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1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

2語(yǔ)法特征情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,在英文中主要用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的看法、態(tài)度等。從用法上來(lái)說(shuō),它有這樣幾個(gè)特點(diǎn):1〕各個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞自身都有一定的詞義。2〕不能在句中獨(dú)立擔(dān)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ),也沒(méi)有非謂語(yǔ)形式。3〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在句中不受任何人稱(chēng),數(shù)變化的影響。4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接的不定式〔除ought外〕都不帶to,即接動(dòng)詞原形。英文中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有:can,could;may,might;must;ought;need;dare,dared,另外,shall,will,should,would在一定的場(chǎng)合也可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

3二情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法1can的用法1表能力(1〕cancould表示能力;beableto可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。如:They___________tellyouthenewssoon.A.willbeabletoBcanCcould

Theboy__________playthepianoverywellwhenhewasseven.A.willbeabletoBcanCcould

4(2)was\wereableto和could在表示能力時(shí)可以替換;當(dāng)表示成功地做了某事時(shí),只能用was/wereableto,相當(dāng)于manageto或succeededin.不能用could。HewasabletofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.=__________________________________________注意:在否認(rèn)句中,兩者可以互換。如:----Iwonderwhyshehasn’tturnedupyet.----Perhapsshe______________getawayfromherwork.Awasn’tabletoBcouldn’tCcan’tDisabletoHesucceededinfleeingEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.

52表示許可,允許,在疑問(wèn)句中表示請(qǐng)求許可,在否認(rèn)句中表示不許。此時(shí)代替更為正式的May.------____________Icomein?AMayBCanYou______smokeinnon-smokingsectionsinpublicplaces,butyoucaninsmoking-sections.Theteachersaidthatwe_________playfootballontheplayground.注意:could在表示提出請(qǐng)求時(shí)和推測(cè)時(shí),不表示時(shí)態(tài)。---CouldIhavethetelevisionon?---Yes,you________.----No,you________.〔注意在答復(fù)中不可用could〕can’tcouldn’tcancan’t

63表示推測(cè)或疑心,強(qiáng)周客觀可能性“可能,會(huì)”多用于疑問(wèn)句和否認(rèn)句中,表示推測(cè)時(shí)可用現(xiàn)在時(shí),進(jìn)行時(shí),完成時(shí)。句子翻譯:他會(huì)是誰(shuí)呢?________________________________________他不可能正在等你。___________________________________他不可能已單獨(dú)去那里了。___________________________________Whocanhebe?Hecan’tbewaitingforyou.Hecan’thavegonetherealong.

72Mayandmight的用法1〕表示允許或請(qǐng)求;口語(yǔ)中常可與can替換。如:你現(xiàn)在可以走了。__________________________表示沒(méi)有把握的推測(cè);”或許,可能”表示一件事情或許會(huì)發(fā)生,只用在陳述句中。如:他可能來(lái),但我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)。______________________________________注意:might表示推測(cè)時(shí),不表示時(shí)態(tài)。只是可能性比may小。Hemightbeathome.Youmaygonow.Hemaycome,butIdon’tthinkhewill.

83)may放在句首,表示祝愿。愿上帝保佑你!_______________________4〕成語(yǔ):may/mightaswell,后面接不帶to的不定式,意為"不妨"。如果那樣的話,你不妨試一下。Ifthatisthecase,_______________________________.典型例題Peter___comewithustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.willMayGodblessyou!Youmightaswelltryit!

93比較haveto和must1)兩詞都是'必須'的意思,haveto表示客觀的需要,must表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法,既主觀上的必要。如:我弟弟病得很厲害,我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事)_________________________________________他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作?!仓饔^上要做這件事〕________________________________________Mybrotherisbadlyillnow,soIhavetosendforadoctoratmidnight.Hesaidtheymustworkhard.

102)haveto有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化,而must只有一種形式。Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.3〕在否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)中:don'thaveto表示"不必"mustn‘t表示“禁止”,你不一定要把此事告訴他。__________________________________________你一定不要把這件事告訴他。_______________________________________Youdon’thavetotellhimaboutit.Youmustn’ttellhimaboutit.

114在答復(fù)帶有must的問(wèn)句時(shí),否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)不用mustn’t而用needn’t或者don’thaveto.---MustIgohome?---Yes,________---No________5表示偏偏,干嘛,〔指做令人不愉快的事情〕Thecarmustbreakdownjustwhenwewereabouttostartoff.

Mustyoushoutsoloudly?mustneedn’t/don’thaveto.

(干嘛)

(偏偏)

126must表示推測(cè)1)must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè),意為"一定"。2)must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí),must后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be的原形或行為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。你辛苦干一整天,一定累了?!矊?duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷〕____________________________________________他一定在辦公室工作呢。____________________________________________比較:Hemustbestayingthere.Hemuststaythere.You’veworkedalldaylongsoyoumustbetired.Hemustbeworkinginhisoffice.他現(xiàn)在肯定呆在那里他必須呆在那。

133)must表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí),must要接完成式。我剛剛沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到,我想必是睡著了。__________________________________________

Ididhearthephone.Imusthaveslept.

145)否認(rèn)推測(cè)用can‘t。IfTomdidn‘tleavehereuntilfiveo’clock,hecan‘tbehomeyet.如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開(kāi)這兒,他此時(shí)一定還未到家。

154.shall用法1)表示命令、許諾、警告、強(qiáng)制、威脅,決心等。一般用于二、三人稱(chēng),并用于陳述句中。YoushallhavemyanswertomorrowHeshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.YoushalldoasItellyou.Nothingshallstopusfromfightingagainstpollution.(允諾)〔警告〕〔命令〕(決心)

162)用于二、三人稱(chēng)的疑問(wèn)句中,表示愿意,征詢聽(tīng)話人是否愿意。Shallyougowithme?你愿意跟我一起去嗎?ShallhecometoBeijingtomorrow?他明天去北京行嗎?

173)用于征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)和指示,用在一,三人稱(chēng)的疑問(wèn)句中。ShallIturnonthelight?Shallhecometoseeyou?_________________________________________注:Shall+第三人稱(chēng)主格+dosth====Doyouwant+第三人稱(chēng)賓格+todosth.=Doyouwanthimtoseeyou?

185should用法Should不是一個(gè)單獨(dú)意義的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,它只是shall的過(guò)去式。1表示勸告,建議常作應(yīng)該,應(yīng)當(dāng)之義,與oughtto有時(shí)可以互換,oughtto更注意一些責(zé)任義務(wù)。

Youshoulddoitbyyourself.2表示按常理進(jìn)行推測(cè),預(yù)測(cè)其可能性,譯為“應(yīng)該,可能”

Heshouldbeinhisofficenow.

194should用于某些從句中表虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1〕用于表示建議,命令的從句中,表示建議,命令的動(dòng)詞有suggestadvicedemandrequirerequestdesireaskinsist等詞的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形。并可以省略。HesuggestedthatI(should)doso.2)用在suggestionwishrequirementinstructionorderplanidea等詞后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中。Itismywishthatyoushoulddoso.

203)用于一些如itisdemand/desired/insisted/ordered/suggested/necessary/important/that….等結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)從句中。如Itisdemandedthatwegeteverythingreadybytheendoftheweek.4)表示驚奇,疑心,不滿等情緒,譯為“竟然”It’sapitythatheshouldbesocareless.

215)在lest,forfearthat,incase,等引起的從句中,其謂語(yǔ)用should+動(dòng)詞原形。Hecleanstheglasswithcareforfearthatheshouldbreakit.6)should帶感情色彩,常用在why,how開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句中。WhyshouldIinvitehim

?

HowshouldIknow.

226will1)表示意志和決心,用于各種人稱(chēng)。I’lldomybest.2)表示各種傾向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。Fishwilldieoutofwater.

233〕用于疑問(wèn)句表示請(qǐng)求,邀請(qǐng)。Willyougivemeapieceofpaper?4)有時(shí)表示難免畢竟。Boyswillbeboys.男孩畢竟是男孩。Accidentwillhappen.事故難免會(huì)發(fā)生。

247wouldwould是will的過(guò)去式,would+v構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),除此之外,是單獨(dú)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。1表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的“意志,愿望和決心”ItoldhimthatIwouldgoalongwithhim.2委婉提出請(qǐng)求,建議或看法,語(yǔ)氣比will委婉,肯定答語(yǔ)用will.Wouldyouhelphim?Yes,Iwill.3表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作和過(guò)去的某種傾向。Whenhewasachildhewould(usedto)playfootball.

25Would和usedto的區(qū)別。1usedto主要用于今昔習(xí)慣的比照,說(shuō)明過(guò)去如何,現(xiàn)在已不再如此了。而would不能用于今昔習(xí)慣的比照。2usedto用于表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或過(guò)去一貫存在的情況狀態(tài),而would只能表示過(guò)去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作,不能表示情況或狀態(tài)。如Thereusedtobeahousehere.不能用would這里是表狀態(tài)。

268Need的用法1〕need的意思是“”需要,既是行為動(dòng)詞,又是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

作形為動(dòng)詞時(shí),他具有一般動(dòng)詞的各種形式,〔needneedsneededneeding〕,與助動(dòng)詞〔dodoesdid〕連用構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句和否認(rèn)句,后面接名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。

作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,只有一種形式,沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,后接動(dòng)詞原形,與not連用時(shí)構(gòu)neednot的否認(rèn)式,疑問(wèn)句把need提前。

271)Ineedanewcomputer.2)Yourroomneedpainting3)Hedoesn’tneedtoworklateintothenight.4)Ineedtogetanewcar.5)Needheworksolate?

yes,hemust\no,heneedn’t.6)youneedn’twalkthatfast,needyou?你不必走那么快,是嗎?實(shí)義動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

28注意1:need的被動(dòng)含義:need,want,require,worth〔形容詞〕后面接doing也可以表示被動(dòng):needdoing=needtobedone注意2:need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不用在肯定句中,只用于疑問(wèn)句和否認(rèn)句中,

299dare的用法1它既可以作形為動(dòng)詞又可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),主要用于疑問(wèn)句,否認(rèn)句及條件句中,陳述句中很少使用但〔Idaresay〕除外。沒(méi)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,但有時(shí)態(tài)變化,過(guò)去時(shí)為dared.否認(rèn)式為daren’t.HowdareyousayI’munfair?HedarenotspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

309作形為動(dòng)詞時(shí),有時(shí)態(tài),人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,所不同的是,作形為動(dòng)詞時(shí),在肯定句中,其后常接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式,但在否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中,其后的to可省可不省。如:Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.Hedoesnotdare(to)answerDon’tyoudare(to)touchit?

3110含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成反意問(wèn)句時(shí),常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Shewillcome,won’tshe?1〕謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是“oughtto+動(dòng)詞原形”疑問(wèn)局部用ought,oughtnot,shouldn’t+主語(yǔ)代詞。Heoughttobepunished,___________2)當(dāng)陳述局部是dareneed時(shí),分情況而定。如:Theyneedtodoit,Youdaren’tcome,oughtn’the?don’tthey?dareyou?

323)must表推測(cè)時(shí),疑問(wèn)局部應(yīng)該根據(jù)其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)確定。(注意:當(dāng)musthavedone結(jié)構(gòu)中有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí),不用haven’t而用didn’t)如:youmustbeMr.Li,_________youmusthavefinishedit,__________Shemusthavereadthebookyesterday,_________aren’tyou?haven’tyou?didn’tshe?

3311表示推測(cè)的用法can,could,may,might,must皆可表示推測(cè),其用法如下:1〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形。表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況的推測(cè),此時(shí)動(dòng)詞通常為系動(dòng)詞。Idon'tknowwheresheis,shemaybeinWuhan.2〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)。Atthismoment,ourteachermustbecorrectingourexampapers.

343〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)。表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地是濕的,昨天晚上一定下雨了。

354〕推測(cè)的否認(rèn)形式,疑問(wèn)形式用can't,couldn't表示。Mikecan'thavefoundhiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.邁克一定還沒(méi)有找回他的車(chē),因?yàn)樵缟纤亲财?chē)來(lái)上班的。

3612情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過(guò)去分詞may(might)have+donesth,can(could)have+donesth

372)

musthave+donesth,對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè),語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),具有“肯定”,“諒必”的意思。

---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.

---Shemusthavegonebybus.

383)oughttohavedonesth,shouldhavedonesth本應(yīng)該做某事,而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。否認(rèn)句表示“不該做某事而做了”。Yououghtto(should)havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.Heoughtnottohavethrowntheoldclothesaway.〔事實(shí)上已扔了。〕oughtto在語(yǔ)氣上比should要強(qiáng)。

394)needn‘thavedonesth本沒(méi)必要做某事

Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butI

needn'thavedoneso.Theweatherwashot.

40典型例題1〕---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?---Yes,ofcourse,you____.A.mightB.willC.canD.should答案C.could表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣,并不為時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)中ofcourse,表示肯定的語(yǔ)氣,允許某人做某事時(shí),用can和may來(lái)表達(dá),不能用could或might。復(fù)習(xí):will與you連用,用來(lái)提出要求或下命令。should與you連用,用來(lái)提出勸告。

412〕---ShallItellJohnaboutit?---No,you___.I'vetoldhimalready.A.needn'tB.wouldn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't答案A。needn‘t不必,不用。wouldn’t將不,不會(huì)的。mustn‘t禁止、不能。shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。此題為不需要,不必的意思,應(yīng)用needn‘t。3〕---Don'tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.---______.A.Idon'tB.Iwon'tC.Ican'tD.Ihaven't

答案B.will既可當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表請(qǐng)求、建議、也可作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表“意愿、意志、決心”,此題表示決心,選B。

4214區(qū)別微妙的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在近年來(lái)的高考試題中的難度日漸加大,不僅是由于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣和心態(tài)等,而且這些往往是需用心體會(huì)而得的。由于語(yǔ)氣的暗示在題目中變得更隱蔽,語(yǔ)氣的變化更微妙,因而更綜合化了?!耠y點(diǎn)磁場(chǎng)1.(★★★★★)Ididn’thearthephoneI________asleep.A.mustbe B.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen2.(★★★★★)We________lastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.A.musthavestudied B.mightstudyC.shouldhavestudied D.wouldstudy3.(★★★★★)John,you________playwiththeknife,you________hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;must D.can’t;shouldn’t

434.(★★★★★)It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack________behereatanymoment.A.must B.needC.should D.can5.(★★★★)She________forwhatshehasdone,butwhydoyoukeepsilentonit?A.oughttopraise B.oughttohavepraisedC.oughttobepraised D.oughttohavebeenpraised6.(★★★★)Ifyourbossisnotright,you________him.A.mustn’tobey B.don’thavetoobeyC.wouldn’thaveobeyD.can’thaveobey

447.(★★★★★)—ShallIcalladoctorforyou?—________.Iwillbebettersoon.A.Yes,youmay B.No,youmustn’tC.No,youneedn’t D.I’drathernot8.(★★★★)—Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithmetonight?—________.A.I’dloveso B.I’llliketoC.Iwouldlikethat D.I’dloveto9.(★★★★★)He________youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegiven B.mightC.mayhavegiven D.maygive10.(★★★★★)Noise________harmfulinChina.A.didn’tusetobeconsidered B.usedn’ttoconsiderC.didn’tusetoconsider D.isn’tusedtobeconsidered

45●案例探究1.—Willyoustayforlunch?—Sorry,________mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’t B.Ican’tC.Ineedn’t D.Iwon’t2.SorryI’mlate.I________haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.(2000年春季高考北京)A.might B.should C.can D.will

46命題意圖:考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在一般疑問(wèn)句答語(yǔ)中的用法。此題屬四星級(jí)題。知識(shí)依托:mustn’t不允許、禁止can’t客觀上不能辦到needn’t不需要won’t不會(huì),不愿意錯(cuò)解分析:此題易誤選D,Iwon’t,只考慮了將來(lái)時(shí),而實(shí)際上,吃飯這件事是辦不到的。解題方法與技巧:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在一般疑問(wèn)句中的問(wèn)和答的應(yīng)用,一般只涉及到詞的根本用法。can表示做某事的能力。意思是“能夠”“能”?;虮硎驹S可,在疑問(wèn)句中表示要求,否認(rèn)句表示不許。答案:B

47命題意圖:此題考查對(duì)過(guò)去猜測(cè)的用法。屬五星級(jí)題。知識(shí)依托:may/might/must+havedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定猜測(cè)。can’t/couldn’t+havedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去的否認(rèn)猜測(cè)。錯(cuò)解分析:此題易誤選B,而shouldhavedone表示應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做,這和語(yǔ)意“我可能是把鬧鐘關(guān)掉后又睡了”是矛盾的,故應(yīng)選A。解題方法與技巧:在這道題目中反映出的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)屬于高考的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn),對(duì)于這種題目首先要弄清各種搭配的含義,然后再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選出正確答案。答案:A

48●殲滅難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練1.(★★★★)Don’tlockthedoorincasehe_____________backlateatnight.A.shouldcome B.mightcomeC.willcome D.wouldcome2.(★★★★★)You________worryabouttheoldman.He___________wellalready.A.don’tneed;gets B.needn’t;mayhavegotC.mustn’t;got D.don’tneedto;mayget3.(★★★★)I’vetriedmanytimes,butthecarjust____________.A.won’tstart B.wouldn’tstartC.doesn’tstart D.didn’tstart4.(★★★★★)Bettersetoffatonce,__________?A.won’tyou B.shallweC.hadn’tyou D.wouldn’tyou

495.(★★★★★)Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou___________homewithoutaword.(2001年高考)A.musn’tleave B.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleft D.needn’tleave6.(★★★★★)—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I_______gototheconcertintead.(2000年高考)A.must, B.wouldC.should D.might7.(★★★★★)—Doyouthinkhewilldomeafavour?—AsfarasIknow,heisthelastonetohelpothers.He________bepreparedtogiveyouahand,though.〔南京二模〕A.might B.mustC.can D.should

508.(★★★★★)Youmusthaveseenthefilmlastnight,____________you?A.mustn’t B.isn’tC.didn’t D.haven’t9.(★★★★★)It’sdarknow.Wehavetostayhereforthenight,__________?A.don’twe B.haven’tweC.mustn’twe D.shouldn’twe10.(★★★★★)He_________throughtheforestalone.A.darewalk B.daretowalkC.dareswalking D.darestowalk

51情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考查熱點(diǎn)透視情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是高考考查的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法工程之一,2008年對(duì)口升學(xué)英語(yǔ)第25、31題考查了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,全國(guó)普通高考各地試題對(duì)此都有考查。下面就近幾年來(lái)高考試題中出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納分析,以便同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)掌握。

5225Lucy,becarefulnexttime.You_____suchamistake.Adon’tmakeBhavenotmadeCcan’thavemadeDshouldn’thavemade31Myteacherpromisedthathe_____hiscameratome.AwouldlendBlentClendsDwilllend

53一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)1.肯定的推測(cè)一般用must,should,may〔might〕或could〔不用can〕,其中,must的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng),譯為“肯定”、“準(zhǔn)是”、“想必是”;should的語(yǔ)氣次之,譯為“很可能”、“應(yīng)該”,指按常理推測(cè);may〔might〕,could的語(yǔ)氣最弱,譯為“也許”、“可能”。

54①Helen_______goonthetripwithusbutsheisn’tquitesureyet.〔2005年安徽卷〕A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can②—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.—It___Harry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.〔2005年廣東卷〕A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn’tbeD.couldbe③Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I_______itsomewhere.〔2005年北京春季卷〕A.mustdropB.musthavedroppedC.mustbedroppingD.musthavebeendropped④IfI____plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.〔2005年湖北卷〕A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughtto

552.否認(rèn)推測(cè)分為兩種情況:1〕語(yǔ)氣不很肯定時(shí),常用maynot,mightnot或couldnot,譯為“可能不”、“也許不”。

2〕否認(rèn)語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)時(shí),那么用can’t,譯為“根本不可能”、“想必不會(huì)”,表示驚異、疑心的感情色彩。

561)Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers______notlikethedesignofthefurniture.〔2004年上海春季卷〕A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need

2)—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.—Well.He______havegonefar——hiscoat’sstillhere.〔2005年湖北卷〕A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.wouldn’t3)—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,it_______behimI’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.〔2004年全國(guó)卷Ⅰ〕A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot

573.疑問(wèn)句中的推測(cè),往往用can或could。

Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How______itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?〔2001年上海春季卷〕A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must

584.對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)常用“must,may,might等+完成式”;否認(rèn)推測(cè)常用“can,could,may,might等+完成式”。1)He_______havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbyseaside.〔2005年北京卷〕A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t2)—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisbeabsenttoday?—Something________tohim.〔2005年江西卷〕A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened3)MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_____yourlecture.〔2000年上海卷〕A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveatterdedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattended

59二、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式”1.“should〔oughtto〕+完成式”表示本應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做。其否認(rèn)式表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。①—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You________herlastweek.〔2004年福建卷〕A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold②Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach,I_____somuchfriedchickenjustnow.〔2002年上海春季卷〕A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat

602.“could+完成式”表示本來(lái)能夠做成某事的但結(jié)果沒(méi)能做成,含有遺憾的意味。

Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.〔2005年山東卷〕A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need

613.“needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示本來(lái)不必做某事而實(shí)際上做了某事。例如:Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.你本不需要澆花的,因?yàn)樘炀鸵掠炅?。—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You______it.Icouldmanageitmyself.〔2005年福建卷〕A.needn’tdoB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedone

62三、常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1.shall用于一、二、三人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn);用于二、三人稱(chēng)陳述句表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅等。①“Theinterestbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.〔2004年重慶卷〕A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall②—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.—You______havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.〔2004年湖南卷〕A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t③—Theroomissodirty.______wecleanit?—Ofcourse.〔2003年北京春季卷〕A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do

632.must用于疑問(wèn)句,表示責(zé)備、抱怨的感情色彩,意思為“偏偏,偏要”;mustn’t表示禁止,是說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)有力的勸告。①John,lookatthetime._______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?〔2005年全國(guó)卷Ⅲ〕A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need②Tom,youleaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!〔2005年全國(guó)卷Ⅰ〕A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot

643.needn’t表示“沒(méi)有必要”?!狶ucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.—She______.I’vealreadyborrowedone.〔2005年湖南卷〕A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

654.would表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。Whenhewasthere,he___gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.〔1996年上海卷〕A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might

665.表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力而成功的某一次動(dòng)作,只能用was/wereableto,而不能用could。Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.〔1997年全國(guó)卷〕A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could

676.考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用作答語(yǔ)的情況①—Writetomewhenyougethome.—_______.〔2001年北京春季卷〕A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican②—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?—Yes,you______.〔1998年上海卷〕A.willB.couldC.mayD.might

68情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)題

691.---Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.---Oh,he______havebeenaverysmartboythen.A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.must2.“Theinterest______bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall3.---I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.---You______herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold4.---Excuseme,isthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?---Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit______be.A.mightB.willC.mustD.can5.I______payTracyavisit,butIamnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could

706.---Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.---You______.I’mnotaskingyouforit.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t7.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI______reportittothepolice?A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can8.MrWhite____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving9.---Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?---No,it______behim---I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot10.You_____betired---you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot

7111.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_____beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.A.mustB.mayC.canD.need12.---Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?---Well,ifyou______know,hernameisMabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall13.---Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.---You____havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t14.Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers_____notlikethedesignofthefurniture.A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need15.---Mum,I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8’clock.______IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?---No,I’mafraidnot.Besides,it’srainingoutsidenow.A.Can’tB.Wouldn’tC.MaynotD.Won’t

7216.“_____youplaybaseball?”“No,I_______.“A.Can;mayB.Can’t;can’tC.May;can’tD.can;can17.“______Ihandinthepaperthisweek?”“No,you______.You_____handitinnextweek.A.Must;needn’t;mayB.will;mustn’t;oughttoC.Shall;can’t;havetoD.Should;didn’thaveto;can18. Therewerealready4peopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakeJohnaswell.It______acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.wouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenC.couldn’thavebeen19. It’snearlyeighto’clock.They______behereatanymoment.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.need20. “______Itakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?”“Sorry,you_____.”A.May;mustn’tB.Must;can’tC.will;didn’thavetoC.Can;aren’tableto

7321. Thebosssaytothesecretary,“Ifyouworkwell,you_____havearise.”A.shallB.wouldC.mustD.ought22. Let’ssingasong,______we?A.willB.can’tC.shallD.do23. “______yougososoon?”“No,I______goyet.”AMust;mustn’tB.Shall;won’tC.Can;maynotD.Must;needn’tThebookIborrowedfromthelibraryisn’there.Who__________?A.couldhavetakenitB.musthavetakenitC.mighttakeitD.shouldtakeit.25.“Theywenttothelecture,butithadbeenputoff.”“Oh,sothey_______.”A.needn’thavegoneB.shouldhavegoneC.mustn’thavegoneD.don’tneedtogo

7426. “________Ihaveaglassofbeer?”“No,I’mafraidyou________.”ACan’t;can’tB.Could;won’tC.May;daren’tD.Shall;may27.“Isn’tthatTomplayingbasketball?”“It______be;hefellofftheladderyesterdayandgotbadlyhurt.”mustn’tB.wouldrathernotC.couldn’tD.wouldn’t28. “Needhego?”“Yes,he______.”A.needB.canC.mayD.must29. Tellmehowyouworkouttheanswer,_______you?A.canB.willC.don’tD.shan’t30. Youpromisedyourfriendaletter;yououghtto______daysago.writeB.bewritingC.havewrittenD.bewritten

7531. Shehaddonemoreworkinonedaythanherbrother_______inthreedays.AwilldoB.maydoC.coulddoD.hasdone32. Theteachertoldthestudentthathe______payforthemissingmagazine.A.didn’tneedtoB.neednottoC.mustn’tD.nothadto33. ItisSaturdaytomorrow.I_______getupearly.A.don’tneedB.needn’ttoC.ca

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