三年（21-23）高考真題匯編分項解讀及變式20 閱讀理解B篇真題變式題（新高考解析版）

2023年高考真題變式題分類匯編

專題20

閱讀理解B篇真題變式題（新高考卷）

【2023年高考真題】

WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolved

problems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretiny

creatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemesses

peopleweremaking.

Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandasking

questions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria（細菌）？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causing

chemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastetheway

naturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.

ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge。虧泥）.First,he

constructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsand

streamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,these

differentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthe

sludge.

Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegan

toeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreated

sewage（污水）from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterin

Fuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.

""Ecologicaldesign^^isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes."LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfor

theinventor,9,hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhafshappening.Thenyouletthese

newsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.^^

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Hewasfondoftraveling.

B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.

C.Hehadaninquiringmind.

D.Helongedtobeadoctor.

2.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?

A.Tofeedtheanimals.

B.Tobuildanecosystem.

C.Toprotecttheplants.

D.Totesttheeco-machine.

3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?

A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.

B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.

C.TocompareJohn^differentjobs.

D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.

4.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?

A.Naturecanrepairitself.

B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.

C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.

D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.

【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JohnTodd從小就很愛思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個生態(tài)機器，

利用自然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來凈化污水。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,

observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthrough

plantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscould

beusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.（當(dāng)約翰?托德還是個孩子的時候，他喜歡探索房子周圍的

樹林，觀察大自然是如何解決問題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小生物居住的巖石后，往往會

變得清澈。長大后，約翰開始思考這個過程是否可以用來清理人們制造的混亂）”以及第二段“Afterstudying

agriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycan

certainplantstrapharmfulbacteria（細菌）？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?（在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)

了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細菌？

哪些魚類會食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？）”可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強。故選C。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.（幾個星期后，約翰把污泥加了

進去）”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludge

asfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.（他對結(jié)果

感到驚訝。生態(tài)機器里的動植物把污泥當(dāng)成了食物，開始吃了起來！幾周之內(nèi)，它就被消化了，只剩下純

凈水）”可知，約翰把污泥放進罐子里是為了測試生態(tài)機器。故選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopeda

greenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage（污水）from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedan

eco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.（這些年來，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作。

他開發(fā)了一個類似溫室的設(shè)施，可以處理來自南伯靈頓1600戶家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計了一種生態(tài)機器來

清潔中國東南部城市福州的運河水廠可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰想法的應(yīng)用。故選Bo

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhafshappening.Then

youletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.（你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會發(fā)生什么。

然后讓這些新系統(tǒng)自行發(fā)展自我修復(fù)的方式）”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A。

Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.

Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramat

fourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,and

healthylifestyles.

Jaramillo'sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfast

foodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores."Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlarge

bottlesofsoftdrinks,“shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.9,

Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.

UrbanSprouts9classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchas

soiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesa

year,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.

Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.t4Wehavestudentswhosay

theywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey'reeatingdifferently,“Jaramillosays.

Sheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthat

theybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohavea

calmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.atTheyget

outside/9shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.^^

5.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?

A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.

B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.

C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant.

D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.

6.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?

A.Thekids9parentsdistrustedher.

B?Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.

C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.

D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?

A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.

C.Short-lived.D.Unidentifiable.

8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RescuingSchoolGardensB.ExperiencingCountryLife

C.GrowingVegetableLoversD.ChangingLocalLandscape

【答案】5.D6.C7.A8.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能

力,環(huán)保意識以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項目，讓學(xué)生種植蔬菜，對學(xué)生影響深遠。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstarted

UrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.（起初是這樣的，艾比?哈拉米洛說，她和另

一位老師在四所低收入學(xué)校啟動了“UrbanSprouts”學(xué)?；▓@項目。戶可知，艾比?哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts

的發(fā)起者。故選D。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的"shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,

insectsareawful.Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotry

somethingnew.（她說?！八麄儊碚椅覀?，認為蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆蟲也很可怕。”雖然有些人一開

始害怕昆蟲，對泥土感到厭煩，但大多數(shù)人都渴望嘗試新的東西。）”可知，項目之初，一些學(xué)生不喜歡園

藝工作。故選C。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Sheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsget

sointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthe

gardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotional

controlissues.t4Theygetoutside,shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful."（她補充說，該計劃的好處不僅僅是營養(yǎng)。

有些學(xué)生對園藝非常感興趣，他們帶回家種子開始自己的菜園。此外，在花園里工作似乎對Jaramillo的特

殊教育學(xué)生有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，他們中的許多人都有情緒控制問題?！八麄冏吡顺鋈?，”她說，“他們覺得成功。

可知，這個項目不僅給學(xué)生提供了有營養(yǎng)的食物，而且許多學(xué)生回家開創(chuàng)了自己的菜園，對有情緒控制問

題的學(xué)生也起到了鎮(zhèn)靜作用，從而推知，該項目的影響是深遠的。故選A。

8.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的"Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstarted

UrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelop

scienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.（起初是這樣的，艾比?哈拉米洛說，她和另一位

老師在四所低收入學(xué)校啟動了“UrbanSprouts”學(xué)?；▓@項目。該項目旨在幫助學(xué)生培養(yǎng)科學(xué)技能、環(huán)保意

識和健康的生活方式。）”和最后一段的“Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseeds

tostarttheirownvegetablegardens.（一些學(xué)生對園藝非常感興趣，于是他們把種子帶回家，開始種自己的菜

園）”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力，

環(huán)保意識以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項目，讓學(xué)生種植蔬菜，對學(xué)生影響深遠。因此推斷C

項“蔬菜種植愛好者”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選C。

【高考真題變式題1】

Afteryearsofteachersaskingfortherightanswers,studentsaren'tusedtosomeoneaskingforthewrong

ones.Students9failuretendstocreatementalburdenthatnegativelyaffectslearning.Liftingtheburdenrequiresus

tofacefailurebravelyandencouragestudentstoacceptitasanaturalpartofgettingeducated.Whileeducators

havetomakesurethatstudentshavetherightcontentandsupporttoavoidlong-termfailure,itisjustasimportant

toacceptmistakesasanormalpartofeducation.

Sadly,ourcultureissofocusedonsuccessorperfectionthatstudentsgenerallyaren'ttaughtaboutfailure.To

fillthegap,IsharewithstudentsaSamuelBeckettquote“Evertried.Everfailed.Nomatter.Tryagain.Failagain.

Failbetter”.Itsuggestsonebecomesbetteraftereachfailure.IalsoplayavideoongamedesignedbyExtra

Credits,whichshowspeoplecanquicklydeclaretheirwaysasafailureiftheydon'tworkoutandthenlearnfrom

themtomoveon.Boththequoteandthevideocanhelpstudentsgetamorepositiveattitudetowardsfailure.

Teacherscanhelpstudentsacceptfailurebetter.Inherpiecect5-MinuteFilmFestival:FreedomtoFail

Forward”,EdutopiaauthorAmyErinBorovoyhadasetofvideosandarticlesonthesubjectoffailure.Borovoy

remindsreadersthat"atruethinkerleamsasmuchfromfailureasfromsuccess.^^Takingtheseshortvideosas

monthlyorweeklyreminderscanbeagreatwaytostart“howhavewefailedandwhathaveweleamed^^

discussionswithstudents.

Teacherscanactuallyuseatechniquecalled"'EffectiveFailure^^toteachaboutfailureatanytime.Inmy

writingclass,Ioftenhavestudentsvolunteertopickouttheworstwritingoftheirown.Thisletswritersdeepen

theirunderstandingofwhyasentence,wordchoice,orparagraphconstructionhasfailed,anditinspiresasincere

interestinbetterwriting.Thismakesfailureworkwellinclass.

Also,rememberthatstudentsarenottheonlyoneswhocanlearnfromtheirmistakes.Asthosewhoteach

students,weshoulddothattoo.

9.WhatmattersineducationaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Helpingstudentsfacefailurecalmly.

B.Makingsureeverystudentgetseducated.

C.Allowingstudentstoshowtheirtrueselves.

D.Trainingstudentstogetusedtolong-termfailure.

10.SamuelBecketfsquoteandthevideobyExtraCreditsboth.

A.showthebenefitsoffailure

B.helpstudentsdevelopmoreinterests

C.providesomewaystoreducefailure

D.teachstudentstogetrelaxedproperly

11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromtheexampleinParagraph3?

A.Hetriedtoadvertiseforthosevideos.

B?HeconsideredBorovoyarolemodeltostudents.

C.Hethoughtthevideosusefulinteachingaboutfailure.

D.Hefoundvideoteachinganeasywaytoattractstudents.

12.Whatbenefitdostudentsgetwhenthetechnique"EffectiveFailure^^isusedinclass?

A.Theyenjoycommunicatingwithothers.

B.Theyarebravetoadmittheirdisadvantages.

C.Theycanfindmoreinterestingwritingtopics.

D.Theyimprovebylearningfromtheirweakpoints.

【答案】9.A10.A11.C12.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。作者認為，在教育當(dāng)中，教會學(xué)生用積極的態(tài)度正確面對失敗、從失敗中

學(xué)習(xí)非常重要。

9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句"Liftingtheburdenrequiresustofacefailurebravelyandencourage

studentstoacceptitasanaturalpartofgettingeducated.Whileeducatorshavetomakesurethatstudentshavethe

rightcontentandsupporttoavoidlong-termfailure,itisjustasimportanttoacceptmistakesasanormalpartof

education.（減輕負擔(dān)需要我們勇敢地面對失敗，并鼓勵學(xué)生接受它作為受教育的自然組成部分。雖然教育

工作者必須確保學(xué)生有正確的內(nèi)容和支持，以避免長期的失敗，但接受錯誤作為教育的正常組成部分同樣

重要。）”可知，根據(jù)第一段可知，教育中幫助學(xué)生冷靜面對失敗很重要。故選A。

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句"Itsuggestsonebecomesbetteraftereachfhihne（它表明—人在每

次失敗后都會變得更好。）"和第四句"IalsoplayavideoongamedesignedbyExtraCredits,whichshows

peoplecanquicklydeclaretheirwaysasafailureiftheydon'tworkoutandthenlearnfromthemtomoveon.（我

還玩了一款由ExtraCredits設(shè)計的游戲視頻，該視頻顯示，如果人們不成功，他們會很快宣布自己的方式

是失敗的，然后從中吸取教訓(xùn)繼續(xù)前進。）”可知，塞繆爾?貝克特的名言和ExtraCredits的視頻都展示了失

敗的好處。故選A。

11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Teacherscanhelpstudentsacceptfailurebetter.（老師可以幫助學(xué)生

更好地接受失敗。廠可知，從第三段的例子中我們可以了解到作者認為這些視頻在教導(dǎo)失敗方面很有用。

故選C。

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句和第三句"Inmywritingclass,Ioftenhavestudentsvolunteertopick

outtheworstwritingoftheirown.Thisletswritersdeepentheirunderstandingofwhyasentence,wordchoice,or

paragraphconstructionhasfailed,anditinspiresasincereinterestinbetterwriting.（在我的寫作課上，我經(jīng)常讓

學(xué)生自愿挑選出他們自己寫得最差的文章。這可以讓作者加深他們對句子、用詞或段落結(jié)構(gòu)失敗的理解，

并激發(fā)他們對更好寫作的真誠興趣。）”可知，當(dāng)課堂上使用“有效失敗''技巧時，學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)自己的弱點

來提高自己。故選D。

【高考真題變式題2】

Whilethestartofanewschoolyearisalwaysexciting,thisyearwasevenmoresoforsomeelementary

schoolstudentsinAuckland,NewZealand.Theybecametheworld'sfirstkidstobe“taught“byadigitalteacher,

Will.Beforeyoustartimaginingahuman-likerobotwalkingaroundtheclassroom,Willisjustanavatar（化

身，虛擬人物）thatturnsuponthestudents5desktop,tablet,orsmartphonescreenwhencalled.

Thankstoadigitalcameraandmicrophone,theavatarnotonlyrespondstoquestionsthekidsmayhave,but

alsopicksupnon-verbalsignals.Forexample,ifastudentsmilesatWill,herespondsbysmilingback.This

two-waycommunicationnotonlyhelpsdrawthestudents5attention,butalsoallowstheprogram'sdevelopersto

monitortheirinvolvement（參與）andmakechangesifneeded.

Vector'sChiefDigitalOfficer,NikhilRavishankar,believesthatWill——likeavatarscouldbeanewwayto

attracttheattentionofthenextgeneration.Hesays,“Usingadigitalhumanisaverypopularmethodtodeliver

newinformationtopeople,andIhavealotofhopeinthistechnologyasameanstodeliverrichandeducational

experienceinthefuture.GregCross,theChiefBusinessOfficerforSoulMachines,statesthatkidswhohave

grownupinthisdigitaltimeadapttonewtechnologyquickly,andhehopestodeveloptheideaofdigitalhumans

intheareaofeducatefurther.

Theprogram,inplacesinceAugust2018,hasbeenagreatsuccesssofar.However,nomatterhowpopularit

becomes,Willisunlikelytoreplacehumaneducatorsanytimesoon.Forone,theavatar'sknowledgebaseis

severelylimited.Butmoreimportantly,eventhesmartestdigitalavatarscouldneverpredictandreacttoallthe

unexpectedsituationsthateducatorshavetodealwithonadailybasis.However,itcouldcomeinhandyasa

""personalteacher”,providingkidswithone-on-onehelponthesubjectsoreventopics.

13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedigitalteacherfromthelastparagraph?

A.Ithasenteredmanyhomesaskids'privateteacher.

B.Itwillteachinclassinplaceofhumaneducators.

C?Ifsgoodathandlingunexpectedsituations.

D.Itremainstobeimproved.

14.WhatismentionedaboutWillinthefirstparagraph?

A.Heisahuman-likerobotteacher.

B.Heisthefirstrobotteacherintheworld.

C.Heisadigitalteacherteachinginaschool.

D.Hewillwalkacrosstheclassroomtoyouwhencalled.

15.Inwhatwaydoesthedigitalteacherhelpthestudents?

A.Bytakingpartindiscussion.

B.Bychangingteachingmethods.

C.Bycommunicatingwithstudents.

D.Bymonitoringstudents5behavior.

16.WhatisGregCross9sattitudetowardthedigitalteacher?

A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.

C.Uncaring.D.Dissatisfied.

【答案】13.D14.C15.C16.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了新西蘭奧克蘭的一些小學(xué)生成為了世界上第一批被數(shù)

字老師“教”的孩子。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Theprogram,inplacesinceAugust2018,hasbeenagreatsuccessso

far.However,nomatterhowpopularitbecomes,Willisunlikelytoreplacehumaneducatorsanytimesoon.For

one,theavatar'sknowledgebaseisseverelylimited.Butmoreimportantly,eventhesmartestdigitalavatarscould

neverpredictandreacttoalltheunexpectedsituationsthateducatorshavetodealwithonadailybasis.However,

itcouldcomeinhandyasa"'personalteacher”,providingkidswithone-on-onehelponthesubjectsoreven

topics.（該項目自2018年8月開始實施，迄今取得了巨大成功。然而，無論它變得多么流行，Will都不太

可能在短期內(nèi)取代人類教育者。首先，虛擬角色的知識庫是非常有限的。但更重要的是，即使是最聰明的

數(shù)字化身也永遠無法預(yù)測和應(yīng)對教育工作者每天必須處理的所有意外情況。然而，它可以作為“私人老師”

派上用場，在科目甚至話題上為孩子們提供一對一的幫助。廠可推斷，數(shù)字老師不管多么流行，也存在一

定局限性，所以還需要得到進一步發(fā)展。故選D。

14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Whilethestartofanewschoolyearisalwaysexciting,thisyearwas

evenmoresoforsomeelementaryschoolstudentsinAuckland,NewZealand.Theybecametheworld'sfirstkids

tobe“taught”byadigitalteacher,Will.（雖然新學(xué)年的開始總是令人興奮，但對于新西蘭奧克蘭的一些小學(xué)生

來說，今年更是如此。他們成為了世界上第一批被數(shù)字老師wir教”的孩子。戶可知，win是一名數(shù)字教

師，他將出現(xiàn)在新西蘭奧克蘭一些小學(xué)中。故選c。

15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thankstoadigitalcameraandmicrophone,theavatarnotonlyresponds

toquestionsthekidsmayhave,butalsopicksupnon-verbalsignals.Forexample,ifastudentsmilesatWill,he

respondsbysmilingback.Thistwo-waycommunicationnotonlyhelpsdrawthestudents5attention,butalso

allowstheprogram'sdeveloperstomonitortheirinvolvement（參與）andmakechangesifneeded.（多虧了數(shù)碼相

機和麥克風(fēng)，這個虛擬化身不僅能回答孩子們可能提出的問題，還能接收非語言信號。例如，如果一個學(xué)

生對Will微笑，他也會以微笑回應(yīng)。這種雙向交流不僅有助于吸引學(xué)生的注意力，而且還允許程序開發(fā)人

員監(jiān)視他們的參與情況，并在需要時進行更改。）”可知，Will會和學(xué)生進行交流。故選C。

16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“GregCross,theChiefBusinessOfficerforSoulMachines,statesthat

kidswhohavegrownupinthisdigitaltimeadapttonewtechnologyquickly,andhehopestodeveloptheideaof

digitalhumansintheareaofeducatefurther.（SoulMachines的首席商務(wù)官GregCross表示，在這個數(shù)字時代

長大的孩子適應(yīng)新技術(shù)的速度很快，他希望在教育領(lǐng)域進一步發(fā)展數(shù)字人類的概念。）”可知，GregCross

希望在教育領(lǐng)域進一步發(fā)展數(shù)字人類的概念，由此可推斷，GregCross對數(shù)字老師抱有支持的態(tài)度。故選

Ao

【高考真題變式題3】

""Creativityisthekeytoabrighterfuture/sayeducationandbusinessexperts.Hereishowschoolsand

parentscanencouragethisimportantskillinchildren.

IfDickDrewhadlistenedtohisbossin1925,wemightnothavetheproductthatwenowthinkofasgreat

importance:anewtypeoftape.DrewworkedfortheMinnesotaMiningandManufacturingCompany.Atworkhe

developedakindofmaterialstrongenoughtoholdthingstogether.Buthisbosstoldhimnottothinkmoreabout

theidea.Finally,usinghisowntime,Drewimprovedthetape,whichnowisusedeverywherebymanypeople.

Andhisformercompanylearnedfromitsmistake.Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworking

timejustthinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.

Creativityisnotsomethingoneisjustbornwith,norisitnecessarilyacharacterofhighintelligence.The

factthatapersonishighlyintelligentdoesnotmeanthatheusesitcreatively.Creativityisthematterofusingthe

resourcesonehastoproducenewideasthataregoodforsomething.

Unfortunately,schoolshavenottriedtoencouragecreativity.Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthe

developmentofreading,writingandmathematicalskills,manyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.

Theresultisthatchildrencangaininformationbutcan'trecognizewaystouseitinnewsituations.Theymay

knowtherulescorrectlybuttheyareunabletousethemtoworkoutpracticalproblems.

Itisimportanttogivechildrenchoices.Fromtheearliestage,childrenshouldbeallowedtomakedecisions

andunderstandtheirresults.Evenififschoosingbetweentwofooditemsforlunch,decision-makinghelps

thinkingskills.Aschildrengrowolder,parentsshouldtrytoletthemdecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheir

money.Thisisbecausethemostimportantcharacterofcreativepeopleisaverystrongdesiretofindawayoutof

trouble.

17.Wecanknowfromthepassagethatcreativityis.

A.somethingthatmostpeoplearebornwith

B?somethingthathasnothingtodowithintelligenceatall

C.awayofusingwhatonehaslearnedtoworkoutnewproblems

D.somethingthatisnotimportanttothelifeinthefutureatall

18.Whydon'tschoolstrytoencouragecreativity?

A.Theydon'tthinkcreativityeducationisimportant.

B.Theydon'twanttheirstudentstomakemistakes.

C.Theypaynoattentiontoexaminationmarks.

D.Theythinkitimpossibletodevelopcreativityinclass.

19.Whatshouldparentsdowhentheirchildrendecidehowtospendtheirmoney?

A.Allowthemtohaveatry.

B.Trytohelpthemasmuchaspossible.

C.Takenonoticeofwhatevertheydo.

D.Orderthemtospendtheleastmoney.

20.WhatdidthecompanywhereDrewonceworkedlearnfromitsmistake?

A.Itshouldencouragepeopletoworkalongertime.

B.Peopleshouldbediscouragedtothinkfreely.

C.Peoplewilldobetteriftheyspendmostoftheirworkingtimedevelopingnewideas.

D.Itisnecessaryforpeopletospendsomeoftheirworkingtimeconsideringanddevelopingnewideas.

【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了創(chuàng)造力的重要性，它是一個人擁有更光明未來的關(guān)鍵。創(chuàng)造

性并非與生俱來的，需要后天的培養(yǎng)。有些學(xué)校過分注重考試成績和對閱讀、寫作、計算技能的培養(yǎng)，而忽

視了對學(xué)生創(chuàng)造力的培養(yǎng)，在孩子的成長過程中，父母應(yīng)讓他們自己作決定，以培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)造力。

17.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Creativityisthematterofusingtheresourcesonehastoproducenew

ideasthataregoodforsomething.（創(chuàng)造力是指利用自己擁有的資源產(chǎn)生對某事有益的新想法。）”可知，創(chuàng)造

力是利用自己的資源產(chǎn)生對某事有益的新想法；C項（利用所學(xué)知識解決新問題的方法）符合題意。故選

Co

18.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthedevelopmentofreading,

writingandmathematicalskills,manyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.（由于高度重視考試成績

以及閱讀、寫作和數(shù)學(xué)技能的發(fā)展，許多教育工作者放棄了對正確答案的創(chuàng)造性。戶可知，由于重視試成

績以及閱讀、寫作和數(shù)學(xué)技能的發(fā)展，許多教育者忽視了創(chuàng)造力，即：認為創(chuàng)造性教育并不重要，故選A。

19.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Aschildrengrowolder,parentsshouldtrytoletthemdecidehowto

usetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.（隨著孩子長大，父母應(yīng)該讓他們決定如何利用時間或花錢。）“可知，父

母應(yīng)該讓孩子們自己決定如何利用時間和金錢，讓孩子自己去嘗試。故選A。

20.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworkingtimejust

thinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.（現(xiàn)在它鼓勵人們花15%的工作時間來思考和發(fā)展新想法。）“所以該

公司決定其員工可將15%的上班時間用于發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，即：認識到了人們有必要把一些工作時間花在思考和

發(fā)展新想法上，故選D。

【高考真題變式題4】

Startingthisfall,primaryandmiddleschoolstudentsinChinawillhaveatleastoneweeklycourseonlabor

education,accordingtoanewcurriculum（課程）standardreleasedbytheMinistryofEducation（MOE）.

Laboreducationrangesfromhouseholdchorestoon-campuslaborandcommunityvolunteerservices,

generally3typesaccordingtothenewstandards:thefirstreferstoeverydaychores,includingcleaning,

organizing,cooking,andusingandmaintaininghomeappliances（家電）；nextisproductivelabor,including

agriculture,makingtraditionalhandicrafts（手工藝品），andapplyingnewtechnologiessuchas3Dprinting;the

thirdtypeisservicework,includingvolunteerwork.Thenewcurriculumalsocallsforaweekofextracurricular

andoff-campusactivitiesdesignedforlaboreducationonceeveryschoolyear.

ArecentstudyshowedthatprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsinChinaonlyspendanaverageof12

minutesadayonchores,comparedto72minutesintheUS,42minutesinSouthKoreaand30minutesinFrance.

Manycountriesstartstudents5laboreducationatayoungage.Finlandbeginstodevelopstudents5lifeskillsin

primaryschool.Spinning,woodworking,cookingandothercraftsmanshipclassesareoffered.InGermany,pupils

havetwolaborclassesperweek.Electronics,officetechnology,sewing,housekeepin