Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld一輪復習知識點任務(wù)單-高中英語人教版

XBOOK1UNIT5主題語境人與自我一、單詞表1.hybrid

/?ha?br?d/n.雜交植(動)物;

合成物;

混合動力車2.devote

/d??v??t/vt.把…獻(給);

把…專用于;

專心于3.devote...to...

把…用于;

獻身;

致力;

專心4.shortage

/????t?d?/n.不足;缺少;

短缺5.tackle

/?t?kl/vt.解決(難題);

應(yīng)付(局面);

處理6.crisis

/?kra?s?s/n.危機;危急關(guān)頭

(復數(shù)

crises/?kra?si;z/)7.boost

/bu?st/vt.使增長;使興旺n.增長;

提高;

激勵8.yield

/ji?ld/n.產(chǎn)量;產(chǎn)出vt.出產(chǎn)(作物)vi.屈服;

讓步9.convince

/k?n?v?ns/vt.使相信;使確信;

說服10.characteristic

/?k?r?kt??r?st?k/n.特征;特點;

品質(zhì)adj.典型的11.attain

/??te?n/vt.獲得;

達到(某年齡、水平、狀況)12.conventional

/k?n?ven??nl/adj.傳統(tǒng)的;習慣的13.pollinate

/?p?l?ne?t/vt.授粉;傳粉14.assumption

/??s?mp?n/n.假定;(責任的)承擔;(權(quán)利的)獲得15.intense

/?n?tens/adj.熱切的;十分強烈的;

激烈的16.overe

/???v??k?m/(overcame,overe)vt.克服;

解決17.expand

/?k?sp?nd/v.擴大;增加;

擴展;

發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))18.output

/?a?tp?t/n.產(chǎn)量;輸出;

輸出量vt.(output,output)

輸出19.estimate

/?est?m?t/vt./n.估計;估價;

估算20.domestic

/d??mest?k/adj.本國的;國內(nèi)的;

家用的;

家庭的21.consumption

/k?n?s?mp?n/n.消耗;消耗量;

消費22prise

/k?m?pra?z/vt.包括;包含;

由…組成23.beprisedof...

包括;包含;

由…組成(或構(gòu)成)24.generate

/?d?en?re?t/vt.產(chǎn)生;引起25.strain

/stre?n/n.(動、植物的)系;

品種;

拉傷;

壓力26.leisure

/?n????(r)/n.

閑暇;休閑;

空閑27.deepdown

在內(nèi)心深處;本質(zhì)上;

實際上28.soil

/s??l/n.泥土;土壤;

國土;

領(lǐng)土29.celebrity

/s??lebr?ti/n.名望;名譽;

名人;

名流30.envision

/?n?v??n/vt.展望;想象31.sorghum

/?s??ɡ?m/n.高梁;高梁米32.broom

/bru?m/n.掃把;掃帚;

金雀花33.grain

/ɡre?n/n.谷物;谷粒;

顆粒34.vision

/?v??n/n.想象;視力;

視野;

影像35.reality

/ri??l?ti/n.現(xiàn)實;實際情況;

事實36.salty

/?s??lti/adj.含鹽的;咸的37.urban

/???b?n/adj.城市的;都市的;

城鎮(zhèn)的38.bomb

/b?m/n.炸彈v.轟炸;

對…投炸彈39.tunnel

/?t?nl/n.地下通道;地道;

隧道40.extension

/?k?sten?n/n.擴建部分;擴大;

分機41.chemical

/?kem?kl/adj.與化學有關(guān)的;化學的n.化學制品42.wheat

/wi?t/n.小麥;小麥籽43.flavor

/?fle?v?/n.味道;特點;

特色44.fertiliser

/?f??t?la?z?(r)/n.肥料45.nutritional

/nju?tr???nl/adj.營養(yǎng)(物)的46.nutritious

/nju?tr???s/adj.有營養(yǎng)的;營養(yǎng)豐富的47.nutrition

/nju?tr??n/n.營養(yǎng);滋養(yǎng)48.alleviate

/??li?vie?t/vt.減輕;緩解49.poverty

/?p?v?ti/n.貧窮;貧困50.organic

/???ɡ?n?k/adj.有機的;不使用化肥的;

有機物的51.pesticide

/?pest?sa?d/n.殺蟲劑;除害藥物52.widespread

/?wa?dspred/adj.分布廣的;普遍的;

廣泛的53.bacterium

/b?k?t??r??m/n.細菌

(復數(shù)：bacteria/b?k?t??ri?/)54.inturn

相應(yīng)地;轉(zhuǎn)而;

依次;

輪流55.digest

/da??d?est/vt.&vi.消化;領(lǐng)會;

領(lǐng)悟/?da?d?est/n.摘要;

文摘56.essential

/??sen?l/adj.完全必要的;極其重要的57.mineral

/?m?n?r?l/n.礦物;礦物質(zhì)58.alternative

/??l?t??n?t?v/n.可選擇事物adj.可替代的;

非傳統(tǒng)的59.grocery

/?ɡr??s?ri/n.食品雜貨店;(復數(shù))食品雜貨60.instance

/??nst?ns/n.例子;實例;

事例61.forinstance

例如;比如62.depth

/depθ/n.向下(或向里)的距離;

深(度)63.root

/ru?t/n.根;根莖;

根部;

根源64.entirely

/?n?ta??li/adv.全部地;完整地;

完全地65.aspect

/??spekt/n.方面;層面66.Vietnam

/?vjet?n?m/

越南(國家名)67.LED

(lightemittingdiode)

abbr.

發(fā)光二極管主題詞匯【話題詞匯】1.beneficialadj.有好處的2.refreshv.(使)精神振作3.harmfuladj.有傷害的4.tastyadj.味道好的5.reducevt.減少，縮減6.servevt.招待(顧客等)7.strengthenv.增強8.acuteadj.嚴重的9.allergicadj.過敏的10.appetiten.食欲，胃口11.bitteradj.苦的，有苦味的12.depressedadj.抑郁的13.digestvt.消化；領(lǐng)會14.diseasen.疾病15.nutritiousadj.營養(yǎng)的16.poisonousadj.有毒的【話題短語】1.bebeneficialto對……有益2.leadtowaterandsoilloss導致水土流失3.berich/abundantin富含……4.behigh/lowin含……高/低5.alleviatefoodshortage解決食物短缺6.keepecologicalenvironment保護生態(tài)平衡7.buildupone'sbody增強某人的體質(zhì)8.protectthenaturalbalanceoftheenvironment保護環(huán)境生態(tài)平衡9.keephealthybothphysicallyandmentally保持身心健康10.developahealthyeatinghabit養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習慣【話題佳句】Everysinglegrainonyourplateistheresultofhardwork.誰知盤中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。2.Itiswidelybelievedthatplentyoffreshaircontributestogoodhealth.人們通常認為足夠的新鮮空氣有助于健康。3.You'dbetterexerciseregularlyandhaveahealthydiet,whichisthemostimportantwaytohelpyoustayawayfromaninfection.你最好經(jīng)常鍛煉并健康飲食，這是幫你遠離感染最重要的方法。構(gòu)詞法1．________vt.專心于→_______adj.忠實的→________n．關(guān)愛2．________n.缺乏→_______adj.短的→_______vt./vi.縮短3．______vt.使信服→_______adj.信服的→_______adj.堅信的4．________vt.獲得→________adj.可得到的→________adj.做不到的→__________n.達到5._______n.慣例→________adj.傳統(tǒng)的→________adv.按照慣例→________adj.不依慣例的6．_________vt.假定→_________n．假定→_______conj.假設(shè)7．________n.&v.估計→_______adj.估計的；預計的；估算的8．________n.名人；名聲→________adj.著名的；有名望的9．______n.營養(yǎng)→______adj.營養(yǎng)的→_______adj.有營養(yǎng)的10．_____vt.&vi.消化→______n．消化→______adj.助消化的核心短語1．________________由……組成2．________________相應(yīng)地，轉(zhuǎn)而，一次，輪流3．________________完全沒有，遠不及4．________________致力于；獻身于5．________________例如，比如6．________________事實遠非如此7．________________在內(nèi)心深處8．________________利用9．________________抱怨10．________________想起；想象出(不尋常的事物)重點單詞用法1.devotevt.把……獻(給)；把……專用于；專心于(1)devote...to(doing)sth.把……獻給(做)某事devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于/獻身于/專心于(做)某事(2)devotedadj.摯愛的；忠實的；專用于……的bedevotedto(doing)sth.獻身于(做)某事(3)devotionn.深愛；奉獻；忠心①(2019·浙江卷)Istillrememberwhatyouhavedevotedto(improve)myoralEnglishandEnglishwriting.②(天津卷)Heisa(devote)fatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencouragedherwhenshewasintrouble.[2020·全國Ⅰ，書面表達]我最崇拜的人是我的英語老師，他致力于教學。③ThepersonIadmiremostismyEnglishteacher_____________________________________．(過去分詞短語作定語)④ThepersonIadmiremostismyEnglishteacher________________________________．(定語從句)2.convincevt.使相信；使確信；說服(1)convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事(2)convincedadj.確信的；深信的beconvincedof/that...確信……(3)convincingadj.有說服力的；令人信服的[2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達]I'mconvincedthatyouradvicewillcontributetoourgoodperformance,soIsincerelyhopeyoucanhelpus.→____________________________________________________，Isincerelyhopeyoucanhelpus.(用分詞作狀語升級)3.alternativen.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的(1)havenoalternativebuttodosth.別無選擇只好做某事analternativeto...……的替代物(to是介詞)alternativelyadv.可供選擇地4.assumptionn．假定，假設(shè)；(責任的)承擔；(權(quán)利的)獲得(1)ontheassumptionthat...假定……makeanassumption作出臆斷(2)assumev.假定；設(shè)想；承擔；假裝assumesb./sth.(tobe)＋adj./n.假定/認為某人/某事(為)……Itisgenerallyassumedthat...人們普遍認為……(3)assuming(that)...假設(shè)……人們認為，喝中國茶不僅可以提神，還可以增強我們的記憶力。________________notonlycandrinkingChinesetearefreshourselvesbutalsoitcanstrengthenourmemory.5.shortagen.不足；缺少；短缺(1)forshort作為簡稱；作為縮寫inshort簡單地說；總之(2)beshortof缺少……beshortin在……方面短(缺)的(3)shortenv.(使)變短；(使)縮短[詞塊]ashortageofwater水短缺ashortageoffood食物短缺(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.重點短語用法1.dependon依靠；依賴eq\a\vs4\al(1\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dependonsb.todo,sth.,dependonsb./sb.'s,doingsth.)))eq\a\vs4\al(依靠/指望某人做某事,)dependon/uponitthat...相信；指望That/Itdepends.那得看情況。(口語)①(2019·北京卷)Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,(depend)onthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton．②(浙江卷)Howmuchsleepyouneed(depend)alotonyourage.2.inturn相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；依次；輪流(1)inone'sturn輪到某人；接著(2)byturns 輪流；交替地(3)taketurnstodosth. 輪流做某事(4)Itisone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事(5)Itturns/turnedoutthat...結(jié)果是……①[2020·天津，書面表達]過去是我們的父母和老師在很多方面幫助了我們，反過來，我們應(yīng)該從現(xiàn)在開始幫助他們。Inthepast,itwasourparentsandteachersthathelpedusinmanyaspectsand__________________________________fromnowon.②[2020·新高考Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫]結(jié)果爆米花很快售光，孩子們的努力取得了回報。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．beprisedof包括；包含；由……組成(或構(gòu)成)prisev．組成；構(gòu)成；包括；包含“由……構(gòu)成的”詞組：consistof(無被動語態(tài)),beposedof，makeup,bemadeupof,beformedof【佳句背誦】Lifeisprisedofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.生活不僅有陽光，而且還有風雨。重點句型用法1.句型公式：what引導主語從句①[2021·新高考卷Ⅰ語法填空]________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheoutofthisworldscenes.[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句②老師的話讓我想起了“有志者，事竟成”這句著名的諺語。__________________________________thefamoussaying,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”③[2018·北京卷]這就是父親教給我的——永遠面對困難并寄予最大的希望。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________高考能力同步化——單句語法填空1．[2020·全國卷Ⅱ]ThefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynis________(expand)thefashionmarket.2．[2020·江蘇高考]Hesaidthatoneoftheboxes________(generate)around$13,500inrevenue(收入)amonthandcostonlyabout$400torent.3．[2020·江蘇高考]Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s,allowingforanewgenerationofvirtual________(real)．4．[2020·全國卷Ⅱ]Hesaysit'snoteasy________(convince)peoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.5．[2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]Ac