2017年2023年高考英語閱讀真題長難句解析(545551)講義高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

545.Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytopleteshortinclasswritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.【2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷】【語法詳析】but連接兩個(gè)簡單句；drawndirectlyfrom..非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語修飾tests;fromthepreviousclass介詞短語修飾notes【詞匯精講】1.varyv.不同;變化，變異Theproductmarkedbythepanyvarysignificantlyinthequalityandlabel.各公司標(biāo)識(shí)的產(chǎn)品在質(zhì)量和標(biāo)簽上差別很大。fromdaytoday天天，日復(fù)一日Theclient’soffermaybedifferentfromdaytoday.客戶的報(bào)價(jià)可能每天都不一樣。3.bereadyto預(yù)備，即將;甘于;肯;樂意Iamreadytopreparethefuturechallengeatanytime.我隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備迎接未來的挑戰(zhàn)。4.beimportantto對(duì)...重要Thewellbeingrelationshipbetweenthesocietyandthenaturalworldisimportanttous.社會(huì)與自然之間的和諧關(guān)系對(duì)我們來說很重要?！緟⒖甲g文】課堂活動(dòng)必須與日更新，但是學(xué)生肯定會(huì)更加愿意接受簡短的課堂習(xí)作或者從已經(jīng)分配好的閱讀材料單獨(dú)設(shè)計(jì)的小測，或者對(duì)前面的小組討論或者單獨(dú)講座的筆記，所以對(duì)于我們來說，在課堂上做筆記是重要的。546.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.【2021年新高考Ⅰ卷】【語法詳析】Toaccuratelyunderstand....做theability的定語修飾；how引導(dǎo)賓語從句；while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句【詞匯精講】accuratelyadv.正確無誤地，準(zhǔn)確地;精確地;如實(shí)Theycannotaccuratelyfinishthemathexamination.他們不能準(zhǔn)確地完成數(shù)學(xué)考試。understandv.明白，理解;了解;得知;默認(rèn);領(lǐng)會(huì);懂（某種語言）Theydonothaveabasicunderstandingofthesocialvalue.他們對(duì)社會(huì)價(jià)值沒有基本的認(rèn)識(shí)。3.victimn.受害者，遇難者;祭品，犧牲品Shewasoneoftheseriousvictimofanstreetattack.她是一次街頭襲擊的無辜受害者。4.potentialadj.潛在的Thepotentialdevelopmentofpanyhavebeenemergingintheindustry.公司的發(fā)展?jié)摿υ谛袠I(yè)中逐漸顯現(xiàn)。【參考譯文】能夠準(zhǔn)確了解一個(gè)人的所思所想可能是對(duì)于醫(yī)生來說，這是一個(gè)找到能夠最好幫助病人的方法，然而一個(gè)騙子卻利用這種能力來控制潛在的受害者。547.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobepletedinclassorshortassignmentstobepletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.【2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷】【語言詳析】Which引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾groupwork和assignment【詞匯精講】1.fromtimetotime偶爾FromtimetotimeIhaveacoldandcannotstopcoughingbecauseofmypoorhealth.由于身體不好，我不時(shí)得感冒，咳嗽個(gè)不停。2.assignto...確定;指定;分配給;歸因于Manyteachersarelikelytoassignthedifficulthomework.許多老師可能會(huì)布置困難的家庭作業(yè)。groupwork小組作業(yè)Groupworkisaimportantmeanstobuildupourteamspirit.小組工作是培養(yǎng)我們團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的重要手段。pleteadj.完全的，完整的;包含;齊全的，全部的;完成的;全能的Theycannotpletetheworkingtaskduetothelackofpotentialknowledge.由于缺乏潛在的知識(shí)，他們無法完成工作任務(wù)。gradeverb.評(píng)估/評(píng)分Someeducatorsareunwillingtogradethestudent’sworkbecausetheydonotwanttoseetheemergenceofblindparison.一些教育工作者不愿意給學(xué)生的作業(yè)打分，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌肟吹矫つ勘容^的出現(xiàn)?！緟⒖甲g文】另外一方面，我會(huì)偶爾布置課堂的小組作業(yè)或者允許在家完成的家庭作業(yè)，而且這兩個(gè)作業(yè)完成之后我都會(huì)給予分?jǐn)?shù)。548.Whaleygottheideaofthissecondgradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.【2019年全國Ⅰ卷】【語法詳析】if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句【詞匯精講】1.gettheideaof萌生一個(gè)想法關(guān)于...【同義替換】ewithaideaMarygettheideaofhowtoenablehischildtofacewiththedifficultypositively.瑪麗想到了怎樣使他的孩子能夠積極地面對(duì)困難。2.presidentialadj與總統(tǒng)有關(guān)的Thethosepeoplewhopossessthegreatabilitytakegoodpartinthepresidentialelection.那些有才能的人都參加了總統(tǒng)選舉。3.campaignnoun.運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役Theyarecampaigningtosavetheareafrombuildingdevelopment.他們正開展一場反對(duì)在這個(gè)地區(qū)進(jìn)行房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。4.projectnoun.項(xiàng)目【記憶】pro+ject+扔+扔向前面→投射;引申為工程項(xiàng)目（投標(biāo)投中的）Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotemunities.2019年高考英語北京卷閱讀理解閱讀A原文我們所有的項(xiàng)目都旨在促進(jìn)貧困和偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)的發(fā)展【參考譯文】惠利萌生一個(gè)想法，那就是讓二年級(jí)學(xué)生舉辦一個(gè)屬于他們自己的模擬總統(tǒng)競選項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)，初始時(shí)當(dāng)他想知道如果孩子們想自己從不成為一個(gè)總統(tǒng)但是某一天他們居然舉起他們的手。549.It'sjawdroppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly"（butquiteeatable）vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.(2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷)【語法詳析】How引導(dǎo)賓語從句；破折號(hào)后接同位語由from...to...補(bǔ)充修飾goodfood.；rejectedby和throwninto..做定語分別修飾vegetables和dishes.【詞匯精講】jawdroppingadj.指極度令人驚訝的，給人深刻印象的，或駭人聽聞的【功能】這是一種合成詞比如說breathtaking同樣的是表示驚訝Therecentcaraccidentcausedbyadrunkdrivermustbeprettyjawdroppingstuff.最近發(fā)生的由酒后駕車的司機(jī)引起的車禍一定是令人震驚的爆料2.eatableadj.可以吃的Themeatgoingbadcannotbeeatable.變質(zhì)的肉不能吃。3.amountsof大量的Thereareamountsofvegetablesintothegrocerystore.雜貨店里有大量的蔬菜。4throwaway扔掉;摒棄;浪費(fèi)，錯(cuò)過（機(jī)會(huì)）Theidlenessenablemanyyoungsterstothrowawayopportunity.懶惰使許多年輕人丟掉了機(jī)會(huì)。5.grocern.食品商;雜貨商Thegroceralwaysmakeadealwiththeirclientsatalowprice.雜貨商總是以低價(jià)與客戶達(dá)成交易?！緟⒖甲g文】讓完好的食物扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，這個(gè)行為是挺令人驚訝的；從形狀突兀但不影響食用的蔬菜得到雜貨店的老板拒絕，大量的沒吃過菜品被餐廳老板扔進(jìn)餐廳的廚余垃圾桶。550.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeup//thatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.”Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskillbasedemotionalintelligence.【2021年新高考Ⅰ卷】【語法詳析】as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾makeup;第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句【詞匯精講】1.misunderstand誤解Ipletelymisunderstoodherintentions.我完全誤會(huì)了她的意圖。2.emotionalintelligence情感智力Agoodseniorexecutivemayhaveahighlevelofemotionalintelligence.一名優(yōu)秀的高管可能擁有高水平的情商。3.desirableadj.令人滿意的;值得擁有的;可取的;性感的Itisdesirablethatinterestratesshouldbereduced.利率下調(diào)是可取的。4.measurev.衡量;測量;量度為…;估量Thedepthofswimmingpoolcanbemeasured.游泳池的深度是可以測量的。5.makeupn.化妝;補(bǔ)充;構(gòu)造;體格Shecheckedhermakeuponelasttime,andthenwalkedoutwithaspringinherstep.她最后檢查了一下妝容，然后步履輕盈地走了出去。6.contributeto有助于...Thefavourablerelationshipbetweenthepanyandtheclientwillbecontributetomakeadeal.公司和客戶之間良好的關(guān)系將有助于達(dá)成交易。7.farbeyond遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出Whatyoucandomaybefarbeyondthechallengeofthepany’sfuturedevelopment.你所能做的可能遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了公司未來發(fā)展的挑戰(zhàn)?！緟⒖甲g文】如今大多數(shù)人都會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)人的情感智力產(chǎn)生誤解，因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)這種智力就好像一個(gè)人妝容的每一個(gè)部分表示滿意，這些部分沒法用智力測試進(jìn)行檢測，比如說性格，驅(qū)動(dòng)力，自信，精神穩(wěn)定性，積極性，還有人類基本技能。有研究表示情感技能有助于發(fā)展這些人類品質(zhì)，但是大部分的能力都遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超于情感技能。551.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstotheputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.【2019年全國一卷】【語法詳析】Byextension即是句子的插入語；兩個(gè)whether都是引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句【詞匯詳析】keyboard鍵盤Akeyboardplayermustbeenthusiasticaboutthepopmusic.鍵盤手必須對(duì)流行音樂充滿熱情。Determinev.查明;測定;準(zhǔn)確算出;決定;敲定，安排;下決心Thepredict