河北省唐山市2022-2023學(xué)年高一年級上冊期末考試英語試題（解析版）

唐山市2022?2023學(xué)年度高一年級第一學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平調(diào)研考試

英語

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷

上無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inapetshop.B.Inahotel.C.Inagarden.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning,howcanIhelpyou?

W:Hi,Tdliketogetapet.Iliveinabighousewithagarden.Whatissuitable?

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatisthemaneatingnow?

A.Bread.B.Cakes.C.Biscuits.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Wow,Tvenevertastedsuchdeliciousbiscuits!Howdidyoumakethem?

W:Ijustfollowedthestepsonthevideo.Helpyourselftosomemore,please.Icanalsomakeyoubreadandcakes

ifyouwanttohavesome.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatwillthemando?

A.Seeadoctor.B.Visitapatient.C.SaveUnclePeter.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Bob,there'sonly30minutesbeforetheendofvisitinghours.

M:rilgetthereassoonasIcan.HowisUnclePeter?

W:Hewasjustmovedoutoftheemergencyroom.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Howdoesthemanfeelnow?

A.Confused.B.Disappointed.C.Excited.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Oh,Ididn'tthinkIcouldmakeithomeintimeforthegame.

W:Whatgame?

M:TheWorldCup!IwatchtheWorldCupeveryfouryears.Ifsalongwaitandifsamazing.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whydoesthewomanhavetowait?

A.Itistherushhour.B.Theweatherisbad.C.Anaccidenthashappened.

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】W:I'vebeenwaitinghereforfifteenminutes.Doyouknowwhythetrafficissoheavy?

M:Atruckoverturnedontheroadandblockedit.

W:Thafsterrible.IhopeIcangetbackhomebeforethestormcomes.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

請聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthehouse?

A.Expensive.B.Convenient.C.Comfortable.

7.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortherenteachmonth?

A.$720,B.$790,C.$800.

【答案】6.B7.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Smith.YousaidyouwanttorentahouseinChicago.ThereisahouseonParkStreet.Ifs

withinwalkingdistancetoyourwork.

M:ThafsexactlywhatI'mlookingfor.Howabouttherent?Youknow,Iwanttorentthehouseforayear.

W:Youmaypaytherentmonthly.Therentis800dollarseachmonth.Sinceyouwanttorentforayear,youare

offeredatenpercentdiscount.

M:Thatsoundslovely.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

8.Whafstheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

ASchoolmates.B.Teammates.C.Workmates.

9.Whatdoesthewomando?

A.Sheisatranslator.B.Sheisacollegestudent.C.Sheisabusinesswoman.

10.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?

A.LearnFrench.B.Findnewinterest.C.Treatherheadache.

【答案】8.A9.B10.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Hello,Andrew.

M:Hi,Jane.Haven?tseenyouforages.Nicetomeetyouhere.

W:Itmustbefiveyearssinceyouleftschool.

M:Thafsright.Youwerethreeyearsbelowme.Iwasinthesameyearasyouroldersister.AndIrememberyou

wereontheschoolbaseballteamandyouplayedverywell.Whatareyoudoingnow?

W:IamstudyingBusinessatuniversityinLondon.Ithinkitisinteresting.Whataboutyou?

M:IhavebeenworkingasaFrenchtranslatorsincegraduatingfromuniversity.IlikeFrenchverymuch.

W:Amazing!ItriedtolearnFrench,butitsgrammarwassuchabigheadachetome,soIdroppedthesubject.

M:Whatapity!Ireallyhopeyoucanpickitupsomeday.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

11.Whatkindofflightwillthemantake?

A.Amorningflight.B.Anafternoonflight.C.Aneveningflight.

12.Whatflightclassdoesthemanchoose?

A.Firstclass.B.Businessclass.C.Economyclass.

13.Howdoesthemanpayfortheticket?

A.Incash.B.Bycard.C.Withamobilewallet.

【答案】n.C12.C13.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.WelcometoBritishAirways.MayIhelpyou?

M:Yes,please.TdliketobuyatickettoNewYorkfornextMonday.

W:Onemoment,please.Iwillcheckforyou.Therearethreeflightsthatday:9:30am.,2:00pm.and7:00pm..

Whichflightwouldyoulikemetocheckon?

M:Mm...theflightat7:00pm.,please.

W:Okay.Wouldyoulikeaneconomy,businessorfirstclassseat,sir?

M:Howmuchisfirstclass?

W:AfirstclasssingleticketonMonday8thJanuaryis650dollars.

M:Ohdear.Ithinkthafstooexpensive.Whatabouttheothers?

W:Abusinessclassticketis570dollarsandeconomyis500dollars.

M:Tdprefertotraveleconomyclassthen.

W:Okay.MayIhaveyournameandtelephonenumber,sir?

M:Yes,ifsJimmyJohnson.Mytelephonenumberis108-9997777.

W:Howwouldyouliketopay,MrJohnson?

M:Doyoutakecreditcards?

W:Yes,sir.

M:IwillpaybyVisa,please.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

14.WherewillthewomanspendthisChristmas?

A.InHawaii.B.InLondon.C.InLosAngeles.

15.WhatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodoatChristmas?

A.Sharehisinterests.

B.Gettogetherwithhisfriends.

C.Travelabroadwithhisparents.

16.WhatwillGracegetthisyear?

A.Buildingblocks.B.ABarbiedoll.C.Ateddybear.

17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Holidayplans.B.Giftexchanges.C.Familyrelationships.

【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Whatmakesyousohappy,George?

M:I'mgoinghometoattendafamilyget-togetherthisChristmas.HowareyougoingtospendChristmas?

W:IreallymissmyparentsinLosAngeles!Butyouknow,lastyearItravelledtoLondon.Andthisyearmybest

friendLucywillgetmarriedinHawaiisoI'llhavetospendChristmastherewithher.

M:I'vealwayswantedtotakeatripabroadduringtheChristmasholidays.

W:Whafsholdingyouback?

M:MyparentsalwaystellmethatChristmasisthetimetogettogetherwithfamily.IfIwanttotravel,Ishoulddoit

inthesummer.

W:Whynotaskyourparentstogowithyou?Theymightbeinterested.

M:Hey,thafsagoodidea!Butthere?sonethingI'llmissifIspendChristmasabroad.

W:Whafsthat?

M:Ienjoygivinggiftstomyfive-year-oldcousin,Grace.She'saslovelyasaBarbiedoll.Lastyear,Igavehersome

buildingblocksandsheenjoysthemverymuch.Thisyear,I'mgoingtosurpriseherwithateddybear.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?

A.Organizingarescue.B.Reportingadisaster.C.Conductinganinterview.

19.Whyistherescueworkratherdifficult?

A.Novolunteerscometohelp.

B.Theroadsarebadlydamaged.

C.Therearenotenoughaidworkers.

20.WhathasPakistanreceivedfromtheUN?

A.Funds.B.Shelters.C.Foodsupplies.

【答案】18.B19.B20.A

【解析】

【原文】Goodmorning,everyone.IamCathyWeaverfromNPR.Pakistanisfacingtheheaviestrainsinthe

last30yearsandsuddenfloodscausedbytheheavyrainshavekilledmorethan1,100people.Floodshavewashed

awaynumbersofbridges,roads,homesandhotels.Largeareasofcropsareunderwater.Ihaveseenmanypeople

shelteringonrailwaytracksandinschools.ThePakistaniaidworkerswhoIspeaktoareprettyusedtodealingwith

disasters,buteventheysaytheyareshocked.Theyhaveneverseensuchseriousdamagecausedbyadisaster.Almost

alltheroadsarebadlydamaged,makingtherescueworkratherdifficult.Nowagreatmanysoldiersandvolunteers

arestrugglingaroundtheclock.Pakistaniofficialshavesaidthatthegovernmentwillprovidehousingtothosewho

havelosttheirhomes.Internationalaidisbeingorganizedfortheflood-affectedareas.Airplanesfromforeign

countrieslandedonSunday,carryingfoodandwatersupplies.TheUnitedNationshasalsooffered$3millionto

help.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題2.5分，滿分25分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Iranafterthetrain,shouting,butitwashopeless,asthetrainwouldneverslowdownfora60-year-oldman

whogottothestationminuteslate.Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofa

lifetime.Ithrewmyartcasedowninfrustration（沮喪）.

Isatdownonthebench,breathingheavily.Itwasthefirsttimein40yearsthatanyonehadshownsuchan

interestinmyart.PierreGianniwastheownerofthemostfamousgallery（畫廊）inNewYorkCity.Whywouldhe

wanttogiveasecondchancetoanelderlynobody?Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenmypainting,hewouldhave

changedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.Cometothinkofit,perhapsthesefeelingscouldexplainwhy

Ihadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.

Theinterviewwasthechanceresultofmygranddaughtermentioningmyarttothegalleryowner.Shehadnone

ofmyuncertaintiesandfear,andshetalkedproudlyaboutmypaintingssomuchthatcuriosityhadgottenhimto

cometome.Hesawaphotoshehadtakenonhercellphone.Itwasoneofmyearlierpieces,mostofwhichwere

givenasgiftstofamilymembersonvariousgatherings.ItwasallIthoughtmypaintingswereworthyof.

WhatifInevergotanotherchancetoshowwhatIcoulddo?Fulloffrustration,Ipickedupmyartcaseand

begantowalkhome.

WhenIarrivedatmyhouse,IsawaBenzinmydriveway.Tomysurprise,amangotoutofitandwalkedin

mydirection,holdingouthishandforanintroductoryshake."PeterWoods?^^Inodded,stillconfused.4tWhenyou

didn'tshowupforourinterviewtoday,Iwasconcernedforyourhealthanddecidedtocometoseeyouinstead.It

wouldbeapitytomissoutonthenextPicasso,wouldn'tit?”

Sixmonthslater,thechancetookmetomyownshow,whichattractedmanyexcitedvisitors.

21.Whatkindofpersonwastheauthor?

A.Self-doubtfuLB.Narrow-minded.

C.Confident.D.Proud.

22.Whatdidtheauthoralwaysdoonvariousgatherings?

A.Hetalkedabouthiscuriosity.

B.Hetookphotoswithhisfamily.

C.Heboughtgiftsforhisgranddaughter.

D.Hegaveawayhispaintingstohisfamily.

23.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AWonderfulShowB.AnExcitingInterview

C.ASpecialChanceD.AnEffortlessSuccess

【答案】21.A22.D23.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了在孫女的推薦下，作者得到了又一次向畫廊老板推銷自己作品的機

會，但是作者卻沒能趕上車。作者滿懷沮喪回到家，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有一個男人來接自己，這個機會讓作者可以展示

作品，吸引力很多觀眾。

[21題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Shehadnoneofmyuncertaintiesandfear,（她沒有我的猶豫和擔(dān)憂）”可知，作者

有猶豫和擔(dān)憂，是一個自我懷疑的人。故選A項。

【22題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itwasoneofmyearlierpieces,mostofwhichweregivenasgiftstofamilymembers

onvariousgatherings.（這是我早期的作品之一，其中大部分是在各種聚會上作為禮物送給家人的）“可知，

作者總是在各種聚會上把自己的畫作送給家人。故選D項。

【23題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第~■段"Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofa

lifetime.（我正在去面試的路上，這可能是我一生中的一次機會）”、最后一段"Sixmonthslater,thechance

tookmetomyownshow,whichattractedmanyexcitedvisitors.（六個月后，這個機會讓我可以有自己的展覽，

吸引了許多激動的觀眾）”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，作者得到機會，可以向畫廊老板推銷自己的作品，沒趕上車

之后，一個男人來接自己，這個機會讓作者可以展示作品，吸引很多觀眾，所以“特別的機會”可以作為

文章標(biāo)題。故選C項。

Formorethan100millionyearsseaturtles（海龜）havecoveredhugedistancesacrosstheworld'soceans,

makingthemamongtheoldestcreaturesontheplanet.However,theyareonthelistofendangeredspecies.

Differentfromsomeanimalslikesnakes,thesexofthebabyseaturtles,calledhatchlings,isdeterminedbythe

environmentafterfertilization（受精）.Thetemperatureoftheeggsduringacertainperiodofdevelopmentisthe

decidingfactorindeterminingsex,andsmallchangesintemperaturecancauseverybigchangesinthesexratio（比

例）.Often,eggsatlowtemperatures（22—27℃）producemales,whileeggsathighertemperatures（30℃andabove）

producefemales.Attemperaturesinbetween,bothsexeswillbeproduced.Iftemperaturereaches36℃,nohatchlings

willbeproduced.

Climatechangehasapowerfuleffectonturtlenesting（筑巢）sites.Itchangessandtemperatures,whichthen

affectsthesexofthehatchlings.Scientistshavefoundthatunusuallywarmtemperaturescausedbyclimatechange

areupsettingthenormalratios,resultinginfewermalehatchlings.ThepastfourhottestsummersinFloridahave

seenonlyfemaleseaturtles.AndanAustralianstudyhasshownasimilareffectinwhich99%ofthehatchlingsare

female.

Inadditiontorisingtemperatures,turtlesarealsofacingthethreatoftoomuchplasticintheoceans,alongwith

anumberofotherthreats."Plasticpollutionisaproblemforturtlesastheycanmistakeplasticsforfoodeasily.Even

asinglepieceofplasticcankillaturtle,9,DrCouper,workingattheQueenslandMuseum,said.t4Wehavecollected

someplasticstakenfromturtles5stomachstoshowpeoplewhatkindsofthingsareshowinguponbeaches.Iwantit

tobeaneyeopener.^^

24.Whichtemperatureisgoodforabalancedsexratioofturtlehatchlings?

A.26℃.B.29℃.C.31℃.D.36℃.

25.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?

A.Seaturtleswillbuildtheirnestingsiteselsewhere.

B.Globalwarmingisanextremethreattoseaturtles.

C.ClimatechangeismuchmoreobviousinAustralia.

D.Over90%oftheturtlehatchlingsarefemaleglobally.

26.WhatdoesDr.Couperintendtosay?

A.Turtlesdonothaveenoughfoodsources.

B.Turtlesdonothaveagoodsenseofsmell.

C.Peopleshouldcleanupbeachesmoreoften.

D.Peopleshouldraiseenvironmentalawareness.

【答案】24.B25.B26.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了海龜作為地球上最古老的生物之一，因為氣候的變化以及海洋污

染，已成為瀕危物種。

【24題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Often,eggsatlowtemperatures（22—27℃）producemales,whileeggsathigher

temperatures（30℃andabove）producefemales.Attemperaturesinbetween,bothsexeswillbeproduced.If

temperaturereaches36℃,nohatchlingswillbeproduced.（通常情況下，低溫（22-27℃）下的卵產(chǎn)生雄性，而高

溫（30℃及以上）下的卵產(chǎn)生雌性。在兩者之間的溫度下，兩性都會產(chǎn)生。如果溫度達到36℃,將無法孵

化）”可知，27℃到29℃有利于海龜幼仔的性別比例平衡。故選B項。

【25題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Climatechangehasapowerfuleffectonturtlenestingsites.Itchangessand

temperatures,whichthenaffectsthesexofthehatchlings.Scientistshavefoundthatunusuallywarm

temperaturescausedbyclimatechangeareupsettingthenormalratios,resultinginfewermalehatchlings.The

pastfourhottestsummersinFloridahaveseenonlyfemaleseaturtles.AndanAustralianstudyhasshowna

similareffectinwhich99%ofthehatchlingsarefemale.（氣候變化對海龜?shù)闹驳赜泻艽笥绊?。它改變了沙?/p>

的溫度，進而影響了幼龜?shù)男詣e?？茖W(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，由氣候變化引起的異常溫暖的溫度打亂了正常的比例，

導(dǎo)致雄性孵化的小海龜越來越少。在過去四個最熱的夏天里，佛羅里達只看到了雌性海龜。澳大利亞的一

項研究也顯示了類似的效果，99%的小海龜都是雌性）”可推斷出，全球變暖對海龜來說是一個極大的威

脅。故選B項。

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“"Plasticpollutionisaproblemforturtlesastheycanmistakeplasticsforfood

easily.Evenasinglepieceofplasticcankillaturtle,''DrCouper,workingattheQueenslandMuseum,said.

“Wehavecollectedsomeplasticstakenfromturtles'stomachstoshowpeoplewhatkindsofthingsareshowingup

onbeaches.Iwantittobeaneyeopener."（"塑料污染對海龜來說是一個問題，因為它們很容易把塑料誤認

為食物。即使是一片塑料也能殺死一只烏龜，”在昆士蘭博物館工作的庫珀博士說?！拔覀儚暮｝?shù)奈咐?/p>

收集了一些塑料，向人們展示海灘上出現(xiàn)了什么東西。我希望它能讓人大開眼界?！埃笨赏浦瑤觳┦?/p>

主要想表達的是人們應(yīng)該提高環(huán)保意識。故選D項。

C

Mostofushavetoldalieatonetimeoranother.Someliesareharmful.Othersaremostlyharmless.Stillother

liesmayevenbecreatedwiththebestofintentions.Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutellittakesagreatdealof

brainpowertokeepyourliecovered.

Peopleliefordifferentreasons.Sometimestheydoittomakethemselveslookbetter.Sometimestheylietoget

outoftrouble.Someliesarewell-intended,whichscientistscallCuprosociallies”.Maybeyoutellyourparentsthat

youlovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyourbirthday（eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone）.

Thafsaprosociallie.

Whenyoutellthetruth,yourbraindoesn'thavetodoanythingunusual.Lyingtakesmuchmorework.For

example,whenyouarelateforclass,youtellaliethatyouhavetostopbythelibraryandpickupabook.Your

teachermayasktoseethebookorevenaskyoutoreadit.Thismayresultinaseries（系歹U）oflies,causingalotof

brainworkdoneintheprefrontalcortex（前額皮層）.Ifsthepartinchargeofworkingmemory.Workingmemory

keepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile.Whenyouuseself-controltokeepfromtellingthetruth,thispart

comesintoplay.

Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortexhasahardertimedoing

othertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudyschedule.Kid'sprefrontal

cortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresources（資源）theretobeginwith.Thatis

whyresearchersfeelit'simportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycansafelytellevenpainful

truthsaboutthemselves.

“Nearlyallculturesvaluehonesty,9,Talwarsays.And,sheadds,“Therearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreate

aculturethatstrengthensthevalueofhonesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraise

themfortellingthetruth.”

27.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphintendtotellus?

A.Lyingstealsbrainpower.

B.Harmlessliesarewelcome.

C.Trustisnowheretobeseen.

D.Manyliesarewellintended.

28.Whatdowelearnaboutprosociallies?

A.Theybringtellersalotoffun.

B.Theygettellersoutoftrouble.

C.Theymakereceiversfeelgood.

D.Theyleadreceiverstoadeepthinking.

29.Whyshouldkidstelltruthstodependablepeopleaccordingtoresearchers?

A.Tomakethemfeelsafe.

B.Toimprovetheircontrol.

CToguidetheirstudyschedule.

D.Tofreeuptheirworkingmemory.

30.WhatdoesTalwarsuggesttostrengthenthevalueofhonesty?

A.Makingpeoplesufferfromtellinglies.

B.Givingpeoplepraiseforbeinghonest.

C.Helpingpeopletoleadacreativelife.

D.Askingpeopletolearndifferentcultures.

【答案】27.A28.C29.D30.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了無論是什么樣的謊言，都需要大量的腦力來掩蓋謊言，人們可

以稱贊誠實，來幫助創(chuàng)造一種加強誠實價值的文化。

【27題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutell,ittakesagreatdealofbrainpowertokeep

yourliecovered』但無論你說什么樣的謊言，都需要大量的腦力來掩蓋你的謊言）”可知，無論什么樣的謊

言，說謊都會竊取腦力。故選A項。

[28題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Maybeyoutellyourparentsthatyoulovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyour

birthday（eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone）.Thafsaprosociallie.（也許你告訴你父

母，你喜歡他們送給你的生日毛衣（盡管你真的很希望有一部新手機）。這是親社會的謊言）”可推知，親

社會謊言可以讓聽到的人不會感覺失望，而是感覺良好。故選C項。

【29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortex

hasahardertimedoingothertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudy

schedule.Kid'sprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresourcesthereto

beginwith.Thatiswhyresearchersfeelifsimportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycan

safelytellevenpainfultruthsaboutthemselves.（花費如此多的腦力來保持故事的連貫性意味著前額皮層更難

完成其他需要計劃、自我控制或工作記憶的任務(wù)，例如計劃學(xué)習(xí)日程。孩子的前額皮層直到25歲左右才

完全發(fā)育。因此，他們一開始擁有更少的資源。這就是為什么研究人員覺得重要的是，孩子們要找到可靠

的人，他們可以安全地告訴對方關(guān)于自己的甚至是痛苦的真相）”可知，說謊會使得前額皮層完成的工作記

憶的任務(wù)量加重，而孩子的前額皮層到25歲左右才完全發(fā)育。由此推知，孩子們向可靠的人說出真相可

以釋放工作記憶，減少任務(wù)量。故選D項。

[30題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段aTherearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreateaculturethatstrengthensthevalueof

honesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraisethemfortellingthetruth.（人們可以

做一些事情來幫助創(chuàng)造一種加強誠實價值的文化。比起因說謊而懲罰人們?nèi)?，更重要的是因他們說實話而

贊揚他們）”可知，塔瓦爾建議讓人們稱贊誠實，以此加強誠實的價值。故選B項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Mathattitudeaffectsmathachievement,anewstudyfinds.Itsuggeststhatdevelopingapositive,can-doattitude

aboutmathcanhelpstudentsmasterthesubject.

Theresearcherssurveyedthestudentsonmathandthencomparedtheirreportedfeelingsaboutmathtotheir

grades.31Howkidsfeelaboutthesubjectinoneyearisrelatedtotheirmathgradesthenext.Thosewho

havegottenpoorgradesfeelbadlyaboutmath.Andthosewhohavedarkemotionsdopoorly.

32Butthecycledoesn'thavetobenegative（消極）.Whiledarkfeelings,suchasfearandanger,may

berelatedtopoorgrades,thatrelationbetweenfeelingsandgradesworkstheotherway,too.Goodfeelingsabout

math-takingprideinmathachievementandenjoyingmathclass-alsocontributetobettergrades.

Ifsanexcellentstudyforteachingandlearning.Teachingmathisn'tjustaboutnumbersandmathematicalrules.

33Dotheytakestepstothemwithcuriosityorfear?Teacherscanhelpbyteachingmathematicalrules

clearly,ofcourse.Buttheyalsocanhelpbygradingstudentsbasedonhowmuchtheyimproveovertime,which

givesstudentsasenseofachievement.

34Thismeansmorethanjustdoingtheirhomework.Insteadofimaginingthatupsettingresultwill

continue,studentscanlookatwhytheyaren'tsucceeding.Maybetheydidn'tstudyenough.Maybetheyneedanew

studystrategy.35

A.Studentsneedtodotheirpart,too.

B.Theydropmathassoonastheycan.

C.Howstudentsfeelaboutthemisalsoveryimportant.

D.Sopoormathgradesresultinbadfeelingsaboutmath.

E.Emotionshavearealinfluenceonstudents5gradesovertime.

EThesurveyshowsthosefeelingsareconnectedwiththeirmathgrades.

G.Whateverthecause,theycantakesomestepstocontrolhowtheylearnmath.

【答案】31.F32.E33.C34.A35.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了數(shù)學(xué)態(tài)度會影響數(shù)學(xué)成績，培養(yǎng)積極的、能做的數(shù)學(xué)態(tài)度可以

幫助學(xué)生掌握這門學(xué)科。

【31題詳解】

上文“Theresearcherssurveyedthestudentsonmathandthencomparedtheirreportedfeelingsaboutmathto

theirgrades.（研究人員關(guān)于數(shù)學(xué)對學(xué)生進行了調(diào)查，然后將他們對數(shù)學(xué)的感受與成績進行了比較）”說明研

究人員關(guān)于數(shù)學(xué)對學(xué)生進行了調(diào)查，F(xiàn)項中survey是關(guān)鍵詞，F(xiàn)項"調(diào)查顯示，這些感覺與他們的數(shù)學(xué)成

績有關(guān)?！闭f明調(diào)查的結(jié)果，承接上文，符合題意。故選F。

【32題詳解】

下文aGoodfeelingsaboutmath-takingprideinmathachievementandenjoyingmathclass-alsocontribute

tobettergrades.（對數(shù)學(xué)的良好感受，為數(shù)學(xué)成績感到自豪和享受數(shù)學(xué)課，也有助于提高成績）”說明對數(shù)學(xué)

的感受會影響數(shù)學(xué)成績，E項“隨著時間的推移，情緒會對學(xué)生的成績產(chǎn)生真正的影響。”說明對數(shù)學(xué)的

情緒會真正影響學(xué)生的成績，引出下文，符合題意。故選E。

【33題詳解】

上文"Teachingmathisn'tjustaboutnumbersandmathematicalrules.（教數(shù)學(xué)不僅僅是關(guān)于數(shù)字和數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)則）”

說明教數(shù)學(xué)不僅僅是關(guān)于數(shù)學(xué)知識，以及下文“Dotheytakestepstothemwithcuriosityorfear?（他們是懷著

好奇還是恐懼走向他們？）”說明教數(shù)學(xué)也需要考慮學(xué)生們對數(shù)學(xué)的感受，C項“學(xué)生對它們的感覺也很重

要?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合題意。故選C。

【34題詳解】

下文“Thismeansmorethanjustdoingtheirhomework.（這不僅僅意味著做他們的家庭作業(yè)）”說明學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)

時，學(xué)生不僅僅需要做家庭作業(yè)，A項“學(xué)生也需要盡自己的一份力量?！闭f明學(xué)生也要做出努力，引出

下文，符合題意。故選A。

【35題詳解】

上文“Maybetheydidn'tstudyenough.Maybetheyneedanewstudystrategy.（也許他們學(xué)習(xí)得不夠。也許他們

需要一個新的學(xué)習(xí)策略）”說明學(xué)生沒有成功的原因，G項“無論是什么原因，他們都可以采取一些措施來

控制自己學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的方式?！闭f明無論原因是什么，學(xué)生都可以采取措施，承接上文，符合題意。故選

Go

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

WheneverIarrivehomelatefromwork,mydogPoppinssavesherdinner.Shealwayswaitsforme36

Isitdownformine.

Forsomeonewhorecoveredfroma（n）37disorder（紊舌L）,theimportanceofmycaringdog's

38surprisedme.Intheyearsoftreatment,myfamilyandfriendswerevery39,butnothingquite

touchedmelikethe40ofmydog.

MyeatingdisorderstartedwhenIwasinuniversity.ThenIwasanearlybird,sportyand41tooutdoors.

Butafewcommentsaboutweightproved（證明是）enoughformetobegin42mylooks.Istoppedeating

enough.IforcedmyselftoexerciseandlostsightofwhyIlovedtomove.Allthat43wasthatIticked（勾）

offtheboxesinthechecklist.

WhenPoppinscametolivewithme,mylifetookaturn.Td44wakeearly.ButontheroadIhadsped

through,wewalkedslowlyin45.Weenjoyedstreetcars,DonValley,HumberRiverandmanyanimals.

I46formanyyearsworkingouthowtoliveanactivelife.Poppinsfeelslikethemissing47.

Thissweetdoghas48metothelifeI'vedreamedabout一onestillfilledwithexplorationand

49butnotdrivenbyforcetomove.IknowthatthelifeIusedtoonly50hascomenow.Ifeel

contentandabletocontributetosocietyinameaningfulway.

36.A.ifB.untilC.althoughD.because

37.A.breathingB.nervousC.eatingD.emotional

38.A.dietB.lookC.revivalD.habit

39.A.supportiveB.wealthyC.gracefulD.honest

40.A.imageB.survivalC.companyD.growth

41.A.forcedB.attractedC.limitedD.shown

42.A.questioningB.describingC.forgettingD.appreciating

43.A.returnedB.failedC.fitted