重組卷01-2023年高考英語(yǔ)真題重組卷（課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷） （解析版）

絕密★啟用前

沖刺2023年高考英語(yǔ)真題重組卷01

課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷（解析版）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考試務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦

干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)，回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分:聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段

對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.（2022,全國(guó)?高考真題）Whereistheman,stable?

A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.IntheCome匚

【答案】C

【原文】M:Hello,wehaveareservationinthenameofMr.Jones.Isthereanytablebythewindow?

W:Sorry,we,vegotthiscomertableforyou.It,squiethere,notclosetothedoor.

2.（2022?全國(guó)?高考真題）Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Jenny,youcanjustdropmehere.

W:Butwe,retwostreetsawayfromtheoffice.

M:It,sfine,?hadabigbreakfastandfeellikeabitofwalk.

3.（2021?全國(guó)乙卷）Whatdresssizedoesthewomanwant?

A.8.B.10.C.12.

【答案】C

［原文］M:CanIhelpyou?

W:Γmlookingforasizetwelvedress.

M:Oh,letmesee.Aneight,aten.Ah,you,relucky.Ihavetheprettiestdresshereinatwelve.Whydon,tyoutryit

on?

4.（2019,全國(guó)?高考真題）Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?

A.Inaclassroom.B.Inahospital.C.Inamuseum.

【答案】B

［原文】W:Excuseme,sir,visitinghoursareovernow.Yourwifemustgetsomerest.M:Oh,Γmsorry,doctor,?

didn,thearthebell,orIwould,veleftearlier.

5.（2019,全國(guó)?高考真題）WhatdoesJackwanttodo?

A.Takefitnessclasses.

B.Buyapairofgymshoes.

C.Changehisworkschedule.

【答案】A

［原文］M:Hello,mynameisJack.Ineedtogetinshape.Howdo1registerfortheclasses?W:We,llneedyouto

jointhegym,andthenyoucanfindoutwhichclassesfityourschedulethebest.

第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳

選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)

間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

（2022?全國(guó)?高考真題）聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?

A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.

7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.

【答案】6.A7.C

【原文】W:Dave,don,tforgetweareinvitedouttodinnertonight.

M:Oh,yeah.［almostforgot.Whattime?

W:7:30.Weshouldleavethehouseby6:30.Youknowhowbadthetrafficisthattimeofnight?

M:It,sinformal,isn,tit?

W:Yeah.Youcanwearyournewsportsjacket.Theone?gotyouasananniversarygift.

M:OK,well,Γvegottogo.I,I1trytogethomealittleearliertoday.

W:Good.

（2022?全國(guó)?高考真題）聽(tīng)第7段材料，回到第8-10題。

8.WhatdidPeterIeamfromhisgrandfather?

A.Howtoappreciateartworks.

B.Howtodealwithartists.

C.Howtorunamuseum.

9.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?

A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.

10.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?

A.Rembrandt,s.B.Botticelli,s.C.Rubens,.

【答案】8.A9.A10.C

【原文】W:SoMr.PeterScls,Γdbecurioustoknowwhatweretheearlyconnectionsinyourlifethatletyouinto

theartfield?

M:MygrandfatherwasanartdealerinMunich.TheyhadagreatmuseuminMunich.Hetookmetothemuseum,

and?respondedverystronglytowhatIsawonthewallsthere,?learnedaboutartfromhim,Ilearnedabout

lookingatartfromhim.Ithinkthat,swhatreallygotmestarted.Thenmanyyearslater,afterIgotoutofthearmy,

IwenttostudyarthistoryattheUniversityofChicago.

W:Tellusmoreaboutyourexperiencesoflookingatartwithyourgrandfather.

M:Well,welookedatthefamouspaintingsbythegreatartistslikeRembrandt,Botticelli,andAlbertDurer.

Ruben,spaintingsweremyfavorites.Yes,Irememberthesethings.ThiswaswhenIwasbetween10and15.When

Iwas14,1wassoanxioustoseemoreartthatafriendofmineandIbicycledacrosstheAlpstoseeVenice.That

wasabigadventure.

（2021?全國(guó)?高考真題）聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11?14題。

11.HowdoesNancylooktoDaniel?

A.Confused.B.Excited.C.Anxious.

12.WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?

A-TocomfortNancy.B.Toexpresshisregret.C.Toshowhispride.

13.WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?

A.Takeaschooltest.B.Haveacheck-up.C.Goinforacompetition.

14.WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?

A.Rewriteherlines.B?Drivehertothetheatre.C.Helpherwiththepractice.

【答案】U.C12.A13.C14.C

【原文】M:HiNancy!Youlookworried.What,swrong?

W:WellDaniel,haveyoueverfeltnervousonstage?

M:Sure.DoyourememberthatplayIwasinafewyearsago?Iknewmylines,butIwasterrifiedtohavetorecite

theminfrontofanaudience.AssoonasIsawthecrowdofpeopledownthere,myheartbeatsofastthatIwas

unabletosayasingleword.

W:That,showIfeeljustthinkingaboutthespellingcompetitionnextweek.

M:Ididn,tknowyoumadeittothefinals.

W:I,ιτιworriedI,llgetnervousandfreezeonstage.Imightforgethowtospelleverything,evenmyownname.I

don,tknowwhattodo.

M:Nancy,Iknowthatyou'renotgoingtoforgethowtospellyourname.I,Πhelpyougetthroughthis.I,llgoto

theschoolhallwithyoutopractice.ThenΓllteachyouanexercisemybaseballcoachtaughtme.Believeme.It

works.

W:Ifeelmuchbetternow.Thanks,Daniel.

（2021?全國(guó)乙卷）聽(tīng)第9段材料，回到第15-16題。

15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?

A.Entertaining.B.Discouraging.C.Boring.

16.WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?

A.Watchagame.B.Playtennis.C.Gotothecinema.

【答案】15.A16.B

［原文】W:Wow.Thatwasagreatmatch.Ireallylikewatchingtennisgames.

M:Metoo.Ithinktennisisanexcitingsport.

W:?thinkso.Doyouplaytennis,John?

M:Yes,butnotverywell.Doyouplay?

W:Alittle.HowaboutagameonTuesdayafternoon?

M:Sure.

（2022?全國(guó)?高考真題）聽(tīng)第10段材料，回到第17-20題。

17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?

A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.

18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?

A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.

19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?

A.Gettingoveraninjuιy.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.

20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Hisplantogoforthegold.

B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.

C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.

【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B

【原文】

M:Beinganathleteisveryfun,painful,andexciting.EverytimeIcometothetrack,IfeellikeI'moutofthis

place.ThisisBotswanaNationalStadium.Thisiswhere?train.When?sawUsainBoltrunningin2012London

Olympics,Iwasamazed.Justwatchinghimrun,gotmemotivated.Iquitbeingachessplayerandstartedtorun.I

wenttothe2016Olympicsandwenttothefinalsattheageof18.Andwow,Ifinishedfifth.Itwasadreamcome

truetome,butIstillwantedmore.Thetrainingissuperhard.Butthehardestpartformeisthat?gotaninjury,an

injurywhichmaytakemeoutforyears.Foraperiodoftime,asayoungathlete,Ididn,tknowwhattodo.Ilost

focus.Butnow,Γmbackonthetrack.IreallywanttobethereattheOlympicsanddowhatIdidbefore.Domuch,

muchgreater.Idon,tcareaboutthegold,Idon,tcareaboutthesilver.Iwanttodomybest,youknow,take

everythingandshowittotheworld.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

(2021?全國(guó)乙卷)ThingStoDoinYorkshireThisSummer

HarrogateMusicFestival

Sinceitsbirth,HarrogateMusicFestivalhasgonefromstrengthtostrength.Thisyear,Wearecelebratingour

50thanniversary.Webeginon1stJunewithManchesterCamerataandNicolaBenedetti,presentinganamazing

programmeofMozartpieces.

Dates:1June-31July

Tickets:￡12-￡96

Jodie*sFitnessSummerClasses

Asthesummermonthsrollin,ourGeorgiancountryestatemakestheperfectsettingforanoutdoorfitness

session.Comeandworkoutwithourqualifiedpersonaltrainer,JodieMcGregor,onthegroundsoftheMiddleton

Lodgeestate.

Wewillbeholdingafreetastersessionon23rdMay,at10am,todemonstratethevarietyofeffectiveand

activeexercises.Thereareeightspacesavailableforthetastersession.Advancebookingsare

required(infb@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris)

Dates:23May-IlJuly

Tickets:￡7.50persession

FeltPictureMaking

Workingfromaninspirationalpicture,thisworkshopatHelmslcyArtsCentrewillteachyouthetechniques

youwillneedtorecreateyourpictureinwool.

Wewillalsodiscusstheoriginsoffelt,whatenableswoolfibrestobecomefeltandhowtheprocessesweuse

work.

Dates:12June-12July

Tickets:￡40includingmaterials

FigureItOutJ-PlayingwithMath

AnewexhibitioninHalifaxuseseverydayactivitiestoexplainthehiddenmathprincipleswealluseona

regularbasis.Packabag,cutacake,guesswhichjuicecontainerholdsthemostliquid,andmuchmore.Discover

howarchitects,productdesignersandscientistsusesimilarskillsintheirwork.

Dates:7May-IOJune

Tickets:Free

21.WhatshouldyoudoifyouwanttoattendthetastersessionofJodie,sfitnessclasses?

A.Joinafitnessclub.B.Payaregistrationfee.

C.Makeabooking.D.Hireapersonaltrainer.

22.HowmuchistheticketforFeltPictureMaking?

A.￡7.50.B.￡12.C.￡40.D.￡96.

23.Whichofthefollowingstartsearliest?

A.HarrogateMusicFestival.B.Jodie,sFitnessSummerClasses.

C.FeltPictureMaking.D.FigureItOutJ-PlayingwithMath.

【答案】21.C22.C23.D

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了今年夏天約克郡的四個(gè)活動(dòng)的情況。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JOdie'sFitnessSummerClasses部分中“Advanceb∞kingsare

required(info@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris)(需要提前預(yù)訂(infb@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris))”可知，如果你

想?yún)⒓覬Odie的健身課程，你應(yīng)該預(yù)約。故選C。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FeItPiCtUreMakir?g部分中“Tickets:￡4OinCIUdingmateriaIS(門票：40英鎊(含材料))”

可知，F(xiàn)eItPiCtUreMaking的票需要40英鎊。故選C。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，HairogateMusicFestival從6月I日至∣J7月31日；Jodie'sFitnessSummer

CIaSSeS從5月23日到7月C日;FeltPiCtUreMaking從6月C日到7月C日;FigureItOutI-Playingwith

Math從5月7B到6月10日。故FigureItOuti-PlayingwithMath最早開(kāi)始。故選Do

B

（2022?全國(guó),統(tǒng)考高考真題）WejournalistsliveinanewageofStoiytelling,withmanynewmultimedia

tools.Manyyoungpeopledon,tevenrealizeit,snew.Forthem,it,sjustnormal.

Thishithomef?ιm。asIwassittingwithmy2-ycar-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.I

hadbroughtachildren,sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.

Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,he

reachesoutandpokes（戳）thepagewithhisfinger.

What,supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthe

pageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?

Then?realizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedthe

boywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.He

thoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.

Sony,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It,sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyour

grandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI,mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduce

audio.Iusemobilepayment.I,veevenbuiltwebsites.

There,sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:Γvespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,

since?haveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn,tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonal

storyforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.

Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButI

willmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.

24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?

A.Providedshelterforme.B.Becameverycleartome.

C.Tookthepressureoffme.D.Workedquitewellonme.

25.Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?

A.Hetookitforatabletcomputer.B.Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.

C.Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa.D.Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself

26.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?

A?Sociallyambitious.B.Physicallyattractive.

C.Financiallyindependent.D.Digitallycompetent.

27.WhatcanweIeamabouttheauthorasajournalist?

A.Helacksexperienceinhisjob.B.Heseldomappearsontelevision.

C.Hemanagesavideodepartment.D.Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.

【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)是一名記者，在春節(jié)期間，作者給孫子拿了一本兒童

讀物，孫子卻以為是平板電腦，不停地戳?xí)?/p>

24.i司句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.

Manyyoungpeopledon,tevenrealizeit,snew.Forthem,it,sjustnormaL”以及畫(huà)線詞后文“asIwassittingwith

my2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是記者，生活在一個(gè)講故事的新

時(shí)代，有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它是新的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這很正常。而這在春

節(jié)假期，作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上，尤其清楚認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“我很清楚”。故選B。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywitha

tabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmy

storybookwaslikethat.（事實(shí)上,他對(duì)書(shū)本并不熟悉。他的父親經(jīng)常用一臺(tái)裝有彩色圖片的平板電腦逗他開(kāi)心，

當(dāng)你戳它們的時(shí)候，這些圖片就會(huì)變得栩栩如生。他認(rèn)為我的故事書(shū)就是那樣的）“可知，那孩子戳故事書(shū)是

因?yàn)樗阉?dāng)成了平板電腦。故選A。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI,mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.I

editvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I,veevenbuiltWebSiteS.（我可能老了，但從數(shù)字角度來(lái)說(shuō)，

我還沒(méi)有毫無(wú)希望的挑戰(zhàn)“我編輯視頻，制作音頻。我用移動(dòng)支付。我甚至建立了網(wǎng)站）”可知，作者認(rèn)為自

己懂?dāng)?shù)碼技術(shù)。故選D。

27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“There'sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I,vespent

littletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.（然而，在我的新媒體體驗(yàn)中有一個(gè)明顯的差距:

我很少在鏡頭前呆著，因?yàn)槲业哪樖菫殡娕_(tái)而生的戶可知，作者作為記者他很少上電視。故選B。

C

（2021,全國(guó)乙卷）AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitorthehealthofgrazingcattle,a

developmentthatcouldbringbigchangestoaprofessionthat'sreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfordecades

butisfacingalaborshortage.

SalahSukkarieh,aprofessorattheUniversityofSydney,seesrobotsasnecessarygivenhowcattlemenare

aging.Heisbuildingafour-wheeledrobotthatwillrunonsolarandelectricpower.Itwillusecamerasandsensors

tomonitortheanimals.Acomputersystemwillanalyzethevideotodeterminewhetheracowissick.Radiotags

（標(biāo)簽）ontheanimalswillmeasuretemperaturechanges.Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoring

theshape,colorandtexture（質(zhì)土也）ofgrass.Thatway,cattlemenwillknowwhethertheyneedtomovetheircattle

toanotherfieldfornutritionpurposes.

Machineshavelargelytakenoverplanting,wateringandharvestingcropssuchascomandwheat,butthe

monitoringofcattlehasgonethroughfewerchanges.

ForTexascattlemanPeteBonds,it?increasinglydifficulttofindworkersinterestedinwatchingcattle.But

Bondsdoesn,tbelievearobotisrightforthejob.Yearsofexperienceintheindustry-andfailedattemptstouse

technology-haveconvincedhimthatthebestwaytocheckcattleiswithamanonahorse.Bonds,whoboughthis

firstcattlealmost50yearsago,stillhaseachofhiscowboysinspect300or400cattledailyandlookforsignsthat

ananimalisgettingsick.

Othercattlemenseemorepromiseinrobots.MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahoma

Cattlcmen1SAssociation,saidarobotcouldbeextremelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.Cattletend

tobekeptinremoteplacesandtheirvaluehasrisen,makingthemappealingtargets.

28.Whatisaproblemwiththecattle-raisingindustry?

A.Soilpollution.B.Lackofworkers.

C.Agingmachines.D.Lowprofitability.

29.WhatwillSukkarieh1Srobotbeabletodo?

A.Monitorthequalityofgrass.B.Curethediseasedcattle.

C.Movecattletoanotherfield.D.Predictweatherchanges.

30.WhydoesPeteBondsstillhirecowboystowatchcattle?

A.Hewantstohelpthemearnaliving.B.Hethinksmencandothejobbetter.

C.Heisinexperiencedinusingrobots.D.Heenjoysthetraditionalwayoflife.

31.HowmayrobotshelpwithcattlewatchingaccordingtoMichaelKelsey?

A.Increasethevalueofcattle.B.Bringdownthecostoflabor.

C.Makethejobmoreappealing.D.Keepcattlefrombeingstolen.

【答案】28.B29.A30.B31.D

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了澳大利亞一名教授正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種機(jī)器人，用于監(jiān)測(cè)放牧牛的健康狀

況。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitorthehealthofgrazing

cattle,adevelopmentthatcouldbringbigchangestoaprofessionthat,sreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfor

decadesbutisfacingalaborShortage.（澳大利亞一名教授正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種機(jī)器人，用于監(jiān)測(cè)放牧牛的健康狀況，

這一開(kāi)發(fā)可能會(huì)給畜牧業(yè)帶來(lái)重大變化。幾十年來(lái)，畜牧業(yè)主要依靠低技術(shù)手段，但目前正面臨勞動(dòng)力短

缺的問(wèn)題。）“可知，畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨勞動(dòng)力短缺的問(wèn)題。故選B。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape,colorand

texture（質(zhì)地）ofgrass.（通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)草的形狀、顏色和質(zhì)地來(lái)跟蹤草地的質(zhì)量。）”可知，SUkkarieh的機(jī)器人可

以監(jiān)測(cè)草的質(zhì)量。故選A。

30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ButBondsdoesn'tbelievearobotisrightforthejob.Yearsofexperienceinthe

industry-andfailedattemptstousetechnology-haveconvincedhimthatthebestwaytocheckcattleiswitha

manonahorse.（但邦茲認(rèn)為機(jī)器人并不適合這份工作。多年的行業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)——以及使用技術(shù)的失敗嘗試-

使他確信，檢查牛的最好方法是讓一名男子騎在馬上。）”可知，皮特?邦茲仍然雇傭牛仔看牛是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為

人能做得更好。故選B。

31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahomaCattIemen1S

Association,saidarobotcouldbeextremelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.（俄克拉荷馬州養(yǎng)牛人

協(xié)會(huì)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)邁克爾?凱爾西?帕里斯說(shuō)，鑒于人們對(duì)偷牛的擔(dān)憂不斷上升，機(jī)器人可能會(huì)非常有用。）“可知，

機(jī)器人幫助照看牛，可以防止牛被偷。故選D。

D

（202（）?全國(guó)?高考真題）Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsof

yearsago.Asscientistslookdeeperintoourgenes（基因）,theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthe

pastfewthousandyears.PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedtolivingathighaltitudes.Cattle-raising

peopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation（突變）thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.

OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindofadaptation-notto

airortofood,buttotheocean.Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobetterdivers.

TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinthehundredsofthousandsinIndonesia,Malaysiaandthe

Philippines.Theyhavetraditionallylivedonhouseboats;inrecenttimes,thcy,vealsobuilthousesonstilts（支柱）

??

incoastalwaters.TheyaresimplyastrangertotheIandJsaidRedneyC.JubiIado9aUniversityofHawaii

researcherwhostudiestheBajau.

Dr.JubiladofirstmettheBajauwhilegrowinguponSamalIslandinthePhilippines.Theymadealivingas

divers,spearfishingorharvestingshellfish."Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthan

uslocalislandersJDr.Jubiladosaid.fcfcIcouldseethemactuallywalkingunderthesea.”

In2015,Melissa??ardo,thenagraduatestudentingeneticsattheUniversityofCopenhagen,heardaboutthe

Bajau.Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtotheevolutionofphysicalcharacteristicsthatmadethe

taskeasierforthem,“itseemedliketheperfectchancefornaturalselectiontoactonapopulation,,,saidDr.Ilardo.

ShealsosaidtherewerelikelyanumberofothergenesthathelptheBajaudive.

32.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph1?

A.Environmentaladaptationofcattleraisers.B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.

C.Recentfindingsofhumanorigin.D.Significanceoffoodselection.

33.WheredotheBajaubuildtheirhouses?

A.Invalleys.B.Nearrivers.C.Onthebeach.D.Offthecoast.

34.WhywastheyoungJubiIadoastonishedattheBajau?

A.Theycouldwalkonstiltsallday.B.Theyhadasuperbwayoffishing.

C.Theycouldstaylongunderwater.D.Theylivedonbothlandandwater.

35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.BodiesRemodeledforaLifeatSeaB.Highlanders,SurvivalSkills

C.BasicMethodsofGeneticResearchD.TheWorld,sBestDivers

【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.A

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。最近一項(xiàng)對(duì)人類基因的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類的進(jìn)化不僅僅發(fā)生在數(shù)十億年前，而且

最近幾千年也有。BajaU人因?yàn)榭亢樯?，他們的身體已經(jīng)進(jìn)化成更能適應(yīng)海洋生活。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsof

yearsago.Asscientistslookdeeperintoourgenes,theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthepast

fbwthousandyears.（我們是進(jìn)化的產(chǎn)物，而且不僅僅是數(shù)十億年前的產(chǎn)物。當(dāng)科學(xué)家更深入的研究我們的基

因時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了人類在過(guò)去幾千年進(jìn)化的例子）可知，作者列舉第一段的例子是為了告訴我們關(guān)于人類進(jìn)

化的一個(gè)新信息，那就是人類在最近幾千年也在進(jìn)化。B.NewknowledgeofhumanCVolUtiOn.（人類進(jìn)化的新

知識(shí)）符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinhundredsofthousandsin

Indonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines.Theyhavetraditionallyliveonhouseboats;inrecenttimes,thcy,vealso

builthousesonstiltsincoastalWaterS.（這些人被稱為Bajau,在印度尼西亞、馬來(lái)西亞和菲律賓有數(shù)十萬(wàn)人。

他們一直住在船屋上；最近他們也把房子建在沿海水域的吊腳樓上）可知，Bajau把房子建在沿海區(qū)域。D.Off

theCoaSt（沿海）符合以上說(shuō)法，故選D項(xiàng)。

34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthanuslocal

islanders.（我們很驚訝，他們?cè)谒麓臅r(shí)間比我們當(dāng)?shù)氐膷u民要長(zhǎng)的多）可知，讓Jubilado感到吃驚的是

Bajau人能在水下待更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。C.TheycouldstaylongUnderWater.（他們能在水下待很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）符合以上說(shuō)

法，故選C項(xiàng)。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段的OnThUrSdayinanartiClePUbliShedinCe〃,ateamof

researchersreportedanewkindofadaption-nottoairortofood,buttotheOCean.（周四,在《細(xì)胞》雜志上發(fā)表

的一篇文章中，一群研究人員報(bào)道了一種新的適應(yīng)——不是空氣也不是食物，而是海洋）可知，本文主要講

述了一種新的進(jìn)化，即長(zhǎng)期生活在海邊，靠海為生的生活方式，讓BajaU人的身體進(jìn)化成更適應(yīng)海洋生活。

A.BodiesRemodeledforaLifeatSea.（身體為適應(yīng)海洋生活而重塑）可以作為本文標(biāo)題，故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

（2022?全國(guó)?統(tǒng)考高考真題）Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocess

canbemadeeasierifyouIeamtopracticethreesimpletechniques.

36Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwrite

nonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.37Don,t

worryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon,tworkforeveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegeta

goodstoreofideastodrawon.

Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutwoπyingaboutbeingperfect.38Yet,by

learningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled（弄

皺）paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacomplete

highway.

Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced（三倍行距）copytoallowspaceforrevision.

39Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks（大塊）oftheirdraftandwriting

revisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcan

enteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.40Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.

A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.

B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.

C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.

D.Firstofall,Ieamthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.

E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.

F.Manybeginningwritersdon,tleaveenoughspacetorevise.

G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.

【答案】36.D37.B38.E39.F40.G

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是寫文章的技巧。

36.空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的"Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpento

yourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethePaPer.（當(dāng)你第——次想寫

一篇文章的時(shí)候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開(kāi)紙。）”可知，本段主要講的是要

學(xué)會(huì)不間斷地寫，D選項(xiàng)“Firstofall,IeamtheteChniqUeOfnOnStoPWriting.（首先，學(xué)習(xí)不間斷寫作的技巧。）“

概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選D。

37.空前說(shuō)“Staylooseandfree.（保持寬松和自由。）"，空后說(shuō)"Don'tworryaboutgrammarorSPelling.（不要擔(dān)

心語(yǔ)法和拼寫。）”，因此空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)按心里想的寫，自由發(fā)揮，B選項(xiàng)“Letyourpenfbllowthewavesof

thought.（讓你的筆跟隨思想的波浪。）”說(shuō)明了按自己的思路和想法來(lái)寫，因此承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

38.空前說(shuō)“Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.（T——個(gè)技巧是

快速寫草稿，不要擔(dān)心是否完美。）“，空后說(shuō)"Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourself

headachesandaWasmpapcrbaskctfullofcrumpled（弄皺）PaPer.（然而，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)與不完美共存，你將避免自己

的頭痛和一個(gè)裝滿皺巴巴的廢紙簍。）”，E選項(xiàng)"Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.（太多

的作家試圖在第一次就把草稿寫好。）"中的"gettheirdrafts”和上文的“writeyourdraft”相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明了有很多

人想一次就寫好，這是不合理的，要學(xué)會(huì)允許不完美的存在，因