山東省聊城市2022-2023學年高三下學期第二次模擬考試英語試題(解析版)

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省聊城市2022-2023學年高三下學期第二次模擬考試英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhetherweliveinanurbanstudio,oramodest-sizehomefilledwithpeople,spaceinourhomescanbehardtocomeby.Evenwithoutalotofstuff,keepingeverythingorganizedpresentsachallenge.Tomakethemostofthespaceyouhave,incorporatethesecleverideasthatmayhelp.Doubleup.Considermultipurposeforeverypieceoffurniture.Buyingacoffeetable?Getonewithstoragedrawersbeneath,orusealargebaskettoppedwithaprettyservingtrayinstead.Ifyouneedabench,chooseonethatincludesunder-seatstoragefor,say,somemagazines.Gethigh.Alwaysconsidervertical(32HJ)space.Shelveshighonwallscanstorebooks,photoalbumsorholidaydecorations.Hanginghooksforpotsandpanscangiveyoubackwholekitchencabinets,andhooksonwallsprovideaspotforjackets,beltsorkeys.Shadowboxesonbathroomwallscanhouseprettyperfumebottles,lotionsandtoiletries.Sinkabasket.Basketscanhelporganizeeveryareaofyourhome.Youcantosshardwaretools,allthekids’toysorseveralpairsofsandalsinlargebaskets.Sticksmallcontainersinkitchendrawerstokeeppens,rubberbands,stickersandmagnifyingglassorganized.Topdrawer.Asetofdrawersbeneathstairscanmakeuseofotherwise-wastedfloorspaceespeciallyforarticlesnot,sooftenused.DIYLifeoffersinstructionsforthreewaysofaddingunder-stairstorage.Getthematnaturalhomeand/smart-storage.1.Whatisthepurposeof“doubleup”?A.Tomakeuseofspaceonthewall. B.Toleavemorespaceonthefloor.C.Tokeepsmallarticlesindrawers. D.Togeneratemorefunctionsoffurniture.2.Whichcanbeagoodsolutiontostoringrarely-useditems?A.Doubleup. B.Gethigh. C.Sinkabasket. D.Topdrawer.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Anadvertisement.C.Anewsreport. D.Atourguidebook.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些充分利用空間的辦法?！即鸢浮?.D2.D3.A1．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Considermultipurposeforeverypieceoffurniture.Buyingacoffeetable?Getonewithstoragedrawersbeneath,orusealargebaskettoppedwithaprettyservingtrayinstead.Ifyouneedabench,chooseonethatincludesunder-seatstoragefor,say,somemagazines.(考慮多用途的每一件家具。買一張咖啡桌？買一個下面有儲物抽屜的，或者用一個大籃子，上面放一個漂亮的盤子。如果你需要一個長凳，那就選一個座位下面有儲物空間的，比如說，放一些雜志)”可知，“doubleup”的目的是讓家具產(chǎn)生出更多功能。故選D。2．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asetofdrawersbeneathstairscanmakeuseofotherwise-wastedfloorspaceespeciallyforarticlesnot,sooftenused.(樓梯下面的一組抽屜可以利用原本浪費的地板空間，尤其是用來放不經(jīng)常使用的物品)”可知，儲存很少使用的物品的好方法是“頂層抽屜”。故選D。3．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whetherweliveinanurbanstudio,oramodest-sizehomefilledwithpeople,spaceinourhomescanbehardtocomeby.Evenwithoutalotofstuff,keepingeverythingorganizedpresentsachallenge.Tomakethemostofthespaceyouhave,incorporatethesecleverideasthatmayhelp.(無論我們是住在城市的工作室里，還是住在一個擠滿了人的中等大小的家里，我們家里的空間都很難獲得。即使沒有很多東西，保持一切井井有條也是一項挑戰(zhàn)。為了充分利用你所擁有的空間，結合這些聰明的想法可能會有所幫助)”以及最后一段“Getthematnaturalhomeand/smart-storage.(可以在naturalhome和/smart-storage上購買)”可推知，文章選自雜志。故選A。BAnimportantlifelessonthatI’vedrawnfromrunningistorunatmyownpace.Ithasguidedmeinmanyways.Inparticular,itmademechallengethefixedexpectationsofretirementandaging.Runningisametaphor(隱喻)forlife.Irealizedthiswhiletrainingforamarathontocelebratemy60thbirthday.Alltheotherrunnersbeingfasterthanmemademeembarrassed.Butmycoachsharedsomevaluableadvice;runatyourownbestpace.Settingagoalortargettimecouldbealimitation.Hewasright.Overtime,Iranmoreeasilyandfaster.Ialsoenjoyedtheexperiencemuchmore.Ihaveappliedthisprincipletootherareasofmylife.FindingarhythmisnotaboutefficiencyorhowmanythingsIcangetdoneinaday.IthasmoretodowithwhatIdecidetodoatthisstageinmylife.Runningcarriesitsownsetofexpectations,includingwhatitmeanstobeastrongrunner.Butexpectationsalsoextendtootherareasoflife,includingwhatpeopleatcertainlifestagesshouldbedoingornotdoing.Expectationsatmyagecancenteronhowleisuretimeisspent,decisionsaboutemployment,andeventheroleofagrandmother.Iusedtothinkitwasyoungpeoplewhoborepeerpressure,butit’seasytoviewretirementasanotheroccupationwithbenchmarks(基準)tobemet.Weoftenmakewhatsomeoneelsedoesthereferencepoint.It’sacomparisontrap.Forgetwhatothersaredoing.Theirpaceisnotnecessarilythepaceyoushouldrunat.Runinyourownway.It’snotbetterorworse—onlydifferent.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellinparagraph2?A.Theoriginofalifeprinciple. B.Hermisunderstandingofrunning.C.Theimportanceoflifeexpectations. D.Herunpleasanttrainingexperience.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutlifeexpectations?A.Theyarevitalforretiredpeople. B.Theyvaryatdifferentlifestages.C.Theycovereverydecisioninlife. D.Theyareusuallytoohightofulfill.6.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A.Youngpeopleoftencompetewitholdpeople. B.Retiredpeopletakeupbadoccupations.C.Retiredpeoplearealsounderpeerpressure. D.Acomparisontrapmakesyoungpeoplestronger.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthormainlywanttoconvey?A.Retirementcan’tstopoldpeople’sdreams.B.Peopleshouldlivelifetothefullest.C.Peopleshouldliveattheirownspeed.D.Runningatafixedpaceisbeneficialtoretiredpeople.【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了作者認為每個人的人生應該有自己的節(jié)奏，而不是按照別人的期望生活?！即鸢浮?.A5.B6.C7.C4．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Runningisametaphor(隱喻)forlife.Irealizedthiswhiletrainingforamarathontocelebratemy60thbirthday.Alltheotherrunnersbeingfasterthanmemademeembarrassed.Butmycoachsharedsomevaluableadvice;runatyourownbestpace.Settingagoalortargettimecouldbealimitation.Hewasright.Overtime,Iranmoreeasilyandfaster.Ialsoenjoyedtheexperiencemuchmore.(跑步是人生的一種隱喻。我是在為慶祝我60歲生日的馬拉松訓練時意識到這一點的。所有其他跑者都比我快，這讓我很尷尬。但我的教練分享了一些有價值的建議；以你自己最好的速度跑。設定目標或目標時間可能是一種限制。他是對的。隨著時間的推移，我跑得更輕松、更快了。我也更喜歡這段經(jīng)歷)”可知，作者在第2段想說生命原理的起源。故選A。5．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Runningcarriesitsownsetofexpectations,includingwhatitmeanstobeastrongrunner.Butexpectationsalsoextendtootherareasoflife,includingwhatpeopleatcertainlifestagesshouldbedoingornotdoing.Expectationsatmyagecancenteronhowleisuretimeisspent,decisionsaboutemployment,andeventheroleofagrandmother.(跑步有它自己的一套期望，包括成為一名強壯的跑步者意味著什么。但期望也延伸到生活的其他領域，包括人們在某些生命階段應該做什么或不應該做什么。在我這個年紀，人們的期望可能集中在如何度過閑暇時間、決定就業(yè)，甚至是扮演祖母的角色)”可知，作者認為生活期望在不同的人生階段有所不同。故選B。6．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Iusedtothinkitwasyoungpeoplewhoborepeerpressure,butit’seasytoviewretirementasanotheroccupationwithbenchmarks(基準)tobemet.(我過去認為是年輕人承受著同輩壓力，但很容易把退休看作是另一種需要達到標準的職業(yè))”可推知，退休人員也面臨同輩壓力。故選C。7．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forgetwhatothersaredoing.Theirpaceisnotnecessarilythepaceyoushouldrunat.Runinyourownway.It’snotbetterorworse—onlydifferent.(忘記別人在做什么。他們的速度不一定是你應該跑的速度。用你自己的方式奔跑。沒有好壞之分，只是不同而已)”可推知，作者主要想傳達的信息是人們應該按照自己的節(jié)奏生活。故選C。CToday,batterypowerperkilowatthourcostsaroundonlytenpercentofwhatitdidadecadeago.Andtheexpectationisthatthecostswillcontinuetofall,becausebatterychemistryimprovesandmanufacturing(批量生產(chǎn))lotsofbatteriesonamassivescalemakestheproductionofindividualbatteriescheaper.Youcanbeforgivenforthinkingthatthismightonlybeofinteresttoaccountants,butthepossibleeffectsofthisareenormous,andwillbenefitallofus.Firstandmostobviously,ithasmadethebatteriesinelectriccarscheaperandlonger-lasting.Andbrilliantly,becauseelectricbatteriesareimprovingsodramatically,wecanalreadyseetheresults.LastSeptember,15percentofall-newvehicleregistrationswerepureelectricvehicles.Sothechangeisstartingtohappen.Betterbatteriesdoesnotjustmeanbettercarshowever.Theycanalsohelpusdecarbonisetheentirenationalgrid(輸電網(wǎng)).Storingenergyhasalwaysbeenaproblemforthegrid.Today,onlyatinyamountofgeneratedelectricityisstoredforlateruse,whichleadstolotsofpowergoingtowaste.Butbetterbatteriesmakeittechnologicallyandeconomicallyviabletostorelargeamountsofenergyfromthegrid.It’spossiblethatinthenot-too-distantfuture,wemighthaveanenormousbatteryinthegarage.Itwouldtakepowerfromthegrid(ormaybeevensolarpanelsontheroof),andpowerappliancesandlightsinourhomesatthetimeswhendemandforelectricityishigh.Homebatteriesarenotyetasestablishedaselectriccars?but-theyarealsogrowinginpopularity.So,givenhowmuchtechnologyhasimprovedbatteriesoverthelastdecade,Ican’thelpbutbestrangelyoptimisticaboutthefuture.Batteriesmaynotbeasflashy(華麗的)asphones,rocketsorothernewtechnologies.Butwhenitcomestotechnologytofightclimatechange,they’redefinitelyleadingthecharge.8.Whatcontributestothepopularityofelectriccars?A.Theproductionofindividualbatteries.B.Thelongerdurationandlesscostofbatteries.C.Accountants’interestincheaperbatteries.D.Theincreasingvehicleregistrations.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viable”meaninparagraph3?A.Cheaper. B.Dramatic. C.Workable. D.Exceptional.10.Whatdoestheauthorexpectofbatteries?A.Theywillbecomesmaller.B.Theywillhelpmaketheworldgreener.C.Theywillsellbetterthanphones.D.Theywillreplacechargersonaloistrip.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HomeBatteriesWillCatchOn-B.BatteriesAreGettingBetterandBetterC.BatteryTechnologyNeedsImprovingUrgentlyD.Petrol-poweredCarsWillBeUpgraded【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明電池技術的發(fā)展讓電池價格越來越低并且存儲量越來越大，這能讓更多人受益。電池技術還有助于整個國家電網(wǎng)的脫碳，使大量儲存電能具有可行性，從而促進家用電池的流行。最后作者樂觀展望電池的未來?！即鸢浮?.B9.C10.B11.B8．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Firstandmostobviously,ithadmadethebatteriesinelectriccarscheaperandlonger-lasting.Andbrilliantly,becauseelectricbatteriesareimprovingsodramatically,wecanalreadyseetheresults.LastSeptember,15percentofallnewvehicleregistrationswerepureelectricvehicles.(首先也是最明顯的是，它使電動汽車中的電池更便宜、更耐用。而且非常出色的是，由于電池正在大幅改善，我們已經(jīng)可以看到結果。去年9月，所有新車登記中有15%是純電動汽車)”可知，電動汽車的電池變得更便宜且更耐用，所以現(xiàn)在電動汽車跑得更遠，其實用性更強，因此電動汽車注冊用戶開始增加。故選B。9．〖解析〗詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Storingenergyhasalwaysbeenaproblemforthegrid.(儲存能量一直是電網(wǎng)的難題)”及“Butbetterbatteriesmakeittechnologicallyandeconomicallyviabletostorelargeamountsofenergyfromthegrid.(但更好的電池使得從電網(wǎng)存儲大量能量在技術和經(jīng)濟上都是……。)”中的“But”可知，更好的電池可以解決當前只有少量的發(fā)電被儲存的問題。由此可知，畫線詞意為“可行的，行得通的”。故選C。10．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theycanalsohelpusdecarbonisetheentirenationalgrid.(它們還可以幫助我們實現(xiàn)整個國家電網(wǎng)的脫碳)”和最后一段中的“Batteriesmaynotbeasflashy(華麗的)asphones,rocketsorothernewtechnologies,butwhenitcomestotechnologytofightclimatechange,they’redefinitelyleadingthecharge.(電池可能不像手機、火箭或其他新技術那樣華麗，但在應對氣候變化的技術方面，它們絕對是領先的)”可知，作者認為電池技術能幫助減少碳排放，能有力地幫助解決全球氣候問題，即可以讓世界更環(huán)保。故選B。11．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Firstandmostobviously,ithadmadethebatteriesinelectriccarscheaperandlonger-lasting.(首先也是最明顯的是，它使電動汽車中的電池更便宜、更持久)”，第三段中的“Theycanalsohelpusdecarbonisetheentirenationalgrid.(它們還可以幫助我們實現(xiàn)整個國家電網(wǎng)的脫碳)”和第四段中的“Thiswouldtakepowerfromthegrid(ormaybeevensolarpanelsontheroof),andpowerappliancesandlightsinourhomesatthetimeswhendemandforelectricityishigh.Homebatteriesarenotyetasestablishedaselectriccars,buttheyarealsogrowinginpopularity.(這將從電網(wǎng)（甚至屋頂上的太陽能電池板）獲取電力，并在電力需求高的時候為我們家中的電器和燈供電。家用電池還沒有像電動汽車那樣成熟，但它們也越來越受歡迎)”可知，作者一直在強調電池變得更好、更受歡迎，從而也讓更多人受益;再根據(jù)最后一段中的“So,givenhowmuchtechnologyhasimprovedbatteriesoverthelastdecade,Ican’thelpbutbestrangelyoptimisticaboutthefuture.(因此，考慮到過去十年中技術對電池的改進程度，我不禁對未來感到異常樂觀)”可知，作者對電池的前景充滿樂觀與希望。故B項“電池越來越好”適合作本文標題。故選B。DResearchershaverecentlydiscoveredthatgutbacteria(腸道細菌)thatgrowwithinourbodyhelpsthebrainbuildimportantsocialskills.AccordingtoapaperpublishedinPLOSBiologyinNovember,zebrafishwereusedasresearchsubjectstotesthowalackofbacteriacouldaffectsocialskills.Zebrafisharesocialanimalsaseven2-week-oldfishstarttohangoutingroupsoffourtotwelve.Theexperimentstartedwithmakingagroupoffish“bacteria-free”throughtheirdiet.Theothergroupwereinjectedwithahealthymixofgutbacteriaaftertheywerehatched.About15dayslater,thesecondgroupbeganswimmingingroupswhilethe“bacteria-free”group“shockingly,didn’t,”JudithEisen,aco-authorofthenewresearch,saidtoQuantaMagazine.Theteamthenexaminedthefish’sbrains,discoveringobviousdifferencesbetweenthetwogroups.Theoneswholackedthegutbacteriahadmoreinterconnectionsamongtheneurons(神經(jīng)元)intheirbrainsinchargeofsocialbehavior,andsocialneuronswereseentohaveovergrown.Thismadethefishmorecautiousinsocialsituations.Scientistssaidthatthebacteriamightreleaseaspecialchemicalthatcrossesthebloodbrainbarriertoreachthebraindirectly.Althoughtheexperimentswereonlyonfish,thefindingscantheoreticallybeappliedtohumans.Theteamwishestoexplorehowgutbacteriaaffectsthehumanbraininthefuture,whichmayleadtosolutionstomentalhealthproblems.Perhapsmanypeoplewhoclaimthattheyhave“socialphobia(社交恐懼癥)”canblametheirguts.However,socialphobia,orsocialanxietydisorder,canbeaseriousillnessifoverlooked.AccordingtotheNationalHealthServiceintheUKitismorethanshynessbutinsteadaconstantfearofsocialsituations.Patientsmayexperiencepanicattackswhichareanoverwhelmingfearandanxietythatlastforafewminutes.12.Whatdoestheresearchfocuson?A.Thegrowthofgutbacteria.B.Thewayzebrafishbuildsocialskills.C.Theinfluencingfactorsofsocialbehavior.D.Thelinkbetweengutbacteriaandsocialbehavior.13.Whatwasfoundintheexperiment?A.Thetwogroupsofzebrafishbecamedifferentinsize.B.Thebacteria-freezebrafishswamingroups.C.Thezebrafishinjectedwithgutbacteriawerequieter.D.Thezebrafishwithgutbacteriaswamingroups.14.Howdoscientistsfeelabouttheirfindings?A.Positive. B.Disappointed. C.Doubtful. D.Concerned.15.Whichistrueabout“socialphobia”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itwillresultingutproblems. B.Itisasevereillness.C.Itmaycausepanic. D.Itisallaboutshyness.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我們體內生長的腸道細菌有助于大腦建立重要的社交技能。〖答案〗12.D13.D14.A15.C12．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AccordingtoapaperpublishedinPLOSBiologyinNovember,zebrafishwereusedasresearchsubjectstotesthowalackofbacteriacouldaffectsocialskills.(根據(jù)11月發(fā)表在《公共科學圖書館·生物學》（PLOSBiology）上的一篇論文，研究人員以斑馬魚為研究對象，來測試缺乏細菌如何影響社交技能)”可知，這項研究的重點是腸道細菌和社會行為之間的聯(lián)系。故選D。13．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“About15dayslater,thesecondgroupbeganswimmingingroupswhilethe“bacteria-free”group“shockingly,didn’t,”JudithEisen,aco-authorofthenewresearch,saidtoQuantaMagazine.(大約15天后，第二組開始成群游泳，而“無菌”組“令人震驚的是，沒有”，新研究的合著者朱迪思·艾森對《廣達雜志》說)”可知，帶有腸道細菌的斑馬魚成群游動。故選D。14．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Althoughtheexperimentswereonlyonfish,thefindingscantheoreticallybeappliedtohumans.(雖然這些實驗只是在魚身上進行的，但是這些發(fā)現(xiàn)在理論上可以應用到人類身上)”可推知，科學家們對這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)是持積極態(tài)度的，故選A。15．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Patientsmayexperiencepanicattackswhichareanoverwhelmingfearandanxietythatlastforafewminutes.(患者可能會經(jīng)歷驚恐發(fā)作，這是一個壓倒性的恐懼和焦慮，持續(xù)幾分鐘)”可知，“社交恐懼癥”可能會引起患者驚恐，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Bruceisamanagerwhohadateamofaround40people.Mostofthemwerebright,enthusiastic,andhardworkingyoungfellows.Thishelpstopromotetheirindependence.___16___Butasateam,theyarenotsogood,whichiscrucialfortheorganization.___17___Heinvitedeveryonetoahallforagameconsistingof3rounds.Forthefirstround,hetoldeveryonetoblowaballoonkeptonthetableandthenwritetheirnameonitwithoutburstingit,andeachofthemdidit.Thentheytookabreakoutsideforthesecondround.Soonafterhecalledthembackin,withmoreballoonsscatteredaroundwithoutnamesonthem.Hedeclaredthattheyhad15minutestofindtheballoonwiththeirnamewrittenonit.___18___Forthenextround,Brucetoldthemifanyteammemberfoundaballoonwithanameonit,heorshehadtogiveittotheownerofthename.Allstartedsearching,andwithinacoupleofminuteseveryonehadtheirownballoonwiththeirnameonit.Brucewenttothedaisandsaid,“Yousee,inthesecondround,noonewasabletofindtheirballoonsastheywereworkingonindividualtargets.Butinthefinalround.withinacoupleofminutes,everyonehadtheballoonwiththem.___19___”Mostofthetime,peoplehideinformation,avoidcollaboration,anddistancethemselvesfromtheirteammembers.___20___Anditalso,inthelongrun,affectstheindividual.So,everyoneintheteamshouldshareandworkeffectivelyforgreaterambitionfortheteam.A.Consequently,noonegottheirballoons.B.However,hefoundhewasnotsuccessful.C.That’sthepowerofteamworkandsharing.D.Soheconsideredtakinghisgrouponatrip.E.Individually,everyoneontheteamisoutstanding.F.Thissortofmindsetformsobstaclesforteamgrowth.G.Hedecidedtoaddresstheissuebylaunchingateamactivity.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了Bruce的團隊每個人都很出色，但是作為一個團隊不是很好，于是他發(fā)起了一個團隊活動來解決這個問題?！即鸢浮?6.E17.G18.A19.C20.F16．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Bruceisamanagerwhohadateamofaround40people.Mostofthemwerebright,enthusiastic,andhardworkingyoungfellows.Thishelpstopromotetheirindependence.(布魯斯是一名經(jīng)理，他有一個大約40人的團隊。他們大多數(shù)都是聰明、熱情、勤奮的年輕人。這有助于促進他們的獨立性)”以及后文“Butasateam,theyarenotsogood,whichiscrucialfortheorganization.(但作為一個團隊，他們不是很好，這對組織至關重要)”可知，后文提到作為團隊不是很好，but表示轉折，說明作為個人很出色，故E選項“就個人而言，團隊中的每個人都很出色”符合語境，故選E。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)后文“Heinvitedeveryonetoahallforagameconsistingof3rounds.Forthefirstround,hetoldeveryonetoblowaballoonkeptonthetableandthenwritetheirnameonitwithoutburstingit,andeachofthemdidit.Thentheytookabreakoutsideforthesecondround.Soonafterhecalledthembackin,withmoreballoonsscatteredaroundwithoutnamesonthem.Hedeclaredthattheyhad15minutestofindtheballoonwiththeirnamewrittenonit.(他邀請大家到大廳里玩三回合的游戲。在第一輪比賽中，他讓每個人吹一個放在桌上的氣球，然后在上面寫下自己的名字，但不要把它吹破，每個人都做到了。然后他們在外面休息，進行第二輪比賽。沒過多久，他就把他們叫了回來，還帶著更多沒有名字的氣球四處散落。他宣布他們有15分鐘的時間找到寫著他們名字的氣球)”可知，后文主要說明了Bruce通過做游戲來解決團隊表現(xiàn)不好的問題。故G選項“他決定發(fā)起一個團隊活動來解決這個問題”符合語境，故選G。18．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Soonafterhecalledthembackin,withmoreballoonsscatteredaroundwithoutnamesonthem.Hedeclaredthattheyhad15minutestofindtheballoonwiththeirnamewrittenonit.(沒過多久，他就把他們叫了回來，還帶著更多沒有名字的氣球四處散落。他宣布他們有15分鐘的時間找到寫著他們名字的氣球)”可知，上文提到帶來了更多的沒有名字的氣球，且本句與上文構成因果關系，指出沒人找到自己的氣球。故A選項“因此，沒有人得到他們的氣球”符合語境，故選A。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Brucewenttothedaisandsaid,“Yousee,inthesecondround,noonewasabletofindtheirballoonsastheywereworkingonindividualtargets.Butinthefinalround.withinacoupleofminutes,everyonehadtheballoonwiththem.(布魯斯走到講臺前說：“你看，在第二輪比賽中，沒有人能找到他們的氣球，因為他們都在各自的目標上工作。但在最后一輪。幾分鐘后，每個人都帶著氣球)”可知，本段中Bruce主要在總結游戲的結果，上文提到最后一輪每個人都有氣球，這論證了團隊合作和分享的力量。故C選項“這就是團隊合作和分享的力量”符合語境，故選C。20．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Mostofthetime,peoplehideinformation,avoidcollaboration,anddistancethemselvesfromtheirteammembers.(大多數(shù)時候，人們會隱藏信息，避免合作，并與團隊成員保持距離)”可知，本句承接上文說明人們隱藏信息，避免合作，并與團隊成員保持距離這種心態(tài)的影響：阻礙了團隊的成長。故F選項“這種心態(tài)阻礙了團隊的成長”符合語境，故選F。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的ABCD四個選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。MygrandpaKenis86andhasbeenfaithfullymarriedtomygrandmafor60years.Butnowhismemoryis____21____andhe’sreallystartingtoslowdown.Yesterday,heaskedmetotakehimtothe____22____becausehewantedtogetoutofthehouse.Iwas____23____heaskedbecauseheshouldn’tbedrivingbyhimself.Itwouldalso____24____grandmatohavethe____25____toherselfforawhile,nothavingtoworryaboutgrandpaforafewhours.Iwatchedhim,cane(拐杖)inhand,takingthetiniest____26____allaroundsearchingthroughtheshelves.Ihadnoideawhathewas____27____;but,asIobservedeachitemheputinthecart,Inoticedastriking____28____.Theyweresomeofmygrandma’s____29____things.Hegotthetypeofsodasheliked.He____30____pickedoutabagofseedlessgrapesshehadtalkedaboutseveraldaysago.Heeven____31____herasmalllemonpie!Andthen,____32____filledmyeyesasIwatchedhimhobble(蹣跚)overtothefresh____33____andpickherthebouquetthathadthemostpurple,herfavoritecolor.Onourwayhome,he____34____westopandgrabasandwichtotakehomeforgrandma’slunch.MaywealltakealessonfromgrandpaKen.Neverstop____35____forourlovedones.21.A.changing B.improving C.slipping D.opening22.A.bakery B.supermarket C.park D.restaurant23.A.grateful B.nervous C.honored D.annoyed24.A.require B.inspire C.remind D.benefit25.A.kitchen B.garden C.house D.neighborhood26.A.glances B.steps C.tools D.bags27.A.after B.beyond C.against D.through28.A.idea B.proof C.sense D.feature29.A.everyday B.valuable C.specific D.favorite30.A.quickly B.carefully C.curiously D.randomly31.A.baked B.chose C.ordered D.wrapped32.A.tears B.doubts C.surprises D.joys33.A.vegetables B.bread C.flowers D.seafood34.A.desired B.commanded C.advocated D.insisted35.A.caring B.longing C.waiting D.standing【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者帶著記憶力不好的祖父去超市，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)祖父在超市里選的都是祖母愛吃的東西，祖父的行為教會了作者：永遠不要停止關心我們所愛的人。〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.D30.B31.B32.A33.C34.D35.A21．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在他的記憶力開始衰退，他真的開始慢下來了。A.changing改變；B.improving改善；C.slipping滑動，（健康狀況）變壞；D.opening打開。根據(jù)后文“he’sreallystartingtoslowdown”可知，祖父的記憶力變差了，不得不慢下來。故選C。22．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：昨天，他讓我?guī)コ?，因為他想離開家。A.bakery面包房；B.supermarket超市；C.park公園；D.restaurant餐廳。根據(jù)后文“Iobservedeachitemheputinthecart”可知，作者帶祖父去了超市。故選B。23．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激他的提問，因為他不應該自己開車。A.grateful感激的；B.nervous緊張的；C.honored光榮的；D.annoyed生氣的。根據(jù)后文“becauseheshouldn’tbedrivingbyhimself”可知，祖父不能開車，作者感激他問了自己，避免了發(fā)生危險。故選A。24．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：祖母一個人在家里呆上一段時間也會有好處，因為她有幾個小時不用擔心爺爺。A.require要求；B.inspire鼓舞；C.remind提醒；D.benefit有益處。根據(jù)后文“nothavingtoworryaboutgrandpaforafewhours”可知，祖父外出對祖母也有好處，因為她不必擔心他了。故選D。25．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：祖母一個人在家里呆上一段時間也會有好處，因為她有幾個小時不用擔心爺爺。A.kitchen廚房；B.garden花園；C.house房子；D.neighborhood鄰居。根據(jù)上文“hewantedtogetoutofthehouse”可知，祖父和作者外出了，祖母可以一個人在家待會兒。故選C。26．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看著他，手里拿著拐杖，躡手躡腳地在貨架上搜尋。A.glances瞥見；B.steps步子；C.tools工具；D.bags包。根據(jù)上文“Iwatchedhim,caneinhand,takingthetiniest”可知，祖父拿著拐杖，說明祖父腿腳不方便，躡手躡腳地。故選B。27．〖解析〗考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道他在找什么；但是，當我觀察他放進購物車的每一件東西時，我注意到一個引人注目的特點。A.after尋找，在后面；B.beyond超過；C.against反對；D.through通過。呼應上文“searchingthroughtheshelves”指祖父在尋找東西，故選A。28．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道他在找什么；但是，當我觀察他放進購物車的每一件東西時，我注意到一個引人注目的特點。A.idea想法；B.proof證據(jù)；C.sense感覺；D.feature特點。后文提到祖父拿的東西都是祖母愛吃的，所以是注意到了這些東西的一個共同特點。故選D。29．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們是我祖母最喜歡的東西。A.everyday每天的；B.valuable有價值的；C.specific特定的；D.favorite最喜歡的。根據(jù)后文“Hegotthetypeofsodasheliked.(他買了她喜歡的汽水)”可知，祖父拿的都是祖母最喜歡的東西。故選D。30．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他仔細地挑出她幾天前說過的一袋無籽葡萄。A.quickly快速地；B.carefully仔細地；C.curiously好奇地；D.randomly隨機地。祖父在給祖母買她喜歡吃的東西，所以是仔細挑選。故選B。31．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他甚至給她選了一個小檸檬派！A.baked烘焙；B.chose選擇；C.ordered命令；D.wrapped包裹。根據(jù)后文“herasmalllemonpie”可知，祖父為祖母選了一個檸檬派。故選B。32．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我熱淚盈眶，看著他一瘸一拐地走到鮮花前，為她摘了一束最紫的花，那是她最喜歡的顏色。A.tears眼淚；B.doubts懷疑；C.surprises驚喜；D.joys快樂。根據(jù)后文“filledmyeyes”指作者為祖父的行為感動，熱淚盈眶。故選A。33．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我熱淚盈眶，看著他一瘸一拐地走到鮮花前，為她摘了一束最紫的花，那是她最喜歡的顏色。A.vegetables蔬菜；B.bread面包；C.flowers花卉；D.seafood海鮮。根據(jù)后文“pickherthebouquetthathadthemostpurple”可知，祖父為祖母挑選了鮮花。故選C。34．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在回家的路上，他堅持要我們停下來買個三明治帶回家給奶奶做午餐。A.desired渴望；B.commanded命令；C.advocated提倡；D.insisted堅持。根據(jù)后文“westopandgrabasandwichtotakehomeforgrandma’slunch”可知，在回家的路上，祖父堅持停下來買個三明治帶回家給奶奶做午餐。故選D。35．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：永遠不要停止關心我們所愛的人。A.caring關心；B.longing渴望；C.waiting寫；D.standing站立。根據(jù)后文“forourlovedones”再結合上文祖父的行為可知，永遠不要停止關心我們所愛的人。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填人1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式The53-year-oldcraftswomanJiYulan,aninheritoroftheintangibleheritageofpaper-cuttingfromtheXinjiangUygurautonomousregion,___36___(engage)herselfintheartforover40years.Shemadepaper-cutsofpeoplefromother___37___(walk)oflife.“Thepaper-cuttingartcomesfromthefolkanditshouldreturntothepeople,”Jisaid.Shecreated___38___paper-cuttingworknamedTheAngelinHarm’sWaytoshowtheimageofanursewhohasherlonghairbackaftercuttingittobetterfitintotheprotectivesuitwhilefightinginthefrontlineagainsttheepidemic.Jiwas___39___(deep)impressedbythefemalemedicalworkers___40___(wear)masksandprotectivehats.“Womenare___41___(charm)inlonghairandittakesalotofcouragetocutit,”shesaid.Jihas12students,___42___(age)from3to23.“Theydiscoveredtheirinterestinpaper-cuttingandcametome___43___(learn)it,”shesaid,addingthatsheoftenencouragesherstudentstocreateworksbased___44___reality.“Youngergenerationshavearealsenseofculturalheritage,andthat’s___45___Iamincrediblyoptimisticaboutthefutureofthecraft.”【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了現(xiàn)年五十三歲的姬玉蘭繼承了新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)的非物質文化遺產(chǎn)，從事剪紙藝術已逾四十年。〖答案〗36.hasengaged\hasbeenengaging37.walks38.a39.deeply40.wearing41.charming42.aged43.tolearn44.on45.why36．〖解析〗考查時態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)年五十三歲的姬玉蘭繼承了新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)的非物質文化遺產(chǎn)，從事剪紙藝術已逾四十年。此處在句中作謂語，由forover40years和句意可知，句子既可以用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示從過去到現(xiàn)在一直從事剪紙藝術，也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示從事剪紙藝術從過去開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，強調動作的持續(xù)性，主語是JiYulan，助動詞應用has，故填hasengaged/hasbeenengaging。37．〖解析〗考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：她給不同階層的人剪紙。walkoflife意為“階層”，由other可知，walk應用復數(shù)，故填walks。38．〖解析〗考查冠詞。句意：她創(chuàng)作了一幅剪紙作品，名為《傷害之路上的天使》，展示了一個護士的形象，這個護士剪完長發(fā)后，把頭發(fā)向后梳，以便更好地穿上防護服，同時在抗擊疫情的第一線作戰(zhàn)。此處表示“一幅剪紙作品”，應用不定冠詞來修飾，表示泛指，且paper-cutting發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，應用a，故填a。39．〖解析〗考查副詞。句意：姬對戴著口罩和防護帽的女醫(yī)護人員印象深刻。此處應用副詞deeply修飾謂語wasimpressed，故填deeply。40．〖解析〗考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：姬對戴著口罩和防護帽的女醫(yī)護人員印象深刻。此處應用非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾workers，且動詞wear和workers是主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，故填wearing。41．〖解析〗考查形容詞。句意：“留長發(fā)的女人很迷人，剪短頭發(fā)需要很大的勇氣，”她說。此處應用形容詞charming作表語，表示“迷人的”，故填charming。42．〖解析〗考查形容詞。句意：姬有12名學生，年齡從3歲到23歲不等。此處應用形容詞aged，連同后面from3to23，一起作后置定語，修飾12students，表示“歲數(shù)為……的”，故填aged。43．〖解析〗考查非謂語動詞。句意：她說：“他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對剪紙感興趣，就來找我學習?！彼€說，她經(jīng)常鼓勵學生根據(jù)現(xiàn)實創(chuàng)作作品。此處應用不定式表示目的，作狀語，故填tolearn。44．〖解析〗考查介詞。句意：“他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對剪紙感興趣，就來找我學習?！彼€說，她經(jīng)常鼓勵學生根據(jù)現(xiàn)實創(chuàng)作作品。(be)basedon固定搭配，意為“根據(jù)…….；以……為基礎”，故填on。45．〖解析〗考查表語從句。句意：年輕一代有真正的文化遺產(chǎn)感，這就是為什么我對手工藝的未來非常樂觀?？仗幰龑П碚Z從句，從句缺少原因狀語，應用why來引導