________④過不了多久媽媽就要從國外回來了，這讓全家人都很高興。________________________________________________________________________5.表否定意義的副詞或短語置于句首引起的部分倒裝(教材P15)．..notoncedidsheliftherheadtoenjoytheviewoutsideherwindow.……她一次也沒有抬起頭來欣賞窗外的景色。表否定意義的副詞或短語置于句首，句子要部分倒裝。常見的該類副詞或短語有never,seldom,hardly,rarely,barely,scarcely,little,neither,nor,not,nowhere,innocase,undernocircumstances,innoway,bynomeans,atnotime,onnocondition等。?NeverbeforehaveIseensuchamovingfilm.我從未看過這么感人的電影。?HardlydoIthinkitpossibletofinishthejobbeforedark.我認為天黑之前基本不可能完成這項工作。?SeldomhaveIreadsuchafunnystory.我很少讀到這么有趣的故事。?Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,nordoesJohn.瑪麗在晚上從不讀書，約翰也如此。?InnocasewillChinafirstusenuclearweapons.在任何情況下，中國都絕不會首先使用核武器。?Notuntilrecentlydidtheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.直到最近他們才在農村地區(qū)鼓勵開展旅游相關活動。全部否定與部分否定(1)all,both,every,each,either等不定代詞與否定副詞not構成部分否定如：NotallofuslikestudyingEnglish.＝Allofusdon'tlikestudyingEnglish.并非我們都愛學英語。NotbothofJohnandMaryworkveryhard.＝BothJohnandMarydon'tworkveryhard.并非約翰和瑪麗兩人都刻苦學習。(2)none,neither通常構成全部否定。如：Noneofthemlike(s)English.他們都不喜歡學英語。Neitherofuswork(s)hard.我們兩人都不刻苦。[即學即練]同義句轉換/選擇題/將下列句子改為倒裝句①Icaredlittleaboutwhatothersthink.→Little________I________aboutwhatothersthink.②Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedtogether.→Never________I________thedayswhenwestayedtogether.③Hedidn'tt