廣東省深圳市光明區(qū)深圳實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高中部2020-2021學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期第二階段考試英語試題

深圳實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高中部202020學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期第二階段考試高二英語時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：130分第I卷（共75分）第一部分單項(xiàng)選擇（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Old________ProfessorSinistrais,sheoftenworksdiligentlywithusfrommorningtillnight.A.although B.eventhough C.asif D.as【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：盡管Sinistra教授年紀(jì)大了，但她經(jīng)常從早到晚和我們一起勤奮地工作。A.although盡管，雖然；B.eventhough即使；C.asif似乎，好像；D.as盡管，雖然。句中將形容詞Old置于句首，句子是部分倒裝，是as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，as作“盡管”之意。此類倒裝的讓步狀語從句可用as,though來引導(dǎo)，但不能用although來引導(dǎo)。故選D。2.________ismostextraordinaryaboutChineseValentine’sDayis________theherdboyandweavinggirlcanmeeteachotheronlyonceonthe7thdayofthe7thlunarmontheveryyear.A.Whether…that B.It…that C.What…that D.That…/【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查主語從句和表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：中國情人節(jié)最特別之處在于，牛郎和織女只能在每年的農(nóng)歷七月初七相遇一次。________ismostextraordinaryaboutChineseValentine’sDay是主語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示“……的東西”用What引導(dǎo)?？?引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中句意完整，不缺少成分，用that引導(dǎo)表語從句。綜上故選C。3.Laterintoday’slecturecaseswillbeintroducedtoaudience________consumerplaintshaveledtochangesinthelaw.A.where B.when C.what D.whose【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在今天晚些時(shí)候的講座中，一些因消費(fèi)者投訴而導(dǎo)致法律變化的案例會(huì)介紹給大家。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查定語從句連接詞，先行詞為cases，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，要使用關(guān)系副詞where，故選A項(xiàng)。4.________gotoutofhishouse________itbegantorain.A.Mr.Brownhadhardly;than B.Mr.Brownhadnosooner;whenC.NosoonerhadMr.Brown;than D.HardlyMr.Brownhad;when【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查部分倒裝。句意：布朗先生一走出他的房子就開始下雨了。根據(jù)句意可知用nosooner...than...表示“一...就”。且nosooner否定詞位于句首，句子要使用部分倒裝。根據(jù)后文began“開始”使用一般過去時(shí)，可知getout“出門”使用過去完成時(shí)。故將had提到主語前。故選C。5.Themanwearingtheblacksuitwastheone________forchoppingdowntheoldtree________aroundninetymeterstallinthebotanicgarden.A.tobeblamed,measured B.toblame,measuringC.shouldblame,tobemeasured D.shouldbeblamed,tobemeasured【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查固定短語和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：那個(gè)穿黑衣服的人是砍倒植物園里大約90米高的老樹的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。第一空修飾theone，且theone指代主語theman，sb.betoblameforsb.表示“某人應(yīng)該對某事負(fù)責(zé)”，故省略be動(dòng)詞，用不定式作定語；第二空measure無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，與邏輯主語theoldtree構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故選B。6.Itis________Tonyoftenplaysputergamesbehindhisparents’back________makeshisparentsworriedabouthim.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;that D./;that【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞性從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：托尼經(jīng)常背著父母玩電腦游戲，這使他的父母擔(dān)心他。第一空考查主語從句，從句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用連接詞that引導(dǎo)。that在句中不做成分，當(dāng)主語從句位于句首時(shí)，不能省略。第二空考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為Itis/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that從句。本句強(qiáng)調(diào)主語thatTonyoftenplaysputergamesbehindhisparents’back。故選C。7.__________itistruethatastudent`smostimportantgoalistodowellinhisorherstudies，itdoesn`tneedtobetheonlygoal.A.When B.As C.While D.Before【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句的連接詞。此處while意為：盡管，雖然。句意：盡管學(xué)生的最重要的目標(biāo)是在學(xué)習(xí)上做得好，但也不必是唯一的目標(biāo)。8.Sheisastrongwilledwomanandnotonce________intoanydifficultyinherlife.A.shewouldgive B.didshegive C.shegave D.hasshegiven【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查倒裝句和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：她是個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的女人，在生活中從未向任何困難屈服過。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為由and連接的并列句，在第二個(gè)分句中，“once”為狀語，其前有否定詞not修飾且置于句首，句子通常用倒裝語序，結(jié)合句意“她在生活中從未向任何困難屈服過”，指過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，綜上，應(yīng)填hasshegiven，故選D。9.Wherehaveyoubeen?I________intheheavytraffic.Otherwise,I________hereearlier.A.gotstuck;wouldhavee B.gotstuck;wasC.havegotstuck;wouldhavee D.hadgotstuck;woulde【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和虛擬。句意：——你去哪了？——我剛在路上堵車了。不然我早就應(yīng)該到了。結(jié)合問句句意可知問得是過去，要是用一般過去時(shí)，答句中出現(xiàn)了otherwise引，為含蓄虛擬語氣，表示與過去的事實(shí)相反，用wouldhavedone的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A項(xiàng)。10.OnlyafterIwentupfurther________thatunderthetree________,obviouslysoundasleep.A.thatIsaw;didaboylie B.Isaw;layaboyC.didIsee;didaboylie D.didIsee;layaboy【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查倒裝句。句意：只有再往上走一點(diǎn)后，我才看見樹下躺著一個(gè)男孩，顯然睡得正香。Only+狀語位于句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)所給went可知是一般過去時(shí)，空1需要用助動(dòng)詞did；表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語位于句首時(shí)，句子全部倒裝，不需要用助動(dòng)詞did。綜上故選D。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACan’tmissexhibitsatChicagomuseumsin2020Chicagoisacityfullofhistory,art,culture.Thisyear,thecity’smajormuseumsarestagingseveralshowstoppingexhibits.HerearejustafewoftheChicagomuseumexhibitsworthavisitin2020.TheAllure(魅力)ofMatter:MaterialArtfromChinaCopresentedbyChicago’sSmartMuseumofArtandWrightwood659,TheAllureofMatter:MaterialArtfromChinaisalimitedtimeexhibitthatfocusesoncharmingmaterialartfromcontemporaryChineseartists.Seeeverydayobjectstransformedintolargescaleartworks,withpiecesmadefromplastic,wood,paper,andmore.Guestsareencouragedtovisitbothlocationstofullyexperiencetheexhibit’s45differentworks.Feb.6—May.2,2020Wrightwood659,LincolnParkSmartMuseumofArt,HydeParkTheMarchattheDuSableChicago’sDuSableMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistoryisthefirstindependentAfricanAmericanhistorymuseuminthecountry,theexhibitofwhichshowcasesthe1963MarchonWashingtonforJobsandFreedom.ThegroundbreakingexhibitwillbringDr.MartinLutherKing’s“IHaveaDream”speechtovirtualrealityforthefirsttimeandallowguestsaoneofakind,multilevelsensoryexperience.Feb.28—Nov.20,2020TheDuSableMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistory,HydeParkMonetandChicagoChicagohasalwaysheldaspecialconnectiontoMonet.TheArtinstitutewasthefirstAmericanmuseumtopurchaseoneofMonet’spaintings,andtodaythemuseumholdsthelargestcollectionofworksbytheartistsoutsideofParis.ThatmakesthemuseumaperfectbackgroundforthepioneeringMonetandChicago.TheexhibitsexploresMonet’sconnectionstothecitythrough65ofhispaintings—includingbothrareandiconic(標(biāo)志性的)works.May.10—Sept.28,2020ArtInstituteofChicago,Loop11.WhatisthecharacteristicofChineseartists’artworks?A.Theyarepresentedinasinglelocation.B.Theyaremadeofmaterialsfordailyuse.C.TheyaremadebyChineseAmericanartists.D.Theyareheldonalargescalewithfreeaccess.12.WherecanvisitorsenjoyauniqueexperienceofMartinLutherKing’sspeech?A.AnInstituteofChicago,Loop.B.Wrightwood659,LincolnPark.C.SmartMuseumofArt,HydePark.D.TheDuSableMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistory,HydePark.13.WhatdoestheexhibitMonetandChicagocenteron?A.Monet’slifeoutsideofParis. B.Monet’slaterlifeinChicago.C.Monet’spaintingsofChicago. D.Monet’sconnectiontoChicago.【答案】11.B12.D13.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了2020年芝加哥值得一逛的博物館展館?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheAllureofMatter部分的“Seeeverydayobjectstransformedintolargescaleartworks,withpiecesmadefromplastic,wood,paper,andmore.(看看日常用品變成大型藝術(shù)品，由塑料、木材、紙張等材料制成)”可知，中國藝術(shù)家作品的特征是這些作品是由日常使用的材料制成的，故選B項(xiàng)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheMarchattheDuSableMuseum中的“ThegroundbreakingexhibitwillbringDr.MartinLutherKing’s“IHaveaDream”speechtovirtualrealityforthefirsttimeandallowguestsaoneofakind,multilevelsensoryexperience.(這個(gè)開創(chuàng)性的展覽將首次將馬丁·路德·金博士的“我有一個(gè)夢想”演講帶入虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)，讓參觀者獲得獨(dú)一無二的、多層次的感官體驗(yàn))”可知在TheMarchattheDuSableMuseum中可以體驗(yàn)馬丁·路德·金的演講。再根據(jù)地址TheDuSableMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistory,HydePark，可知，在TheDuSableMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistory,HydePark.游客可以享受到馬丁·路德·金演講的獨(dú)特體驗(yàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MonetandChicago中的“TheexhibitexploresMonet'sconnectionstothecitythrough65ofhispaintings—includingbothrareandiconic(標(biāo)志性的)works.(展覽通過65幅莫奈的畫作探索了他與這座城市的聯(lián)系，其中包括罕見的和標(biāo)志性的作品)”可知，MonetandChicago展覽是以莫奈和芝加哥的聯(lián)系為中心，故選D項(xiàng)。BMomandIwereputtingthefinishingtouchesondinner,andmylittlenieceJessicacameintosetthetable.Insteadofgoingtothedishcabinet,shewentintothepantrywheretherewasastackofold,mismatcheddinnerplatesonthebottomshelf.Whenshehadsetallsixplaces,shestoodbackandsighed,“Oh,Grandma,yourplatesaresobeautiful.Oursareallalike!”Wehadagoodlaughatherinnocentremark,butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago,Ibelieveshewasright.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.Momworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper.Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels,aserviceinthe1970s.Theyreceivedahotlunchandacoldsnacktohavelaterintheevening.Thisisreallynotverymuchfood.EveryeveningMomwouldmaketogomealsonthesemismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil,andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidn’tgetenoughtoeat.Thiswasabouttenyearsbeforemicrowaveovensbecamemonsoitwasimportantthatthefoodbeonaplatethatcouldbereheatedinaregularoven.Insteadofacoldsandwichandmacaronisalad,Mom’sclientsdinedonBeefManhattans,panfriedchickenormeatloaf,alongwithveggiesandapieceofpieorcake.MomandDaddidthisevenafterMomleftherjob,andMomcontinuedafterDad’sdeathuntilallherformerclientshadeitherpassedawayormovedout.WhenIwascleaningourMom’shouseafterherdeath,Ikeptoneasasouvenir（紀(jì)念品）.Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone’sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.14.Whydidtheauthorthinkthoseplatesbeautiful?A.Theywerenotallalike.B.TheywerelittleJessica’spride.C.Theywerecollectedfromdifferentplaces.D.Theyweresymbolsoftheparents’kindness.15.Whatdidtheauthor’smotherdotoearnalivinginthe1970s?A.Beahousewife. B.RunMealsonWheels.C.Deliverfoodtohouses. D.Dohouseworkfortheold.16.Whydidtheauthor’smothermaketogomeals?A.Itwasherjob.B.Shewasgoodatcooking.C.Shewantedtohelpbeyondherduty.D.Herfamilydidn’thaveenoughtoeat.17.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PlatesofSympathy B.APreciousSouvenirC.ServicesfortheSenior D.AKindheartedMother【答案】14.D15.D16.C17.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了媽媽在職務(wù)之外為人提供幫助的故事。父母慷慨和關(guān)心鄰居為作者樹立了榜樣。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone’sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.“這個(gè)盤子提醒著我一段甜美的訓(xùn)誡，慷慨和關(guān)心鄰居是我父母為我樹立的榜樣。”由此可知，這些盤子是父母善良的象征，所以它們很美。故選D。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels,aserviceinthe1970s.“她做了許多小事，讓老年人可以住在自己的家里。她的大多數(shù)客戶都是上門送餐服務(wù)，這是20世紀(jì)70年代的一項(xiàng)服務(wù)?！庇纱丝芍?，作者的母親在20世紀(jì)70年代是靠為老人做家務(wù)謀生的。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中EveryeveningMomwouldmaketogomealsonthesemismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil,andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidn’tgetenoughtoeat.“每天晚上，媽媽都會(huì)用這些不配套的盤子做外賣，盤子上蓋著鋁箔紙，然后把外賣送到那些她知道吃不飽的人手中?！庇纱丝芍?，作者的母親之所以做外賣，是她想在她的職責(zé)之外給人提供幫助。故選C。【17題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段WhenIwascleaningourMom’shouseafterherdeath,Ikeptoneasasouvenir（紀(jì)念品）.Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone’sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.“媽媽去世后，我在打掃她的房子時(shí)，留了一個(gè)作為紀(jì)念。這個(gè)盤子提醒著我一段甜美的訓(xùn)誡，慷慨和關(guān)心鄰居是我父母為我樹立的榜樣。”這篇文章講述了媽媽在職務(wù)之外用一些盤子為人提供幫助的故事。在作者眼里這些盤子是美的，是父母慷慨和關(guān)心鄰居為作者樹立了榜樣提醒。由此可知，A項(xiàng)PlatesofSympathy是最佳標(biāo)題。plate是文章的焦點(diǎn)。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】在細(xì)節(jié)考查題中有一類事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)類型的閱讀理解題，一般只針對某個(gè)特定的細(xì)節(jié)，題型可以多種多樣。此類題型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二種是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。本題第2小題，根據(jù)第三段中Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels,aserviceinthe1970s.“她做了許多小事，讓老年人可以住在自己的家里。她的大多數(shù)客戶都是上門送餐服務(wù)，這是20世紀(jì)70年代的一項(xiàng)服務(wù)?！庇纱丝芍髡叩哪赣H在20世紀(jì)70年代是靠為老人做家務(wù)謀生的。故選D。CInitsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,“No,thanks.I’vegotagoodhorseunderme.”Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasn’tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity’sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwoodframebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructureslikeTremontHotel,whichwasasixstorybrickbuilding?That’swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehousemovingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤頂)beneaththebuilding’sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman’ssignal,eachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago’searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago’swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity’snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.18.Theauthormentionsthejoketoshow________.A.horseswerefairlyusefulinChicagoB.theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorousC.ChicagowasverydangerousinthespringD.Chicago’sstreetswereextremelymuddy19.ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto________.A.liftthelevelofstreetswithpipes B.lowertheChicagoRiverbydrainsC.buildpipestofightagainstheavyfloods D.getridofthestreetdirtthroughpipes20.WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?A.Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.B.Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.C.ItinvolvedPullmanturningtenjackscrews.D.Itwentonsmoothlyasintended..ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago’s________.A.popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB.environmentaldisastersandtheircausesC.engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD.successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievements【答案】18.D19.A20.D.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了早期芝加哥城的建造問題并講述了改革方案?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.(在早期的歷史時(shí)期，芝加哥經(jīng)常洪水泛濫，尤其是在春天，使得芝加哥的街道總是泥濘不堪，行人，馬上和汽車全部堵在路上)”可推知，作者提及那個(gè)玩笑是為了突出芝加哥道路泥濘不堪。故選D。【19題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity’sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.(一個(gè)叫Ellis的工程師說服這個(gè)城市除了將管道建在地面上，然后用泥土覆蓋上。這使得城市的街道高度上升到了12英尺)”可知，Ellis說服城市通過將管道鋪在地面來提升街道高度。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AtPullman’ssignal,eachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening.(在鉑爾曼的指導(dǎo)下，每個(gè)人同時(shí)抬起同樣數(shù)量的螺旋千斤頂，從而慢慢地抬起建筑物。令人震驚的是，這家飯店在整個(gè)移動(dòng)的工程中保持開業(yè)狀態(tài)，并且里面的客人甚至都沒有注意到發(fā)生的事情)”可推知，TremontHotel飯店的搬遷進(jìn)展的跟預(yù)想的一樣順利。故選D?！绢}詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.(在早期的歷史時(shí)期，芝加哥經(jīng)常洪水泛濫，尤其是在春天，使得芝加哥的街道總是泥濘不堪，行人，馬上和汽車全部堵在路上)”可知，開篇提到芝加哥城所存在的一些問題，接下來討論了解決這個(gè)問題的一些方法，以及最后一段“ButinChicago’searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.(但是在芝加哥的早期歷史中，每一個(gè)工程方案似乎都會(huì)帶來新的問題)可知，雖然解決了當(dāng)前的問題，但隨之而來又會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些新的有待解決的問題。所以文章主要講述的是工程問題以及解決方法。故選C。DSpaceexplorationhasalwaysbeentheprovinceofdreamers:Thehumanimaginationsoarswherehumaningenuity(創(chuàng)造力)strugglestofollow.AVoyagetotheMoon,oftencitedasthefirstsciencefictionstory,waswrittenbyCyranodeBergeracin1649.Cyranowasdeadandburiedforagoodthreecenturiesbeforethefirstmannedrocketsstartedtofly.In1961,whenPresidentKennedydeclaredthatAmericawouldsendamantothemoonbythedecade’send,thosewords,too,hadadreamlikequality.Theyreflectedoptimismandambitioninmuchthesamewayasthemostfamousdreamspeechofall,deliveredbyMartinLutherKingJr.twoyearslater.Bytheendofthedecade,bothvisionshadyieldedconcreteresultsandtransformedAmericansociety.Andyetinmanywaysthetwodreamsendedupatoddswitheachother.Thefightforracialandeconomicequalityisintenselypragmatic(講求實(shí)用的)andimmediateinitsimpact.Theurgetoexplorespaceisjusttheopposite.Itisliterallyunrealisticinitsaims.Whenthedustsettled,thespacedreamerslostout.TherewasnograndfollowuptotheApollomissions.Thetechnologicallypromisedspaceshuttleprogramhasjustetoanend,withnosuccessor.Thecontinuousargumentisthatfundsaretight,thatwehavemorepressingproblemshereonEarth.Amidthecurrentconcernsaboutthefederaldeficit(聯(lián)邦赤字),reachingtowardthestarsseemsanunnecessaryluxuryasifsavingonethousandthofasingleyear’sbudgetwouldsolveourproblems.Buthumaningenuitystruggleson.NASAisdevelopingaseriesofroboticprobesthatwillgetthemostbangforabuck.TheywillserveasmodernMagellan,mappingoutthesolarsystemforwhateverexplorersfollow,whethermanormachine.Ontheotherhand,panieslikeVirginGalacticareplottingabottomupattackonthespacedreambymakingitarealitytothepublic.Privatespaceflightcouldliewithinreachofrichciviliansinafewyears.Anotherdecadeortwoanditcouldgomainstream.Thespacedreamersendupbenefitingallofusnotjustbecauseofthewaytheyexpandhumanknowledge,orbecauseofthetechnologiestheyproduce,butbecausethetwotypesofdreamsfeedoffeachother.BothMartinLutherKingandJohnKennedyappealedtotheideathathumanscantranscendwhatwereonceconsideredinherentlimitations.Todaywefacechallengesinenergy,theenvironmentandhealthcare.Tomorrowwewilltranscendtheseaswell,andthedreamerswilldeservealotofthecredit.Themoreevidencewecollectthatourspeciesiscapableofgreatness,themorewewillactuallyachieveit.22.TheauthormentionsCyranodeBergeracinordertoshowthat________.A.ingenuityisessentialforsciencefictionwritersB.imaginationisthemotherofinventionC.ittakespatienceforhumanstorealizetheirdreamsD.dreamershavealwaysbeeninterestedinsciencefiction23.HowdidthegeneralpublicviewKennedy’sspaceexplorationplan?A.ItsymbolizedtheAmericandream.B.Itwasasurgentasracialequality.C.Itsoundedverymuchlikeadream.D.Itmadeanancientdreametrue.24.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAmerica’saimtoexplorespace?A.Itmaynotbringaboutimmediateeconomicgains.B.Itcannotberealizedwithouttechnologicalinnovation.C.Itwillnothelptherealizationofracialandeconomicequality.D.Itcannotbeachievedwithoutagoodknowledgeoftheotherworlds.25.Whichofthefollowingistheclosesttotheunderlinedphrase“feedoff”inthelastparagraph?A.Contradict. B.Support. C.Weaken. D.Substitutefor.【答案】22.B23.C24.A25.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹太空探索一直都是夢想家的天地，它也激發(fā)了人類的想象力和創(chuàng)造力?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Spaceexplorationhasalwaysbeentheprovinceofdreamers：Thehumanimaginationreadilysoarswherehumaningenuity(創(chuàng)造力)strugglestofollow.(太空探索一直是夢想家的領(lǐng)域:在人類的智慧難以企及的地方，人類的想象力隨時(shí)可以展翅高飛。)”隨后提到CyranodeBergerac及其科幻小說AVoyagetotheMoon，為的是進(jìn)一步說明想象力是創(chuàng)造之母。故選B。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In1961,whenPresidentKennedydeclaredthatAmericawouldsendamantothemoonbythedecade'send,thosewords,too,hadadreamlikequality.(1961年，當(dāng)肯尼迪總統(tǒng)宣布美國將在這個(gè)十年結(jié)束前將人類送上月球時(shí)，這句話也具有夢幻般的性質(zhì)。)”可知1961年肯尼迪總統(tǒng)宣布美國將在20世紀(jì)60年代末以前把人類送到月球上時(shí)，在當(dāng)時(shí)對于公眾來說聽起來很像一場夢。故選C。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefightforracialandeconomicequalityisintenselypragmatic(講求實(shí)用的)andimmediateinitsimpact.Theurgetoexplorespaceisjusttheopposite.Itisfigurativelyandliterallyotherworldlyinitsaims(爭取種族和經(jīng)濟(jì)平等的斗爭是非常務(wù)實(shí)和直接的影響。探索太空的欲望恰恰相反。它的目的在形象上和字面上都是不切實(shí)際的).”可知為種族和經(jīng)濟(jì)平等的斗爭非常講求實(shí)用，能夠產(chǎn)生立竿見影的效果，而探索太空不可能產(chǎn)生立竿見影的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，故選A?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thespacedreamersendupbenefitingallofus—notjustbecauseofthewaytheyexpandhumanknowledge,orbecauseofthespinofftechnologiestheyproduce,butbecausethetwotypesofdreamsfeedoffeachother.(這不僅僅是因?yàn)樗鼈償U(kuò)展人類知識的方式，或者是因?yàn)樗鼈儺a(chǎn)生的技術(shù)，而是因?yàn)檫@兩種類型的夢相互依存。)”“BothMartinLutherKingandJohnKennedyappealedtotheideathathumanscantranscendwhatwereonceconsideredinherentlimitations(馬丁·路德·金和約翰·肯尼迪都認(rèn)為，人類可以超越曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是固有的局限性)”可知，太空夢想家們的努力終將造福我們所有人，其原因不僅在于他們拓展人類知識的方式，或者他們研發(fā)出來的衍生技術(shù)，而是因?yàn)閮煞N類型的夢想有共同之處，它們可以相互“依存”?？芍猣eedoff是“support”的意思。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhentoSay“No”toAntibiotics(抗生素)Althoughtheyknowthatantibioticskillonlybacteriabutnotvirusesandtheobviousriskofantibioticoverusetopersonalhealth,manydoctorsstilluseantibioticswhenthedrugsarenotnecessary.____26____Insomeseriouscases,thepatientswiththemfailedtorespondtoanymedicaltreatmentanddiedwithindays.Therefore,severalmedicalorganizationshavetriedtocorrectantibioticmisusebyexplainingwhenthedrugsarenotneeded.EarDiseasesEarachesaccountforoverhalfofearrelateddiseasesforchildren.Mostearachesgraduallyhealwithnoantibioticindays,especiallyinchildrentwoandolder.____27____Inseverecasesorwhenchildrenundertwoyearsoldexperiencemoderatetoseverepain,antibioticsmightberequired.EyeDiseasesDoctorsoftenuseantibioticeyedropsaftertreatingrelateddiseases.MacularDegeneration,forexample,isaneyediseasegenerallytreatedwithinjectionsorlaseroperation.Butthosedropsarerarelyneededaftersuchproceduresandcanevendamagepatients’eyes.LungDiseasesForolderpatients,particularlythosewholiveinlongtermcarecenters,doctorsneedtouseantibioticswhenaroutinetestfindsbacteriainlung.___28___ThroatDiseases___29___Therefore,antibioticsshouldn’tbewidelyusedintreatmentsforsuchdiseases.Onlylessthanonethirdofstrepthroatsarebacterial.Ifyoususpectbacterialthroat,gettestedtofindoutforsure.AnotherreportconductedbytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,alsoindicatesthatantibioticmisuseaffectsatleasttwomillionpeopleannually,killingmorethan23,000.____30____Therefore,healthexpertsurgealldoctorsinpracticetofollowtheaboveinstructions.A.Mostthroatdiseasesarecausedbyviruses.B.Justwaittwodaystoseeifsymptomsdisappear.C.Butiftheresultprovesnormal,thedrugswon’thelp.D.Inthiscase,antibioticsarethemosteffectivefortheold.E.Mostdoctorsalreadyknowit,sotheysaynotoantibiotics.F.Undersuchcircumstances,limitingantibioticmisuseisamust.G.Thismaydevelopthe“superbugs”,whichcan’tbeeasilycontrolled.【答案】26.G27.B28.C29.A30.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文?？股貋y用是一個(gè)很普遍的現(xiàn)象但是抗生素過度使用也是有害的。本文介紹了幾種不需要使用抗生素的情況?！?6題詳解】考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。前句提到了抗生素過度使用的現(xiàn)象，后句Insomeseriouscases,thepatientswiththemfailedtorespondtoanymedicaltreatmentanddiedwithindays在一些嚴(yán)重的情況下，攜帶它們的病人會(huì)無法對藥物治療做出反應(yīng)，幾天之內(nèi)就會(huì)死去。G項(xiàng)Thismaydevelopthe“superbugs”,whichcan’tbeeasilycontrolled.這（過度使用抗生素）會(huì)產(chǎn)生“超級細(xì)菌”，他們很不容易控制。后句中的them即是指“superbugs”（超級細(xì)菌）。故G項(xiàng)符合語境。【27題詳解】考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。前句Mostearachesgraduallyhealwithnoantibioticindays,especiallyinchildrentwoandolder.大部分耳疼會(huì)逐漸在數(shù)天內(nèi)沒有抗生素情況下治愈。因此下面應(yīng)該是建議患者做什么。B項(xiàng)Justwaittwodaystoseeifsymptomsdisappear.等幾天看看是否癥狀會(huì)消失。故B項(xiàng)符合語境?！?8題詳解】考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。前句doctorsneedtouseantibioticswhenaroutinetestfindsbacteriainlung.當(dāng)日常檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)肺部有細(xì)菌的時(shí)候醫(yī)生需要使用抗生素。接下來應(yīng)該是繼續(xù)論述什么情況下不應(yīng)使用，C選項(xiàng)Butiftheresultprovesnormal,thedrugswon’thelp.但是如果結(jié)果證明一切正常，那么使用抗生素就不會(huì)起到作用了。由此可知C項(xiàng)正好符合本文題意：在何種情況下不應(yīng)使用抗生素。故C項(xiàng)符合語境。【29題詳解】考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題ThroatDiseases可知本段主要是關(guān)于咽喉疾病的情況，因此只有A項(xiàng)合適。A項(xiàng)Mostthroatdiseasesarecausedbyviruses.大部分咽喉疾病是由病毒引發(fā)的。故A項(xiàng)符合語境。30題詳解】考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。上句antibioticmisuseaffectsatleasttwomillionpeopleannually,killingmorethan23,000.抗生素每年至少影響200萬人，導(dǎo)致至少23000人死亡。F項(xiàng)Undersuchcircumstances,limitingantibioticmisuseisamust.在這種情況下，限制抗生素的錯(cuò)誤使用是必須的。Undersuchcircumstances既是指上一句提到的抗生素的危害。故F項(xiàng)符合語境。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterchurch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileMamastarteddinner.FayeandIplayedintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped—itfeltgood.The____31____hadbeenbuildingsincedawn.ThenMamashoutedfromthehouse,“Merry,youandFayegetinside,realquicknow!”Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudof____32____,likethicksmokefromarailwayengine’schimney.Allthebirdsflewaway.“Faye,gowithMama!”Ishouted.“I’llwarnPapa.”Fayerantowardthehouse.ThestormhitsofastthatI____33____sawherclimbtheporch(門廊)steps.Inashorttime,thedayturnedintonight.I____34____forPapa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.Thedirtandsandstungmyfacelikeathousandbees.Ineededtogettoshelter.____35____myfacewithonehand,Imademywaytowardthecarandopenedthedoor.DirtflewinwithmeasIpulledthedoorclosed.Papawasstilloutthere!Ineededtohelphim____36____thecar.Isearchedthedashboard(儀表板)andfoundtheswitchforthefront____37____.Theymadesomerays,butwouldPapaseetheminthethick____38____?Ipushedthehornagainandagain,hopingPapawouldhearit.Suddenly,Papa’sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartjumpedwithsurpriseand____39____.Heopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hecoughedandwipedhiseyeswithdirtyhands,thenpulledmeintohisarms.“Oh,Merry,you’re____40____.”IhuggedPapaandcried.Icouldfeelthetearsstreamingdownmydirtycheeks.Papa____41____myface.“YourmotherandFaye?”Isaid,“Theyareinthehouse.”Papanodded,“Good.We’llwaitoutthestormthere.”Papashutoffthecar’slightsandIworriedthedirtwould____42____us.Finally,thewinddieddownandtheduststartedto____43____.Papakickedagainstthedoor,openingitfarenoughtoletusout.WewenthomeasMama____44____out.“Mama!”Ishoutedandranintoherarms.“Oh,mypreciousMerry!”Mamacried.“YouandPapaaresafe!”“I’msafethankstoMerry,”Papasaid.“Thecar’shornledmetoshelter.”“I’msoproudofyou.”Mamasaidtome.Icriedevenmorethen,tearsofjoybecauseourfamilyhad____45____t