Unit+1+Art++Discovering+Useful+Structures高中英語人教版（201）選擇性必修第三冊

InfinitivesasPredictiveDiscoverUsefulStructuresUnit01ARTLearningObjectivesBytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:

1.comprehendandmastertheforms,functionsanddifferentmeaningsoftheinfinitivesasthepredicativethroughcontext;2.usetheinfinitivesproperlyandmakeupshortconversationsusingthesrtucturefluentlyandcorrectly.01ReadandFindReadthesesentencesandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3.Discusswithyourpartnerthefunctionoftheitalicizedinfinitives.Perhapsthebest_____tounderstandWesternartistolook

atthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.DuringtheMiddleAges,the_______ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.Inthiswork,Monet’s____wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene...___________________________wasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”waypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodo動詞不定式（短語）作表語

動詞不定式（短語）作表語相當(dāng)于名詞作表語。它和主語處在同等地位，所指的或是和主語一樣的東西，或是主語產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。常?？梢詫⒅?、表交換位置，句子的意義不變。一、不定式的形式1.基本形式：

to+動詞原形2.其否定形式是:

not

todo.

主動語態(tài)

被動語態(tài)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

tohavebeendoing二、動詞不定式作表語的結(jié)構(gòu)、含義與功能Matchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethekeywordsofthesubjectineachsentence.1Theyoungsinger'sintentionofperformingthesongwas2Thebestwaytodobusinessis3Whatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowas4Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsis5Theaimofthetwoleadersattheconferencewas6Forahumbleperson,oneofthehardestthingsmightbe7Whenyouarefacedwithaseriousdecision,mysuggestionis8Themother'swishis9Allhewantedafteratiringdaywastobuildtrustbetweenyouandyourclienttoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountriestobuildamemorialtotheheroeswho

savedtheirlivestosharehisloveforrockmusicwith

hisfanstobeleftalonetocriticiseotherpeopletoinspirestudentstobecreativetolistentoyourowninnervoicetoraisehersontobecomeamanwith

anoblemindandagenerousheartTheyoungsinger’sintentionofperformingthesongwastosharehisloveforrockmusicwithhisfans.Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsistoinspirestudentstobecreative.Theaimofthetwoleadersattheconferencewastoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountries.Whenyouarefacedwithaseriousdecision,mysuggestonistolistentoyourowninnervoice.【P5activity2】Underlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.Explainthemeaningsofthecompletesentences.ObserveandDiscoverThemother'swishistoraisehersontobecomeamanwithanoblemindandagenerousheart.Whatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowastobuildamemorialtotheheroeswhosavedtheirlives.動詞不定式作表語Tip1：主語是以__________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________等表意向、打算、計劃的名詞時，或者以_____________________表示時，一般用動詞不定式作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容。method，problem，task，wish，aim，goal，purpose，suggestion，duty，hope，idea，intention，plan，way，stepwhat引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句有時，根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，在作表語的不定式前，還可添加疑問代詞或疑問副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等。例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.Thebestwaytodobusinessistobuildtrustbetweenyouandyourclient.Forahumbleperson,oneofthehardestthingsmightbetocriticiseotherpeople.【P5activity2】Underlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.Explainthemeaningsofthecompletesentences.tip2當(dāng)主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞_____或者主語被___________________或形容詞________修飾時，其后可接“系動詞+不定式”作句子的表語。allonly,first,one,least最高級tip3動詞不定式作表語可表“________________________________________”等。Inourcountry，peopleunder18are____________.(禁止)在我們國家，未滿18周歲的人禁止開車。Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouare___________.(愿望)如果你想成功，你必須有耐心和恒心。Youare_________aface-to-facetalkwiththem.(勸告)

你必須得和他們進(jìn)行一次面對面的談話。nottodrivetosucceed

同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止等tohave4.表示事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果、預(yù)期的結(jié)果、不幸的命運(yùn)或預(yù)言。Thatexperiencewastochangehiswholelife.那次經(jīng)歷會改變他的整個生活。Youmusttellmeaboutit，ifwearetoremainfriends.如果我們還想繼續(xù)做朋友的話，你就必須告訴我那件事。5.用于被動語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于can/could，should，oughtto，must，具有情態(tài)意義。Youaretoberewarded.你應(yīng)該受到獎勵。(should)It’snowheretobefound.哪兒也找不到它。(can’tbe)Thesebooksarenottobesold.這些書不應(yīng)該被賣掉。(oughtnottobe)6.不定式作表語，可用主動形式表示被動意義。Yourclientistoblameforthelossofsomuchmoney.損失這么多錢應(yīng)該怪你的客戶。7.動詞不定式(短語)作表語時，一般情況下不定式符號to不能省略，但當(dāng)主句主語部分含有實(shí)義動詞do的某種形式時，可省略作表語的動詞不定式（短語）里的不定式符號to:

Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”Intheevening

theonlythinghedidwasreadthenewspaper.三、動詞不定式作表語和v-ing作表語的區(qū)別

1、當(dāng)動詞所表達(dá)的是某一具體的行為，將來的行為或有待于實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為時，通常用動詞不定式作表語。

v-ing動名詞作表語則表示多次的、反復(fù)的、習(xí)慣性的行為與動作。2、動詞不定式和v-ing作表語時，要注意與句子的主語在形式上保持一致，即如果句子的主語為v-ing，則表語也應(yīng)使用v-ing；若主語為動詞不定式,

則表語也應(yīng)使用動詞不定式。e.g.Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.Whatheisaddictedtoisplayingvideogamesatnight.▲但這種區(qū)別并不是絕對的。例外的情況也不少，比如在job，problem等名詞后面就可用不定式或動名詞作表語，且意思區(qū)別很小。如：Theproblemisfindingthetimetogetthesethingsdone.問題是要找到完成這些事情的時間。Theproblemistofindasuitableplaceforthesculpture.問題是要找到一個合適的地方安放這個雕塑。

02PracticeandConsolidationⅠ.單句語法填空Themostmeaningfulthinghewantstodois______(help)thepoor.Thisyear,hisplanis_______(make)somechangesintheteachingmethod.WhatIsuggestis

_______(start)workatonce.Oneofherhobbiesis

_________(collect)stamps.Ithinkitisyourbrotherwhois_______(blame)fortheaccident.

helptomaketostartcollectingtoblameYouare______________(reward)

ifyouhavemadeabreakthrough.Throughmyyearsofschoollife,I’velearnedthatifweare________(make)

adifferenceinlife,it’sofgreatimportancethatweshouldbeginwithsmallthings.Thestudentstrustherverymuch;

asaresult,

heradviceis__________(influence)

theirdecisions.

toberewardedtomake

toinfluenceWorkinpairs.Makeconversationsusingthefollowingquestionsandsentencepatterns.A：What’syourbiggestambitioninlife?B：MybiggestambitioninlifeistorunaninternationalmarathoninBeijing.A：Wow，thatsoundsgreat!Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?B：Ishouldpractise，practise，practiseandnever

giveup!A：Howareyougoingtoachieveyourgoal?Doyouhaveanyplans?B：Yes，myplanistorunmyfirstmara-thonintwoyears’time.IthinkallIhavetodoisstartrunningshorterraces，andthengetusedtolongerandlongerraces.A：Whatmightbedifficultforyou?B：Ithinkoneofthehardestthingsmightbetrainingmybodyandmindtoenduresuchalongrace.A：Howareyougoingtodealwiththat?B：Iguessthebestwaytodealwiththatistotrainslowlybutwithgreatfocus，getalotofsupportfromfriendsandfamily，alwaysbepositive，andkeepmylong-termgoalinmind.Summary一、動詞不定式（短語）作表語的用法主語是以method，problem，task，wish，aim，goal，purpose，suggestion，duty，hope，idea，intention，plan，way，step等表意向、打算、計劃的名詞時，或者以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示，一般用動詞不定式作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容。當(dāng)主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞all或者主語被only,first,one,least或形容詞最高級修飾時，其后可接“系動詞+不定式”作句子的表語。動詞不定式作表語可表

同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止等表示事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果、預(yù)期的結(jié)果、不幸的命運(yùn)或預(yù)言。用于被動語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于can/could，should，oughtto，must具有情態(tài)意義。動詞不定式（短語）作表語時，可用主動形式表示被動意義。二、動詞不定式（短語）作表語省略to的情況三、動詞不定式（短語）作表語和v-ing（短語）作表語的區(qū)別HomeworkWorkbookPage62Exercise3(Languageoutput)Workingroups.Imagineyou