重組卷05-2023年高考英語真題重組卷(課標(biāo)全國卷) (解析版)

絕密★啟用前

沖刺2023年高考英語真題重組卷05

課標(biāo)全國卷（解析版）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考試務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需

改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)，回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，

寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分:聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)

涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳

選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下小題。每段對(duì)話

僅讀一遍。

1.（2021?全國?高考真題）Whatdresssizedoesthewomanwant?

A.8.B.10.C.12.

【答案】C

【原文】M:CanIhelpyou?

W:Γmlookingforasizetwelvedress.

M:Oh,letmesee.Aneight,aten.Ah,you'relucky.1havetheprettiestdresshereinatwelve.

Whydon,tyoutryiton?

2.（2020?全國?高考真題）Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?

A.Bydeletingunnecessarywords.

B.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.

C.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.

【答案】A

【原文】M:MissMiller,couldyoutellmehowIcanimprovethisarticle?IgotBplus.

W:It'squitegood,actually.Thelanguageusedisgoodandthemainpointsarecovered.Thereis

justtoomuchrepetition.Youcouldhavesaideverythingwithintwopages.

3.（2020?全國?高考真題）WhatdoesDonnaoffertodoforBill?

A.Bookaflightforhim.B.Drivehimtotheairport.C.Helphimparkthecar.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Donna,haveyoubookedtheflighttoLondonforme?

W:Sure,Bill.Doyouneedaridetotheairport?Icandoit.

M:No,thanks.Iwillparkmycarattheaiιport.

4.（2022?全國?高考真題）Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?

A.It,sbig.B.It,squiet.C.It,snew.

【答案】B

【原文】W:John,can,tWegosomeplaceandtalk?It,ssonoisyinhere.

M:Well,there,sasmallparkacrossthestreet.It,susuallynotcrowdedatthistimeofday.

5.（2022?全國?高考真題）Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?

A.It,sbig.B.It,squiet.C.Ifsnew.

【答案】B

【原文】W:John,can,twegosomeplaceandtalk?It,ssonoisyinhere.

M:Well,there,sasmallparkacrossthestreet.It,susuallynotcrowdedatthistimeofday.

第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題L5分，滿分22?5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完

后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

（2020?全國?高考真題）聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?

A.Toinvitehimtoaparty.

B.Todiscussaschedule.

C.Tocalloffameeting.

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?

A.Theyarecolleagues.

B.Theyareclosefriends.

C.They,venevermetbefore.

【答案】6.C7.C

【原文】W:Hello,HelenSmithspeaking,canIhelpyou?

M:Hello,thisisDavid.CouldIspeaktoMike,please?

W:Iamafraidheisnotavailableatthemoment,wouldyouleaveamessage?

M:Yes,1amcallingtocancelthemeetingWescheduledforthisafternoon.

W:OK,letmetakethisdown.Could1haveyournameagain?

MiCertainly,it'sDavidStone.

（2022?全國?高考真題）聽第7段材料，回到第8-10題。

8.WhatdidPeterIeamfromhisgrandfather?

A.Howtoappreciateartworks.

B.Howtodealwithartists.

C.Howtorunamuseum.

9.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?

A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.

10.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?

A.Rembrandt's.B.Botticelli,s.C.Rubens9.

【答案】8.A9.A10.C

【原文】W:SoMrPeterSels,I,dbecurioustoknowwhatweretheearlyconnectionsinyourlife

thatletyouintotheartfield?

M:MygrandfatherwasanartdealerinMunich.TheyhadagreatmuseuminMunich.Hetookme

tothemuseum,andIrespondedverystronglytowhatIsawonthewallsthere.Ilearnedaboutart

fromhim,Ilearnedaboutlookingatartfromhim.Ithinkthat,swhatreallygotmestarted.Then

manyyearslater,afterIgotoutofthearmy,IwenttostudyarthistoryattheUniversityof

Chicago.

W:Tellusmoreaboutyourexperiencesoflookingatartwithyourgrandfather.

M:Well,welookedatthefamouspaintingsbythegreatartistslikeRembrandt,Botticelli,and

AlbertDurer.Ruben,spaintingsweremyfavorites.Yes,Irememberthesethings.ThiswaswhenI

wasbetween10and15.WhenIwas14,1wassoanxioustoseemoreartthatafriendofmineand

IbicycledacrosstheAlpstoseeVenice.Thatwasabigadventure.

（2021?全國?高考真題）聽第8段材料，回答第11?13題。

11.WhatdidDaviddoonhismostrecentholiday?

A.Hehadaboattrip.B.Hetookaballoonflight.C.Heclimbedamountain.

12.WhatisonDavid'slist?

A.Giftsheneededtobuy.B.Thingshewishedtodo.C.Dateshehadtoremember.

13.WheredoesthewomansuggestDavidgoforhisnextholiday?

A.Australia.B.California.C.TheAmazon.

【答案】11?C12.B13.C

［原文】W:David,howwasyourholiday?

M:Great,IclimbedMountFuji.Itwasreallybeautiful.NowIcancheckonemorethingoffmy

list.

W:Yourlist?

M:Yes.When1was12,1madealistofthings?wantedtodosomeday.

W:That,sinteresting.Howmanyofthethingsonyourlisthaveyoudonesofar?

M:Almosthalf.Ihavepictures.Wouldyouliketoseethem?

W:Yes,sure.

M:Here1amontopofMountFuji.Andhere?aminahotairballoon.

W:Whendidyoudothat?Γvealwayswantedtogoupinahotairballoon.

M:Itwastwoyearsago,inAugust,inCalifornia.

W:Whatareyourplansforthenextholiday?

M:Γmthinkingofdeep-seadivinginAustralia.Doyouhaveanyothersuggestions?

W:YoureallyoughttotakeaboatdowntheAmazon.You,llseealotofinterestinganimalsand

beautifultrees.It,soneofthebestplacesΓvebeento.

M:OK.Γllputitonmylist.

（2021.全國,高考真題）聽第9段材料，回到第14?16題。

14.WhatwasProf.Stone'sgrandfatherafraidof?

A.Leavinghishome.

B.Partingfromhisson.

C.Takingearlyretirement.

15.WhatdoesoldagemeantomanyelderlyAmericans?

A.Lackofmoralsupport.B.Lossofseli-worth.C.Changeoflivinghabits.

16.WhatwillProf.Stonetalkaboutnextconcerningelderlypeople?

A.Publicservicestheyaskfor.

B.Healthcareavailabletothem.

C.Contributionstheycanmake.

【答案】14.A15.B16.C

【原文】W:Hello,ladiesandgentlemen!Today,wehaveinvitedProf.Stonetotalkabouttherole

ofelderlypeopleinoursociety.Welcometoourshow,Prof.Stone.

M:Tobeginwith,Γdliketotellastoryfrommyownlife.Severalyearsago,whenmy

grandparentswerewellintotheir80s,theywerenolongerabletocareforthemselvesverywell.

Mygrandfatherwasafraidofleavingtheonlyhometheyhadknownforthepast60years.The

ideaofhavingtoselltheirhomeandmoveintoaretirementhomewasanextremelypainful

experienceforthem.Indeed,oldageforthem,andmanyoldAmericanscanmeannotonlythe

possiblefailureofone,shealth,butthelossofidentityandself-worth.

W:Yes,it,strue.Whatdoyouhavetosayabouttheproblemofoldage?

M:Manyexpertshavegiventalksherethathavefocusedonthemedicalcare,andthe

developmentofpublicservicesforseniorcitizens.Today,I,dliketofocusmycommentsonthe

meaningfulrolesthatelderlycanplayandshouldplayinoursociety.

（2018?全國?高考真題）聽第10段材料，回到第17-20Sgo

17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?

A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.

18?WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?

A.Toworkforadanceschool.

B?Toperformatadancetheater.

C.Tolearncontemporarydance.

19.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?

A.Shewastoooldtodance.

B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.

C.Shelostinterestinit.

20.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?

A.She,spleased.B.She,sregretful.C.She,supset

【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.A

【原文】Text10MynameisEmily.Ihadbeenadancerforquitealongtime.Istartedstudying

balletwhenIwassixyearsold.BythetimeIwasnine,Iwasdancingfivedaysaweek.WhenI

waseighteen,IdecidedthatIreallyprefeιτedcontemporarydanceandthatIwantedtodoit

professionally.SoIappliedsuccessfullyforthetrainingprogramattheschoolofTorontoDance

Theatre,andmovedtoTorontotoattendtheprogram.ThatwastheperiodoftimeIenjoyedmost

inToronto.Igraduatedonscholarshipanddancedprofessionallyfortenyears.Butafterallthose

years,Ifoundthatdancewasgraduallybecomingsomethingthatfeltlikemoreofaburdenthana

joy.Ifoundmyselfincreasinglyunwillingtodragmyselftodanceperformances,soIquit.Ido

missdanceoften.ButitmakesmehappythinkthatI,llneverhavetogotoanothertraining

sessionagain.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

(2022?全國?高考真題)GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay

1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.Allthe

assignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningand

coursemanagementsystem.

DailyWorkZIn-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshort

in-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass*

lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimeto

time?willassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedat

home,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperiodit

islate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignments

notcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsence

willbeaccepted.

21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.

22.Howmanypartsisastudent,sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

【答案】21,C22.B23.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。

21.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文學(xué)概論課程

評(píng)分辦法)''和ESSayS(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartof

Ihegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章將構(gòu)成本課程評(píng)分的主要部分)”可知，文章介

紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。由此推知，本文是出自一個(gè)課程計(jì)劃。故選C項(xiàng)。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑體小標(biāo)題"Essays(60%)”以及“GroupAssignments(30%)”和"Daily

Work/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知，學(xué)生的最終成績由3

部分組成。故選B項(xiàng)。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"LateWOrk”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,it

WinearnaZero.(如果沒有在截止日期后的第4天上交，將會(huì)得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日

期后?周才交文章，你將會(huì)得零分。故選A項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)睛】

B

（2022?全國?高考真題）AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedby

agroupoflittleGentoopenguins（企鵝）longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeepers

welcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.

Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouther

career（職業(yè)）asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.

Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimeto

IakeIheplunge.

AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotravelthe

world,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshe

discoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoff

TierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.t?IjustdecidedIwanted

togo,“shesays.?tIhadnoideaaboutwhatΓdfindthereandIwasn,tnervous,Ijustwantedtodo

it.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”

InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe,dnevermetbefore,tobeginthe

journeytowardsAntarctica.??Froιnseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewhole

experiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,"Ginnisays.

“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesome

prehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsit

wasmakingunderwater.”

Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggest

thingsthathithometoGinni.

24.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains??taketheplunge“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.

C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.

25.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?

A.Lovelypenguins.B.Beautifulscenery.

C.Adiscountfare.D.Afriend,sinvitation.

26.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?

A.Itcouldbeahomeforher.B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.

C.Itshouldbewellpreserved.D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.

27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Achildhooddream.B.Anunforgettableexperience.

C.Sailingaroundtheworld.D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.

【答案】24.A25.C26.C27.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是?篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了71歲的GinniBaZlinton從小就對(duì)旅行有著深深

的熱愛，渴望探險(xiǎn)，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2（）08年開始

了前往南極洲的旅程。

24.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelated

Arts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanand

ChiIe.（在奇切斯特大學(xué)獲得相關(guān)藝術(shù)學(xué)位后，Ginni開始周游世界，最終在日本和智利找到

了教英語的工作。）“可知，此處是指做有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情，所以taketheplunge意為“嘗試有挑

戰(zhàn)性的事情”。故選A。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minute

cheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.（正是在智利，她發(fā)

現(xiàn)自己可以在最后一刻買到從火地島附近島嶼前往南極洲的廉價(jià)船票）”可知，是折扣的票價(jià)

讓Ginni決定去南極洲旅行的。故選C。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedby

humans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.（意識(shí)至!］這是一塊寶貴的土地，應(yīng)

該受到人類的尊重，這是Ginni最深刻的感受之一）”可知，旅行結(jié)束后，Ginni認(rèn)為南極洲

應(yīng)該得到很好的保護(hù)。故選C。

27.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了GinniBaZIinton去南極旅行的經(jīng)歷，再根

據(jù)第一段"Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatrip

Ginniwouldneverforget.（這些溫柔可愛的看門人歡迎了她，并開始了一次Ginni永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘

記的旅行廠和倒數(shù)第二段GinniBazlinton對(duì)南極之旅的評(píng)價(jià)可知，文章主要介紹了Ginni

Bazlinton的南極洲之旅讓她非常難忘。由此可知，AnUnforgettableeXPerienCe.（一次難忘的

經(jīng)歷）能夠概括文章主旨。故選B。

【點(diǎn)睛】

C

（2022?全國?高考真題）Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthe

common"m”and"a"totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertain

soundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-related

changesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalled

labiodentals,suchas"f'and"v"，weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofter

foods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,

hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned

（對(duì)齊）,makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptothe

upperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）,makingiteasiertoproduce

suchsounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagriculture

intheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn,thavetodo

asmuchworkandsodidn,tgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesound

ofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof"F'andincreasingremarkably

duringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmany

hunter-gathererpeopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhen

humanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.4?ThesetofspeechsoundsWeusehasnot

necessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyof

speechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiological

changeandculturalevolution,,,saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.

28.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi,sresearchfocuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Itsdevelopment.

29.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

30.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

31.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹因?yàn)轱嬍车母淖儗?dǎo)致了現(xiàn)在在世界上一半的語言

中發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的語音。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockett

notedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas'f'and"v",weremorecommoninthe

languagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiatthe

UniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.（30多年前，學(xué)者

CharIeSHoCkett注意到，被稱為唇齒音的語音，如“『和“v”，在吃軟食物的社會(huì)的語言中更

常見?，F(xiàn)在，瑞士蘇黎世大學(xué)的DamianBlaSi領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一組研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一趨勢(shì)產(chǎn)生的方

式和原因）“可知，DamianBIaSi的研究關(guān)注的是這一趨勢(shì)是如何產(chǎn)生的以及產(chǎn)生的原因，可

知他的研究重點(diǎn)是在語言的演變上。故選D項(xiàng)。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethof

ancienthumanadultswerealigned,makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedby

touchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure,making

iteasiertoproducesuchSoUndS.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，古人類的上門牙和下門牙是對(duì)齊的，因此很難產(chǎn)

生唇齒音,唇齒音是通過下唇接觸上牙齒而形成的。后來,我們的下顆變成了覆蓋咬合結(jié)構(gòu)，

更容易發(fā)出這樣的聲音）”可知，因?yàn)楣糯赡耆艘驗(yàn)樯舷麻T牙是對(duì)齊的，他們的下顆結(jié)構(gòu)跟

現(xiàn)在的我們不一樣，這就導(dǎo)致他們發(fā)不出這個(gè)唇齒音，也就是說他們的下顆結(jié)構(gòu)使他們很難

發(fā)出唇齒音。故選C項(xiàng)。

30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中的"Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewas

aglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesafterthesoNeolithicage,withtheuseof"F'and

''''increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundin

thelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.（對(duì)語言數(shù)據(jù)庫的分析也證實(shí)，在新石器時(shí)

代之后，世界語言的發(fā)音發(fā)生了全球性的變化，在過去幾千年里，“F和“v”的使用顯著增加。

這些聲音在今天許多狩獵采集者的語言中仍然沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)）”可知，此段主要是通過介紹語言數(shù)

據(jù)庫的分析結(jié)果來證實(shí)語音是發(fā)生了很大變化，有些以前使用的語音，現(xiàn)在不一定找得到，

因此此處主要是通過相關(guān)證據(jù)進(jìn)一步證明研究結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“"Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarily

remainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeech

soundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchange

andculturalevolution,,,saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.（研究小組成員Steven

MOran說：“自從人類出現(xiàn)以來，我們使用的語音不一定保持穩(wěn)定，我們今天發(fā)現(xiàn)的各種語

音都是生物變化和文化進(jìn)化等復(fù)雜相互作用的產(chǎn)物。可知，人類的語意一直在發(fā)展變化

中，并不會(huì)?成不變，而且會(huì)因生物變化和文化變化等進(jìn)行復(fù)雜的相互作用而改變，因此可

知StevenMoran認(rèn)為語音是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)睛】

D

（2022?全國?高考真題）Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.The

arugula（芝麻菜）wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.But?ended

upworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.But

asdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;I

couldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“fbodwastegoesagainstthe

moralgrain,,,asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.It,sjaw-droppinghowmuch

perfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway-from"ugly”（butquiteeatable）vegetablesrejectedby

grocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.

Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,??iffoodwastewerea

countιy,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”

Ifthat,shardtounderstand,let,skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmy

refrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bones

ofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitchenin

Washington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecovered

morethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有瑕疵的）

producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,

cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon,tthink.fctEveiyonecanplayapartin

reducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingor

byaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon,teat,“Curtinsays.

32.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.

33.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.

C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

34.WhatdoesCurtin,scompanydo?

A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B?Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.

C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.

35.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B?Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械氖澄锢速M(fèi)現(xiàn)象以及華盛頓DC中

央廚房的首席執(zhí)行官科廷為解決食物浪費(fèi)而采取的努力。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoesto

WaSte.（像我們大多數(shù)人一樣，我努力關(guān)注那些被浪費(fèi)的食物）”及"Butasdayspassed,the

arugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;Icouldhavemadesix

saladswithwhatIthrewOUl.（但隨著時(shí)間的推移，芝麻菜變壞了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地

買了太多東西；我扔掉的東西可以做六份沙拉）“可推知，作者想通過講述芝麻菜的故事來表

明我們有時(shí)會(huì)無意間浪費(fèi)食物。故選B項(xiàng)。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother,

resourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,

“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesinthe

WOrkr（生產(chǎn)沒人吃的食物會(huì)浪費(fèi)用于種植食物的水、燃料和其他資源。這使得食物浪費(fèi)成

為一個(gè)環(huán)境問題。事實(shí)上，羅伊特寫道，“如果食物浪費(fèi)是一個(gè)國家，它將是世界上第三大

溫室氣體排放國?！皬V可知，浪費(fèi)食物的一個(gè)后果是對(duì)環(huán)境的危害。故選B項(xiàng)。

34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.

D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan

807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有瑕疵的）produce,that

otherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreeze

ordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.（科廷是華盛頓DC中央廚房的苜席執(zhí)行官，該公司

把食物復(fù)原，變成健康的食物。去年，該組織通過接受捐贈(zèng)和收集有瑕疵的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，收回了

超過807500磅的食物，否則這些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品就會(huì)在地里腐爛。草莓呢？志愿者們將清洗、切割、

冷凍或干燥它們，以便在路上的餐食中使用戶可知，科廷的公司用人們不想要的食物重新制

作食物。故選D項(xiàng)。

35.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的""Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherby

notpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonot

includethesidedishyouwon'teat,"Curtinsays.（“每個(gè)人都可以在減少浪費(fèi)方面發(fā)揮作用，無

論是在每周的購物中不購買不必要的食物，還是要求餐館不包括你不吃的配菜，“科廷說）“

可知，科廷建議人們只買需要的東西來避免浪費(fèi)食物。故選A項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)睛】

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

（2020?全國?高考真題）Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeone

buysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedisthe

onewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatetheperson

onthenewhome.36Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopeful

presents.

37Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeata

localstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslike

knivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn,taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftis

somethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.

38Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn,talotoffoodserved.

Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Theho