三年（21-23）高考真題匯編分項解讀及變式13 閱讀理解D篇真題變式題（乙卷解析版）

2023年高考真題變式題分類匯編

專題13

網(wǎng)讀理解D篇真題變式題（全國Z卷）

[2023年高考真題】

Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,you

cannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,for

mostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmany

literate（有文字的）societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.

Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojust

that,butinmanycaseswesimplycan't.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryis

perhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook'svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.From

theEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,

wehaveonlyawoodenshield（盾）droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewantto

reconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyand

strictlyasthewrittenreports.

Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyor

deliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoften

haveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleof

BeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmost

powerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenwe

considercontact（聯(lián)系）betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsare

necessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehaveto

readnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.

1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.

C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.

2.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?

A.Hisreportwasscientific.B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.

C.HeruledoverBotanyBay.D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation“inparagraph3referto?

A.Problem.B.History.C.Voice.D.Society.

4.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?

A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB.AShortHistoryofAustralia

C.AHistoryoftheWorldin100ObjectsD.HowArtWorksTellStories

【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.C

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。本文討論了僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史的局限性，并強調(diào)了將物

品納入歷史敘事以更好地理解無文字社會的重要性。

1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnot

privilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhad

texts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,and

untilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate（有文字的）societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutin

things.（如果你想講述整個世界的歷史,一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，

因為世界上只有一部分人曾經(jīng)有過文本，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時間里，都沒有。寫作是人類較晚

的成就之一，直到最近，甚至許多有文字的社會也不僅用文字，而且用物件來記錄他們所關心的事情。y

可推知，第一段主要講述的是歷史應該如何呈現(xiàn)給我們。故選A。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段首句"Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsome

chaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan't（理想情況下，歷史應該將文本

和物品結(jié)合在一起，本書的某些章節(jié)能夠做到這一點，但在許多情況下，我們根本做不到。）”可推斷，作

者認為歷史應該是文本和物品相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，但是很多情況下，我們做不到。再根據(jù)所舉例子的下文“From

theEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,

wehaveonlyawoodenshield（盾）droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.（在英國方面，

我們有科學報告和船長對那可怕的一天的記錄。從澳大利亞方面來看，我們只有一個木制盾牌，這是一名

男子在第一次經(jīng)歷槍擊后在飛行中扔下的。廠可知，作者舉這個例子是為了說明船長的記錄是片面的，只

從自己的角度描述了問題。故選D。

3.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleof

BeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmost

powerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenwe

considercontact（聯(lián)系）betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsare

necessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.（力口勒比海的泰諾人、澳大利亞的土著人、貝寧的非洲人以及

印加人，所有這些人都出現(xiàn)在這本書中，他們現(xiàn)在都可以通過他們制造的物品向我們講述他們過去最強大

的成就：通過物品講述的歷史給了他們一個聲音。當我們考慮諸如此類的有文化社會和無文化社會之間的

接觸時，我們所有的第一手資料都必然是扭曲的，只有對話的一半。戶結(jié)合劃線句“Ifwearetofindtheother

halfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.（如果我們要找至!J對話的另一半，我

們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物體。）”可知，我們對過去歷史的了解，只是書寫歷史的人所想要讓我們了解的

歷史，如果我們想要了解歷史的另一半，我們不僅僅要讀文本也要讀對象。所以conversation指的是“歷史”。

故選B。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnot

privilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhad

texts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.（如果你想講述整個世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一

部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，因為世界上只有一部分人的歷史曾經(jīng)被文字記錄過，而

世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時間里，都沒有。）“結(jié)合最后一段的“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthat

conversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.（如果我們要找至！J對話的另一半，我們不僅要讀

文本，還要讀物體。戶可知，本文講述僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史有局限性，想要更好的了解歷史

就要將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起。從而推斷文章最有可能選自《100件物品中的世界史》。故選C。

【高考真題變式題1】

Scienceisaprocessthatbuildsuponexistingtheoriesandknowledgebycontinuouslyrevisingthem.Every

aspectofscientificknowledgecanbequestioned,includingthegeneralrulesofthinkingthatappeartobemost

certain.Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?Iftomorrowwewillnolongerseetheworldas

NewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday5sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?

Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,thisdescriptionoftheworldisthebest

wehave.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan'tdiminish（降彳氐）thefactthatitisausefulinstrumentfor

understandingtheworld.

Considerafolkhealer'sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis“scientific"?Yes,ifitisproventobe

effective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewcommonmedicationsusedtodayhavetheir

origininfolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnotimplythatfolktreatmentsare

generallyeffective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.Whatdistinguishesscientificmedicineisthereadiness

toseriouslytestatreatmentandtobereadytochangeourmindsifsomethingisshownnottowork.Aresearch

doctorinamodernhospitalmustbereadytochangehistheoryifamoreeffectivewayofunderstandingillness,or

treatingit,becomesavailable.

Whatmakesmodernscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelievethatitalreadypossessesultimatetruth.

Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonacompleteabsenceofcertainty.AsJohnStuartMill

wrotein“OnLiberty^^in1859,“Thebeliefswhichwehavemostwarrant（依據(jù)）for,havenosafeguardtoreston,

butastandinginvitationtothewholeworldtoprovethemunfounded.

5.Whydoestheauthorraisethetwoquestionsinparagraph1?

A.Toaddsomefun.B.Toexpressdoubts.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Toprovidebackground.

6.Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?

A.Itcanbetimeless.B.Itcanbeimproved.

C.Itisoflittlevalue.D.Itisthebestatanymoment.

7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardfolktreatment?

A.Dismissive.B.Objective.C.Pessimistic.D.Sympathetic.

8.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?

A.Itisunwisetobelieveinscience.

B.Toomuchuncertaintyliesinscience.

C.Thefoundationofscienceisunfounded.

D.Thelackofcertaintymakessciencecredible.

【答案】5.c6.B7.B8.D

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了盡管科學總是在變化，但是它還是值得信賴的原因。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?Iftomorrowwe

willnolongerseetheworldasNewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday'sscientific

descriptionoftheworld?（那么，如果科學總是在變化，為什么它是值得信賴的呢？如果明天我們看到的世界

不再像牛頓或愛因斯坦發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，我們?yōu)槭裁匆J真對待今天對世界的科學描述呢？戶及下文論述可推

知，作者在第一段中提出了兩個問題是為了引入文章話題。故選C。

6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,this

descriptionoftheworldisthebestwehave.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan'tdiminish（降彳氐）thefactthat

itisausefulinstrumentforunderstandingtheworld.（答案很簡單：因為在我們歷史的任何時刻，這種對世界的

描述都是我們擁有的最好的描述。它可以變得更好這一事實不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具這一事實）”

可知，今天對世界的科學描述還可以改進。故選B。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Considerafolkhealer'sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis

“scientific"?Yes,ifitisproventobeeffective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewcommon

medicationsusedtodayhavetheirorigininfolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnot

implythatfolktreatmentsaregenerallyeffective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.（考慮一下民間治療師的

草藥。我們能說這種治療是“科學的”嗎？是的，如果它被證明是有效的，即使我們不知道它為什么有效。

事實上，今天使用的許多常用藥物都起源于民間治療，我們?nèi)匀徊淮_定它們是如何起作用的。這并不意味

著民間療法通常是有效的。相反，許多民間療法并非如此）”可知，作者既陳述了民間治療的優(yōu)點，又提到

了不足。由此推知，作者對民間治療持客觀態(tài)度。故選B。

8.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Whatmakesmodemscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelieve

thatitalreadypossessesultimatetruth.Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonacomplete

absenceofcertainty.（現(xiàn)代科學之所以具有獨特的力量，是因為它拒絕相信自己已經(jīng)掌握了終極真理。科學

的可靠性不是建立在確定的基礎上，而是建立在完全不確定的基礎上廣可知，第四段主要論述了缺乏確定

性使得科學可信。故選D。

【高考真題變式題2】

Whomshouldyoumarry?Whereshouldyoulive?Howshouldyouspendyourtime?Forcenturies,people

havereliedontheirgutinstincts（直覺）tofigureouttheanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.Now,though,

thereisabetterway.Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsof

humanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebest

coursetochart.

Therehaslongbeenoverwhelming-andoftensurprising-evidencethatalgorithms（算法）canbemuchbetter

thanpeopleatmakingdifficultdecisions.Researchershavecollecteddataonvariouskindsofchoicespeople

make,theinformationtheybasethosechoiceson,andhowthingsturnout.Theyhavefound,forexample,thata

simpledata-drivenalgorithmwouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayin

jail（監(jiān)獄）orbereleased;betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthan

schoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.

Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.Asmadefamousbythe

bookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanscouts（物色優(yōu)秀運動員的人）

atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.Infinance,thehedgefund（避險基金）

RenaissanceTechnologiesdramaticallydefeatedcompetitorsbyseekingoutpatternsinstockmarketdataand

usingthemtoinformitsinvestmentstrategy.TechfirmsinSiliconValleyhavefoundthatdatafromexperiments

providesbetterinsightsintohowtodesigntheirwebsitesthandesignerscould.

Thesearetheearlydaysofthedatarevolutionindecision-making.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletely

outsource（夕卜包）ourlifestylechoicestoalgorithms,thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiming

insteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousands

ormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.

9.Whatmakespeoplebetteratfindinganswerstolife-changingquestions?

A.Peopledbettergutinstincts.B.Changedhumanbehavior.

C.Themoderninformationera.D.Variouscoursesaccessible.

10.Accordingtoparagraph2,algorithmsmightNOTdefeatpeoplein.

A.courtrulingsB.jobpromotions

C.operativeestimationD.teachingpractices

11.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?

A.TheplotofthemovieMoneyballisrelatedtosuccessfuldataanalysis.

B.Scoutsandmanagersarenotneededinsuccessfulbaseballteams.

C.ThehedgefundRenaissanceTechnologieshadsomefinancialproblems.

D.TechfirmsinSiliconValleymainlyreliedondatatodesignwebsites.

12.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?

A.Themodeminformationeraismatureenoughtotakeadvantageof.

B.Peopleshouldoutsourceallthelifestylechoicestoalgorithms.

C.Withbigdatapeoplecanlearnfromcountlesssimilarexamples.

D.Face-to-faceconsultationwillbethemajortrendinthefuture.

【答案】9.C10.D11.A12.C

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。作者陳述并論證了自己的觀點：我們應該擁抱大數(shù)據(jù)讓它參與人生重大

決定。

9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的"Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsof

informationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdata

tohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.（我們正生活在一個數(shù)據(jù)爆炸的時代，關于人類行為各個方面的大量

信息變得越來越容易獲取。我們可以利用這些大數(shù)據(jù)來幫助確定繪制地圖的最佳路線。廠可知。作者主要

的觀點是在信息時代利用大數(shù)據(jù)去幫助自己決定選擇哪條路徑。故選c項。

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"Theyhavefound,forexample,thatasimpledata-drivenalgorithm

wouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjail（監(jiān)獄）orbereleased;

betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthanschoolprincipalsat

decidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.（例如，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個簡單的數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動算法在決定被告是應該

留在監(jiān)獄還是釋放時，會比法官做得更好；在決定病人是否應該接受手術(shù)方面比醫(yī)生做得更好；而且比學

校校長更擅長決定哪些老師應該升職。）”可知，數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的算法在這些方面表現(xiàn)更好：在法官決定被告人

是該監(jiān)禁還是釋放方面；在醫(yī)生決定病人是否該做手術(shù)方面；在學校校長決定哪些老師應該升職方面，在

以上方面，算法都比人類做的好，由此可知，只有“教學實踐”方面有可能不會打敗人類。故選D項。

11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusiness

worlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetter

thanscouts（物色優(yōu)秀運動員的人）atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.（數(shù)據(jù)分析

的力量在體育和商業(yè)領域也得到了證明。正如書和電影《點球成金》（Moneyball）所述，棒球隊發(fā)現(xiàn)算法在

挑選球員方面比球探好，在挑選策略方面比經(jīng)理好。廠可知，在電影《點球成金》中，算法在挑選球員和

挑選策略方面比人類要好，由此可知，電影“點球成金”中的情節(jié)與成功的數(shù)據(jù)分析有關系。故選A項。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的"Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveour

decision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilar

toours.Andwecandothatnow.（相反，我認為我們都可以通過咨詢從成千上萬與我們面臨類似困境的人那

里獲得的證據(jù)來顯著改善我們的決策。我們現(xiàn)在就能做到。廣可知，作者認為，在眾多面臨著類似的困境

的人那里獲取的數(shù)據(jù)，能極大地幫助人們的決策，所以作者應該贊成“我們可以運用大數(shù)據(jù)從類似的例子

中學習”這一觀點。故選C項。

【高考真題變式題3】

WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,4tWell,Ispeak

perfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.

Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent“isthattheiraccentisdifferent

fromthelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingand

couldgiverisetoprejudice.Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.It

istheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon'thearityourself,you

speakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,ifspointlesstopointoutthatsomeonecahasanaccent"".Wealldo!

Everypersonspeaksadialect,too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguagethatis

characterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,66Yougoteatornot?”(meaning

“Haveyoueaten?")isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.Thefactthatthis

expressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn'tmeanthatSingaporeOral

Englishis“wrong"or"ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingto

nativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers5solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit'sdifferent?

Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects-forthebenefitofeveryone.

Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople'sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Ina

globalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone'sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkaboutthe

culturesbehindtheirspeech.We'dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.

13.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends9responseinparagraph1?

A.Itreflectstheirselfconfidence.

B.Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.

C.Itmissesthepointofcommunication.

D.Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents.

14.WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?

A.Tojustifytheuseofdialects.

B.Toshowthediversityofdialects.

C.Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake.

D.Tohighlightatraditionalapproach.

15.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendustodointhelastparagraph?

A.Learntospeakwithyourlocaldialect.

B.Seekforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.

C.Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects.

D.Distinguishourlocallanguagesfromothers5.

16.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsaccent?

A.FavourableB.Intolerant

C.DoubtfulD.Unclear

【答案】13.D14.A15.C16.A

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了每個人都有口音。從這個意義上說，指出某人“有口音”是毫

無意義的。語言差異可以幫助人們洞察他人的文化經(jīng)歷和背景，因此我們要欣賞口音和方言的價值。

13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthem

proudlyreplied,4tWell,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.^^Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.（當我向一些朋友

提到我們都有口音時，他們中的大多數(shù)人都自豪地回答說：“好吧，我的英語/漢語等都說得很好?！钡@種

說法沒有切中要害。廣可知，作者認為他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含義。故選D。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingto

nativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers9solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseifsdifferent?

（根據(jù)新加坡英語使用者扎實的語法體系，這個句子結(jié)構(gòu)良好，溝通清晰。為什么僅僅因為它不同就應該是

錯誤的？）”可知，作者認為不能因為它不同就認為它是錯的。所以作者使用新加坡口語的例子是在為使用

方言進行辯護。故選A。

15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople'scultural

experiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone'sidentity.Mostpeople

wouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We'dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinand

makefriendsalongtheway.（像這樣的語言差異可以洞察人們的文化經(jīng)歷和背景。在一個全球化的時代，一

個人說話的方式是一個人身份的一個獨特部分。大多數(shù)人都樂于談論他們演講背后的文化。我們會更多地

了解我們生活的世界，并在這一過程中結(jié)交朋友。廠可知，作者在最后一段中建議我們欣賞口音和方言的

價值，這樣我們可以更好了解我們的世界，交更多的朋友。故選C。

16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople'scultural

experiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone'sidentity.Mostpeople

wouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We'dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinand

makefriendsalongtheway.（像這樣的語言差異可以洞察人們的文化經(jīng)歷和背景。在一個全球化的時代，一

個人說話的方式是一個人身份的一個獨特部分。大多數(shù)人都樂于談論他們演講背后的文化。我們會更多地

了解我們生活的世界，并在這一過程中結(jié)交朋友。）”可推知，作者建議我們欣賞口音和方言的價值，故他

對方言的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A。

【高考真題變式題4】

Youknowyouhaveto“readbetweenlines/41wanttopersuadeyoutodosomethingequallyimportantinthe

courseofyourreading.Iwanttopersuadeyouto“writebetweenthelines.64Unlessyoudo,youarenotlikelyto

dothemostefficient（效率高的）kindofreading.

Iinsistthatmakingupabookisnotanactofdamagebutoflove.

Therearetwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirstisthepropertyrightyouhavebybuyingit,justas

youpayforclothesandfurniture.Butthisactofbuyingisonlythefirststeptopossession.Fullownershipcomes

onlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself,andthebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.A

comparisonmaymakethepointclear.Youbuyapieceofbeeffromthebutcher9sicebox.Butyoudonotownthe

beefinthemostimportantsenseuntilyoueatitandgetitintoyourblood.Iamarguingthatbooks,too,mustbe

absorbedinyourbloodtodoyouanygood.

Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthasallthestandardsetsandbestsellersunread,untouched.

Thesecondhasagreatmanybooks-afewofthemreadthrough,mostofthemdippedinto,butallofthemas

cleanandshinyasthedaytheywerebought.Thethirdhasafewbookseveryoneofthemworn,shakenand

loose-nedbycontinualuse,markedfromfronttoback.

Whyismakingupabooknecessarytoreadit?

First,itkeepsyouwideawake.Inthesecondplace,reading,ifitisactive,isthinking,andthinkingtendsto

expressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.Themarkedbooksisusuallythethoughtthroughthebook.Finally,

writinghelpsyourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtstheauthorexpressed.

17.Thethirdkindofbookownersmustbe.

A.experienced